Statewide County HI Archives News.....Chronology of Hawai'i and the United States -- Part 15. July 7, 2008 ************************************************ Copyright. All rights reserved. http://www.usgwarchives.net/copyright.htm http://www.usgwarchives.net/hi/hifiles.htm ************************************************ File contributed for use in USGenWeb Archives by: Darlene E. Kelley http://www.genrecords.net/emailregistry/vols/00026.html#0006374 July 11, 2008, 1:50 am Keepers Of The Culture, A Study In Time Of The Hawaiian Islands July 7, 2008 Contributed for use in USGenWeb Archives by Darlene E. Kelley http://www.genrecords.net/emailregistry/vols/00026.html#0006374 July 7, 2008 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++= Historical Collections of Hawai'i Keepers of the Culture A study in time, of the Hawai'ian Islands Chronology of Hawai'i and the United States -- Part 15. by Darlene E. Kelley +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++= Chronology -- Part 15. ++ 1914 -- The Honolulu Zoo has a small beginning in Waikiki, a modest collection of birds and animals. The first airmail flight takes place when TOM GUNN carries souvenir postcards and letters from Koloa to Lihue on Kauai. Centennary of Kauikeaouli (KAMEHAMEHA III) marked with memorial services and the placing of a plaque at his birthplace at Keauhou, Hawai'i. First Taxicabs appear in Hawai'i. First traffic laws codified. First County building in the territory ersted on Kaua'i at Lihue. Graft scandal lands in Hawai'i county, administers in jail for siphoning off road funds. PAK YONG-man organizes Kungmin Kundan, or the Korean Military Corps, on O'ahu. The Corps receives financial assistance from PAK CHONG-soo May 8 -- The first cargo to pass through the newly constructed Panama Canal is a bargeload of sugar from Hawai'i. Paper mulch introduced for pineapple farming. New Pineapple cannery established in Kalihi by Libby, McNeille & Libby Company. Matson Company's new ship Matsonia begins service between San Francisco and Honolulu. Manoa begins interisland steamship service. $32,056,000 worth of imports arrive in Hawai'i; Exports total $41,594,000. The Commemorative Pageant is rechristened the Mid-Pacific Carnival. St Peter's Church serving Chinese Episcopalians completed on Emma Street. Captain Henry Berger's 70th birthday honored with special band concert and gold badge bestowed by former Queen Lili'uokalani to commemorate his 42 years as conductor of the Hawai'ian Band. Queen Lili'uokalani favors him with a special birthday party. Kaipo Aea, hanai son of Lili'uokolani dies with Brights disease. U.S. -- Americans attempt to remain neutral after outbreak of Wold War I in Europe. ++ 1915 -- March 25 - American Submarine Skate ( F-4 ) one of four based in the islands, sinks near Honolulu Harbor with the loss of all the entire crew of twenty one men. Motor bus traffic begins between Honolulu and Schofield Barracks to meet the transportation needs of the Army community. Honolulu Rapid Transit Company begins bus service. Basic work contract for Filipino laborers changes to include free transportation back to Manila after completion of the agreement's terms. Island farmers ship 280.000 bunches of bananas to San Francisco, the largest shipment ever. $30,721,000 worth of imports arrive in Hawai'i; Exports total $62,465,000. Pineapple becomes second industry in revenues behind sugar. City of Honolulu introduces the first water meters to cut water consumption. Footlights Club gives first public performance. It is the predeccessor of the Honolulu Community Theatre. EDWARD KANE ( E.K. ) FERNANDEZ organizes his first circus with 20 performers and six animals, including a skating bear. In coming years, his shows and carnivals tour the Island as well as Asia, Canada and the mainland United States. Hawai'i sends a delegation to the International Exposition in San Francisco to take images of swaying hulas and Diamond Head to a national audience. HENRY KAILMAI plays " On the Beach of Waikiki " on his 'ukulele accompanied by his hula dancers. U.S. -- The United States protests German submarine actions and British Blockade of Germany in World War I. During Mexican Revolution, President Woodrow Wilson proclaims a policy of " watchful waiting " on border. D.W. GRIFFITH produces noteable early motion picture, " The Birth of a Nation." Gas Masks invented. ++ 1916 -- February 4 -- The German cruiser Geier and half a dozen other steamships interned during World War I are set on fire by their crews in Honolulu Harbor, although the United States is not yet at war. U.S. Army Hawai'ian Air Office activated. August 1- The Hawai'i National Park is established under Federal auspices on both Maui and the Big Island. Four-mile Makili Round Top road under construction with prison labor. Pali road being rebuilt in concrete. Honolulu Star-Bulletin offices move into new concrete building. $ 37,196,000 worth of imports arrive in Hawai'i; Exports total $ 64,665,000. Hawai'ian Commercial & Sugar Company erects power plant to convert mill work from steam to electricity. Hawai'ians, Filipinos and Japanese workers pull together during an International Longshoreman's Association strike. Steam and electric pumping station built at Kaka'ako. Waiahole tunnel opens, supplying Windward water to Central O'ahu fields. " Sealing-wax palm " introduced from Singapore to decorate Capital grounds. SAMUEL MAHELONA Memeorial Hosital built at Kapa'a Kaua'i for tubercular patients. Mid-Pacific Carnival becomes the Kamehameha Day Parade. 'Ukulele master ERNEST KAAI publishes first instructional book on the Ukulele. SAMUEL K. KAMAKA begins making 'ukulele as a hobby in his Kaimuki basemant. Territorial Government considers pans to restore and preserve ancient Hawai'ian heiau. C.F. Martin, the finest manufacturer of guitars and mandolins in the world, produces its first 'ukulele. New playhouse at Fort Shafter opens for theater productions. Metropolitan Opera mezzo-soprano MARISKA ALDRICH gives two concerts at Honolulu's Opera House. U.S.-- The Governement purchases the Virgin Islands from Denmark for $25.000,000. ++ 1917 -- U.S. enters World War I, declaring war against Germany, and the Hawai'ian Islands National Guard is mobilized for active service. German refugee vessels -- merchant ships stranded at the outbreak of war --- found damaged under suspicious circumsatnces while docked in Honolulu. Ka'iulani's former home Ainahau -- given to the Territory for a memorial Park -- is sold and subdivided into residential lots. July 8 -- John Aimoku Dominis son of John Owen Dominis and Queen Lili'uokalani dies at age 34. He is survived by wife Sybil McInerny Dominis and three children. Large water reservoir constucted at the foot of Kolekole Pass provides water for Schofield Barracks. Halekulani Hotel Opens. First girl scout troop established. Captain William Matson dies, his shipping fleet now consisting 14 of the largest, fastest and most modern ships providing freight service in the Pacific. War relief and Red Cross fund raise $233,291. YMCA buys Hawai'ian Hotel with the plans to convert it to a new Army and Navy YMCA headquarters. Island of Lana'i sold to F.F. and H.A. Baldwin for cattle ranching. November 11-- Former Queen Lili'uokalani dies. The fish turn red in the ponds of Waikiki. Return to normal color when she is placed in the Royal Mausoleum. Anthrax break out among cow herds on Kaua'i, O'ahu and Maui. $50,813,000 worth of imports arrive in Hawai'i; Exports total $74,098,000. Ola'a Sugar Company uses sugar bagasse in new paper-making process, producing paper for its own plantation needs. Sir Ernest Shackleton visits and delivers lecture on his rescue work in the Antarctic. Pearl Harbor Radio Station formally opens with direct message exchanged with Sayville, Long Island. Opera House demolished in Honolulu to make way for a new Federal Building. Rabindranath Tagore, Hindu poet, visits Honolulu. Visiting musicians include pianists Tina Lerner and Katherine Goodson. Russian violinist Max Selinsky and coloratura singer Ellen Beach Yaw. Hawai'ian Society of Artists exhibits at Pan-Pacific Pavillion. U.S. April 6-- President Wilson declares war on Germany and the first American combat troops land in France. ++ 1918 -- Charles McCarthy appointed Governor by President Wilson.. Visitors to the Islands include Prince of Wales, U.S. Secretary of the Interior Franklin L. Lane, Australian Premier Sir Joseph Ward and New Zealand Premier W.H. Massey. President Wilson declares O'ahu a dry zone as a war measure. Congress later establishes full prohibition for the Territory for the duration of the war. Federal Government acquires Ford Island ( 334 acres ) for military purposes. Pearl Harbor Navel Station opens. Theresa Wilcox Belliveau and James Kealoha found guilty of trying to win part of Lili'uokalani's estate through a forged will document. Kaho'olawe leased to Angus MacPhee who then forms Kaho'olawe Ranch Company. $50,454,000 worth of imports arrive in the Islands; Exports total $80,947,000. Five-foot tidal wave hits Hilo but does little material damage. First inter-island round trip flight, between Honolulu and Molaka'i. Mark Grace of the Sixth Aero Squadron is Hawai'i's first airplane casualty. Honpa Hongwanji Temple built in Honolulu to commemorate the 700th anniversary of the founding of the Buddhist sect. It is the first Buddhist Temple in the world constructed of reinforced concrete. Korean Girls' Seminary run by Dr. Syngman Rhee changes its name to Korean Christian Institute. U.S. -- American and allied troops intervene in Russia during Civil War following the October Revolution of the previous autumn. Work on Pearl Harbor begins. Known to Hawai'ians as Wai Momi ( Pearl Waters), was once abundant with oysters. It is a natural harbor with a narrow entrance on O'ahu's leeward side. The dry dock was nearly finished in 1909 when workman clearing debris found a skeleton of a large shark in the foundation. After the cleansing by Hawai'ian Priests no problems more problems were accountered The Pearl Harbor drydock was formally opened in August 1918 by the Secretary of the Navy, Josephus Daniels. ++ 1919 -- The Morman Temple is dedicated at Laie, O'ahu. One hundred sixty-three Japanese language schools in operation. In the following year, the state legislature limits student attendance to one hour per day after public school hours. This action is declared unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1927. Yasutaro Soga becomes editor of Nippu Jiji, Japanese newspaper ( later Hawai'i Times.) Governor McCarthy recommends to the legislature the adoption of a memorial to Congress pressing for Statehood, and on Februrary 11, Delegate Kalanianaole introduces the first of a long sucession of bills to grant statehood to Hawai'i. April 29 -- Luke Field on Ford Island, Pearl Harbor, is developed as a joint Army and Navy air facility. First military airport dedicated . Influenza epidemic hits islands; out of 12,499 cases, 642 are fatal. Indoor public gatherings are prohibited as a public health measure. July 3 -- The first inter-island airmail flight takes place; two Army seaplanes leave Luke Field and arrive in Hilo with a bag o mail. Fire at Lahaina wipes out two blocks of commercial buldings. First large group of Samoans comes to Hawai'i. Peter Fukunaga opens a two-car repair garage after placing a down payment of $25. The Company grows to become Servco, the states's largest auto retailer $58,965,000 worth of imports arrive in Hawai'i; Exports total $102,614,000. Six non-plantation strikes take place during the year, including walk-outs by fishermen, telephone operators,iron workers, and molders. Honolulu Rapid Transit granted perpetual license to operate railway system. Eruption begins on Ka'u slopes of Mauna Loa and spawns a tidal wave that hits the Kona coast. Fountain erected in Kapi'olani Park to commemorate coronation of Japanese Emperor Yoshihito. U.S. At Versailles, a treaty is signed by the allies and Germany, incorporating Wilson's draft Covenant of the League of Nations. The Eighteenth Amendment, proposing national temperance, is adopted by Congress. Pogo stick invented. ++ 1920 -- The 1920 census reports a poulation of 255,912; the Japanese group comprises 42.7 percent of total, but the percentage declines thereafter. The Centenary of the arrival of the first American Missionaries is observed. Women in Hawai'i win the right to vote. Island visitors include the Prince of Wales, Prince Mahidol ( brother to the King of Siam ) and Crown Prince Carol of Rumania. Federal Bureau of Education survey i=of Island schools pressures the Territorial Government into segregating the public school system on the basis of English usage. Hawai'ian Swimmers Duke Kanahanamoku, Warren and Pua Kealoha, Bill Harrs and F. K. Kahele place in competition at the Olympic Games at Antwerp, Belguim. Kahanamoku and Pua Kealoha win gold medals as members of the U.S. 800 meter relay team. Warren Kealoha wins gold in the 100-meter backstroke and at 16 is the youngest male gold medallist in Olympic swim history. College of Hawai'i becomes the Uiversity of Hawai'i. Hawai'i's first and only train robbery occurs when a masked gunman stops a slow moving train of the Kekaha Sugar Company Ltd.,near Mana, Kaua'i and escapes with the locomotive and $10,000. $86,337,000 worth of imports arrive in Hawai'i; Exports total $195,821,000. Japanese Labor Federation forms to demand improvements from HSPA. ( Hawai'i Sugar Planters' Association ). A strike by Japanese and Filipino workers fails but signals the first interethnic cooperation between different labor groups. Contracts for Filipino laborers now provide the worker and family passage from the Phillipines to the Hawai'i plantation and back again after completion of 720 work days within a three year period. Earliest broadcast of music and speech is transmitted from the Electric Shop in Honolulu to the Pacific Heights home of a local family. November -- John Henry Wilson, enginer, is elected second Mayor of the City and County of Honolulu, to succeed Joseph J. Fern. Five major hotels now operate in Waikiki; the Moana, Seaside, Halekulani, Pierpoint and Waikiki Inn. Pan-Pacific Scientific conference forms to promote exploration and investigation throughout Polynesia. Fifty-thousand trout eggs introduced to Kaua'i rivers for sport fishing. Large lava lakes in Halema'uma'u crater at Kilauea produce violent fountains. Puerto Ricans in the Islands number 5,602. U.S. -- The Nineteenth Amendment granting suffrage to women, is adopted ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ continued in part 16. File at: http://files.usgwarchives.net/hi/statewide/newspapers/chronolo8nnw.txt This file has been created by a form at http://www.genrecords.net/hifiles/ File size: 15.0 Kb