Historical Collections of The Hawaiian Islands -  Treaties, Conventions, and International Agreements of the Kingdom of Hawai'i

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File contributed for use in USGenWeb Archives by:
by Darlen6 E. Kelley
December 19, 2006
http://www.genrecords.net/emailregistry/vols/00026.html#0006374

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Historical Collections of Hawai'i
Keepers of the Culture
Treaties, Conventions, and International 
Agreements of the Kingdom of Hawai'i

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United States of America
December 23rd, 1826 -- Treaty.

Great Britain
November 13th 1836 - Lord E. Russel's Treaty. 

France
July 17th, 1839 - Captain LaPlace's Convention.

France
March 26, 1846 - Treaty.

Great Britain
March 26, 1846 - Treaty.

Denmark
October 19th, 1846 - Treaty.

Hamburg
January 8th, 1848 - Treaty.

Agreement Touching Consular Notices
( Danish and Hamburg Treaties )
January 25th, 1848. 

United States of America
December 20th, 1849 - Treaty.

Sweden and Norway
July 1, 1852 - Treaty.

Tahiti
November 24th, 1853.

Bremen
March 27, 1854 - Treaty.

France
September 8th, 1858 - Treaty. 

Belgium
October 4th, 1862 - Treaty.

Netherlands
October 16th, 1862 - Treaty.

Italy
July 22nd, 1863 - Treaty.

Spain
October 9th, 1863 - Treaty. 

Swiss Conferation
July 20th, 1864 - Treaty.

Russia
June 19th, 1869 - Treaty.

Japan 
August 17th, 1871 - Treaty.

New South Wales
March 10th, 1874 - Postal Convention.

United States of America
January 30th, 1875 - Reciprocity Treaty.

German Empire
1879-80 - Treaty.

Portugal
May 5, 1882 - Provisional Convention.

United States of America
December 6, 1884 - Supplementary Convention.

Hong Kong
December 13th, 1884 - Money Order Regulations.

Universal Postal Union
March 21st,1885 - Additional Act of Lisbon.

Japan
January 28th, 1886 - Convention.

Universal Postal Union
November 9th, 1886 - Ratification.

Samoa
March 20th, 1887 - Treaty.

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Faced with the quintessential problem of foreign encroachment of Hawai'i
territory, His Hawaiian Majesty King Kamehameha III deemed it prudent
and necessary to dispatch a Hawaiian delegation to the United States and
then to Europe with the power to settle alleged difficulties with
nations, negotiate treaties and to ultimately secure the recognition of
Hawaiian Independence by the major powers of the world. In accordance
with this view, Timoteo Ha'alilio, William Richards and Sir George
Simpson were commissioned as joint Ministers Plenipotentiary on April 8,
1842. Sir George Simpson, shortly thereafer, left for England, via
Alaska and Siberia, while Mr.
Ha'alilio ad Mr. Richards departed for the United States, via Mexico, on
July 8, 1842.

The Hawaiian delegation, while in the United States of America, secured
the assurance of U.S. President Tyler on December 19, 1842 of its
recognition of Hawaiian Independence, and then proceeded to meet Sir
George Simpson in Europe and secure formal recognition by Great Britain
and France. On March 17, 1843, King Lous-Phillipe of France recognizes
Hawaiian Independence at the urging of King Leopold of Belguim, and on
April 1, 1843, Lord Aberdeen on behalf of Her Britannic Majesty Queen
Victoria, assured the Hawaiian delegation that 
" her Majesty's Governement was willing and had determined to recognize
the Independence of the Sandwich Islands under their present Sovereign."

On November 28, 1843, at the Court of London, the British and French
Governments entered into a formal ageement of the recognition of
Hawaiian
Independence.

" Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, and His Majesty the King of the French, taking into
consideration the existence in the Sandwich Islands ( Hawaiian Islands )
of a government capable of providing for the regularity of its relations
with foreign nations, have thought it right to engage reciprocally, to
consider the Sandwich Islands as an Independent State, and never take
possession, neither directly or under the title of Protectorate, or
under any other form, of any part of the territory of which they are
composed.

The undersigned, Her Majesty's Principal
Secretary of State of Foreign Affairs, and the Ambassador Extraordinary
of His Majesty the King of the French, at the Court of London, being
furnished with the necessary powers, hereby declare, in consequence,
that their Majesties take reciprocally that engagement.

In witness whereof the undersigned have signed the present declaration,
and have affixed thereto the seal of their arms.

Done in duplicate at London, the 28th day of November, in the year of
our LOrd, 1843.
[L.S.] Aberdeen
[L.S.] St. Aulaire "


As a result of the recognition of the Hawaiian Independence since 1842
the Hawaiian Kingdom entered into treaties with the major nations of the
world and had established over ninety legations and consulates in
multiple seaports and cities.

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