Statewide County HI Archives News.....Important People - Part 8. July 30, 2008 ************************************************ Copyright. All rights reserved. http://www.usgwarchives.net/copyright.htm http://www.usgwarchives.net/hi/hifiles.htm ************************************************ File contributed for use in USGenWeb Archives by: Darlene E. Kelley http://www.genrecords.net/emailregistry/vols/00026.html#0006374 August 3, 2008, 7:29 pm Keepers Of The Culture, A Study In Time Of The Hawaiian Islands July 30, 2008 Contributed for use in USGenWeb Archives by Darlene E. Kelley http://www.genrecords.net/emailregistry/vols/00026.html#0006374' July 30, 2008 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Historical Collections of Hawai'i Keepers of the Culture A Study in time, of the Hawai'ian Islands Important People -- Part 8. by Darlene E. Kelley ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Part 8 Important People ALFRED WELLINGTON CARTER (1867-1949) Born in Honolulu, a grandson of Joseph Oliver Carter, Alfred attended Punahou School and received a law degree from Yale in 1893. He practiced with his cousin, Charles L. Carter, wo was the first fatality of the counter-revolution of 1895. Alfred served as deputy attorney general and from 1896 to 1897 was judge of the first Circuit. He helped to organize several cmpanies before beginning a new career as guardian of the estate of Thelma K. Parker, fourth-generation heiress of the celebrated Parker Ranch. Carter gave up his thriving Honolulu practice to manage the ranch on the Big Island. He made many modern improvements and built the holdngs into one of the greatest meat producers under the American Flag. The ranch also grazed Merino sheep and reared racehorses and polo ponies. The trusteeship ended in 1943 with the death of Thelma's mother, but Carter continued as agent of the new owner, Thelma Parkers' son Richard Palmer Smart. +++++++++++++++++ GEORGE ROBERT CARTER (1866-1933 ) Born in Honolulu, son of Henry A.P. Carter, George attended Phillips Andover Academy, Massachusetts, and Yale University. He began his business career in Honolulu as cashier for C. Brewer & Co fron 1895 to 1898, and then became manager of the Hawai'ian Trust Co., 1900-1902. He was elected to the Territorial Senate in 1901, was appointed secretary of the Territory in 1902, and was appointed governor 1903-1907, by Theodore Roosevelt. After retirement from active business, he collected a private library of Hawai'iana. Carter succeeded Sanford B. Dole as governor of the Territory and continued Dole's efforts to guide the islands through the period of adjustment to the territorial form of government. It was still difficult to persuade legislators that the conduct of publi business was a serios responsibility, but Carter got along in this enterprise somewhat better than did his predecessor. ++++++++++++++++++ HENRY AUGUSTUS PIERCE CARTER ( 1837-1891 ) This future financier and diplomat was born in Honolulu, son of Hannah Lord and Captain Joseph Oliver Carter, a New Englander who had tradede in the Pacific since 1825. Captain Carter founded an Island family that continued to be prominent for more than a century. In 1840 the captain took his family to Boston and left his sons there to be educated. By 1847 he had lost his fortune and was obliged to send for them to help him. Henry, then a boy of twelve, returned to his birthplace but, when his father died in 1850, went to California and held several small jobs. Back in Honolulu, at the age of nineteen, he was hired as a clerk by Charles Brewer II and began an outstanding business career. It was said that he made more money from private investments than from his salary. He was made a partner in the Brewer firm in 1862 and married Sybil Augusta Judd, a daughter of Dr. Gerrit P. Judd. The pair had five children, including George R. Carter and Joseph Oliver Carter, Jr. Henry soon saw the promise of te sugar industry and C. Brewer became a leading sugar factor. In 1871, Carter showed his acumen by bringing into the firm the talents of Peter Cushman Jones during a period of risk and debt. The need for a reciprocity treaty with the United States resulted in the sending of Carter to Washington in 1874 to aid Judge Elisha H. Allan in securing such a treaty. Successful, Carter was then sent by the King to explain to the diplomats of Great Britain, France, and Bismark's Germany, this apparent favorism by the United States. When Carter returned from his European mission he found that the need for a new source of plantation labor required him to go to Portugal in 1882 and there arrange a treaty regulating immigration of workers from that country. In 1883, upon the sudden death of Judge Allen, Hawai'ian minister resident in Washington, Carter was sent to replace him, and remained there in this imortant post until his own death. During these years, he became dean of the diplomatic corps in the American capitol and repeatedly protected the reciprocity treaty, he saw its renewal in 1887, with a clause allowing the United States to use a naval base at Pearl Harbor. +++++++++++++++++++ JOSEPH OLIVER CARTER JR. ( 1835-1909 ) Carter was the eldest son of Captain Joseph Oliver Carter and the elder brother of Henry A.P. Carter. Joseph Jr. born in Honolulu, was to become a journalist, public official, diplomat, financier, and philanthropist. He was schooed in Boston from 1840 to 1847, when he returned to Hawai'i. After a sojourn in the California goldfields, he returned to Honolulu once more and was on the staff of the Pacific Commercial Advertiser from the late 1850's until 1872. For a decade he was also marine correspondant in Hawai'i for the New York Herald. Elected to the legislature in 1872, Carter adocated reforms in the treatment of indentured laborers on plantations. He was appointed registrar of public accounts in 1874 and served until 1880, when he resigned to become a cashier for C. Brewer & Co. He became president of that firm in 1891 uponthe resignation of Peter Cushman Jones, but resigned in 1894 because of his political views ---- he had been a privy counciller under Queen Lili'okalani. After the Revolution in 1893, Carter was put in charge of the business affairs of the former queen and also was a trustee of the estate of James Campbell, the estate of Bernice Pauahi Bishop, and the Kamehameha Schools. He reconciled his differences with the annexationists and became a member of the Board of Health under the Republic. He was active in religious affairs and was a trustee of Central Union Church. Carter in 1859 married Mary Elizabeth Ladd and they had six children. ++++++++++++++++ ALEXANDER JOY CARTWRIGHT ( 1820-1892 ) Cartwright, the acknowledged " father of baseball," was the cashier of the Union Bank of New York City, when he laid out the first baseball diamond as it is now known and planned the rules of the game. He also organized the Knickerbocker Baseball Club, ancestor of the big teams of today. In 1842, he married Eliza Ann Gerritse Van Wie of Albany and they had three sons and two daughter. Cartwright joined the California gold rush but soon embarked on a round the world cruise. He landed in Honolulu in August, 1849, and was offered a position in the city. Two years later, he went into business for himself and founded a prosperous firm. He sent for his family and lived in Hawai'i for forty-five years. becoming a close friend of the royal family, especially Kamehameha IV. He joined in the founding of Queen's Hospital, the American Seaman's Institute, and the Honolulu Library and Reading Room. He was also founder of the Honolulu Fire Department in 1851. At his death the firm was carried on by his two sons, Bruce and Alexander JOy Cartwright. Bruce was a leader in any business ventures, such as the First National Bank, the Henry Waterhouse Trust Co, and the Honolulu Rapid Transit Co. ++++++++++++++++++ MARY TENNEY CASTLE (1819-1907) Second wife of Samuel N. Castle, Mary Tenny was born in Plainfield, New York, and trained as a teacher. In Honolulu she devoted herself to charitable works and helped establish the Henry and Dorthy Castle Memorial Kindergarten. She was apparently the first woman in the islands to advocate female suffrage. She worked for prison reform and was a member of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union and the Woman's Board of Missions. She established in 1898 the Mary Castle Trust for charities and education, later the Samuel N and Mary Castle Foundation. +++++++++++++++++++++ SAMUEL NORTHRUP CASTLE (1808-1894) Born in Cazenovia, New York, Castle arrived in Honolulu in 1837 with the Eighth Company of American Missionaries, to serve as assistant superintendent of secular affairs for the mission. Through his experience as a bank cashier, Castle built up a considerable business in handling supplies for the mission and the financial accounts of its members. In 1851, Castle was released from his duties and with Amos Starr Cooke, a fellow mission worker, the firm of Castle & Cooke became one of the Big Five corporations and is still outstanding in the Island busness. Castle was a privy councillor for twenty years and a treasurer and trustee of Punahou School for forty years; he served in the Legislature in 1864-65, and was a member of the House of Nobles for three sessions Castle in 1936, married Angeline Loraine Tenny, by whom he had one daughter. After his wife's death in Hawai'i, he made a trip to Boston and there married her sister, Mary Tenny Castle, by whom he had ten children. The Castles and their descendants formed a large family that was prominent in island history. +++++++++++++++++ ANTONIO DANIEL CASTRO (1883-1957) Born on the island of Madeira, Castro was brought to Honolulu at the age of three. He was educated in the public schools ad from 1899 to 1902 was a clerk in a store. He married Mary Franca in 1911. In 1909, he was treasurer of the Mutual Building & Loan Society, and thereafter was an officer in a number of companies. He began serving as consul for several South American countries in 1915. In 1924, he organized the Honolulu Finance and Thrift Co., the first institution in the islands to make personal loans to wage earners; he was president for a quarter of a century. The firm became a subsidiary of Seaboard Financial Co., in 1956. Castro founded A.D. Castro & Co. the same year. He was a member of the Territorial Legislature from 1906 to 1910 and served on several government commissions. He was treasurer of the Portugese Charitable Society; president of the Honolulu Realty Board, and a member of various clubs. The Castros had four children. +++++++++++++++++ GEORGE DAVID CENTER (DAD) (1886-1962 ) Center was born in Kipahulu, Mau'i, where his father managed a sugar plantation. In 1920, he started a sporting-goods store in that city and ran it until his retirement in 1950. Center was interested early in water sports, and on a surfboard made by him, set an unofficial distance record in 1917 from the sight of the Elks Club in Waikiki Beach. He participated in sailing and canoe racing, and was one of the earliest members of the Outrigger Canoe Club. He coached a team including ten swimmers from Hawai'i , one of them Duke Kahanamoku for the 1920 Olympics. ++++++++++++++++++ DANIEL CHAMERLAIN ( 1762-1860 ) Chamberlain was born at Westboro. Massachusetts, and was a Captain in the War of 1812. He was a skilled farmer. During the summer previous to leaving with the First Company of American Missionaries in 1819, Chamberlain and two older sons attended the Mission School at Cornwall, Connecticut. He and his wife, Jerusha Burnap Chamberlain, and their five children sailed on the Thaddeus and upon arrival in Honolulu were stationed in that town from 1820 to 1823. Farming by mainland standards was not feasible, and Chamberlain turned his efforts to building houses and caring for mission property. Because the climate was unsuited to his health and because his large family needed schooling, Chamberlain was released from his duties and the family returned to the United States in 1823. +++++++++++++++++++ LEVI CHAMBERLAIN ( 1792-1849 ) Born in Dover, Vermont, Chamberlain was an unmarried member of the Second Company of the American Missionaries that arrived in Honolulu in 1823. He was made superintendent of secular affairs for the mission, taveled around O'ahu on foot, and taught classes attended by apprentice teachers. In 1828, he married Maria Patton, a Lahaina mission teacher, and the couple reared no fewer than eight children. In spite of weak lungs, Levi worked tirelessly and was widely respected and loved. Two trips away from Hawai'i in search of improved health were his only respite from his labors, which ended in his death in Honolulu. +++++++++++++++++ ALONZO CHAPIN (1805-1876 ) Born in West Springfield, Massachusetts, Chapin graduated from Amherst College in 1826 and took a medical degree at the University of Pennsylvania in 1831. He married Mary Ann Tenney, the same year and a month later, the couple sailed for Hawai'i with the Fifth Company of American missionaries. On arrival in 1832, they were stationed at first at Lahaina, Mau'i, and then at Waimea, Kaua'i. Chapin later helped Lorrin Andrews at the Lahainaluna Press, teaching youths to engrave on wood for illustrating books, and on copper for printing maps. At Honolulu, Dr. Chapin assisted Dr. Gerrit P. Judd during the last illness of Queen Kaahumanu in 1832. Owing to poor health of Mrs. Chapin, the couple returned to Massachusetts in 1837. She none the less, survived her husband by nine years and died at the age of eighty one. The pair had one daughter. +++++++++++++++++++ RICHARD CHARLTON ( ? - 1852 ) Charlton was British consul in Hawai'i from 1825 to 1842, and led the opposition of local traders to the influence of the American mission on the ruling chiefs. During the abortive rebellion of Boki in 1829, one of Charlton's cows was shot and killed by a Hawai'ian, a trifling event that led to the " cow edict " by Kamehameha III that was his first attempt to codify the laws of the Kingdom. It offered the same protection to foreigners as that given to natives. Later events caused Charlton to work for British interference in Hawai'ian affairs. In 1840, he claimed some land that he said had been given him years before. En route to England in 1842 to present his claims, he apparently complained in Mexico to Lord George Paulet, who was sent to Hawai'i in 1843. In 1847, Charlton still in England, finally received legal title to the land. +++++++++++++++++++ LOUIS ( LUDWIG ) CHORIS ( 1795 - 1828 ) Choris, a young Russian of German descent, accompanied Otto von Kotzebue on the voyage of the Rurik and made many sketches and watercolors of the Islands in 1816, during the reign of Kamehameha I ( including several portraits from life of this ruler in his later years ). On a later round the world voyage, this time under French auspices, Choris was murdered by bandits while traveling from Vera Cruz to Mexico City +++++++++++++++++ EPHRAIM WESTON CLARK ( 1799-1878 ) Born in Haverhill, New Hampshire, Clark graduated from Dartmouth College in 1824 and earned a master's degree in 1827. He graduated from Andover Theological Seminary in the same year and married Mary Kittredge in September. The couple sailed in November with the Third Company of American missionaries and were stationed at Honolulu fron 1828 to 1834, laboring among seaman before the establishment of the Seaman's Chapel by Rev. John Diell. Clark was sent to Lahainaluna in 1834 and stayed there until 1843, with a five month respite in 1839 during which he sailed to China for his health. From 1843 to 1848, he labored at Wailuku, Mau'i, and then returned to Honolulu to become third pastor of Kawaiahao Church for fifteen years. Clark translated a number of books into Hawai'ian. He was appointed chairman of a committee to revise the Hawai'ian Scriptures in 1857 and in 1864 went to New York to supervise its publication. He resigned from the American Board in that year and was put in charge of the Hawai'ian printing at the tract house in New York, in 1867, where he translated the bible dictionary and put it through the press. By his first wife ( he was remarried in 1859 to Sarah Helen Richards Hall after Mary Kittredge died in 1857 ) he had eight children. +++++++++++++++++++ ARCHIBALD SCOTT CLEGHORN ( 1835 - 1910 ) Born in Edinburgh, Scotland, Cleghorn came to Hawai'i at the age of sixteen and rose to be a prosperous merchant. He married Princess Mariam Likelike in 1870 and as the brother-in-law of Kalakaua and Lili'uokalani was for years a valued advisor to the crown. Moreover, as th father of Princess Kaiulani, he was a prominent figure in the revolutionary period from 1887 to 1895. Cleghorn built the mansion on Emma Street that became the original Pacific Club, of which he was president for forty six years. He was likewise, the first president of the Queen's Hospital, and was a member of the privy council under Kalakaua; the Board of Health; the Board of Prison Inspectors; and the Board of Immigration, He wa Honolulu's first Park Commisioner and has been called the father of Hawai'i's park system; designer of Emma Park; Thomas Square; Kawaiahao Church grounds; Royal Mausoleum grounds; and Kapiolani Park. He built a spacious estate at Ainahau, Waikiki, a showplace where he entertained residents and visitors for many years. He succeeded John Owen Dominis in 1891 as governor of the island of O'ahu, and in 1907 was considered for the post of governor of the Territory of Hawai'i. +++++++++++++++++ SAMUEL LANGHORNE CLEMENS [ MARK TWAIN ] (1835 - 1910 ) Clemons " the Lincoln of our literture, " who had only recently begun to use the pen name of " Mark Twain," arrived in Honolulu aboard the steamer Ajax on March 18, 1866, and stayed for four months, writing a series of travel letters for a California newspaper. He was born in Florida, Missouri. Clemens had been a printer and reporter, riverboat pilot, and Western journalist. This first trip outside his native United States gave him much needed period of refreshment as well as material for another profession ( that of popular lecturer), and provided amusing articles still worthwhile reading. A tireless, sightseer, he usually rode around O'ahu garbed in a starched, brown linen duster reaching to his ankles, talking and gesticulating so much that people who did not know him, thought he was drunk. After a tour of Mau'i, where he climbed to the summit of the crater of Haleakala and then viewed lao Valley, he took a schooner to the Kona Coast, visited the Kau district, and described euptions at Kilauea Volcano. Visiting the sugar plantations of the Hamakua region, he then caught a little steamer at Kawaihae to return to Honolulu. His series of twenty-five picturesque letters give the best and most intimate evocation of Island life in the year following the end of the American Civil War. Five chapters of "Twain's Roughing It" ( 1872 ) also draw upon his Hawai'ian adventure. When Clemens returned to California he was "about the best known honest man on the Pacific Coast." He began there a series of lecturers often billed as " Our Fellow Savages of The Sandwich Islands." The later career of Clemens were many books, he wrote and published, and was a very talented lecturer. [ This transcriber is proud of the fact that he is a distant paternal cousin and has the priviledge of owning several pieces of furniture from his California home.] ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Continued in Part 9. File at: http://files.usgwarchives.net/hi/statewide/newspapers/importan29nnw.txt This file has been created by a form at http://www.genrecords.net/hifiles/ File size: 19.9 Kb