Statewide County HI Archives Biographies.....Dole, Sanford Ballard April 23, 1844 - 
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J. Orr jessicanorr@gmail.com June 2, 2011, 9:29 pm

Source: The Story of Hawaii and Its Builders. Published by Honolulu Star Bulletin, Ltd., Territory of Hawaii, 1925
Author: Edited by George F. Nellist

SANFORD BALLARD DOLE, “The Grand Old Man of Hawaii”. A leader of the 
revolutionary movement which ended the Hawaiian Monarchy in 1893 and of the 
negotiations which resulted in Hawaii becoming a Territory of the United 
States of America, first and only president of the Republic of Hawaii and 
first governor of the Territory, Sanford Ballard Dole is the most 
distinguished citizen of his native islands and for many years, by unanimous 
popular judgment, has borne the honorary title, “The Grand Old Man of Hawaii.”
  Equally noted in history as a diplomat, statesman and jurist, Judge Dole 
possesses the unique distinction of being the only American who has ever been 
the chief executive of an independent foreign nation. As president of the 
Republic of Hawaii, he exercised a primary influence in the negotiations which 
terminated in the annexation of the islands by the United States, and under 
his guidance as governor the infant Territory took its first steps along the 
political highway which has made possible its present advanced position of 
economic importance.
  Judge Dole was born in Honolulu, April 23, 1844, the son of Daniel and Emily 
(Ballard) Dole. His parents came to Hawaii from the state of Maine in 1840, 
the elder Mr. Dole taking charge of Punahou College. Receiving his early 
education at Punahou, Judge Dole, at the age of 21, entered Williams College, 
Massachusetts, there pursuing academic studies for one year. He studied law 
for a year in the office of William Brigham, Washington, D.C., was admitted to 
practice in the courts of Suffolk County, Mass., in 1867, and returned shortly 
afterwards to Hawaii.
  Engaged in private practice in Honolulu, Judge Dole at the same time took an 
active interest in politics. He was elected to the Hawaiian legislature in 
1884, serving until 1886. During this period he was prominent in the reform 
movement which culminated in the revolt of 1887 and which forced the 
acceptance of a liberal constitution by King Kalakaua. In 1886 Judge Dole was 
appointed to the supreme bench as an associate justice, remaining there for 
six years.
  In 1893 came the inevitable revolution and the downfall of the Hawaiian 
monarchy, when Queen Liliuokalani lost her throne. Prominent and active among 
the leaders of the revolution, Judge Dole was elected president of the 
Provisional Government. Throughout an extremely critical period the new 
government was beset with foes, both at home and abroad. With unfailing 
diplomacy Judge Dole adjusted difficult situations and when President Grover 
Cleveland of the United States demanded the restoration of Queen Liliuokalani 
to the throne, Judge Dole firmly refused to yield, maintaining the President 
Cleveland was without authority to act. In this instance Judge Dole handled 
negotiations with “consummate tact,” according to a writer of the time. In 
1894, with the Provisional Government firmly established, Judge Dole was 
elected president of the Republic of Hawaii. The following year he was 
successful in frustrating the Wilcox rebellion, designed to restore the 
deposed queen. During this troubled time, when feeling between opposing 
parties ran high, Judge Dole again met adversaries in situations demanding 
great diplomacy. Walter G. Smith, a prominent editor of the period, analyzed 
Judge Dole’s successful policy when he wrote, He let no impulse of revenge 
dusk the clear mirror of his humanity.”
  In the interests of annexation, Judge Dole went to Washington in 1898 to 
confer with President McKinley and when annexation became a fact, he was made 
first governor of the Territory of Hawaii, retiring from that office on Nov. 
1, 1903. Appointed U. S. district judge that same year, Judge Dole remained on 
the bench until 1916, when he retired to private practice. He served as a 
member of the commission appointed by President McKinley to recommend 
legislation for Hawaii to Congress, and for a number of terms was president of 
the Hawaiian Bar Association.
  Now in virtual retirement, he devotes much of his time to literary work and 
has been engaged in compiling his memoirs. In spite of advancing years, the 
venerable statesman and jurist takes part in public movements and is often 
heard from the lecture platform. Judge Dole and Anna P. Cate of Castine, 
Maine, were married May 19, 1873. Mrs. Dole died in 1921.


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