Historical Collections of The Hawaiian Islands - Geneology of Kamehameha II and Kamehameha III. ************************************************ Copyright. All rights reserved. http://www.usgwarchives.net/copyright.htm http://www.usgwarchives.net/hi/hifiles.htm ************************************************ File contributed for use in USGenWeb Archives by: by Darlen6 E. Kelley January 17, 2007 http://www.genrecords.net/emailregistry/vols/00026.html#0006374 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Historical Collections of Hawaii Keepers of the Culture King Kamehameha II King Kamehameha III Geneology ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ King Kamehameha II Liholiho Liholiho, the first born of Kamehameha and Keopolani was destined for Hawai'i's throne. He was born about 1797 at Hilo, Hawai'i. Indulged as a child for his sacred mana, he grew to manhood under the care of Ka'ahumanu, his father's favorite wife. Reared in the traditional Hawaiian ways by Kamehameha, his priests, and a council of experts in cultural and practical matters, Liloliho was being trained to rule a Kingdom that had been transformed by contact with the outside world. At his Installation, at the age of twenty three, Ka'ahumanu proclaimed herself equal: " Hear me, " O Divine one [ Liholiho ] for I make known to you the will of your father. Behold these chiefs and the men of your father and these your guns, and this your land, but you and I shall share the realm together. " Whether or not, Kamehameha had actually granted Ka'ahumanu such extensive power, it was obvious that she was determined to influence the new King, Liholiho was as confused as other young Hawaiians growing up without spiritual and social certainty that had existed for preceeding generations. While his father lived, the old order had been maintained, his moral authority preserving the status quo even though it was obvious that substancial change was unavoidable. From the start, Liholiho was comfronted by domestic and foreign challenges. Tensions were building between those who favored change and those wo wished to preserve the traditional ways. Discontent first surfaced among the older, more conservative ali'i who were dissatisfied with the distribution of lands that followed after the death of Kamehameha I and they pressed Liholiho to redistrubute crown lands and o share the substancial profits generated by royal trade monopolies. Freed by Kamehameha's firm grip on power, Ka'ahumanu and Keopuolani, the two most powerful of Kamehameha's widows and ali'i of high rank in their own rights, soon began to pursue radical change. They sought to discredit the Kapu System that regulated every part of life in Hawai'i. This they accomplished, and radical change came over the land. Liholiho/ Kamahameha II died July 14 1824 at London, England from complications of measles and his wife Queen Kamamalu died six days earlier, also from the same. Geneology; Liholiho/ HM King Kamehameha II Born; About 1797 at Hilo, Hawai'i Father; HM King Kamehameha I Mother; Keopuolani, born abt 1778, at Pahoehoe, Maui; Died Sept. 16, 1823, at Kaluaokila, Lahaina, Maui, whose father was Mo'i Kiwala'o and mother was Keku'iapoiwa Liliha. Partner 1; HM King Kamehameha I/ union 1795. 1. HM King Kamehameha II 2. HM King Kamehameha III 3. Harriet Nahi'ena'ena Partner 2; Ulumaheihei Hoapili Liholiho/ HM King Kamehameha II took, Partner 1; HM Queen Kamehamalu Kekuaiwaokalani born abt 1802 and died July 14, 1824 at London, England of complications of measles. Father was HM King Kamehameha I and Mother was Kalakua Kaheiheimalie [1778-Jan 16, 1842 ]. Partner 2; High Chiefess Kalanipauahi, born, Unknown; died June 17, 1826, at Honolulu, Oahu, Hawai'i; Father was Pauli Ka'oleioku and mother was Keoua. Partner 1; HM King Kamehameha II; Divorced. Partner 2; He Governor Matai'o Kekuanaoa [abt 1791-Nov 24, 1868 ] Union, Nov 28, 1825. 1. HH Princess Ruth Keelikolani [ June 17, 1826- May 24, 1883 ] Partner 3; Keahikuni Kekau'onohi, born unknown; died 1847; Father was Kahoanoku Kinau and mother was Kahikuha'akoi. Divorced. Partner 4; Miriam Auhea Kekauluohi was born abt 1794; died June 7, 1845, at Honolulu, Oahu, Hawai'i; Father was Kala'imamahu and mother was Kalakua Kaheiheimaliie [ 1778-Jan 16,1842 ]. Partner 1, HM King Kamehameha II, Divorced. Partner 2, Charles Kana'ina [abt 1801 - Mar 13, 1877] 1. HM King William Charles Lunalilio [ Jan 31, 1835 - Feb 3, 1874] ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ HM King Kamehameha III/ Kauikeaouli King of the Sandwich Isles ( 1825-1854 ) On March 17, 1814, in Keauhou on the Kona coast of the island of Hawai'i, Queen Keopuolani bore Kamehameha a second son, named Kauikeaouli, this child of Kamehameha's old age was seventeen years younger than his brother, Liholiho. While Liholiho grew up with the traditions of the past intact, most of Kauikeaouli's childhood followed the collapse of the old order. Heir to a warrior's kingdom, his fame of reference was not formed by great victories, but by a world in which Hawai'i was becoming a pawn of foreigners. During Kauikeaouli's thirty year reign as Kamehameha III, the longest of Hawai'i's eight monarchs, Hawai'i moved from a feudal theocracy to a constitutional monarchy, with a sophisticated ministerial government. Kauikeaouli's reign began early in 1825, several months after the tragic deaths in London of Kamehameha II and Queen Kamamalu. Still a child when he came to the throne, he was guided through the first years of his reign by members of his father's court. Foremost were the warrior chief Kalanimoku and the dowager Queen Ka'ahumanu. Serving as kukina nui, Ka'ahumanu was the real power behind the throne until she died in 1832, when Kamehamha III was seventeen. The young king's half-sister, Kina'u was then named kukina nui, providing the still inexperienced king with an advisor for the next five years of his reign. It was not until Kina'u's death in 1839 that Kamehameha III was free to rule on his own. Yet his freedom to act unilaterally was soon compromised by circumstances beyond his control. While the king resisted Christian teachings, the new religion made steady progress with both ali'i and commoners, offering a promise of spiritual salvation at a time of uncertainty. The technological superiority of Western Culture and the ability of foreigners to resist diseases that were decimating the Hawaiians seemed proof of the overwelming power of the Western God. The missionaries taught the Hawaiian's a theology that alienated them from their cultural roots as it tried to prepare them for the future. The process was accelarated by the missionaries creation of a written Hawaiian language between 1822 and 1826. The introduction of writing and a system of universal education were culturally significant. In the Hawai'i of old, where knowledge was considered a manifestation of mana, words were considered sacred. With the democratization of knowledge, Hawaiian culture moved another step further from its roots. Equally destructive of traditional values and culture were missionary efforts at providing the Hawaiians with a secular education. This was what faced the reign of King Kamehameha III. Geneology; King Kamehameha III Kauikeaouli Born; March 17, 1813, at Keauhou, Kona, Hawaii. Died; Dec 15, 1854, at Honolulu, Oahu, Honolulu. Father; H.M. King Kamehameha I. Mother; Keopuolani [ abt 1778 - Sept 16, 1823. ] Partner 1; HM Queen Kalama Hakaleleponi Kapakuhaili born about 1817, at Ka'elehulu near Kailua, Hawai'i Died, Sept 20, 1870 at Honolulu, Hawai'i Father was Naihe Kukui [ - Dec 29, 1831 ] and mother was I'ahu'ula, whose father was Eia and mother was Kauwa. Union Feb 2, 1837. 1. Keaweaweulai [ died ] Partner 2. Jane Lahilani Young, daughter of John Long [who was born 1742 at Lancashire, England and died Dec 17, 1835 at Kawaihae, Hawai'i ] and Ka'oana'eha [ who died Jan 22, 1850 ] Partner 1; Joshua Kaeo and had child Peter Young Kaeo [1836-1880.] Partner 2; HM King Kamehameha III, union unmarried. 1. Honourable Albert Kuka'ilimoku Kunuiakea, born June 15, 1851 died Mar 10, 1903. Partner was Mary Poli, union April 4, 1878 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Continued with HM King Kamehameha IV Geneology.