Statewide County HI Archives News.....Hawai'i Chronology and The United States - Part 4. June 2, 2008 ************************************************ Copyright. All rights reserved. http://www.usgwarchives.net/copyright.htm http://www.usgwarchives.net/hi/hifiles.htm ************************************************ File contributed for use in USGenWeb Archives by: Darlene E. Kelley http://www.genrecords.net/emailregistry/vols/00026.html#0006374 June 7, 2008, 2:50 pm Keepers Of The Culture, A Study In Time Of The Hawaiian Islands June 2, 2008 Contributed for use in USGenWeb Archives by Darlene E. Kelley http://www.genrecords.net/emailregistry/vols/00026.html#0006374. June 2, 2008. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Historical Collections of Hawai'i Keepers of the Culture A Study in the Time of the Hawai'ian Islands. Hawai'ian Chronology and the United States. -- Part 4. by Darlene E. Kelley ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Part 4. Hawai'ian Chronology and the United States. ++ 1832.-- The Amrican missionaries estimate the population this year at 130,313, A statement of expenditures of the Sandwich Islands Mission lists improvements made at each mission station, statistics on presents and income of land and the cost of the printing department ( $4,258 including $ 2,278 IN paper and other materials from New England.) Oahu Charity School commences. EDMUND HORTON ROGERS arrives in Hawai'i and takes sole charge of the Mission printing office. First edition of the elementary arithmetic text He helu Kamalii printed; the English language original was a standard text in New England schools for man years. He Hoikehonua, a geography text, published. Missionaries publish first Hawai'ian translation of the New Testament. KA'AHUMANU makes her second circuit of Maui and Hawai'i. JOHN DOMINUS, future prince consort to Queen LILI'UOKALANI is born. The Denmark Hill, the first whale ship under the Hawai'ian Flag, is fitted out by HENRY A. PIERCE and CAPT. G.W. COLE. May 17.-- The Fifth Company of American Missionaries arrives in the whale ship Averick under CAPT. SWAIN. Guitars arrive in Hawai'i via Mexican and Spanish vaqueros ( cowboys ) hired by KAMEHAMEHA III to control wild cattle. KA'AHUMANU, kuhina nui, dies on June 5th. July 23.- The United States Navy frigate Potomac arrives under Commodore JOHN DOWNES. ++ 1833.-- The Seaman's Bethel is opened in Honolulu by JOHN DIELL, providing sailors with a chance to learn how to read. May 1.-- The Sixth Company of American Missionaries arrives in the ship Mentor under CAPT. RICE. First hospital for forgeign sailors, the British Hospital for Seaman, established by an English tavern keeper. TYHUNE. a chinese business man in Honolulu, provides rooms for opium addicts from his country. KAMEHAMHEHA III, still a teenager, rebels against laws previously enacted. A status rivalry among Hawai'i's ali'i fuels extravagant consumer behavior, as merchant creditors demand payment for exotic clothing and other items, chiefs tax commoners beyond normal bounds, subtly and irrevocably changing the traditional subsistence economy. ++ 1834. KAPIOLANI, future queen of KALAKAUA, is born. KAMEHAMEHA III, now supportive of established laws, organizes the first police force. They are in training and are officially appointed in 1840. DAVID DOUGLAS, a naturalst, is killed in a bullock pit on the Big Island. February 9. ALEXANDER LIHOLIHO, the future KAMEHAMEHA IV, is born. February 14, - The first issue of Ka Lama Hawai'i, first periodical to appear in the North Pacific region, is printed at Lahainaluna Seminary press, a four page weekly in Hawai'ian language. This included lists of ship arrivals at Lahaina. March 5. - The first production of the O'ahu Amateur Theatre, later desribed as Honolulu's first community theater is given at the royal palace by some young Americans. $ 575,000 worth of imports arrive in Hawa'i during 1834-1835. Kuma Hawai'i newspaper starts publication in Honolulu. Kekumu Hawai'ian language newspaper begins printing in Honolulu. DAVID DOUGLAS, scottish botanist for whom the Douglas fir is named, dies on the island of Hawai'i after having fallen in a trap for wild cattle. Ke Anahonua -- one of the best known publications of the Lahainaluna Press -- includes sections on geometry, trigonometry, the measuring of heighth and lengths, land surveying, navigation and tables of latitude and longitude. Earliest Hawai'ian Almanac published at the Mission Press. ++ 1835.-- LYDIA BROWN conducts classes in spinning and weaving cloth from locally grown cotton at Wailuku, Maui. January 31- Future king LUNALILO is born. Law enacted classifying infanticide as murder. JULES DUDOIT, a ships Captain originally from Port Louis, Mauritius, arrives in the islands via Australa. He served as French Consul from 1837-1848 to Hawai'i. LADD and Company starts Hawai'i's first successful commercial sugar plantation at Koloa, Kaua.i. A fifty year lease is given to them. Later Dr. R.W. Wood obtains control. Account published of a circumnavigation by Dutch Naval ship Wilhelmina en Maria under JACOBUS BOELEN. December 16. - Death of old JOHN YOUNG. ++ 1836.-- A boarding school for boys opens at Hilo under missionary David and Sarah Lyman. The first Hawai'ian - English dictionary is published and contains about 5,700 words. Experiments are conducted in silk production at Koloa and Hanalei, Kauai, this effect never succeeds as an industry. July 30- The first English language newspaper, the Sandwich Island Gazette, is published in Honolulu by two Americans NELSON HALL and S.D. MACINTOSH. Islands import $ 413,000 worth of goods. September 28.-- The French Navy corvette Bonite under AUGUST NICOLAS VAILLANT arrives. The Capt obtains permission for the Irish Catholic priest ARSENIUS WALSH, who arrives September 30 on the American brig Garafilia, to remain in Hawai'i provided he does not teach Hawai'ians. October 23.- The British sloop of war Acteon under LORD EDWARD RUSSELL arrives, On November 16 LORD RUSSELL negotiates a treaty between Great Britain and the Sandwich Islands. U.S. The entire garrison of the Alamo is wiped out but the Texans win independence from Mexico after the battle of San Jacinto. The American Temperance Union, devoted to moderation in the use of alcohol, observes its first national convention. ++ 1837.-- The Oahu Bethel Church in Honolulu is opened for worship in charge of Rev. JOHN DIELL. The Central Female Boarding Seminary starts at Wailuku, Maui, to train suitable wives for graduates of Lahainaluna Seminary. April 9. The Eighth Company of American Missionaries arrives on the barque Mary Frazier under CHARLES SUMNER. April 17, The British brig Clementine under JULES DUDOIT, arrives with Catholic Missionaries ALEXIS BACHELOT and PATRICK SHORT abord MR. DUDOIT, owner of the Clemintine, hauls down her flag and surrenders the vessel to the Hawai'ian government under protest. July 8.-- The Royal Navy ship Sulphur, under SIR EDWARD BELCHER arrives in Honolulu. The French naval vessel Venus, under ABEL du PETITTHOUARS, arrives in Honolulu and with BELCHER becomes involved in the trouble over the future of the Catholic priests on the Clementine; PETITTHOUARS signs a treaty with the crown assuring the French residents equal treatment with other foreigners.. Tidal wave hits Hilo, killing 14 peole. The streets of central Honolulu are laid out. Earlest official record of windmills in the islands. KAMEHAMEHA III marries KALAMA HAKALELEPONIKAPAKUHAILI. $ 350.000 worth of goods arrive in the Islands. First real hospital, the Hospital for American Seaman is established in rented quarters in Waikiki. JAMES JACKSON JARVES, the first to write a history of Hawai'i in English, arrives in the Islands for te first of many stays. DR. THOMAS CHARLES BYDE ROOK initiates the recording of regular weather records in Honolulu, tracking barometric pressures, tempertures, wind direction, and rainfall. His records were published in the Honolulu Spector. ++ 1838. -- The Great Revival and evangelical crusade led by TITUS COAN and other preachers, begins and in a few years results in converting more than twenty thousand Hawai'ians to membersip in the Congregational Church. First sidewalks in Hawai'i. Hulihe'e Palace at Kailuakona built by KUAKINI, the governor of Hawai'i Island. $ 207.000 worth of imports arrive in Hawa'i. Lahainaluna Press issues first medical work ever printed in Hawai'ian. WILLIAM RICHARDS on July 3 is engaged to leave the mission and conduct political science with the chiefs. September 2. -- Future Queen LILIUOKALANI is born. ++ 1839. -- The first printing in the Pacific Northwest is run off by EDWIN OSCAR HALL on a small press brought from Honolulu. The Chiefs Children's School is opened in Honolulu under Mr.and MRS. AMOS STARR COOKE by an act of 1846 it was designated as the " Royal School " and placed under the ministry of public instrution. KAMEHAMEHA III and Chiefs review a Declaration of Rights. Mumps kill KINA'U May 10 -- A complete translation of the Holy Bible is available in Hawai'ian June 7,- A declaration of rights and duties, predecessor of a formal constitution, is drafted under the directions of WILIAM RICHARDS. June 17.-- A virtual edict of toloration of religious differences is issued by KAMEHAMEHA III. July 9.-- The French Navy frigate Artemise under C.P.T. LAPLACE arrives, and the captain forces the Hawai'ian government under duress to sign a treaty favorable to France and to pay $20,000 in reparations. The King, in council, orders no more punishments inflicted on Catholics for religious differences. Following a smallpox scare, 8,000 to 10,000 Hawai'ians are vaccinated in Honolulu, Hawai'i's first mass immunization effort. Royal proclaimation establishes a Board of Health composed of seven unpaid members. New laws established official gathering of vital statistics and specific quarentine regulations. First forestry law in Hawai'i restricts the cutting of Sandlewood. ++ 1840.-- The Clementine returns with Catholic Missionaries LOUIS MAIGRET, BISHOP ROUCHOUZE, and two other priests, who are allowed to stay and work in Hawai'i. June,-- The Polynesian, a newspaper is reestablished by JAMES J. JARVES as the official governmant journal Summer-- FREDERICK A. OLMSTEAD, future author of Incidents of a Whaling Voyage ( 1841 ), visits the islands. KAMANAWA and his accomplice publicly executed for the murder of his wife, KAMOKUIKI. $ 218,000 worth of imports arrive in the islands. CAPT.THOMAS CUMMINS, a shipping merchant from England, begins raising beef cattle and sheep in Waiimanalo. The United States sloop of war Vincennes arrives under Commodore JOHN WILKES, head of the United States Exploring Expedition, on September 23rd. October 8. -- the first constitution of the Kingdom is proclaimed by KAMEHAMEHA III. It changes government to a constitutional monarchy andcreates a House of Nobles and an eected House of Representatives. Hawai'i public schoo system established by KAMEHAMEHA III. Cornerstone of the Roman Catholic Church in Hnolulu is laid. Earliest lighthouse put into operation at Keawaiki, Lahaina. Unauthorized burials are forbidden in Honolulu. Serious or contagious diseases must be reported within 24 hours. ++ 1841. -- Punahou School established for Children of Missionaries. The Islands import $455,000 worh of goods. Earliest recorded strike occurs at Koloa Plantation on Kaua'i when native workers strike for higher wages. Registration of births made mandatory. May 21.-- The Ninth Company of American Missionaries arrives in ship Gloucester under CAPT. EASTERBROOK U.S. RALPH WALDO EMERSON, New England sage, begins publishing his Essays, which establish his international reputation. ++ 1842. July 11.-- Official opening of a school for children of Protestant missionaries is opened under the REV. and MRS. DANIEL DOLE. July 18.-- KAMEHAMEHA III sends WILLIAM RICHARDS and TIMOTEO HAALILIO as envoys to attempt to win recognition of Hawai'ian Independence in Great Britain, France, and the United States. August 24.-- The French corvette Embuscade, under CAPT. S. MALLET, arrives in Honolulu but leaves without enforcing previous demands. September 21.-- The Tenth Company of American missionaries arrives in brig Sarah Abigail under CAPT. DOANE. Kawaiaha'o church completed and JAMES HUNNEWELL presents the church with a large church clock. U.S. Migration over the Oregon Trail begins. ++ 1843 -- History of the Sandwich Islands by the REV. SHELDON DIBBLE is published at the Lahainaluna Seminary Press. A monthly journal " The Friend ," is established by REV. S.C. DAMON and runs for more than a century. January-- GEORGE BROWN is appointed commisoner of the United States for the Sandwich Islands and proves unsatisfactory and is repaced by ANTHONY TENEYCK, who arrives in Honolulu on June 9, 1846. February 10.-- LORD GEORGE PAULET arrives in the islands in the British frigate Carysfort to demand provisional cession of the Kingdom to Great Britain and the British flag flies over the Islands for five months until British ADMIRAL RICHARD THOMAS arrives to rescind cession and negotiates a favorable trade treaty on July 26. On July 31 the Hawai'ian flag is again raised and the kingdom is restored to KAMEHAMEHA III. May 2.-- HERMAN MELVILLE is discharged from the whale ship Charles and Henry at Lahaina,Maui; he comes to Honolulu and departs August 20 as an enlisted seaman on the frigage United States under JAMES ARMSTRONG. November 28.-- A joint Anglo-French declaration is signed in London formally recognizing the independence of the Sandwich Islands; in the summer of 1844, Secretary of State JOHN C> CALHOUN in Washington reaffirms America recognition. First paper money engraved in Hawai'i printed at Lahainaluna Seminary. Imports of the islands total $223,000; exports come to $ 158,000. Mauna Loa erupts. Masonic order established in Honolulu. T.R. FOSTER and Company of Honolulu incorprates as the Inter-Island Steam Navagation Company. Employee JOHN ENA invests heavily in stock and eventually becomes company president. Catholic Mssion operates about 100 schools with some 3,000 students. ++ 1844. -- February 3.-- GENERAL WILLIAM MILLER and ROBERT CRICHTON WYLLIE arrive in Honolulu on ship Hazard; WYLLIE is to serve in the cabinet of the kingdom for twenty years April 23.-- SANFORD BALLARD DOLE, future president of the Republic of Hawai'i and first governor of the territory, is born. July 15.-- Eleventh Company of American Missionaries arrives in brig Globe under CAPT. DOANE. JOHN RICORD arrives in the islands as the only attorney in the Kingdom and is soon appointed the Attorney General. HA'ALILO, one of the first Hawai'ian Commissioners to England and France, dies on his pasage home. First exportation of island silk. Island imports total $ 350,000; exports come to $109,000. First windmill in Honolulu erected in the yard of WILLIAM FRENCH, in the middle of what is now Alakea Street between Hotel and Beretania Streets. U.S. SAMUEL FINKLY BREESE MORSE receives a patent on his invention of a practical electric-telegraph system. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ to be continued in part 5. File at: http://files.usgwarchives.net/hi/statewide/newspapers/hawaiich8nw.txt This file has been created by a form at http://www.poppet.org/hifiles/ File size: 15.5 Kb