Statewide County HI Archives News.....Hawai'ian Chronology and the United States -- Part 20. July 15, 2008 ************************************************ Copyright. All rights reserved. http://www.usgwarchives.net/copyright.htm http://www.usgwarchives.net/hi/hifiles.htm ************************************************ File contributed for use in USGenWeb Archives by: Darlene E. Kelley http://www.genrecords.net/emailregistry/vols/00026.html#0006374 August 3, 2008, 6:59 pm Keepers Of The Culture, A Study In Time Of The Hawaiian Islands July 15, 2008 Contributed for use in USGenWeb Archives by Darlene E. Kelley http://www.genrecords.net/emailregistry/vols/00026.html#0006374 July 15, 2008 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Historcal Collections of Hawai'i Keepers of the Culture A Study in time, of the Hawai'ian Islands Hawai'ian Chronology and the United States -- Part 20. by Darlene E. Kelley ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Chronology -- Part 20, ++ 1942 -- January 28 -- The Army transport " Royal T. Frank " is torpedoed by a Japanese submarine in Hawai'ian waters, with the loss of twenty-one lives. March 2 -- A single Japanese plane bombs Honolulu, increasing fears of invasion of the islands. Three bombs hit Tantalus. Distribution of gas masks begins. All civilians in the Islands required to register and be fingerprinted. Personal identification cards must be carried at all times. Blackout restrictions apply from 6 pm to 6am. Military Governor forbids withdrawal of more than $200 a month in cash from personal bank accounts; possession of more than $200 a any one time is also prohibited. All U.S. currency in the islands withdrawn and replaced with Hwai'ian series U.S. currency that includes the overprint " Hawaii." First group of about 40 Japanese families living in the Islands leaves Hawai'i to be exchanged for Americans living in japan; no one is sent without their will. May 10 -- A major eruption of Mauna Loa threatens defense facilities in Hilo, and Army planes seek to divert the lava flow by aerial bombing. June 5 -- Admiral Nimitz announces a major defeat of the Japanese fleet at Battle of Midway. This battle was so crucial to Hawai'i's survival. Its successful concusion was the turning point of the Pacific War. Summer -- About thirteen hundred volunteer Americans of Japanese ancestry leave Hawai'i for Camp McCoy, Wisconsin, to train as 100th Infantry Battalion for service in the war; nine months later this " Purple Heart Battalion" is incorporated into the 442nd regimental Combat team. July 23 -- Ingram M. Steinbeck is named ninth governor of the territory, he is reappointed on August 24,1946. Civil courts resume most normal functions but writs of habeas corpus remain suspended. Shichiro Watanabe, vice president of Hawai'i Kyoiku kai ( Japanese Educational Association ) orders all Japanese language schools in Hawai'i closed. $137,246,000 worth of imports arrive in Hawai'i from the United States. Total imports equal $143,377,000 while exports stand at $96,904,000. Gregg Sinclair appointed president of the University of Hawai'i. Betty Grable and Hilo Hattie star in " Song of the Islands." U.S. -- The Declaration of the United nations is signed in Washington, D.C. ++ 1943 -- President Roosevelt freezes prices, salaries, and wages to prevent wartime inflation. Eleanor Roosevelt tours Hawai'i for several days. 442nd Regimental Combat Team is activated. Blackout rules ease to allow lights in homes until 10 pm, except for rooms facing the sea. First night air raid alarm takes place. After 17 minutes, the all clear sounds and authorities announce the approach of " unidentified elements at sea .... later proved to be friendly." Waikiki off limits to servicemen due to dengue fever epidemic. Suspension of writ of habeas corpus ends and most civilian functions return to territorial control. Damages suffered by O'ahu civilians in connection with the December 7,1941 attack total $230,000. Penicillin introduced to Hawai'i but is initially restricted to military use, It is later made available to the public. Military order # 45 exempts Koreas from enemy allen status. Honolulu Plantation Company of Aiea, O'ahu starts operation of first cmmercial yeast plant in the islands. Employment stabilization plan announced by the war manpower commission effectively freezes 85,000 workers in their jobs. Richard Palmer Smart comes into sols possession of the Parker Ranch on the Big Island. He is the great grandson of Samuel Parker. Parker Ranch is comprised of more than 500,000 acres and is the second largest ranch in the country. Its value at the time was several million dollars. $ 180.198,000 worth of imports arrive in Hawai'i from the United States. Total imports equal $185,766,000 while exports stand at $103,391,000. ++ 1944 -- President Roosevelt makes a five day visit to the Islands for a conference. Martial law lifted; civil rights are fully restored. Three separate military -related accidents on O'ahu claim a total of 187 lives and injure 396. Explosion of LSTs in Pearl Harbor is the biggest. First Company of WACs arrives. Two Army planes collide and crash in Kalihi. Last air raid alarm of the war warns of potential danger. Honolulu's housing shortage is critical with 56,000 persons lacking adequate housing according to the Governors' coodinating committee on housing. Democratic National Convention urges Statehood for Hawai'i. Commercial rent control established in O'ahu. Governor Stainbeck orders Honolulu brothels closed. Halawa station opens; the incline shaft with an underground pump is the first water facility operating outside Honolulu city limits. $198,509,000 worth of imports arrives in Hawai'i; Exports total $85,141,000. The Laysan Rail, an endemic bird of Hawai'i discovered in 1828, becomes extinct. Freak storm hits windward Oahu with winds reaching 65 miles an hour at Waimanalo and Kaneohe. U.S. -- Bretton Woods Conference creates International Monetary Fund and World Bank. ++ 1945 -- August 14 -- News of Atom bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and imminent collapse of Japan's military forces arouses a spontaneous celebration of " V-J Day." Hawai'i celebrates with a three day holiday ending with a big victory parade. From the first large group of American Japanese interned, 450 return. Jack Burns resigns from Honolulu Police Department for a career in politics. Princess Abigail Kawananakoa, wife of the last heir to the Hawai'ian throne, dies. Volunteer army groups in the Islands inactivated. Punahou plant -- occupied by Army engineers during the war --is returned to the school. Admiral Nimitz relinguishes Command of the Pacific Fleet. Emergency Federal housing -- Kalihi War homes -- is filled with capacity; Government takes 85 acre Manoa site for more units. Curfew lifted, Censorship ends. Gas rationing lifted. Manpower controls end. Pan American World Airways is first airline to resume commercial operations in Hawai'i. Hawai'i Employment Relations Act passes; gives agricultural workers the same rights given by NLRB to industy workers on plantations. It also makes possible organization of agriculturial worker, and the ILWU becomes active on both sugar ad pineapple plantations. $267,046,000 worth of imports arrive in Hawai'i; Exports total $88,047,000. U.S. May 7 -- German forces surrender. San Francisco Conference in spring establishes United Nations. September 2 -- Japanese forces surrender. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ File at: http://files.usgwarchives.net/hi/statewide/newspapers/hawaiian13nnw.txt This file has been created by a form at http://www.genrecords.net/hifiles/ File size: 7.7 Kb