Coweta County GaArchives History - Books .....Chapter VI The Prosperous Years 1928 ************************************************ Copyright. All rights reserved. http://www.usgwarchives.net/copyright.htm http://www.usgwarchives.net/ga/gafiles.htm ************************************************ File contributed for use in USGenWeb Archives by: Alice Allen http://www.genrecords.net/emailregistry/vols/00025.html#0006233 August 5, 2008, 10:35 pm Book Title: Coweta County Chronicles CHAPTER VI. THE PROSPEROUS YEARS. The Fire-Eating Campaign. Reverend Robert Fleming. The Building of College Temple. Town Business. The Georgia Banner. "Hiding out" by the Slaves. Rules for the Treatment of Slaves. Later Fortunes of the Creek Indians. 1850 "This," William U. Anderson tells, "was the great Fire Eating or Southern Rights campaign. It pretty much broke up the old Whig party, and for the time laid the Democrats low, but after the election and the convention the Democrats determined to return to their old time-honored principles, and many Southern Rights Whigs remained with them. The delegates to that memorable convention from Coweta were: Richard M. Hackney, John W. Powell, Robert W. Simms, and George Glass—all union men." Caleb Cook succeeded William U. Anderson in the hotel business. M. B. Clark was a new citizen this year and Thomas Covington opened a grocery store. Dr. Joel W. Terrell and Caleb Cook were prominent contractors in building the railroad. "Some new buildings were put up in anticipation of the coming of the railroad;" Greenville street was partly built up, and Bay street had some improvements. "R. D. Cole & Co. commenced business this year on a one-horse scale, but the business grew very fast." Drs. Hall and Young opened the first drug store in Newnan. 99 ============================================= The Seminary was enlarged this year and occupied by Dr. Kellogg's school of about two hundred pupils. When he first came to Newnan from Rock Spring he taught in the second story of the building on the northeast corner of the square, opposite where the Virginia House now stands. From the first settlement of the county, camp-meetings were great occasions after crops were laid by in the summer. Many of the churches were built at places where camp-meetings had first been held. Camp-meetings were agencies of refreshment for spirit, mind and body, as well as delightful social occasions when friends living far apart, and leading such busy lives that frequent meetings were out of the question, met, and rejoiced together for a week. Rev. Robert Fleming closed a pastorate of six years at the Newnan Baptist church, but his services to this county included several years of successful teaching as principal of the Female Academy, of which he took charge in 1839. A record says, "He did noble work; was an acceptable preacher and pure teacher." In addition to his labor in two such exacting fields, he wrote much for the press; publishing several books: "John's Baptism," "The life of Humphrey Posey," "The Georgia Pulpit," "The Confederate Spelling Book," and writing an English Grammar that was never published. 1851 William U. Anderson states that there was much sickness and "more deaths than ever before in one year," Peter B. Terrell, the most prominent, a Judge of the Inferior court, at the time of his death, had served several terms in the Legislature and held other offices, dying at the age of thirty-nine. Mrs. Alice Baldy died at eighty-three and many younger persons died. Caleb Cook bought Thomas W. Bolton's hotel. The One Price Store was started by U. B. Wilkinson, W. D. Orr, and others. Robert Russell bought the mill of Cullen Smith who moved to Texas. Thomas Colbert built a brick store in Newnan; W. B. W. Dent came and built a dwelling and two stores; William Kay had a book store with John H. James (later spectacular as a banker in Atlanta) for his clerk; Captain Harris Page 100 ============================================= on J. Sargent, after serving in the Mexican war, came to Coweta and Newnan. The names of brick masons that have been omitted unintentionally: Manny Tendries, Lewis Redwine, D. P. Jones, K. W. Peny, Freeman & Dickson, James Bexley, Joseph Young, John Fleming, Storey & Fleming." 1852 Reverend Robert Fleming again served the Newnan Baptists for six months. From the "FIRST ANNUAL CATALOGUE of the Teachers, Students and Patrons of NEWNAN SEMINARY, Newnan, Ga., 1850," is taken the "BOARD OF TEACHERS: Principal and Proprietor, M. P. Kellogg, E. D. SHATTUCK, W. L. McMICHAEL, Assistants in Male Departments. Miss F. K. THOMPSON, Assistant in Female Department. Miss S. M. KELLOGG. Assistant in Preparatory Department. Miss M. A. ALEXANDER, Assistant in Primary Department. Miss MARY E. MORSE, Mr. J. C. MISZNER, Teachers of Music. W. F. WHEELAND, M. D. Teacher of Physiology", and the last two pages containing the: Page 101 ============================================= REPORT of the examining committee at the first semi-annual examination of the students of Newnan Seminary June 3d, 4th, and 5th, 1850. The examinations of the pupils belonging to this Institution took place on the 3d, 4th, and 5th insts., in the presence of a vast number of the patrons and friends of education. This Institution has been in operation only five months, and already numbers nearly two hundred inmates. Its progress and success have been more than commensurate with the expectation of its most sanguin friends; and the manner in which the examination was conducted proved that it richly deserves its success. The students were examined in all the sciences of the day, from the most simple to the most abstruse and difficult; and the manner in which they acquitted themselves, convinced the most fastidious arid the most exacting, that their knowledge was not superficial, intended only for display, and to answer the purpose of the passing hour. It was clear to all, that the principles of the various branches taught were indelibly stamped on the minds of the students, and that they had acquired a knowledge of things rather than of words. Their answers showed that they had learned to think, that reason had taken possession of her throne, and was hastily expelling ignorance and error from her dominions. System was manifest in everything. The declamations of the young gentlemen were the very embodiment of force, ease and grace. The compositions of the young ladies manifested a clear, just and thorough acquaintance with their subjects. The large number of students in the music department, one and all, gave most convincing proof of able and assiduous instruction. We firmly believe this Institution is inferior to none, and that young ladies and gentlemen can here, with ease and facility, acquire a solid, brilliant and ornamental education. Young men can here fit themselves to take an honorable stand in any of our Universities or Colleges. Through the liberality of the citizens of Newnan, a large convenient and beautiful edifice has been erected, containing all the rooms necessary for the instruction and comfort of the students. The principal is now receiving an extensive and complete Philosophical, Chemical and Astronomical apparatus. The healthy locality of Newnan, should receive the attention of parents and guardians, and the facility for moral and religious training Page 102 ============================================= ought not to escape the observation of those solicitous for the welfare of their children and wards. In fine, we deem the qualifications of the Principal and his associates a sure guaranty, that hereafter, as hitherto, the mental and moral improvement of their students will receive their careful and assiduous attention; and that no Institution deserves a more wide-spread and liberal patronage. E. D. McKinley, Esq., Newnan. J. J. Pinson, Esq., Newnan. H. Buchanan, Esq., Newnan. Rev. Dabney P. Jones, Newnan. Col. Thomas A. Latham, Campbellton. Gen. E. M. Storey, Newnan. Rev. Robt. A. Fleming, Newnan. Chas. G. McKinley, Esq., Newnan. A. B. Calhoun, M. D., Newnan. Col. Wm. B. W. Dent, Newnan. John Ray, Esq., Newnan. Rev. J. Y. Alexander, Newnan. D. F. Hammond, Esq., Franklin. Rev. W. D. Mathews, Greenville. B. O. Jones, M. D., Fayetteville. Col. J. H. Logan, Griffin. John E. Robinson, Esq., Coweta Co. Gen. T. M. Griffin, Coweta Co. J. V. Davis, Esq., Coweta Co. A. J. Berry, Esq., Newnan. Maj. H. Brewster, Newnan. R. W. Simms, Esq., Newnan. J. W. Terrell, M. D., Newnan. Committee of Examination. "Newnan, Ga., June 6th, 1850." 1852 This was an epochal year for Newnan and Coweta county. Besides having the railroad completed, the building of College Temple began. An Ordinary, Albert Rainey, took over a large part of the duties of the Judges of the Inferior court, and County Commissioners succeeded to the rest of those duties. The first cotton warehouse was opened by Isaac Colyer with Reverend John G. Fry as weigher. The Colyers abandoned their furniture shop in the country and moved to Newnan to Page 103 ============================================= merchandise. Thomas Mackey had a public dray drawn by a fine pair of mules. David H. Simms opened an eating house down by the railroad. R. D. Cole & Co. started the first engine in their shop and William Luckey had a steam mill in town. Van Houghton had a blacksmithy. James L. Calhoun, J. T. Brown, A. Haas, William Bowen, J. T. Menis, all except Calhoun,, to merchandise, moved in. Captain Gilbert D. Greer, General Edward M. Storey, Samuel Dennis, Sr., Major Edward Storey, David McLin—all of advanced age—and many young persons, five on one place in one month, died, showing the high rate of mortality over the country in those years. One of the Dominicks who lost his wife and several children'from fever is reported to have said, "It is a God's mercy that it did not get among the niggers." Bird (W. B.) Berry who had been driving a stage coach from Atlanta to Chehaw became one of the first conductors on the trains running from Atlanta to Newnan. The terminus of the stage line was moved back as the railroad was completed. This did not mean an added expense as the line had stage stands—barns and extra horses to change every six miles. One of these was on the south side of what is now called Henry Camp's Crossing and a considerable village surrounded it. This place was then called Wright's crossing. A little settlement, called by the homely name of Calico Corner, because of the coming of a railroad became Grantville, and took a start to grow into a good, business town. The children who now thrill with excitement at the coming of the trains have little advantage over those of stage-coach days. The horses were driven at topVspeed,-the driver winding his big horn to warn the hostlers to have the fresh horses harnessed and ready to hook on with one motion of the hand and on they would dash—unless there were passengers to take on or let off. The youngsters of that time were much like those of to-day; My mother told of pulling apples and rubbing the stems in the dirt to make them seem to be windfalien ones, the only ones allowed them before the time of gathering. Mrs. Mary Ball died in the Fourth district at the age of one hundred and two; Judge John Underwood, at sixty-six; Israel Hindsman at eighty-one; James Eckles at eighty and a number of others died this Page 104 ============================================= Hiding Out of Slaves During the years that the Atlanta and West Point railroad was building some of the slaveholders had much trouble: keeping their younger negroes from the construction camps where some free negroes worked, and where there was much talk of running away, and going to the free states. A story of two of them, Linz, who belonged to Squire Hiram Camp, and one, belonging to Dr. Andrew B. Calhoun, who shall be Cal, for the purpose of this story; Cal was a desperate negro who had threatened his master's life and was of no service whatever because he spent his time "lying out", they called it—hiding in the forests by day and marauding by night. Lenz was not a bad negro, but only young and adventurous, and when he began lying out his master's sons watched and caught him, and used the remedy everybody, of that age, believed in for obstreperous youth—both white and black—and it proved effective with Lenz; he declared he had no wish to go to the free states and that if they would forgive him he would catch Cal for Dr. Calhoun. It was settled that he should continue to meet Cal and try, on some pretext, to get him to come to Lenz's cabin. The scheme worked; he was to come when Lenz beat, a time or two, on a tin pan, but he did not come until after he had several times failed to keep his appointment. When he did come, Lenz began bringing out garments Page 105 ============================================= to ask-his advice about, "should he take this, or should he take that." As they talked, first one of the Camp negroes and then another began dropping in with a, "Howdy Cal," or other greeting, until there were three or four present. Cal suddenly started for the door, saying, "The damn niggers are getting too thick in here." As he ran, Tone, the Camp's giant blacksmith, threw a flat iron and broke CaPs thigh. The sheriff and Dr. Calhoun were waiting at the big house, and the officer taking charge of him, carried him to jail. There, another doctor set his thigh; when it was healed he was sold to a speculator who took him to Louisiana. Mr. E. S. Buchanan told of a case of lying out, by Daniel Storey, later known, as Daniel Buchanan, and, after the war, by the name of Daniel Jackson, that is part of a most interesting and romantic story: Daniel belonged to a family of the noblest ideas and ideals, culture and intelligence and, as in many other cases (bad alas! as well as good) the proverb, "Like master, like servant," applied. So intelligent and spirited was Daniel that Judge Hugh Buchanan often expressed the belief that his ancestors must have belonged to the ruling strains of the Africans. The Storeys were migrating to Texas and, in order to keep from separating slave families, they sold all those married to slaves belonging to their neighbors; Daniel was one of these; his wife belonged to Hugh Buchanan, Esquire. When they were brought to the sale block, another neighbor came up and began examining Daniel, who was trusting that his wife's owner would buy him. "Master, please don't you buy me." "Well, that is what I am going to do," the man answered. "Marster, I won't do yer any good; I want somebody else to buy me. The man walked on, and, scorning to heed the warning, bid in Daniel, but his slave quarters never knew his purchase as one of its units. Daniel vanished and for two or three years no patrol, or overseer, or his new master, laid eyes on him. In vain they watched the cabin of his wife. Finally, his purchaser appealed to Hugh Buchanan to buy him. "That strikes me as a one-sided trade; you have not seen a nigger in several years and yet you wish to sell him to me." "Buchanan, you know as well as I do, that, if you were to buy him, he would be on hand by night." Page 106 ============================================= "His wife is a good and faithful servant; I would like to make her happy—I'll risk it." Sure enough, by nightfall Daniel appeared, and, coming to his desired master, said, "Mars' Hugh, I's yo' nigger. Yer ain't never goin' be sorry yer bought me." And never was he sorry. Daniel told how he had lived in a hole dug into a steep bank of White Oak creek, during the three years he was lying out. The place was on the family plantation, in a thick forest through which no path was ever made by the faithful little pickaninnies who brought his meals, while the white folks were having theirs; a new route being taken each time. When the war came on, and it was talked about the place that the master was going, and going to take another one of the slaves, as body-servant, Daniel came to him and asked why he was not chosen. "You have a wife, and I thought you would prefer staying with her." "If yer can leave yo' wife, I can leave mine, Mars' Hugh. I wants to go wid yer I'll make yer de bes' servant; I can do heap er things Joe kain't do fer yer. Yer know I'll stick ter yer thu e'vy thing." In "Major Hugh Buchanan and His Servant Daniel," the Herald correspondent, Vanpelt, has given part of the account of Daniel's service, the record of Captain Willcoxon's (later Dr. R. L. Y. Long's) company of cavalry, is Daniel's record too, and to these must be added E. S. Buchanan's account: "My father carried two horses for Daniel to attend to, and, though it sounds impossible, he kept the more valuable one, a little mare, through everything and brought her safely home though he was three times captured by the Yankees. His account was, that they would give him his choice of being a prisoner, or of taking the oath of allegiance and enlisting with them. He would take the oath and then seize the first opportunity to desert and return to his owner. After the third of these experiences, Captain (it was then) Buchanan remarked that he must be sent home to Newnan. "Wha' (t) fer Mars' Hugh, ain't I waitin' on yeh right?" "O, yes, you are a good servant, but I do not want you shot; you have joined the Yankees three times; if they get you again, you will be shot as a deserter." Page 107 ============================================= "Lor,' Mars' Hugh, dem Yankees doan' know one nigger fum 'nother. I ain't skeerd gittin' kilt. Please, sir, let me stay wid yer." Vanpelt gives the closing installment of this story. (See index.) The town fathers decided, "For the building of a suitable calaboose for the safekeeping of such persons that may violate and become troublesome," and R. M. Hackney were appointed a committee, to attend to the matter. The contract was let by public outcry to the lowest bidder for $49. The Marshal was paid $416.66 cents at the end of his year's service. The town tax collected for the year was $389.20. They advertised, "A stray Hogg to be sold and the money held at the call of the owner." A fine of $2 for the first offence of hitching to the railing around the court house and $5 for the second was ordered. To collect the money, the marshal was to take possession of the horse. The town tax was five cents on the $100, pole tax $1. Monroe street was to be opened to the old corporate limits. A horse rack (hitching place) was put up at $2 cost. Fighting was the chief offense of the time; the Intendant (mayor) was fined $3 for fighting, and, at another time, fifty cents (half cost) for being absent from a meeting when a case came up. When any matter for their attention was presented the Intendant and members of town council were called together at the time, and decided it then and there. David Culberson charged $30 for building twenty horse racks—ten more were ordered. Charles S. Anderson was brought before the body for running a ten-pin alley without a license, but was excused. It was "Ordered, That Wm. J. C. Kennedy charged with disorderly conduct be sent to the calaboose for twenty-four hours; then brought before the body." John W. Powell drafted the first code of laws and ordinances for Newnan and was Intendant to enforce them. 1853 There were trials for fighting June 13, 25, 27, 28 and October 3, four cases; October 4, three cases. Liquor dealers gave $500 bond not to sell liquors to slaves or "free persons of color" without a permit from owners or guardians and "to keep an orderly hourse." An ordinance: "Any slave or free person of color found on the street after fifteen minutes past nine o'clock without permit of owner or guardian shall be given twenty lashes; if under suspicious circumstances, shall be committed to guard house and the owner or guardian charged with fifty cents. There was an ordinance that free negroes had to pay $100 Page 108 ============================================= to live in town. More horse racks were ordered for various parts of the growing town. There were six licensed retail liquor dealers. Batty H. Mitchell paid $15 license fee as auctioneer and later $35 for the exclusive right in the town. A petition by Hugh Buchanan for a street running north from the Male Academy to the lot of Rev. J. Y. Alexander on the dividing lines of the lots of J. A. Welch, W. K. Bowen and M. P. Kellogg, was refused. The marshal's report of license fees collected gives incidentally a list of the shows and entertainments of that year: "Jan. 21, circus $25; Feb. 26, Concert of Eddy Family $3; April 8, Panorama of R. H. Copeland $1; April 18, Astronomical Views $2; June 9, Circus $25; Nov. 5, Bear Show $5." From "The Georgia Banner," Volume XIII, Number 37, published by J. A. and F. S. Welch, edited by J. A. Welch, of January 21, 1853, filed by Judge Lucius H. Featherston, now possessed by his daughter, Mrs. G. W. Peddy and her daughters, Laura and Daisy, come these interesting items: "Newnan Market. Cotton 6}4 to 9}4 cents, corn .30 to .40 a bushel, meal .40 to .50 a bushel, pork 7 cents a pound, ham .14 to .15, beef Sj/2 to 4^/2 cents, lard .15, whiskey, .30 to .35 a gallon, wheat .75 to $1 a bushel, flour 3 cents a pound, country butter (scarce) .15 and Goshen .30 a pound, sugar 8 to .12^, coffee .11 to .12, syrup .40 to .50 a gallon. "A contemporary, in speaking of the "awful waste" of twenty-five casks of liquor poured upon the ground in Maine, remarks that such an amount of liquor "properly distributed" would have carried the primary elections in two or three wards in New York. (And this in the good old days of 1853! Editor.) "NEW FEATURES IN NAVIGATION. We have seen within the last few weeks, many favorable notices of a new discovery, for the propulsion of machinery, recntly made and brought into practical use by Captain Ericson. The inventor has seized upon the winds and compelled them to do his bidding. A ship, fitted up on the principle, made two trial trips to the utmost satisfaction of many thousands of spectators who assembled in New York to witness the success or failure of the invention. The ship, it is said acquired a speed of 14 miles an hour. The principle upon which the invention operates, is simple, and bear much resemblance to human respiration, the inhalation and expulsion of air being source of the force used . . . . " Page 109 ============================================= Two and a half columns of the first page are given to a decision of the Supreme Court of a fugitive slave case, followed by a half-column discussion of the prospective cotton crop, estimating it at 2,500,000 to 3,000,000, bales copied from the "Nashville Union;" the fourth column is given to an amusing story, "The Major's First Declaration" from "The New York Spirit of the Times," a column relating to the Masonic celebration of the centennial of George Washington's initiation into Masonry from the "Cincinnati Enquirer;" the last column contains two articles, one, the account of a death from hydrophobia, the other, a quotation from a speech by Honorable Charles G. Atherton, Democratic Senator from New Hampshire against the agitation in Congress for the abolition of slavery, with two or three short paragraphs or space fillers. One of these is interesting in view of the advocacy, by some poorly informed persons of 1926, of sale of liquor by government, it is: "The city agent of Bangor, Maine, for the sale of liquor, made his report on the 1st inst. The daily sales amounted to about ninety-seven gallons! The greater portion was sold to go out of the city, however. Bangor and vacinity must be very sickly to require so much medicine. From May 3, to December 23, the agent purchased 36,883>£ gallons of various kinds of liquors." The columns are much wider than those of the "Newnan Herald." The second page is taken up with a long extract from a speech by Mr. Cass, in the Senate, on the annexation of Cuba, the killing of a desperado in Arkansas, the unveiling of an equestrian statue of General Jackson in Washington, two ill-natured comments on Napoleon the Third, from foreign correspondents of Northern papers, a short discussion of the sugar cane crop from a Louisiana paper, the report of a big forgery in Cincinnati, a discussion of presidential succession in case of death, such as we have at intervals, an account of an extraordinary elopement, from a New Orleans paper, short comments on Indian troubles in Florida, and Irish appreciation of the United States as a place of refuge from Erin, the market report, and an editorial on Ericson's ship, both of which are copied. There are no locals, but two full pages of advertisements, most of them legal, give several items that are interesting. Raymond & Company's Menagerie combined with Mabie & Company's Circus promised just as thrilling experiences to the Newnan children of 1853 as circuses promise to those of 1926. "TEACHER WANTED. Wanted, at the Grantville Academy, a Teacher quali- Page 110 ============================================= fied to instruct in the various branches usually taught in Academies, for which we offer considerable inducements, as we wish to establish a good school in our flourishing village. We cordially invite all such qualified persons to give us a call. If further information is required, it can be obtained by reference to either of the following gentlemen: "E. H. Strickland, "W. B.Smith, "James Houston, "Ellis Stafford, "J. J. Thrasher." Grantville, Ga." In the old papers are many advertisements for negroes who had run away; in one there appeared one, inserted by an officer, of a stray negro who had been taken up, and awaited identification. Betty Dickinson became Mrs. B. T. Simms this year and is yet living, aged ninety-two, (this year 1927), to tell that even in 1853 nearly everybody went on horseback; there were few good roads; there were few mills; many parties about Christmas time but no dancing for her or her friends—all good Baptists—members of Bethel church, the one having the largest membership of that day. There was serenading and many "riding fantastics," that is: boys and young men dressed as clowns, old women, and anything else to look comical, rode about the country at Christmas. 1854 Reverend Jesse H. Campbell after serving the Newnan Baptist church since January, 1853, returned to his general evangelistic labors this June, being succeeded by Reverend William H. Davis. In business, Caleb Cook sold his hotel to Isaac Colyer, who made many improvements. William U. Anderson was made keeper of the penitentiary, at Milledgeville but after a short experience, resigned. General G. T. Anderson chastised a man for an affront to Mrs. Anderson. Samuel Freeman became a practitioner at the Coweta bar this year. The Know-Nothing or Native American party made this year a lively one in politics, here, as well as elsewhere. They were said to have held secret or midnight meetings in Kegg creek swamp, New River bottoms, White Oak hollow, Shoal creek cave and other out-of-the-way places. (1) (1) Evidently a joke. Page 111 ============================================= Newnan schools, besides College Temple: William H. Davis and Daniel Walker conducted the Newnan Male Seminary, and J. Henry Hammond the Newnan Male and Female Seminary, on Greenville street. The council ordered the railroad station agent to "Fill up the mud-hole near the platform and make more passable the street on the east side of the railroad." The marshal was ordered to make a suitable crossing place over the railroad. Mrs. Emmett Lowe recalled that in her childhood in Newnan, and on her father, John Ray's farm, they played a game called, "Bull in the Pen," they rolled hoops, and played ball. In the fall gathering chestnuts and chinquepins absorbed the interest of the "small fry." In young ladyhood, horseback riding was the most popular diversion. There was very little dancing. In Presbyterian families there was no hot food served on Sundays for dinner or supper. Additional Comments: Citation: COWETA COUNTY CHRONICLES FOR ONE HUNDRED YEARS WITH An Account of the Indians from Whom the Land was Acquired AND Some Historical Papers Relating to its Acquisition by Georgia, with Lineage Pages. EDITED AND COMPILED BY MARY G. JONES AND LILY REYNOLDS FOR SARAH DICKINSON CHAPTER DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION OF NEWNAN, GEORGIA THE STEIN PRINTING COMPANY ATLANTA, GA. 1928 File at: http://files.usgwarchives.net/ga/coweta/history/1928/cowetaco/chapterv739gms.txt This file has been created by a form at http://www.genrecords.org/gafiles/ File size: 28.9 Kb