The Diary of Sarah Espy, 1863, Cherokee, Alabama

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This file was contributed and copyrighted by:
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September 2003


Original of this diary is held at the Alabama Department of Archives and History 
(ADAH), Montgomery, Alabama.  

Transcribed by Martha Lyle and used with permission from ADAH.

 
SARAH R. ESPY, PRIVATE JOURNAL 1859-1868
Alabama Department of Archives and History, Montgomery, Alabama

January 1863

1.	New Years Day. A fine though very cold day. An unpleasant thing today had 
grieved me much. I must guard better in future. Miss Hale, Miss Mackey spent the 
night here. Miss Brewer, Clark Shackleford sat till bedtime. Cold night.
2.	Very cold. We killed four hogs today. Mrs. and Miss Finley spent the day 
here. Lizzie and her sister spent it at Mr. Hale's.
3.	Cloudy and warm. We dried away our lard and ground sausage-meat. Julia 
Hale paid off her husband's note of $12.25 today. Miss Kate and B. went to 
church today. Few persons there. A soldier spent the night here.
4.	1st Sabbath. Cold day. L. and B. went to church. I am quite unwell today 
with a cold. M. has a sick headache. The girls went this evening to Mr. 
Patterson's.
5.	Very cold. I am much better this morning, went with Virgil to see Mr. 
Dupree about getting corn. He asks $2 per bushel, which I think out of all 
reason. I did not engage any, as we think we can make out, on what we have. 
There never was so much extortion known of before, yet I did not expect it of 
him. Passed a pleasant day with the family whom I have long wished to visit.
6.	Rainy day. Remodeled a dress. Bought Dick's corn.
7.	Variable weather. L. preparing to go home with her sister.
8.	Very cold. The girls started early this morning to meet the boat at 
Dublin. It came and they went on board, but I fear it will be night when they 
reach PerkinÕs landing. Mr. McNeely came about 2 o'clock for Kate. His wife, he 
says, is no better. Thinks she is wasting away with consumption.
9.	Hat making. Pleasant day. C. Shackleford returned from Ga. bringing the 
remainder of my rolls. He also brought letters from Mary and Maggie. They had a 
serious time Maggie wrote, with sickness, but now are getting up again. She sent 
me a present of stocking yarn. Joseph has returned to his company thoÕ not well 
yet.
10.	Rainy morning, and rained all night, I think. O. spent the night with Mrs. 
Brewer.
11.	2nd Sabbath. Clear and beautiful day. O. had the misfortune to get her 
foot burnt this morning, but not badly, I hope. Y. went to Cedar Hill to hear M. 
Lucy preach. This has been a quite serene Sabbath day with no one present, but 
our own family. I enjoy such days so much. It reminds me of old times.
12.	Pretty day. Hat-making. The old man, who stayed here last week returned 
tonight. He says they are having rough times there with the union men, and 
deserters from the army. They are going to resist the law and have already 
killed two men, and are plundering the secession party; this is what I have long 
feared, that a Tory Party would be formed which will be more dreadful to us than 
the Yankees.
13.	Cold morning. The Boat brought us wounded soldiers and the news that our 
army at Murphreesboro after whipping the enemy, had to retreat to Shelbyville on 
account of the Yankees reinforcing. Several of the 19th are wounded; it was a 
great battle, our killed said to be 8,000 while that of the enemy was 5 times as 
great.
14.	Cloudy. I went over to see Mr. Patterson this morning, who is going to 
rejoin his regiment. We sent Thomas's shoes by him. I went this evening to Mr. 
Hays's; a blistering day and night, wind from the South west.
15.	Still high winds. I planted onion buttons and lettuce seed this morning; a 
great deal of rain today, I fear the waters will get up, which will be an 
advantage to the enemy, as they can then run their gun boats.
16.	Excessively cold. Hat-making. Light snow falling.
17.	Still very cold. C.Õs foot mending a little.
18.	3rd sabbath. As white a frost as I ever saw. It looks like snow. I and O. 
passed the day with Mrs. Rudd and daughters, an unusual thing for me to do on 
the Sabbath; I think it far from right. A small place on my forehead which I 
hurt at least ten years ago and which has been well for nearly five years, has 
been feeling sore for a day or two. I do not understand it; Mr. Warren's negroes 
stayed here tonight on their way to Dublin. Something warmer.
19.	Cloudy with east winds. Hat-making. O. weaving.
20.	Rainy. A great deal of rain last night. Some appearance of fair weather 
this evening: M. Mackey called today.
21.	Cold and cloudy. I went with Virgil to Hale's and settled Columbus's and 
my own account with him; I paid $42.67 for C. using his own money. J. Trippe 
came after me this evening as Virginia is sick. She has a boy. I went and found 
her and babe doing very well; her sister-in-law is sitting with her.
22.	Pretty day. V. and babe doing very well. John hauling rock today from the 
mountain
23.	Warm. Working on my dress. J. fixed his fire-place today. His father and 
sisters called this evening.
24.	Colder. V. had a chill this morning and a high fever today, which I do not 
like much, I received a letter from T. He is near Vicksburg in in good health. 
The enemy are making savage attempts to take that place, it is the only place we 
have now on the Mississippi. May they fail to do so.
25.	Fine weather. V. better. Mrs. Morgan sent to John today to get him to see 
Marcellus, about going into the service for a month in Mr. M.Õs place, as she is 
sick and alone and wishes him to come home. I hardly suppose M. will go, as he 
must soon go in his own place, Mrs. Lybass came to see us.
26.	4th Sabbath. Fine day. V. and babe getting on very well. I went this 
evening to see Mrs. M.; Mrs. Harnal about the [?] 
27.	Warm. M. came down to see me about his going. I do not like for him to go, 
but he must do as he likes; he then went to see Mrs. M., and made an agreement 
with her, she is to bear expenses and give him $30. He came back and J. returned 
home with him to prepare him to start in a few days; I was sorry to leave 
Virginia. Found all well at home; rainy night, breaking cornland.
28.	Still inclement, Virgil took B. down to stay awhile with V. She is not so 
well this morning as the babe troubled her last night a good deal. Making a 
shirt for M. Commenced snowing this evening. Very cold.
29.	Extremely cold. We killed our two last hogs. We have now over 1600 lbs. of 
pork, enough to do us, I hope. Finished the lard and sausage-meat today. Snowing 
a little today
30.	Still very cold. Preparing thread for the loom, which O. bought last week 
at Mr. HaleÕs who got it in Tenn. She gave $14.40 for enough to warp 60 yds. of 
cloth. Also getting M. ready as he speaks of starting tomorrow. I ironed and 
marked his clothes this morning. I much doubt his being received in Mr. M.Õs 
place, who is a very stout man. He is plowing today
31.	Cold and somewhat cloudy. Marcellus went early to Mr. Morgan's and brought 
the horse he is to ride to Tenn. Then after an early dinner he bade us farewell 
and started; it is a long journey for one so young to take by himself. Ah me! 
how dreadful are the times when one so innocent as he must go into camps and 
suffer for the guilty. May the Lord go with him, and shield him from all evil 
and danger. Today two months ago, we took our last look at poor Columbus the 
victim of war. it may be that we have done so with Marcellus, but the good Lord 
forbid. May he return to his home in health and peace. I warped 20 yds. of 
thread this evening. I am sorry that I could not attend the missionary meeting 
to be held today at Yellow Creek.
 

February 1863

1.	1st Sabbath. Rainy day. I think of M. in his mountain journey for he 
intends crossing Sand Mountain today. He feared the creeks would get high. A 
soldier called to warm this morning. He belongs to a Cavalry company, who are 
collecting deserters and rendezvous at the Camp ground. John brought B. home. 
Sis and the babe are getting on finely, they say.
2.	Clear fine morning. I sent Virgil and Dick to get cedars to set out at 
Columbus's grave They brought 16 fine ones. We set them out in two rows. We also 
set out several rows of fruit trees there, as we wish to have a grove. I visited 
Mrs. B. I warped 25 Yds. of thread this morning. Getting cloudy.
3.	The ground covered with snow, and severely cold. If M. has good luck he 
will end his journey today. It must be severely cold where he is. He has had a 
bad time of it indeed.
4.	Cloudy and cold. Commenced snowing again this evening with high winds from 
the east; a bitterly cold night. O. called at Mr. Phipps's and Mr. Hays. The 
people are getting jubilant now with the thought of an early peace. It is 
thought the French government will be compelled to recognize us soon as her 
people are in great distress and must have cotton.
5.	The deepest snow I have seen for several years, at least 4 inches. The 
boys went rabbit hunting and found our missing sow and shoats. They are very 
thin, it is hardweather on stock that have no shelter. We are well situated in 
that respect for ours are well sheltered. We have a lamb, but it is in its 
house, Safe from the windy storm and tempest.
6.	Very cold and cloudy. Much surprised this evening by the arrival of Lizzie 
and her brother, bringing her babe a corpse. It died on the 4th after a severe 
illness. The Drs. could not tell what ailed it, but a head disorder, I suppose. 
It never was well, and it probably never would have been. Miss J. Patterson 
stayed with us tonight. Bitter night.
7.	Still cold. The snow melts but only in exposed situations. Mr. Hudgens 
making a case for the coffin, Mrs. and Miss Hays here. Mr. Hays superintends the 
digging of the grave. We shall not bury the child today. Heard today that the 
Conscript officers has taken J. Trippe but hope it is not true; he has offered 
himself twice, and been refused on account of being near-sighted, it is hard to 
take him now. The Miss Hale's spent the night with us.
8.	2nd Sabbath. Something warmer. We this morning buried the babe by the side 
of Columbus and shortly afterwards L. and her James left, taking B. along with 
them. The Miss HaleÕs left also. John came to dinner. It is true he is 
conscripted and has to start Thursday; is not pleased at the idea at all. V. 
wants me to come on Thursday and help her sew; the snow is melting fast today.
9.	Still cold. O. and I put in a piece of cloth today and commenced weaving. 
Warmer.
10.	Cloudy and getting warm. V. and I. went down to Johns. Miss Mountain, Miss 
C. Trippe, also there. We got through with the sewing. Virginia and her babe 
doing well, but V. is much depressed with the idea of John leaving; the snow is 
melting fast. Mr. Neely dined here; John spent the night here; he is trying to 
find Capt. Echols.
11.	Pleasant I settled with Mr. Brewer, who is also conscripted and has to 
start tomorrow. The people of this vicinity have got up a petition to E. Gardner 
to detail him back as our blacksmith; there will be none in less than 5 miles.
12.	Warm with hard rains today. Mr. Clark the tax collector spent the night 
here.
13.	Clear and pretty day. I paid my tax this morning and also that of Thomas; 
Marcellus arrived this evening in good health. The Major would not take him in 
Mr. M. place, who wished to came home very much; his wife also will be 
disappointed. Thomas 20th birthday.
14.	Cloudy. Mrs. Finley sent for me this morning but I cannot go. I sowed 
beets, radish, and cabbage seeds. O. spent the day at Col. Hale's. Stephen is 
mending. Our people are still gaining victories over the enemy, but they have 
finished their canal at Vicksburg and are running their boats. Our forces are 
ready for them, whenever they want a fight.
15.	3rd Sabbath. Rainy.
16.	Cloudy. I went to Mr. Finley's; spent the day. Mr. Neely came here this 
evening. A night of incessant rain.
17.	A close rainy day. I fear we will have a great freshet.
18.	Another night of incessant rain, I think. Mr. N. left this morning. some 
appearance of fair weather.
19.	Pleasant weather. I got out my cloth today.
20	Pretty day. We drew in another web of cloth and resumed weaving. Fine day. 
I hope we shall have good weather awhile now.
21.	Commenced raining again this morning. Mrs. B. sent for me. She gave birth 
to a son, a fine boy too; Mrs. Hays, Mrs. Rudd, there.
22.	4th Sabbath. Getting windy and cold. A great deal of rain has fallen and 
the waters are up high. O. spent the day at Mr. Patterson's.
23.	Very cold.
24.	More pleasant. B. and L. came today by the Boat. She left her mother in 
better health than usual; I sowed peas and other seeds today; J. Trippe also 
came down in the Boat. He has now his third discharge, but it will hardly save 
him from the next conscript officer. Pretty evening. He is sick.
25.	Fine morning, but commenced raining this evening. The 27th anniversary of 
my marriage. Went to see Mrs. B.
26.	Inclement weather. Commenced shirt-making.
27.	Still rainy. The earth is now full of water and farmers have little chance 
to prepare for making a crop. 
28.	Still rainy. Did not go to Yellow Creek today. The smallpox is said to be 
in Centre now. I fear it will yet spread over the country in spite of 
vaccination.

March 1863

1.	1st Sabbath. Clear this morning and windy. B., L. and M. went to church; 
no preaching. O. unwell with cold.
2.	Pretty weather. O. still unwell. Making shirts for Marcellus.
3.	Cloudy. B. and L. spent the day at Mr. Hale's. They heard that John Trippe 
is very sick with pneumonia. Virgil's birthday and the 4th anniversary of 
VirginiaÕs marriage.
4.	Very cold. Virgil took B. down to stay awhile with V. John is much better, 
but still quite sick. I finished weaving.
5.	Still cold. L. and myself spent the day with Mrs. Truitte very pleasantly. 
O. suffering with tooth-ache. Warmer.
6.	Rainy. I commenced a basket of vine-leaf. O. better today.
7 . Still rainy and warm. A storm of wind tonight with thunder and lightning. M. 
went to Centre. Finished my basket--a very nice one.
8.	2nd Sabbath. Showery. Virgil went after Berenice; O. and L. went to Mr. 
Patterson's this evening. B. and V. returned. John is better, but Virginia is 
sick with diarrhea; I fear it will go through the family . A stormy night, the 
Heavens ablaze with lightning.
9.	Still rainy. The earth is flooded with water; commenced sewing for 
Virginia.
10.	Still inclement. The waters are getting very high.
11.	Some appearance of clear weather. Heard of the death of Stephen Hale. B. 
and L. went to see how they are getting on at John's. Found J. and V. both up, 
but the negro girl sick, I and Miss Brewer went to Hale's this evening. M. and 
L. sat up there tonight with the corpse.
12.	Clear and cold. B. and Virgil attended the burial this evening. Hat-
making.
13.	Very cold, Had house-cleaning. Miss B. called.
14.	Clear and warmer. Mr. Neely dined here. B. and L. went to Mr. Davis's to 
attend at Shady Grove tomorrow. Planted potatoes today. O. has toothache.
15.	3rd Sabbath. Cloudy and warm. Spring like weather.
16.	Clear and pretty day. We put our bacon down in ashes. I planted onion 
buttons today.
17.	Fine weather. We put in a piece of blanketing for Marcellus, who will soon 
start to the army. Bedded our potatoes.
18.	Fine warm day. I went to PattersonÕs this morning and got some money 
changed; went to Mr. Hays this evening and settled with him.
19.	Very warm. Heard of the death of Robert Espy's child. The girls went to 
the burial this evening. Commenced planting corn; Columbus's birthday, but he is 
not here to see it. Two years ago he arrived here from La. for his last time.
20.	Rainy and getting cold. Made a blanket for Marcellus .
21.	Still cloudy. B. and O. went to Cedar Hill to attend quarterly meeting. 
Only one preacher in attendance.
22.	4th sabbath. Still cloudy. O. and L. and the boys went to the meeting. 
Still but one preacher; good congregation. Went this evening with B. and L. to 
visit the graves of my mother and sister. This sabbath two years ago, I visited 
them in company with Columbus,
23.	Showery. O. went to Mr. Truitte's this evening. B. and L. to see Mr. 
Patterson, who has returned from Vicksburg on account of bad health; he brought 
a letter from T., who expects to be at home the last of the week; the health of 
the army is said to be good.
24.	Still showery. A storm of wind this evening with heavy rain.
25.	Clear and cool. Got out my cloth. Received a letter from Margaret Espy 
today. They are in good health at present
26.	Clear pretty day. B. and L. spent it at Mr. Finley's. O. came home this 
evening--had a pleasant visit.
27.	Fine day. A fast ordered by the president; no preaching near us; I went 
this evening to see Mr. Patterson; he looks badly.
28.	A great deal of rain last night, and still rainy; a letter from Thomas; he 
will not be at home for some time yet. The Yankees are leaving Vicksburg which 
they have found to be impregnable and will concentrate somewhere else. May a 
higher power turn them back to their own country and leave us in peace which is 
all we desire.
29.	5th Sabbath. Cloudy with high eastern winds and cold. O., and B. and M. 
went to Col. Hale's to see James, who is just returned and will soon leave again 
for the seat of war. I spent some time today reading over old letters of my old 
friends Mrs. Price and Mrs. Smith; while thus engaged I was buried in the past 
amid pleasant recollections of my young years; it would take many volumes to 
record all that has passed since that time. A traveler spent the night here.
30.	Showery and cold. Capt. Echols called for an hour or two. He was not ready 
to settle the claims of Columbus, and does not know when he will be as the 
business has to be transacted at Richmond.
31.	A real March day. Windy and cold. M. went with L. to Wilson's to examine a 
new kind of spinning wheel. O. went this evening to see Mr. Patterson. L. did 
not like the wheel.

April 1863

1.	Clear pretty day, but windy. M. trimming and setting out apple trees. He 
will now soon have to leave the peaceful employments of home for the unhealthy 
and degrading life of a camp; for it seems there is not prospect now of peace 
soon, as the Northwest on whom we depended has failed for this time at least. 
The girls were sent for to Col. Hale's tonight and went.
2.	Pretty morning. I sowed seeds. O. preparing thread for the loom. I never 
knew the wind to be higher than today.
3.	Clear and cool. B. and L. and J. went to church. Elder Goss preached. I 
handed $5 to Capt. Truitte for Elder Hood.
5.	1st Sabbath. Pretty day. B., L., V. and I went to church. Few persons 
there; I went with L. to see Mr. P. this evening. He is better. Thomas arrived 
tonight in good health.
6.	Clear and windy. O. drew in her cloth today. A year ago this afternoon 
Columbus was wounded at the battle of Shiloh; this evening a gay party passed by 
his place of rest, unthinking perhaps, who lay there, and who was once as gay as 
themselves; it consisted of three Miss Mackey's, Miss Hale and our own girls on 
their way to attend a party at Capt. TruitteÕs.
7.	Getting dry. The girls returned this morning much pleased with their 
party. They dined here, and went to see Mr. Patterson. 
8.	Clear and windy. Mr. Davis came to hear from his brother at Vicksburg; we 
planted red Irish potatoes in the garden this evening.
9.	Still clear and cool. Hat-making. A few days ago B. received from Miss 
Cornelia Prier, a cousin of hers with whose mother I was very intimate in youth, 
and with whom I corresponded in after years; this young lady never heard of B. 
till the 29th of March, when her mother was led to look over my letters, a 
similar impulse led me on that same day to read over her letters. Strange 
coincidence! that friends so long parted should be moved in the same way at the 
same time.
10.	Clear and cool.
11.	Getting dry. Parson Nicholson spent the night here.
12.	2nd Sabbath. Cool morning. Virginia and family came today. John is looking 
very badly and has a bad cough; he has to attend at Gadsden on the 14th as the 
board of army surgeons meet then to decide who shall go into the service. He has 
a hard time with them. The baby is the finest kind of a child. They went to 
preaching at Cedar Hill with our young folks. They left Vivia here, as Sis is to 
go with John to Gadsden.
13.	Pretty day. I went with T. and L. to see Cousin Agnes today; found all 
well. Rain tonight.
14.	Rainy day. Set out cabbage plants this evening.
15.	Cloudy. O. and I hat-making.
16.	Clear pretty weather. Our salt came today. I get 73 lbs this time. Planted 
our I. potatoes today.
17.	Pretty day. Hat-making. Miss Hays visited us this evening. Heard today 
that the Board again refused John, which I suppose will be final until some new 
card is turned up. Mrs. Truitte came to see Thomas, and hear from her husband.
18.	Fine weather. The trees are putting out very fast now. T., L. and C. went 
to Shady Grove; finished corn planting. Also planted a good deal of sugar-cane.
19.	Beautiful morning. M. went to Shady Grove. John came for Vivia. Still 
looks badly. The board dismissed him for three months; rain this evening. Mr. 
Davis sent M. and O. home. T. and L. went to Mr. Thornton's. I went to Mr. 
Hays's this evening.
20.	Pretty day. Hat-making. T. and L. came home this evening.
21.	Fine weather. Vegetation is coming on rapidly; T. and L. started to her 
mother's. Mr. Hays came today and sheared my sheep; had a fine turnout of wool. 
B. went to Col. HaleÕs.
22.	Cloudy. Miss Finley, Miss Gray, who is a relation of mine, spent the day 
here. A pretty rain today. Making pants for Marcellus.
23.	Fine day. Mr. Patterson called this morning. On next Sabbath at 3 o'clock 
-ColumbusÕ funeral is to be preached by Elder Hood. The girls went this evening 
to Mr. Stimpson's.
24.	Pretty weather. This afternoon Thomas and Lizzie arrived. It is thought 
her Mother cannot survive much longer, she is now not able to sit up any and is 
fast sinking. M. waited on Dr. Sparks and paid my bill for C's sickness---$32 in 
all.
25.	Fine day and a busy one to us, as the boys are going to start on Monday 
and we must get them ready today; we packed Columbus trunk for them. (T. having 
lost his). I am strongly reminded of the time when I packed it before in Ô59. A 
La. soldier spent the night here. The Miss Hale's the afternoon.
26.	4th Sabbath. Beautiful day. Mr. and Mrs. Davis came this morning. Elder 
Hood, John and Sis to dinner; we all went to Yellow Creek and Elder Hood 
preached the funeral sermon of Columbus from Hebrews 9th Chapter 27th verse. 
ÒAnd as it is appointed once to man to die, but after this the judgment;Ó he 
made a good discourse to the largest congregation I have seen since the war 
commenced. He also spent the night with us. Commenced raining tonight. I am much 
grieved to part with M. who is such a fine boy, to perhaps sicken and die in 
camp-life, or fall in battle. May the good Lord forbid, and bring them to their 
home in peace Ôere long.
27.	Rainy morning. The boys left early, Dick driving them in a light wagon to 
Oxford where they will take the cars. They wish to reach Jacksonville tonight; 
it was a serious thing to see M. start, but then he is with his brother, and I 
ought to be contented. If they can only have health. I will be contented. 
Clearing off this evening, but hard rains again tonight.
28.	Still inclement. A letter came today for T. from Dr. Garland, tie 
superintendent of the Military Academy at Tuscaloosa, to whom T. had written 
proposing to get M. into the school at the next sitting of the board which will 
be on the 5th of June. The Dr. thinks there is no doubt of M. getting the 
appointment and advises that he should not enter the service till the decision 
of the Board can be known. Too late, for M. is before this a member of 31st , I 
presume!
29.	Showery morning, but clear by 12:00. Dick got back and says it rained on 
them nearly all the time; was in a storm on Monday night; I went to HaleÕs with 
Mrs. B. this evening to see about getting copperas; I forwarded the letter to T. 
today.
30.	Fine day. O. took L. down to Dublin, at which place she took the Boat for 
her Mother; a great deal now to do, in the garden which looks finely; hat-
making; we sent off by M. what hats we had on hand and must replenish our stock.

May 1863

1.	Beautiful day for Mayday. The young people have a picnic on the mountain 
today. B. and O. went. Had a large party. Miss O. Finley was crowned queen of 
May, had a pleasant time.
2.	Fine weather. Went with B. to Yellow Creek; few persons there. I little 
thought when I lay down that Ôere the Sabbath dawned my peaceful slumbers would 
be disturbed by a cry of war, but so it was. Peggy, a hired woman at Patterson's 
came about 3 o'clock to tell us that the Yanks were at their house in large 
numbers, had taken their horses and were very insolent; this is dreadful; we lay 
down no more for we expected them every moment, but as a merciful God would have 
it they did not come.
3.	1st Sabbath. A fine morning. Additional news of the devastation committed 
by the enemy; they burnt everything Mr. Blount had except his dwelling, took his 
mule and was there overtaken by Forrest's Cavalry and an action took place 
between them; the Yanks ran wild and were so hotly pursued that they could not 
tarry long in this vicinity; they took every mule Mr. Finley had, also Mr. 
Truitte's and then went on and burned the Iron works , which has been lately 
largely improved; they are now at Chattooga river, and we hear the booming of 
cannon, for our men have again overtaken them; nearly every man in this 
neighborhood has followed after them; the desolating scourge burst on us all in 
a moment. Later. Some of our citizens have returned and bring the welcome news 
of the capture of the enemy 4 miles above Cedar Bluff at the Widow Lawrence, 
there they had stopped to refresh themselves. 1400 prisoners are taken, and the 
horses and mules recaptured. O. and Miss Hays spent the night with Mrs. Truitte, 
who is alone---Mr. T. having gone after his mules.
4.	Warm. B. opened her school this day at Yellow Creek. A. Espy, who is at 
home on furlough called.
5.	Still warm. O. came home this morning. Mrs. T. is much excited this 
evening, sent runners to tell us the Yankees are at Dr. WhiteÕs--15,000 strong 
and will pass through here tonight; all is dismay and confusion; people hiding 
their property; the few men who are left here will conceal themselves for it is 
said they are hanging all between 15 and 45. V. lay out, Dick also. I cannot say 
I was much alarmed, but I looked for them every moment. The night was bright 
moonlight and passed peacefully.
6.	Warm. B. went to school, but soon returned. A boy came to tell her the 
enemy are at hand; a gentleman passed, who contradicted it. The day passed 
quietly; it is now supposed to be the trick of some union men below here to 
frighten the people. The Lord forbid they ever should come here again. Turning 
cool.
7.	Very cool and cloudy. We learn that no such army were in the country at 
all, but it was the diabolical prank of the union people; our men who went to 
Rome for their stock have not returned. John came tonight. The people in his 
neighborhood were much excited.
8.	Still cloudy, but no rain, and very cool. I started a letter to James with 
$15, which I had collected of Jacob Tucker, by Mr. James.
9.	Clear and pleasant. Our men have returned from Rome without getting their 
stock. Col. Forrest giving them the broken down cavalry stock instead. This is 
bad, but I suppose it might have been worse. I went to Mr. PhippsÕs and bought 
spts. of turpentine.
10.	2nd Sabbath. A beautiful serene May morning. M. nature reposes blissfully 
and seems to reproach the warring spirit of man for the confusion now prevailing 
and the devastation now committing. O. and Virgil went to Sabbath School at 
Cedar Hill which is being organized there. Virginia came with the baby and 
little negro-boy; we went to preaching this evening at Cedar Hill.
11.	Dry and warm. Mr. Patterson called; I made a season and set out cabbage 
plants; engaged in weaving.
12.	Warm. I went with Mrs. B. to Hale's to see about our thread, for which we 
sent bacon to get at Boswell mills, Ga.; They rasceled us, and only sent a 
little thread, paying money for the bacon; I got 2 bunches which cost me 14 
dollars each; times are hard indeed, but may they be no worse; Mr. Davis has got 
home, I learn, but has sent no letters from the boys; there has been hard 
fighting at Vicksburg, Gen. Tracy killed, and Col. Hanley taken prisoner; this 
is bad for T. and M. as he was their friend. Gen. Van Dorn, also killed in a 
duel it is said.
13.	Still dry and warm.
14.	Very warm. O. unwell with neuralgia.
15.	Cooler. I am not well myself. B. went home with the Glenn children to 
visit till Mon.
16.	Still dry and cool. O. quite unwell today; we set out slips this evening 
by watering I visited Mrs. B.
17.	3rd Sabbath. Pretty morning, we found our best lamb dead this morning and 
it was the finest I ever saw; a considerable loss now that wool is worth $3 per 
lb. Virgil went to Sabbath School; John came with Vivia bringing the mule home.
18.	Cool and no prospect of rain; Mr. Patterson called; a letter from the boys 
dated 3rd. They were well and M. was at the convalescent camp. T. not liking for 
him to go into a battle as he is undrilled. Gen. Tracy was killed on the 1st and 
Col. H. was wounded and in the hands of the enemy. They were still fighting. B. 
received a letter from Miss Price.
19.	Still cool. I got out my cloth today. Wrote to the boys.
20.	Pleasant. Mrs. Rudd went with me to Mrs. Morgan's to get wool; she holds 
her wool at $4.50 per lb. I got 1 lb. at $3. A letter came from the boys dated 
the 10th. M. has entered the service; he writes they had a tiresome time getting 
there; they are now at Warrenton near Vicksburg; not much to eat, and in front 
of the enemy, but in good health; God help them; how I would like to send them 
something good to eat; it is peculiarly hard on Tibby, for he never knew 
privation before; Thos. can favor himself a great deal.
21.	Pleasant day; Mrs. Perkins who is a second cousin of mine, and Mrs. 
Finley, spent the day with us; had english-peas and beets today.
22.	Still cool. O., who has not been well for some time, had a right bad spell 
this morning, complains of her throat very much and is otherwise much affected 
by cold; much shocked to hear of Col. Hale being burnt out last night; his 
commodious dwelling, kitchen and smoke-house all destroyed. He thinks it the 
work of an incendiary; either of the union men or deserters; there are plenty of 
them hiding on the mountain; I fear much mischief will be done by them. 
Commenced mixing wool and cotton, for the boys summer clothes.
23.	Still dry. O. seems better today; we set out slips by watering.
24.	4th Sabbath. Clear and fine morning; a rain would be so acceptable now; 
still it is good for this wheat; the dry weather; no rust yet; news from the 
south that there never was so much wheat made before for the cotton lands are 
now in grain; it is thought there is enough made to supply the confederacy two 
years; B. and V. went to Sabbath-School and church. Mrs. B., Mrs. Isham here 
this evening.
25.	Pleasant day; commenced spinning the mixed filling. O. improving but has a 
bad cough and is very weak.
26. Still dry. News by the boat that they are still fighting at Vicksburg.
27.	Dry, but pleasant weather. Miss Rudd visited us this evening.
28.	Wind from the east, another excitement; a body of negroes passed 
Patterson's today, and the citizens are after them; commenced raining this 
evening and it is welcome. B. dismissed her school till Monday.
29.	Still rainy. I warped my thread today. O. not much better of her cough, 
and does not gain strength much.
30.	Showery. Mrs. Truitte spent the day here. She had Mrs. Kyle's little boy 
with her; quite a pleasant child; Mrs. T. has no children of her own; sent a few 
things to the Hale family; advices from Vicksburg to the 23; the Yankees have 
made several assaults on the city, but was repulsed every time; with great loss 
too; a desperate attempt will be made to get that place as it is all they lack 
of having the entire length of the Mississippi. A mess of beans today.
31.	5th Sabbath. A beautiful morning. All nature seems revived, and vegetation 
which has been taking root deeply during the dry weather, is now growing most 
rapidly; accounts from all parts of the country state that the wheat never was 
finer; V. went to Sabbath-School; O. much better; Miss M. Shackleford called.

June 1863

1.	Fine day. O. and I drew in our jeans and commenced weaving; it is very 
pretty; moon eclipsed tonight, but did not see it.
2.	Pleasant weather. I let Mr. Patterson have a mule to convey a refugee from 
Corinth to Wills Valley; there are plenty of them in the country now; hunting 
homes; having had to flee from the Yankees.
3.	Still fine weather; I never had a better garden; I think of M., who, while 
we, have so many vegetables, is doing without any, or anything else good to eat; 
I fear. Would the Lord strike confusion into the hearts of our enemies, and turn 
them back to their own country. Mrs. Hays spent the evening here.
4.	Pleasant. Mr. P. called this evening; he thinks our wheat will be ready to 
cut on Monday. Our oats is also very good.
5.	Rainy day. Mrs. J. Baines buried at Yellow Creek today. Virgil went round 
and engaged hands for harvest. The birthday of Marcellus; may all be well with 
him today.
6.	Cloudy, but as the day advanced became clear, the boys helped Mr. P. and 
Mrs. B. with their harvesting; did not go to church.
7.	1st sabbath. Pretty morning; V. went to Sabbath-school; the girls to 
Yellow Creek; Parsons Goss and Hood both there; we finished the testament this 
morning's lesson; this evening we received the sad news of Tibby being wounded 
on the 18th of last month; through Mr. Means who was with him in the action; our 
men were fighting behind trees and there were several boys behind one tree -- M. 
of the number; seeing a tree not far off where he thought he would be better 
situated he ran for it, but as he reached it, Means heard him say, "Lord have 
mercy" and at the same time he fell. When M. looked again he had gotten up, and 
his next sight of him, was upon a horse and Thomas walking before him; M. thinks 
by that his wound was slight, but I awfully fear to the contrary; Poor fellow!!! 
his sufferings are great for the want of water and something that he can eat, if 
he is alive, what a mercy that Thomas was near at hand to attend to him. I 
cannot describe my feelings; I do not expect to hear from him soon, as the enemy 
is between us, and I much fear I shall not hear of him again in life. It was 3 
weeks ago yesterday since he was wounded. God help us all. and send our cruel 
enemies back to their own country.
8.	Pretty day. We commenced our harvest today. Mr. Rudd helping, Mr. Truitte, 
Mr. Hale, Mr. Glenn, Mr. Patterson also sent hands. Our wheat is good, also is 
our oats, for which I am thankful; I went to Dublin this evening to attend to 
the storage in V.'s place, but the boat did not come; it came at night and 
brought corn for soldierÕs families.
9.	Fine day. I dreamed last night, or rather this morning, that Thomas 
brought Tibby home in his coffin; when I waked I did not feel glad, as I usually 
do, that it was only a dream for I feared it was an awful reality. I will try to 
be patient, and wait a letter from Thomas. Cheering news comes now from 
Vicksburg, our forces are said to be victorious. Mrs. Nicholson and son spent 
the night here.
10.	A close rainy morning. Our boys cutting oats this evening. Mr. Brewer came 
home today very sick.
11.	Still rainy. A bad time for harvest. O. went round this evening and 
engaged some hands for Saturday. I went to see Mr. B.
12.	Pretty day. Mr. Finley sent a hand today. Finished the seed wheat.
13.	Pleasant day. Mr. Hays cut for us today. Mr. B. not any better. It seems 
we can get no news from Vicksburg. I called at Mr. Hale's this morning.
14.	2nd Sabbath. Beautiful morning. We commenced, as a class, reading the Book 
of Job. O. and Virgil went to Cedar Hill, from thence O. went to Mr. MackeyÕs.
15.	Fine weather. Mr. B. is improving.
16. Very warm. Got out my jeans. A fine piece of cloth too. It will have to lie 
till I hear from Tibby; Lizzie came this evening with Master McNair; her mother 
is much better. She has heard nothing of T. lately.
17.	Warm. Getting cloudy.
18.	Cloudy and very warm.
19.	Cloudy. Hat-making. Went to see Mr. B. this morning. He is mending fast; 
finished our oats today.
20.	Still very warm. O. and L. went to Shady Grove; A letter came from Dr. 
Garland dated 9th. He says M. was elected to a Cadetship in the Ala. University; 
poor fellow! it seems so unfortunate that he entered the service. Lizzie joined 
the Church today. I sent V. down there to bring the buggy back as we will want 
the mule tomorrow to convey the rest of us to attend the baptism; our other mule 
sick tonight; but I hope not much, however.
21.	3rd Sabbath. Rainy morning, but appeared like breaking off, and we started 
to Shady Grove, but had not gone far when it recommenced raining fast, and we 
came back and gave it up. It ceased again in a short time and is a pretty day. 
The girls came home this evening; not much at Mr. Davis's.
22.	Fine pleasant day; spent the forenoon with Mrs. Rudd; went to Dublin this 
evening in company with Miss J. Patterson. The boat brought no news. From the 
last accounts Vicksburg is in close siege; a fight is also daily expected in 
Tenn. Making a hat for Vivia.
23.	Fine day. O. and L. visited Mrs. Truitte this evening.
24.	Cloudy. I visited Mrs. Hale today; they are now in their new house; quite 
comfortable but not like they have been situated. We are trying to arrange 
matters in order to get our part of Government salt; showery; the third 
anniversary of Mr. Espy's death.
25.	Still cloudy. O. and myself went to see Virginia. Her children are not 
well; B. quite unwell with cold and pain in the breast.
26.	Still rainy. I fear our grain which is still in the fields will be 
injured; we are getting much behind with our crops, for it rains so much we 
cannot work it; I let Dublin out to Mr. Hollis today; he is to give us half the 
profits; B. no better.
27.	Inclement; B. sent and had Dr. Pratt to see her today. He thinks she is 
threatened with pneumonia, tremendous rains today. Mr. Patterson in this 
evening.
28.	4th Sabbath. Still cloudy, but cooler; O., L., and Virgil went to Cedar 
Hill. John and Virginia came today. Vivia is very proud of her hat, which is 
indeed a very pretty one.
29.	Still cloudy and as it is too wet to plow I went with L. first to the 
tanyard where I purchased upper leather at $1.25 per lb., then to Mr. Howard's 
where we bought wool at $2 per lb. O. rested none tonight with toothache.
30.	Cloudy; O. not any better. She and L. went to Centre to get her teeth 
drawn, but the Dr. was not at home; they saw a gentleman from Vicksburg, who saw 
Tibbie after he was wounded and says it was on!y a slight flesh wound, and that 
they had time enough to get to Vicksburg. This is cheering, for we feared they 
were prisoners. Showery.

July 1863

1.	Still unsettled weather; Dr. Pratt came today and took out three teeth for 
O. also prescribed for B., who is better.
2.	Still rainy; B. still improving; Mr. and Mrs. B., R. Espy and wife here 
this evening; we were startled again last evening with the news that the Yanks 
were coming on us, but it; was a mistake; it was our cavalry instead, for which 
we were thankful, rumours are easily started now.
3.	Very warm and showery; B. mending; Mrs. Rudd, E. and C. Finley here this 
evening.
4.	Showery; did not go to church today. Virgil unwell; O. and L. went to Mr. 
P's this evening; they sent me a fine treat of honey; news from Vicksburg is 
cheering; our forces are also pushing northwards; have taken several places in 
Pennsylvania and a general panic has seized the country at their approach.
5.	1st Sabbath. Warm. L. and I went to church; Elder Goss preached to a small 
congregation; P. called with a letter for Olivia.
6. 	Very warm. Hard rains this evening. Hat-making.
7. 	Sultry. Rains this evening. Misses Hale and Mackey spent the night here.
8. 	Cloudy with showers. Hat-making. Commenced hauling in wheat.
9.	Very warm. Finished getting in our wheat. I helped pack it away; it is 
impossible to hire help now, men are so scarce. O. and L. went to Hale's to a 
public speaking. Dr. Ralls spoke; he is a candidate for Congress. I forgot to 
mention receiving a letter from Dr. Garland on the 7th in which he says that it 
is against their rules to keep open a place for Tibbie. I am sorry, but it may 
be for the best, heard this evening that Vicksburg has fallen, but hope it is 
not true.
10.	Extremely warm. I visited Mrs. B. this evening.
11.	Still warm; a soldier called, barefooted, and lame; we sent him a few 
miles on his way.
12.	2nd Sabbath. Warm. I went with O. to Cedar Hill. Parson Nicholson preached 
to a small congregation; it is now thought to be certain that Vicksburg has 
surrendered; I am anxious to hear farther, and at the same time afraid to hear. 
Fine rain today.
13.	Showery. B. resumed her school. 2 Hat-making; B. went to Mr. Finley's 
tonight.
14.	Still cloudy, and what is strange at this time of the year, quite smoky; 
it is said that Vicksburg has fallen, the garrison was starved out, having lived 
for some time on mule meat, and were so weak that they staggered on coming out 
like drunken men. [Something missing, unreadable]. Poor fellow! they suffered 
greatly; our officers were allowed to retain their property and our troops 
marched out with colors flying. Gen. Pemberton made his escape with 200 cavalry 
before the capture. I much fear he has not done his duty there. It seems that 
some of our generals are too fond of fortifying cities and then giving them up 
to the enemy.
15.	Clear hot, smoky; I. Reeves came today for Lizzie; it is thought her 
mother nearly gone; I went this evening to see a traveling thrasher in 
operation, and to Mr. Hay's to see a sick child.
16.	Smoke still continues; O. went to Mr. Truitt's; a refugee from Tenn. dined 
here; he intends stopping in this vicinity; a soldier also dined here; hat-
making.
17.	Warm and smoky; visited the child again this morning with Mrs. Rudd; it is 
much worse and died this evening; the roads are full of Refugees and soldiers; 
Rome is being fortified. 10,000 troops are quartered there; it is said the enemy 
have also taken Charleston, and are bombarding Chattanooga; it seems they are 
straining every nerve to crush us, and the death struggle!e is now to be made; 
would an all-powerful God stand up for our help, they would yet be put to 
confusion; but it seems he has given us over into the hand of our cruel foe.
18.	Getting dry; O. came home this morning; she had plaited shucks and Mrs. T. 
made her a beautiful hat and trimmed it quite fancifully; I went to Mr. Hays's 
to assist in preparing the child for burial; commenced plaiting straw for a hat; 
Mr. P. called; the girls went to Mr. Davis's.
19.	3rd Sabbath. Still smoky. V. went to Sabbath School; it is very quiet here 
today with no one but V. and I. I wish it would rain. The girls came back this 
evening.
20.	Warm; I called at Mr. P's and also went to the tanyard; 20 soldiers camped 
here tonight. I did not like it much, for I have no forage to spare; still I 
would rather they had it than the enemy, and we are looking for them daily, but 
may the good Lord forbid them to come.
21.	Cloudy and two pretty showers today; two soldiers here tonight; there is 
great excitement among the people at the rumoured approach of the foe, and the 
wealthy are preparing to leave, taking their slaves with them; it is said that 
10,000 have crossed the Tenn. on their way to Rome and will of course, pass 
through this county; it would be a great distress to me to have to leave my home 
and be a wanderer. I have no idea of trying it, but will stay here trusting in 
God to preserve me and my helpless family from the hand of violence.
22.	Very warm; finished Virgil's hat; he is well pleased with it, the 
excitement increases among the people and I fear that some people will injure 
themselves.
23.	Warm. The neighbors helped us thresh wheat today, but we did not finish 
owing to the breaking of the shaft. On this day last year Columbus left us for 
the last time, and when we saw him again he was sick and pale, and did not look 
like himself.
24.	Still warm. Mr. B. worked on our thresher this morning; had house-cleaning 
today; many soldiers passing.
25.	Very warm; finished our wheat; I visited some refugees this evening by the 
name of Pyron who have stopped in this neighborhood, was pleased with them; Mr. 
De Lisle, Gen. Harper, Dr. Arlington spent the night here; John and Virginia 
also came, and about ten to our great joy Thomas and Marcellus reached home. M. 
is nearly well of his wound, but is pale and thin; he was wounded in the back by 
a minie ball from a cross fire; the ball came out where it went in, owing to 
having struck against the spine, which no doubt, saved his life; T. also is very 
thin and is not well; they suffered a good deal at Vicksburg, but, not so bad as 
we had heard; the place was surrendered on the 4th July, and they remained then 
till the 11th before their turn came to be paroled; the army had to march across 
the state of Mississippi as Johnston was compelled to have the railroad. T. had 
a horse, and he and M. got on very well; The Yankees treated them very well; how 
I wish this awful war would end but the prospect is gloomy now.
26.	4th Sabbath. Warm day. Virginia and Olivia and Vivia went to Cedar Hill. 
Two soldiers dined here; a good many friends came in today to see the boys and 
hear the news. A fine rain tonight, but not near enough.
27.	Very warm; Several in today; we looked for L. by the Boat, but she did not 
come.
28.	Still warm; V. and Dick started to mill at Galesville this evening. T. 
started to Mr. McNeely's. The girls at Mr. Hale's and Mr. P. came this evening. 
M. is very languid and is far from being well.
29.	Somewhat cloudy. We are needing rain very much now; sowed cabbage seeds; 
Mr. Truitte called; the boys came from mill; had good luck and got fine flour.
30.	Very warm. M. went down to JohnÕs; a shower this evening. Making pants for 
M.
31.	Still warm. M. came home this evening; John does not start to the army 
till next week. T. came back this evening. L. will be down on the next boat.

August 1863

1.	Very warm. T., B., and myself went to Yellow Creek, Elder H. there; but 
did not preach, as there were so few people; he came with us to dinner and he 
and T. went to Mr. Truitte's and spent the night. A fine rain this evening. O. 
sold a dozen hats today at $2 a piece.
2.	1st Sabbath. Cloudy. Our class read this morning beginning with the 14th 
of Job. It has been some time since M. read this with me. The young people went 
to church. T. preached to a large congregation. A tremendous rain came on as 
they came home; M. and Mrs. Pyron, Mr. and Mrs. Davis, Mr. L. Davis, Mrs. Hays 
and daughters, Mrs. Whitton took dinner here.
3.	A very warm day. T. and M. went to the election. Mr. G. Davis came after 
Olivia to go to his uncle's to visit his sister. M. met Lizzie this evening at 
Dublin and brought her home; she says the children grieved at her leaving them 
for they will be lonely now their mother is gone--poor things!
4.	Still warm. At work on a hat for Virginia.
5.	Sultry; L. and myself visited Mrs. Pyron this evening. O. came home. 
Thunder clouds.
6.	Still warm. Sowed turnip-seed this morning. Rain today.
7.	Cloudy. T. and L. started to Georgia to visit the relations there. Mrs. 
Finley sent for me, and I passed the day with her. People are now holding 
themselves in readiness to leave the country whenever they hear of the approach 
of the enemy. I do not feel like I wish to do that, but feel more like trying to 
stay at home and take whatever Providence may send; I do not know where I could 
go, or how, with so large a family and no one to lead for us. It will be ruin to 
either go or stay, I fear. Rainy.
8.	Very warm. M. and the girls went to a party at Mr. Truitte's. Parson Goss 
spent the day here, they are going to move to Georgia; M. returned this evening. 
Our old dog Neptune was killed today.
9.	2nd Sabbath. Clear morning. Mrs. Pyron here this evening. The girls came 
home; some soldiers here tonight.
10.	Warm. Filled our dryers with peaches.
11.	Sultry. At work on a shirt for M. He is improving now in his looks, but he 
hurt his wound yesterday and it is now sore again. A traveler here tonight. A 
great rain today.
12.	Warm. Made Virginia's hat.
13. Sultry. T. and L. came home this evening much pleased with their Ga. trip. 
Left the relatives well. Mrs. Mackey spent the day here. A good deal of rain 
today.
14.	 Very warm. Making pants for Virgil.
15.	Still very warm. Capt. and Mrs. Truitte spent the day here. T. went to 
Shady Grove. Parson Goss was assaulted and badly hurt by T. Davis this morning, 
we learnt.
16.	3rd Sabbath. Sultry day. T., L., and B., and Y. went to Shady Grove. M. 
returned to dinner. Good congregation, he says; T. preached. Rain this evening. 
The others did not return.
17.	Warm. T. and L. returned this morning. Soldiers called and demanded food 
for their horses, and I had to furnish it. We refilled our dryers with fruit. 
Mrs. Pyron visited us this evening.
18.	Still warm. Making jacket for Marcellus.
19.	Warm. Mrs. P. spent the day with us; O. went home with her. A gentlemen 
and little girl here tonight.
20.	 Very warm. Miss Hale, Miss Mackey here this evening.
21.	Cloudy. A fast-day appointed by the President; we went to Shady Grove. T. 
preached to a small congregation.
22.	Very warm. Put out more fruit; the boys were arranging things to start 
back on Monday but orders have come for them to meet at Blue Mountain on the 
21st. I am glad of that for one week more will be an advantage to M. whose 
wounds are not well yet; B. and L. visited Mrs. P. this evening.
23.	4th Sabbath. Sultry. O. B., and M. went to Cedar Hill. Mr. Pyron called 
this evening. O., B., and M. went to Mr. B.Õs this evening.
24.	Very warm and dry. Parson Lucy buried this morning at Cedar Hill with 
Masonic honors. Marcellus and the girls attended; he saw Lieut. Davis there, and 
their orders now are to start to the seat of war on Thursday. T. came home 
tonight. Put out our last peaches this evening.
25.	Still dry and warm. Rain this morning and getting cooler. Getting the boys 
ready for their start. Making starch.
26.	Cooler. Col. Hale came this evening and T. rented Dublin to him for the 
use of the Government at which place the tithe grain for this section will be 
collected; his daughters also came with several gentlemen on their way to Capt. 
Truitte's. O. went with them. M. went this evening to bid Sis goodbye, on his 
return he also went to the Captain's, B. spent the night with Mrs. Pyron whose 
husband was absent. 
27.	Clear and dry. The young people returned this morning, and after dinner T. 
and M. took their leave of us and started back to camp; their regiment is to 
meet at Talladega and as they have not been exchanged yet, it is thought that 
they will be furloughed back home again. May it be so! They have had a pleasant 
visit at home for which I am thankful, still I would rejoice for them to return 
for M. is not sufficiently recovered for military duty. They go with Mr. 
Patterson. Dick going with them to drive. On this day four months ago they left 
home. A singular coincidence. May the good Lord bring them back ere long in 
health and peace.
28.	Still warm and dry. Went to visit Mr. Blevins who is sick. Mrs. Pyron here 
this evening.
29.	Nights are cool now, and days very warm. I went to see Mr. Hollis this 
morning about my syrup, he (agreed ) to do it, and I had to find the kettle; 
Mrs. Truitte came for O. this evening to stay with her as the Capt. is absent. 
B. and L. went to Shady Grove taking a coat for Lieut. Hugg.
30.	5th Sabbath. Very cool morning. It seems more like October than August. O. 
came home this morning and went to Cedar Hill to hear Mr. Neely preach the 
funeral sermon of Mr. Wilder.
31.	Very warm. Busy on the coat which I find a considerable job.

September 1863

1.	Still dry and warm. O. went with Miss Brewer to Hale's, and thence to the 
camp-ground to see the soldiers drill, a fine body of men being encamped there. 
Mr. Wilson escorted her home; finished the coat.
2.	Warm. Went to visit Mrs. Pyron, but found her packing to leave, as they 
heard this morning that the Yankees are near Lebanon, which makes them 
unpleasantly near to us. I went to Patterson's this evening; from the news we 
hear now, the enemy will reach here tomorrow.
3.	Still dry and dusty; cavalry are passing almost constantly and it seems 
they are leaving the country to its fate instead of protecting it; there are 
none here now, but the enemy may come and find no one to dispute their passage. 
Finished a lady's hat. M. came home on a 15 days furlough to our great joy.
4.	No sign of rain; the root crops are suffering badly; I went with Mrs. 
Finley to Centre today, which seems strange, as we are looking for the Yankees 
this evening, but we both had business to attend to, and thought it best to 
delay not. I wished to dispose of my wheat and beef cattle; I partially traded 
with Judge Marshall; Thomas came tonight all quiet so far, but our pickets say 
the Yankees are slowly advancing; when I lie down at night I feel thankful for 
the privilege and fearful that by another night I may have no bed or home. God 
have mercy on as and rebuke our enemies. I paid Dr. Pratt $13 for attendance on 
Berenice.
5.	Still dry and warm. We sent Virgil after V. and the children. They came 
and are in good health; this evening Mr. Hays came to tell us the enemy is 
getting very near--we considered it best to send our negroes and horses away, 
consequently, M. and V. went with them to cross the river and stay till we can 
see farther what to do.
6.	1st Sabbath. Very warm. M. came back this morning. It is doubtful now, 
whether the enemy will come this way; some may not, but will cross the mountain 
higher up. May they do so. I am sorry for the citizens however.
7.	M. and V. both returned this morning. V. to take Sis and the children home 
and return to the camp; the news from Wills Valley much the same. Made a pair of 
Confederate or cloth shoes today; had a shoemaker to prepare soles.
8.	Still very warm; V. and the negroes returned this morning. Dr. Green, a 
refugee, from W. Valley passed here seeking a safer place for his slaves and 
stock; he is much distressed are are also other he left behind him; he says he 
is worse hurt with some of his neighbors than with the Yankees for they acted as 
pilots for the Yankees, a miserable condition for a county to be in, when a part 
of the inhabitants are leagued against the other part. L. drawing in a piece of 
cloth. Picket guards are stationed now at every crossroad. Mr. Hale bought my 
wheat as Government agent.
9.	Dry and warm. Two of the pickets came to breakfast; they have heard that 
the Yankees are at Blue Pond, 5 miles from here. I hope it is not true; Mr. 
Tucker called today; he says that a negro offered insolence to one of his nieces 
on Monday; this is not more than may be looked for; I learn that 3 of Mr. 
Truitte's have left him; no further account from Blue Pond.
10.	Vegetation is drying up rapidly; we are needing rain very much now; Lizzie 
commenced weaving this morning. Dr. Green passed this evening; he says the enemy 
made a descent on Alpine in Chattooga Ct. and killed and captured the 4th Ga. 
Reg., which was stationed there. They have a heavy force advancing, but which 
way they will take remains to be seen.
11.	Still very warm. No further news. Jane unwell today. Mr. L. Hale here this 
evening; he finished paying O. for her horse.
12.	Very warm. The Yankee force still at Alpine. It is expected that the 
picket will be thrown out here; people are excited; Mr. Finley has taken a part 
of his negroes over the river, and Mr. Truitte is gone with all his family; five 
of his slaves have left him however; how hard it seems, when people have to 
leave their homes and all their abundance to the hand of the enemy; Mrs. F. sent 
this evening for the girls to come and stay with her. B. and L. went; T. went 
below here to a meeting. O. visited at Mr. Patterson's.
13.	2nd Sabbath. A slight rain last night; very warm day. A quiet Sabbath day, 
which I have learnt to regard as a blessing. O. and I sat awhile with Mrs. Rudd 
this evening.
14.	Still very warm. Four soldiers stayed here tonight; they are going towards 
the Yankee camps as scouts. We hear various accounts and but little truth in 
any, I fear.
15.	Still sultry; T. came home today. He has bought a tract of land in Calhoun 
County for the sum of $2,000.
16.	Sent 20 bushels wheat to Dublin today which I sold to the agent at $5 per 
bushel. I also sent 8 bushel in tithe-wheat, as we now have to give the 10th of 
all we make to government. I went to see Mrs. B. who is sick. Feeling unwell 
today.
17.	Warm. I have not been much out of bed today. I am taking severe cold; 
Parson Hood here tonight. We hear the enemy is retreating; it seems that they 
are hurried.
18.	Cooler; I feel better this morning; T. went with the Parson to the 
mountain. Two of the scouts returned today; they were at the Yankee-camp, but 
saw no Yankee; They say that they did a good deal of mischief in that vicinity.
19.	Very cool which seems strange as it is so dry. T., L. and O. went to Shady 
Grove; Mr. Wilkes called; B. went to Hale's.
20.	3rd Sabbath. Frost this morning, which I think is earlier than I have ever 
known it before; M. and V. went to Shady Grove. Several to be baptized there 
today; it is really cold today; Capt. Nix, and Lieut. Patterson came this 
morning to inform the boys that they must start to Talladega on Tuesday evening, 
their company having been exchanged. This is short notice. They also brought the 
welcome news of the enemy having evacuated Chattanooga and are now crossing the 
Tennessee river, our troops will doubtless follow as Bragg now has a large army.
21.	Very cool. Busy preparing M. to start tomorrow. Thomas will remain awhile 
longer. Miss Patterson here this evening.
22.	Still dry and cool. T. and L. started to Mr. McNeely's this morning; after 
dinner Tibbie left; he goes with Lieut. Patterson and several others, Dick going 
to drive them to Blue Mountain. May the Lord go with him, and return him soon in 
health and peace; five soldiers called, and had late dinner.
23.	Cool and dry. Dyeing thread for dresses; it is no light job as so few 
ingredients can be bought; four soldiers here for dinner; they are passing 
almost continually.
24.	Still extremely dry; the fall crops are cut off; heard from the battle of 
Chattanooga; our troops were driving the enemy before them and making a fearful 
slaughter, but it is at the cost of many valuable lives; Lanford Hampton, James 
Walker, Jasper Mountain, Lieut. Huffman and Lieut. High, of this vicinity were 
slain of Sabbath evening, at which time the fight raged with its greatest fury; 
this evening brother Joe Espy arrived; he came to bring R. Espy, who is wounded 
but not very badly; he confirms the account of the total rout of the Yankees; 
they had pursued them about 5 miles when Bob was wounded and he passed over the 
battle ground on his return; the slaughter was dreadful he says; the ground 
covered with the slain.
25.	Cool. J. Espy left early. O. going with him. She has long wished to go, 
but the unsettled state of the country prevented; T. came after dinner; he got 
my wool nicely carded which he took to the factory; Mrs. Finley visited us this 
evening.
26.	Still clear and dry; I called at Mr. Rudd's this morning; I am anxious to 
hear from Chattanooga.
27.	4th Sabbath. Clear fine day. T. went to see R. Espy. B. and myself went 
this evening to Mr. HollisÕ. 
28.	Dry and warmer. Commenced wool spinning.
29.	Still dry. Nothing further from Chattanooga; B. spent the night at Mr. 
Hale's.
30.	Cloudy, with light showers; Rob. Espy dined here; he looks well enough but 
cannot use his right hand, his shoulder being very sore; It is said that many of 
our wounded are still on the battle-field; the people of this section starts a 
wagon tomorrow with supplies to them. We are cooking our mite today, also 
getting T. ready for his start tomorrow. A good deal of rain tonight.

October 1863

1.	Rainy day; I paid to Thomas as Admr. $33.25; after an early dinner he 
started to Mr. McNeely's taking Dick to bring back the buggy. I wrote to Tibbie 
by him.
2. 	Clear fine day. Dick got back today, left all well at the Parson's. The 
Misses Howard called this evening. I sold to one of them a hat; cool night.
3.	Fine pleasant day; I went with Miss Rudd to Yellow Creek; a man by the 
name of Bates preached to a few people; he is, I learn a refugee from Tenn.; 
Mrs. Horton, Miss Hale called this evening.
4.	1st Sabbath. Clear cool day. B. and I went to church; small congregation; 
we now hear that our troops have completely surrounded Chattanooga and will 
shell the city; several men of this vicinity have just returned the battle 
field.
5.	Fine weather. B. went to preaching tonight at Mr. Hays's.
6.	Beautiful day; I went to Mrs. Cumby's this evening to get her to do some 
weaving for me, but she already has as much on hand as she can attend; she gave 
me a pair of cotton-cards, which was a great gift as cards are not to be had 
now; selling at $50 the few that are brought, but I shall amply repay her for 
them.
7.	Rainy day: received a letter from M. by Doc. Hill; he again camps near 
Demopolis, in a place which is subject to overflow and he says it has rained for 
two days; his letter was dated 1st October. I wrote to him on that day.
8.	Light frost; fine day; making harness for double weaving. Commenced 
gathering corn.
9.	Fine day. A letter came yesterday from a gentleman of Baker o. (state 
unclear)-he wished to buy a lot of land belonging to the estates in Early Co. 
There is no one here to attend to him, and besides this is no time to sell land.
10.	Fine day. I went to Mr. Hudgens this evening, and called at Mr. PhippÕs to 
see Mother Echols, who is sick.
11.	2nd Sabbath. Beautiful weather; Visited Mrs. B. this evening.
12.	Fine day; went to Mrs. Rudd's this evening to warp my jeans, my bars 
having given out.
13.	Cloudy; drew in my cloth and commenced weaving.
14.	Rainy; tremendous rains this evening with wind.
15.	Still rainy; ceased raining and I went to the tan yard but got no leather; 
Virginia came this evening to get help about gathering her crop; it is a bad 
change but we must try to do it. Mrs. Finley came also, and brought a coat for 
me to make, hard rains again.
16.	Cloudy; worked on the coat; a soldier dined here.
17.	Fair and warm; finished the coat this evening.
18.	3rd Sabbath. Rainy with winds; B. went this evening to Mr. B.
19.	Clear fine weather; gathering corn; a soldier dined here.
20.	Pretty day. 3 soldiers dined here; busy weaving.
21.	Warm; I sent the boys and wagon down to help gather VirginiaÕs crop; got 
out my jeans; rain this evening.
22.	Clear day and very warm; I went again to the tan-yard and this time bought 
leather; I am to give bacon for it at the old price, the leather at the old 
price, also.
23.	Rainy day; this evening the boys came back without doing much; V.'s crops 
is very fine; very cool.
24.	Cloudy and cool; I molded candles today.
25.	4th Sabbath. Cool; Elder Hood preached this morning at Mr. Hollis's; B. 
and Virgil attended; I wrote to Tibbie today.
26.	Pretty cool; cut clothing for the boys; and commenced making a jacket for 
Virgil; Mrs. Hampton called.
27.	Still cool; Mr. Reeves came today to take Marcellus's horse on an offer 
made by M. to him nearly two months ago; he, being obliged to leave and not 
liking to risk the horse on account of thieves offered him to Reeves at 300 
dollars; I did not like to let him go at that for it was nothing like his value 
but so many horses are being stolen I was afraid to keep him; I think Reeves 
used subtility knowing our situation. He, with all the appointments that are in 
Hardwick's gift, can stoop to despoil a soldier boy of his only horse. Shame, 
shame, on all such. And yet the country is full of just such people, going 
about, seeking whom they may despoil.
28.	Cloudy, but cleared off today; Mr. Hollis dined here; Cyrus Smith an old 
acquaintance came this evening; he was with Wheeler in his late Tenn. raids; his 
command camped at Croft's and he obtained leave and came to see us; he is a fine 
intelligent young man; they captured a great deal of property but had to burn 
the wagons and shoot the mules; he had several little things and was very 
liberal, giving to Berenice a portfolio, and to Virgil a pistol worth a hundred 
dollars; he came in 30 miles of home but did not get to go there.
29.	Cold and clear; a good many soldiers passing, Cyrus left this morning; I 
would have been glad if he could have rested a few days; John Trippe called; he 
also was with Wheeler, and brought away a good many little things (but valuable 
now) for there is none in the country to be had; two soldiers spent the night 
here; rain tonight; weaving flannel.
30.	Rainy day; Mr. Walker, an old acquaintance, dined here; he had run from 
Chattanooga with his male-slaves and is at the Tatum Place digging for coal but 
finds none; is a government agent; a soldier here tonight; V. came up today for 
an hour perhaps and B. went home with her.
31.	A gloomy morning, cleared off by twelve; cold night; sent V. to cousin 
James today to get wool but got none.

November 1863

1.	1st Sabbath. Somewhat cloudy; went with Virgil to Yellow Creek; Elder H. 
preached to a small congregation; went this evening to see Miss Patterson who is 
sick. B. came home today.
2.	Fine warm weather; sowing rye.
3.	Clear and warm; finished the rye; two soldiers here tonight;
4.	Still warm; I went to Mr. Rudd's to warp our dresses. I sent the boys down 
to finish gathering V.'s crop;
5.	Cloudy and soon commenced raining; we drew in our cloth this evening.
6.	Cloudy but no rain today; we were a little frightened tonight by some 
person being round; looking we supposed for horses; no one here but B. and I and 
Jane; a great many thieves in the country now.
7.	Clear and pleasant; the boys came home this evening; Virginia and the 
children with them; the baby is walking now; Vivia is very fond of him and calls 
him "boy" all the time.
8. 	2nd Sabbath. Getting cold; V. and B. and Virgil went to Cedar Hill this 
morning taking Vivia with them. Virgil and I went this evening with V. that far; 
Mr. Nicholson preached to a small congregation; considerable feeling among the 
people; colder.
9.	Very cold; I find my weaving a very serious job; it is very fine and 
troublesome; I called at Mr. Hays; I am very anxious to hear from the boys. I 
suppose them to be at Chattanooga; Lizzie came tonight, her brother John is with 
her.
10.	Still cold; an old gentleman stopped today to rest till morning; we killed 
a fine beef this evening; Mr. Hays attended to it; I sold all but one quarter at 
25 cts. per pound which is the government price; he was worth 150 dollars in 
all.
11.	Very cold; our traveler left this morning; I am sorry that I did not learn 
his name, he is such a gentlemanly man; had a corn-shucking tonight but got but 
little done, as the negroes would not work and there was no one to compel them; 
a soldier died last night at Mr. Hollis's.
12.	Still cold and clear; we got our corn in the crib this morning and 
commenced sowing wheat this evening; we are late with it; but there is so much 
to do for other people that it could not be otherwise; B. went to H.'s tonight 
to a candy-pulling.
13.	Cold; B. returned this morning; she says James Hale will start back in the 
morning, to the army; we will cook some provisions for the boys and get him to 
take it to them; I wrote to Tibbie; I had Mr. Hudgens to make some jacks for my 
loom and I hope to get on better.
14.	Rainy morning; J. Hale came by and took our letters and provisions; I hope 
the boys will get it, for they need it no doubt, poor fellows.
15.	3rd Sabbath. Pretty day; B. took Vivia to Patterson's this evening; she is 
a pretty and engaging child with more than an ordinary share of intellect. L. 
and I called at Mr. Brewer's. He has not been heard of since the battle of 
Chickamauga; he is supposed to be a prisoner; it is best hope for him.
16.	Still fine weather; we are getting on very well with our wheat-sowing; 
Mrs. Raban returned from Ga. tonight; she brought a letter from O. who says than 
she is in fine health, and weighs 140 lbs.; that she is enjoying herself very 
well and does not know when she will come home; she went to Rome on Thursday and 
had teeth put in on pivots; I fear they will do her no good, for she has tried 
that once; Capt. Harlow here tonight.
17.	Cloudy and warmer; Mr. Reed brought letters today from Thomas and Tibbie; 
they were both well at that date (1st Nov.) It seems the army is lying inactive 
now; T. gave me directions for proceeding to collect from government the money 
due Columbus at the time of his death; the papers which I sent to Echols which 
he says, he sent to Richmond, having miscarried. I do not believe that he sent 
them; finished a pair of gloves for Virgil.
18.	Fine day; Mr. Reed, who is going to sow wheat here came today; Virginia 
requested him to bring Vivia home with him on his return; she was perfectly 
willing to go with him and was busy as a bee fixing to go calling him Papa; I 
suppose she took him for her grandpa Trippe; we miss her very much for she was 
in nearly every place and so busy; on this evening last year Columbus reached 
home for the last time; how short the time seems since then, and yet, a long 
year has passed. How plainly now I can see him, and how little I thought he was 
so near his end, poor and weak as he was. He became weaker day by day, yet none 
of us thought death was so near. God help us, and make us all as ready to go, 
when our time comes as he was. Mr. R. returned after taking Vivia home.
19.	Warm, Miss M. Shackleford visited us this evening.
20.	Still warm; Miss A. Phipps, who has been very cross for some time is now 
trying to get my girls into an epistolary quarrel with her about some ungenerous 
remarks of her own about my family. She "did for herself" at the commencement of 
the war by some hard remarks towards the soldiers and has been going lower ever 
since; still for all that I do not think that she should vent her spleen on us 
altogether. She should only blame herself, and be quiet; rain all night.
21.	Inclement; Miss P. sent B. another communication in which she becomes 
abusive. I would not take a pen in my hand if I could do no better than she, and 
she too has been pretending to teach school, B. is tonight preparing an answer 
in which she does not spare her opinions. I have headache.
22.	4th Sabbath. Clear pretty day; the girls and Virgil went down to see how 
Virginia is getting along; Mr. Hill called, also a refugee to ask leave to stay 
in the Tatum house awhile; he says they were fighting a little at Chattanooga 
when he left. I am entirely alone this evening yet I am not afraid; I often 
think of the change which has taken place in me in that respect lately, for thoÕ 
the times are more dangerous I am not afraid to be alone. The girls returned 
this evening, left all well at Virginia's.
23.	Cloudy; Mr. Pyron, Mr. Lloyd dined here; I sold them a beef steer which is 
to be slaughtered at home; B. sent an answer today to Miss PhippsÕ abusive 
letter of Saturday but she would not receive it, but "backed down". I suppose 
she had accomplished her wishes in getting to abuse Berenice. B. and L. took the 
whole correspondence to Patterson's and read it, for although B. requested Meda 
to show it, yet I presume she will not do it. They the Patterson's, said they 
had not heard of it before.
24.	Inclement day; I progress slowly with the dresses; it is the most 
troublesome thing I have ever undertook.
25.	Clear; we killed the beef and Mr. B. sent and took it off it weighed 239 
1/2 lbs. at 25 cts. per lb; Mr. Farriss bargained for the other one this 
evening; I did not wish to part with them as I intended them for work-oxen; but 
it is said that the pressgang is close by, and they take such things in the name 
of Government without paying the worth of them. I wanted to save the hides as 
leather is so scarce. B. and V. went to a party tonight at Mr. Hollis's. Very 
cold.
26.	Clear and very cold; B. and L. went to Mr. Hay's this evening and read 
Meda's and her letters to them; Mrs. Phipps had already been there with the 
"famousÓ Mollie Janes letter
27.	Cold harsh day; we hauled corn to the crib today, cloudy.
28.	Rainy; a great deal of rain last night; this tine last year we were 
waiting on Columbus who was fast drawing near his end; it seems but a short tine 
to look back at it now; his patient uncomplaining visage is ever before me, and 
seems but as of yesterday; we today learn that they are fighting at Chattanooga; 
may the Lord give the cruel enemy into our hands, without bloodshed on our side. 
Got our last corn in the crib today, about 300 bushels. 
29.	5th Sabbath. Very cold; the anniversary of Columbus's death; about 2 
o'clock will complete one year in Heaven with him, as I firmly believe; I do not 
grieve that he is gone, for I cannot wish him back here, the news from 
Chattanooga is discouraging; our forces are retreating I suppose, and the enemy 
in pursuit. Miss Hale, Miss Mackey, Mrs.Randall (formerly Ella Dupree) here 
today; the Misses Rudd here this evening, Mrs. Finley sent for Berenice to stay 
with her.
30.	Extremely cold; B. returned this evening; Mr. F. is thinking of again 
leaving the country on account of the Yankees as he thinks they will soon be all 
over the country; Miss J. Patterson came this evening; she brought word from 
Miss Phipps that she is willing to receive the letter that she refused and 
wishes it sent; B. is not thinking of doing such a thing. Jane says that she was 
Meda's informant and although she made the girls believe that they (the 
Patterson's) had heard nothing of the matter, she now confesses that Miss Echols 
had read the ÒMollie Janes letter " to them some time previously. Oh, shame 
where is thy blush?

December 1863

1. 	Severely cold; this morning Mrs. John Janes brought 3 letters from Thomas; 
they contained nothing of much interest except they they were well; rations are 
short; he says they have had no meat for several days and no prospect of any 
soon; Sis also, sent me a letter from M. He wishes me to send him a pair of 
shoes if I cannot get his boots painted. This morning last year we buried 
Columbus, and today they buried Mr. Howard. Knitting a pair of gloves.
2. 	Still very cold; I went this evening to see about getting the shoes made, 
but Mr. Hale cannot make them immediately. This neighborhood is getting full of 
refugees. I sold some things this evening to some of them; they say, that all 
they had was burnt at Chattanooga. Mr. WalkerÕs and Mr. SpencerÕs families. 
People who have been in affluence I suppose.
3.	Still cold and clear; making shirt for Mr. Walker. I sent some provisions 
to the boys by Mr. Hollis.
4.	Cold and clear; this I think has been the longest clear cold spell I ever 
knew; Mr. and Mrs. Pyron spent the night here. Mr. B. looks a little better I 
think.
5.	Cold but getting cloudy; a letter came from T. dated 25th in which he says 
that he and M. came safely through the battle of the 24th and the skirmish of 
the 25th. Also did all the boys from this part. This is good news. I went with 
B., cousin Agnes, and Amelia to Yellow Creek. Mr. Bates preached; few persons 
there; we make choice of Elder H. for the ensuing year. B. and V. went to a 
party at Mr. Hay's.
6. 	1st Sabbath. Clear and cold; Dr. Wright, who is just from the army took 
breakfast here; he brought a letter from T. in which he says he will be at home 
in a few days he thinks; he and M. are tolerably well; they are getting plenty 
to eat once more, which is also good news. Today our best milk cow got her foot 
hurt - badly I fear.
7.	Clear and cold; we killed the cow this morning as we feared she would not 
get over it. I am very sorry for we will feel the need of her I am certain. My 
birthday and it is an unhappy one, for this evening the Officer came and 
enlisted Virgil into what is called State Service. They are he says, to be 
stationed at Gadsden to guard prisoners, but I fear it is only a trap to ensnare 
them into the service. They will have to leave about the first of January. I had 
hoped to keep my last one a little longer, but it seems he must go too, and 
encounter all the evils of camp-life. May the Lord go with him, and keep him 
from all evils, and return him in safety to us. This night four years ago, I sat 
writing in my diary surrounded by a happyfamily; now all is threatened 
desolation. Could I have looked forward to what four years would bring on me 
surely, reason would have left me.
8.	A cold rain falling all day; I am not well, for I did not sleep any last 
night; I can see also that Virgil is much dejected at the necessity of leaving 
home - poor boy. May the good Lord order it otherwise, and may he be allowed to 
remain in the nest at home. I received a letter yesterday from O. in which she 
says she expects to be at home in two weeks; I wrote a letter to her last night 
but owing to the inclemency of today, I have not sent it off. This is a dreadful 
night for the poor soldiers who are without tents. What can they do in such 
nights. May the Lord order a close to this cruel war.
9.	Clear and warmer; I finished my dresses to my great joy; T. arrived awhile 
after dinner in tolerable health; he left M. also in tolerable health; they are 
now at Dalton; Mr. Hill, Miss J. Patterson came to see him and hear from their 
friends; we are preparing provisions tonight to send to M. by Mr. Means; F. says 
they are getting plenty of bread and beef now.
10.	Pretty day; a fast day; I went with B. and Virgil to Yellow Creek to 
prayer meeting but there was but one male member present; was sent some thread 
to dye red; Mrs. Cumby and daughter called; making up my dress.
11.	Pleasant; we killed our last beef today; Mr. M. Davis came to see us; Mrs. 
Roberts called; T. brought money for the women from their friends in the army.
12.	Inclement day; Virgil went to Turkey Town to meet his company and make 
final arrangements; they are to meet in Gadsden on the 1st day of January. I 
cannot reconcile this to my feelings; what we will do with no one to attend to 
business for us I do not know; but that is not the worst of it; so young a boy 
to be left to himself among wicked men is what troubles me most. Ah, me what a 
dreadful time this is and no hope for the end soon. But it may be all for the 
best.
13.	2nd Sabbath. Still rainy.
14.	Clear and getting cold; make flannel shirt for Virgil.
15.	Cold and clear; V. and I went to Hall's as the tax collector has an 
appointment there; he did not come however; we called at Mr. Hollis's on our 
return; we hear good news now, and it is thought to be reliable; that the 
Yankees are retreating at top-speed, and the cause is utterly unknown to our 
people; their destination is said to be Bowling Green, Kentucky. May they never 
return.
16.	Warmer and getting cloudy but, as we were ready we killed our hogs. They 
weighed 913 lbs. the tenth of which we had to give to the government. Mr. Rudd 
assisted; we had also 3 hands from Patterson's; commenced raining this evening.
17.	Very inclement day; Mr. Finley had a sale today of his personal property; 
as he is going away to N. C. to avoid the Yankees. I wished to attend it but was 
too busy; finished the lard and sausage meat; turning cold.
18.	Very cold and clear; I went with B. to visit Mrs. Finley this evening. 
They are much distressed about leaving home, and certainly it is bad but they 
should not repine. They are well off, and are going to wealthy friends whereas 
I, and many others, have no friends and our children even barely boys, are taken 
from us and put into the service. There is a great wrong somewhere, and if our 
confederacy should fall, it will be no wonder to me for the brunt is thrown upon 
the working classes while the rich live at home in ease and pleasure.
19.	Severely cold; I went to Patterson's this morning and warped a web of 
cloth; T. went to Shady grove.
20	3rd Sabbath. Very cold; T. and Berenice went to Shady Grove, tomorrow he 
will go to Calhoun and pay the last installment on his land. Cousin Agnes called 
here. She is in great distress about her son leaving her, and well she may be, 
for she will be in a helpless condition with her small children and lame son. 
But so it is. Such as she, must bear it. There is no remedy.
21.	Cold day; I went to see Mr. Hill this morning who is very sick. Lizzie 
helped me draw in my web of cloth. 
22.	Still cold, busy weaving; tonight Olivia arrived by the boat. She is in 
good health, and left the relatives all well, she went to Rome on Sunday and had 
to wait till this morning.
23.	Very cold; very busy; the Misses Perkins visited us this evening, T. came 
tonight but did not bring B. as it was night when he left Mr. AubreyÕs, at which 
place a sale is going on and he was clerk.
24.	Still cold and clear; T. went to the sale again, property sells remarkably 
high; wheat sold today at $13.50 per bushel. He and Virgil went tonight to see 
Mr. Hill who is though to be better.
25.	Christmas day; Mrs. Finley sent for us to dine with her; T., L. and I 
went; I do not feel much like attending parties but as she is going to leave the 
country and I may never see her again I thought I would go; I am very busy, too, 
preparing Virgil to start on the 1st of Jan. to Gadsden. Ah, me! would to God 
that he might stay at home. I could, I think be perfectly satisfied if he could 
be got out of that (I fear) wicked company. Mr. H. better. Olivia and Virgil 
spent the night at Mr. Finley's.
26.	A close wet day; making pants for V. O. came home tonight.
27.	4th Sabbath; another rainy day; T. was to have preached at Mr. HollisÕs 
but did not go.
28.	Cloudy. Lizzie sick; we sent for Dr. Mathews and she gave birth about ten; 
Mrs. Hays, Mrs. Rudd here; B. came home with Mr. Aubrey.
29. Clear and severely cold; T. and I went to Centre to get matters arranged for 
the collection of what was due Columbus from the government; got it arranged, 
and came to VirginiaÕs by 1 o'clock; she and the children came home with us. O. 
and V. went to a party at Mrs. Brewers'.
30.	Still cold; O. and V. went to dine at Mr. Mackey's. L. and her baby doing 
very well; they have named her Susan Rouslan. Cousin Agnes called today; she is 
greatly troubled about her son leaving and wishes him to join the Confederate 
service instead; tonight the young people had a large party at Mr. Finley's. He 
left this morning for N. C. His wife will go soon. Rain all night. 
31.	And last day of 1863. A very inclement day; making a jeans hat for Virgil 
who has to leave next Tuesday by the boat. No one can feel any worse than I do 
about it, for he is nothing but a child and besides, we need him so much at 
home. The fear too, that he may be enticed by wicked men into bad habits 
afflicts me surely. A gentlemen spent the night here who is just from the army 
and brought a letter from M. He is in fine health and to make himself 
comfortable in his winter quarters. He very much, wishes to get a recruit so 
that he can have a forty days furlough, but I fear we will not find one for boys 
are getting scarce now. In looking over my last year diary, I find that I 
registered the wish that we might be better and happier a year hence. As to 
being better I fear it is not the case, and I do not think we are happier, yet I 
feel thankful that it is as well with is as it is, and pray that it may be no 
worse with us this day next year.