The Ivie Chronology, Missouri Bio's
History of an American Migration
1800-1900






Missouri 

My father was a Mormon and did not stay in one place very long at one time, and while in Missouri we lived mostly in a tent. I was raised that way.  James Alexander Ivie 

		The various Ivie, Allred and Billington families migrated from Tennessee to Monroe county, MO during the Fall and Winter of 1829-30, likely attracted by ads similar to one appearing in the Columbia Missouri Intelligencer.  This was a period of tremendous influx into Monroe county.  

              	"During the years 1829-30 emigration came in rapidly. Theinconvenience of being so remote from the county seat. New London, and the hope of more rapid settlement, induced the pioneers during the latter part of the year 1830 to take steps to secure the organization of a new county. The subject was laid before the General Assembly of the State, was favorably considered"  On January 6, 1831, Monroe County was formed.

       	James Russell Ivie purchased 80 acres of land as early as January 9, 1830. Various Anderson and James R. Ivie land holdings are located in Township 54North 8West, along the South Fork of Salt River, a few miles southwest of the village of Florida, near present day State Highway 154 and the junction of County Road E.

	17 March - A son, James A Ivie, is born to James Russell Ivie and Eliza Fausett Ivie, in Monroe county, MO.



      Florida, Missouri

       		"Florida is situated upon a high point of land between the Middle and North Forks of Salt River, near their junction in the eastern part of Monroe county. This seems to have been selected as a suitable place for a settlement even by the aborigines and the mound builders, as numerous piles, in a perfect state of preservation to this day, fully attest. The hills, covered with a heavy growth of timber, protected them from the bleak winds of winter and furnished, also, a hiding-place for deer and turkeys, upon which, to a great extent, they must have subsisted. The shoals, too, upon which the mills are built, supplied them an excellent place for spearing fish; for the water in those days, before the ground was broken by the plow, was clear. The two mills, which formed the first starting points of the town, were built about the same time, in 1827. The mill on the South fork was erected by Peter Stice, a jolly Dutchman; that on the North fork by Richard Cave. Stice's mill was purchased by Hugh A. Hickman during the fall of 1830 and operated by him for nearly 40 consecutive years. Perhaps no mill in the State was ever run so long by the same individual, nor was ever a business more faithfully managed than was this loved calling by the old Captain, as he was familiarly called...Large quantities of flour were hauled regularly to Hannibal and Mexico (Missouri), and shipped from thence to St. Louis, until the Hickman flour was well known at one time in the city. Hugh A. Hickman ran out several boats loaded with flour to Louisiana, on the Mississippi, at the mouth of Salt river, and brought back one boat lightly loaded with sugar, coffee and other articles of merchandise. Florida was declared the head of navigation on Salt river, and was thought by those brave and ambitious pioneers to be a favorable point for the founding of a great commercial town. The town was accordingly laid off by Maj. Wm. N. Penn, Hugh A. Hickman and others, and although the bright dreams which swelled the hearts of these noble pioneers were not realized, Florida has always held the rank of a respectable and enterprising village.
       		The first store in the vicinity was kept by Maj. Penn for a man named Roundtree, at Stice's mill, and was in operation there in 1831. He afterwards removed to Florida, and from thence to Paris, where he acted for more than 20 years as county clerk.

       		"Florida, Missouri, was a small village in the early thirties smaller than it is now, perhaps, though in that day it had more promise, even if less celebrity. The West was unassembled then, undigested, comparatively unknown. Two States, Louisiana and Missouri, with less than half a million white persons, were all that lay beyond the great river. St. Louis, with its boasted ten thousand inhabitants and its river trade with the South, was the single metropolis in all that vast uncharted region. There was no telegraph; there were no railroads, no stage lines of any consequence - scarcely any maps. For all that one could see or guess, one place was as promising as another, especially a settlement like Florida, located at the forks of a pretty stream. Salt River, which those early settlers believed might one day become navigable and carry the merchandise of that region down to the mighty Mississippi, thence to the world outside."
       		
      		An account by Mark Twain (Samuel L. Clemens) written in 1877, gives this further description of Florida, a town he would continue to spend much time in during his adolescence and early adulthood, even through the family had moved to nearby Hannibal.

        		 I was born the 30th of November, 1835, in the almost invisible village of Florida, Monroe County, Missouri. I suppose Florida had less than three hundred inhabitants. It had two streets, each a couple of hundred yards long; the rest of the avenues mere lanes, with rail fences and cornfields on either side. Both streets and the lanes were paved with the same material - tough black mud in wet times, deep dust in dry.
         		Most of the houses were of logs - all of them, indeed, except three or four; these latter were frame ones. There were none of brick, and none of stone. There was a log church, with a puncheon floor and slab benches. A puncheon floor is made of logs whose upper surfaces have been chipped flat with the adz. The cracks between the logs were not filled;  there was no carpet; consequently, if you dropped anything smaller than a peach, it was likely to go through. The church was perched upon short sections of logs, which elevated it two or three feet from the ground. Hogs slept under there, and whenever the dogs got after them during services, the minister had to wait till the disturbance was over. In winter there was always a refreshing breeze up through the puncheon floor; in summer there were fleas enough for all.
         		A slab bench is made of the outside cut of a saw log, with the bark side down; it is supported on four sticks driven into auger holes at the ends; it has no back or cushions. The church was twilighted with yellow tallow candles in tin sconces hung against the walls. Week days, the church was a schoolhouse.
        		There were two stores in the village. My uncle, John A Quarles, was proprietor of one of them. It was a very small establishment, with a few rolls of "bit" calicos on half a dozen shelves; a few barrels of salt mackerel, coffee, and New Orleans sugar behind the counter; stacks of brooms, shovels, axes, hoes, rakes and such things here and there; a lot of cheap hats, bonnets, and tinware strung on strings and suspended from the walls; and at the other end of the room was another counter with bags of shot on it, a cheese or two, and a few pigs of lead, and behind it a barrel or two of New Orleans molasses and native corn whiskey on tap. If a boy bought five or ten cents' worth of anything, he was entitled to half a handful of sugar from the barrel; if a woman bought a few yards of calico she was entitled to a spool of thread in addition to the usual gratis "trimmin's"; if a man bought a trifle he was at liberty to draw and swallow as beg a drink of whiskey as he wanted.
         		Everything was cheap: apples, peaches, sweet potatoes, Irish potatoes, and corn, ten cents a bushel; chickens, ten cents apiece; butter, six cents a pound; eggs, three cents a dozen; coffee and sugar, five cents a pound; whiskey, ten cents a gallon...
         		At first my father owned slaves, but by and by he sold them and hired others by the year from the farmers. For a girl of fifteen he paid twelve dollars a year and gave her two linsey-wolsey frocks and a pair of "stogy" shoes - cost, a modification of nothing; for a negro woman of twenty-five, as general house servant, he paid twenty-five dollars a year and gave her shoes and the aforementioned linsey-wolsey frocks; for a strong negro woman of forty, as cook, washer, etc., he paid forty dollars a year and the customary two suits of clothes; and for an able-bodied man he paid from seventy-five to a hundred dollars a year and gave him two suits of jeans and two pairs of "stogy" shoes - an outfit that cost about three dollars.


 1831      		Cousin William Moore Allred leaves the following account of the first years in Missouri: "I was born on the 24th of December 1819 in Bedford County, Tennessee, fifty miles south of the city of Nashville. My parents were very religious. I believe they belonged to the Presbyterian Church. I never had much chance for an education, and it was very old fashioned at that. I remember of going to Sabbath School a few times where I was born, and went a few times to the Camp Meetings, but yet I was too young to understand much about Doctrine. When I was about ten or eleven years old my Parents moved to Missouri, about five hundred miles North, and settled in Monroe County on the State Road within 3 miles of one of the three forks of Salt River. We found this to be quite different Country (from) where I was born. I do not remember ever seeing the snow over six inches deep and perhaps it would go off next day and then it would be mud but the first winter we lived in Missouri I think the snow fell in November, al)out five feet deep, and that stayed on the ground all winter and towards spring there came a thaw and then froze a crust on the snow so we could walk on it, and as there were plenty of Deer in that Country (it being a new country) we could go out and find the Deer and when they would jump they would break through and the dogs could run on top the snow so we could catch them. While living at this place, I killed the first Deer I ever killed.
       		I remember the first winter I frosted my feet some and could not be out much for a long while and my two younger Brothers, Reddin A. and Reddick N. (twins) had no shoes, and my oldest Brother, John Calvert, would bring in wood for us and we would spell and read, and that was the way the twins commenced to learn to read. If I remember right I was the first school teacher they ever had and that was the first school I ever taught and the only one.

Census - Rails County - 1830

		Ezekial Billington 
		James R. Ivie 
		John R (A) Ivy 
		Anderson Ivy

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       		Joseph Smith identifies Jackson County, Missouri as the Mormon Zion, and settlement begins. Much proselytizing takes place in Missouri by church members passing back and forth from Kirtland, Ohio and Jackson County, Missouri. The Ivie-Allred settlement was on the major east-west road through northern Missouri. It is not surprising that Mormon missionaries soon found them

       		"The first public road established in the county was what is now known as the 'Old London Trace.' It began at Fox's settlement, followed along down the dividing ridge between the Elk Fork and the South Fork, crossing the latter near where the Louisiana road now crosses the same stream. ..The first road overseers were appointed at the August term of the court.
       		Stephen Scobee was made overseer of road district number I, of the old London road in Jefferson township, which laid between the Monroe county line east and John A. lves (Ivie's)
       		Charles Eales was appointed overseer of district number 2, of the London road, which laid between John A. lves (Ivie's), and township line dividing Jefferson and Jackson townships.
       		Roads were then ordered to be laid off from the town of Paris to Columbia, Boone county; from Paris to the London road at the west end of John McLamey's lane; from Paris to intersect the Fayette and Franklin road; from Paris to the town of Florida.

            Encounters with Missionaries

	Reddick N Allred, relates:
       		"My parents were members of a school of Presbiterians and brought up their children to reverence a God and were very exemplary in their lives, so that when a new religion was introduced they naturally looked at it with suspicion, having been taught that Prophets and Apostles were no longer needed, so cried false Prophet.
       		In 1831 two men preached in our settlement saying a new Prophet had organized a new church and introduced a new gospel or rather the old one come again. His name was Joseph Smith. Their names were Hyrum Smith, brother of the Prophet and John Murdock. Other Elders were passing every few months from Kirtland to Jackson County, Missouri - the gathering place for the Saints, and father opened his house for meetings." 

	4-11 August - Hyrum Smith and John Murdock, two elders traveling to a church conference in Missouri, stayed at the Ivie's the week between August 4-11. From John Murdocks journal we learn:
       		"August 1st travelled 28 miles and crossed the Illinois River, 2nd, 30 miles to Mississippi River Louise-Ana [Louisiana] Ferry and got my feet wet by which I took a violent cold by which I suffered near unto death, 3rd, crossed the river into Missouri, travelled 25 miles to New London, found it a very wicked place.
       		As we slept in a tavern, in the night Brother Hyrum lay on the far side of the bed with his hand out on our clothes, which hung on a chair by the bedside, and a person seized his wrist. Brother H cried out, "Who is there," and at the same time broke his hold, which awoke me. We heard the bedstead in the other room creak which notified us that he had gone to bed. Thursday 4th, arrived at Salt River where we preached next day, but I was sick and went to bed, and we continued there near one week and then I gave my watch in pay to Wm. Ivy to carry me in a wagon to Charidon 70 miles, we stayed there 2 days. "

William McLellin Meets the Ivies & Allreds

       		The future Apostle William E. McLellin, meets with missionaries Harvy Whitlock and David Whitmer, at Paris, Illinois where he taught school, on July 18th. They are on their way to Independence, Missouri for a Church Conference, proselytizing as they go. The recently widowed, and still grieving McLellin is so taken with their message that he closes his school and heads off with them for Independence. They separate in Shelby County, Illinois, the missionaries taking the more southerly route through St. Louis, while McLellin heads north through Springfield, Illinois and northern Missouri
       		The contemplative McLellin obviously wanted the time alone with his recently purchased Book of Mormon, and his pocket bible to figure out his own take on what those "quear beings" Whitlock and Whitmer had been preaching. On the way he stops with his uncle and brother to get their take on it as well. He also wanted to get to Independence before Whitlock and Whitmer to see how their testimony jived with the other missionaries gathering there.
       		In Monroe County, Missouri he meets up with the Ivie family. Hyrum Smith and John Murdock had passed through just days before. For McLellin the stop at the Ivies got him breakfast, apparently without charge, but he is badgered by Mrs Ivie to sell her his own treasured copy of the Book of Mormon. Without this distraction, he increases his pace to Independence, Jackson County, Missouri, and the promise of Zion.
       		The Ivie-Allred settlement soon became a hospitable though, not entirely salubrious stop-off on the Mormon missionary circuit.  A number of Mormon missionaries stop to recuperate from gastro-intestinal complaints before moving on. John Murdock spent a sick week at the Ivie's just before McLellin first encounters them. McLellin, himself, later takes to bed for a week at the home of Isaac Allred, complaining that he was as sick as he had ever been in his life. "My bowels also were much affected, which caused severe vomiting and purging," he writes. It is likely that these missionary visits were not unadulterated bliss for the women, who had to care for and clean up after these itinerate invalids, and endure two and three hour long sermons as well. The fact that so many convalescents ended up at the Ivie-Allred settlement likely attests more to their hospitality, than a lack of hygiene.
      		The first few pages of this journal are included to give a sense of the fervor with which the Mormon message was received, and the millieu in which that message took seed. Though never demonstrably emotional, and rarely revealing of the personal and inter-personal, McLellin's journals nonetheless chronicle a passionate quest, and certainly a turning point in his life, and in the lives of those who embraced the Mormon faith.

  Wm. E McLellin's Journal.
          Commenced the 18th of July 1831.

	"At this time I was living in Paris, Illinois. Teaching school - This morning I heard very early that two men (who said they were traveling to Zion which they said was in upper Missouri. They had also a book with them which they sd was Revelation from God. calling it the book of Mormon) were to preach 2'/2 miles below Paris at N. W. Nunally's. I taught school until 12 o'clock. I saddles Tom and rode there with speed. Anxious to see and hear those quear beings. Their names were Harvy Whitlock & David Whitmer - The people were assembled in a beautiful sugartree grove. Mr Whitlock arose and gave some particulars respecting the book and some reasons why he believed it to be a devine revelation. Spoke some of the Signs of the times then he expounded the Gospel the plainest I thot that I ever heard in my life, which astonished me. D Whitmer then arose and bore testimony to have seen an Holy Angel who had made known the truth of this record to him. All these strange things I pondered in my heart.

	I invited them to go and preach in Paris, which they did next day. Though it had but little effect. I then went with them about 5 ms to T. Hicklin's and staid with them all night. I made many enquiries and had much conversation with them thence I went with them to their appointment it being (Sunday). A large congregation attended. And from the solemnity which attended those men in giving their testimony and the plainness of the truths which they declared I was induced to believe something in their mission. People seemed to be anxious for them to stay longer and they told me that Joseph, the man who translated the book and a number of others had gone to Jackson Co. Mo. and if I would go there I could see them. They said also that Smith was a Prophet. Finally I told them if they would stay one week longer that I would go with them. They agreed to stay.
	Then H W arose and spoke about three hours. I never heard such preaching in all my life. The glory of God seemed to encircle the man and the wisdom of god to be displayed. The meeting was closed by a few observations of D W a solemn testimony also of the truths which they had just heard. They made some other appointments and filled them that week. I returned home and taught school and settled some business during the week.

	On Friday I closed my school and on Saturday the 30th after being much hurried during the day, I left Paris Eg Co. II. about 6 o'clock P.M. & started for Jackson Co. Mo. I rode 14ms. to a Mr Wilhites. I reached there about 10, at night. I had my supper, bed and horse fed.

	I rose early paid 37 cts. and pursued my course 23 ms. to Wm Whites Coles co. by 11 in the morning. Here I met again with my friends the strnge preachers. They had an appointment here for the day, a number of people collected and H.W. preached about 2 horn's. This evening I had the sick head ache very badly.

	Monday the 1st day of August I rose early felt well, took breakfast and went to Col. Fleener's to an Election. I settled some business, returned and took dinner with Uncle Nathan Wood who was much taken with those young men. I then took them with me about 5 ms to my good old friend Jesse Fuller's, we staid all night with them. had a pleasant visit - I also took them with me to the grave of my departed and dear companion Cinthia Ann and there they seemed to mourn with me for the loss of my dearest friend and her blessed little infant.

	August 2nd We took breeakfast and pursured our course about 3 ms to Esqr G. M. Hansons (a Methodist Preacher) and took dinner thence 9 ms and called on John Price, the neighbours collected and H W spoke to them about an hour.

	A. 3rd we arose early and took breakfast, thence 10 ms to Esqr Wm T. Bennetts in Shiby Co. and took dinner. Here I bought from them the last book of Mormon which they had. Here we parted. They intended to go throu Vandalia, St Louis &c. and I intended to go through Springfield &c. My object was to get to Independence before them and see if the testimony of the other witnesses would agree with theirs. Thence I rode on 3 ms to Shelbyville. Thence 5 ms to the wido South's and staid all night. I read some in the book of Mormon to them and told them what I knew about it. They seemed to be some what interested about it.

	Aug 4th I rode on 26 ms to a Mr Dolson's and took breakfast and fed Tom and paid 25 cts. Thence 30 ms to Uncle Wm Moore's and staid all night In Sangamo Co.

	August 5 I went to Springfield and gave 2 dollars for a pocket Bible and 75 cts for the repairing of my watch. I returned and talked considerable with my Uncle and my brother Isreal concerning the book, the people and what they believed. My uncle gave me some very good advice and seemed to be anxious to know the truth of what I had told him.

	Augst 6th I rose early, took breakfast, though I felt some unwell yet I pursued my course. My brother rode with me about 10 or 12 ms. Thence I rode Westerly about 30 ms to Mr Reeves in Morgan Co. I was so unwell it seemed to me I could not get any further. I took but little supper and went to bed. I was very sick had high fevers and I also had some very singular dreams about my journey (which afterwards proved true). I lay here until the 11th. I called on two Doctors, took considerable medicine. The fever abated some and I was so anxious to go forward that I [paid] Mrs Reeves $2 for their trouble and paid the physicians $2.50.

	August 11th I rode on 4 ms to Jacksonville Morgan Co. thence 12ms I stopped to take a little refreshment and feed my horse. I paid 25 cts thence 10 ms to the Illinois River. I crossed paid 12 cts and staid the night on the west bank.

	A. 12   I rose early and took breakfast and paid 25 cts and rode on 23 ms and fed Tom (I did not feel to eat myself) and paid 12 cts. and rode on 3 ms to Atlas, Pike Co. Thence 6 ms to the Mississippi River. I crossed in a horse boat and it dark, to Esqr McCune's & staid all night and until breakfast, pd 50cts and rode on (though yet weak) 31 ms to Mr Rogerses, staid all night.

	Augst 14   I rose early paid 50 cts and rode on 3 ms to a Mr Ivey's and fed my horse and took breakfast. Here two Elders had staid about a week (viz) Hiram Smith and John Moredock though they were gone. They had no book with them and when Mrs lvcy found out that I had a book she said she must see it and when she saw it she said I must sell it to her which I did and then pursued my course towards the western horizon 32 ms to Mr Milligin's and took dinner in Monroe Co. paid 12 cts. thence 13 ms to S. Brockmans in Randolph Co. Staid all night."

	After his conversion to Mormonism and appointment as an Elder at Independence, McLellin returns, a few weeks later, backtracking over the same route with Hyrum Smith, learning the ropes as a missionary.

	Saturday eve we called at Esqr Davis' on the head waters of Salt River, he wished us to hold a meeting and we agreed to next day. He went and sent out and informed the people.

	Sunday (September) 4th Bro. H(yrum Smith) had obtained relief of his Diorhoea. The people collected, and he arose and addressed them a few minutes - I then got up and warned them of the judgements of God which would fall on them unless they would repent. But there seemed to be an impenetrable gloom hanging over their minds. They seemed to be willingly and willfully wicked. Therefore we dismissed them and got our horses and traveled on about 8 ms and staid all night.

	Monday 5. In the afternoon we reached Mr lvey's. Their friends gathered in, in the eve and we had much social conversation with them. They seemed to be believing. I arose to adress them and was filled with the spirit to that degree that I spoke with much warmth.  After I ceased, one of the females present did shout with a most tremendious acclamation, but none seemed willing to go forward in obediance -

	Tues 6th We bid our friends Fare-well and pursued our course Eastward; and staid all night with a man who believed that all the various races of beings in the world sprung from different Adams.

	Wednesday 7 we traveled on across the Mississippi river at Louisiana. Thence to Atlas and staid all night."

                         Salt River Branch

1832        	When Joseph Smith returned to Ohio in May 1832 there were some 300 converts in Missouri. The Ivies and Allreds would soon be added to this number.

     	According to Reddick N Allred, "George Hinkle" and others stopped a few months and baptized the Allred families. Ivies and others and a large branch was organized in 1832 called the Salt River Branch."'"44 Reddick's brother William M Allred elaborates: "In 1832 George Hinkle, Daniel Cathcart and James Johnson came along and raised up a branch of the Church called the Salt River Branch. I was Baptized in Salt River on the 10th of September 1832. There were 19 Baptized that day including my Parents and one or two of my Sisters.

	10 September.  James and Isaac Allred their wives, William M. Allred, and others are baptized Mormons. The next day, on 11 September James Russell Ivie and wife Eliza are also baptized in the Salt River.

	11 October - Isaac Allred (younger), son of James Allred is married to Julie Ann Taylor by Elder David Baker at Florida, Monroe, Missouri. Jackson Smith, John Allred jr. and John N. Burton act as witnesses.

	15 November - John Burton is married to Sally Allred by Elder John A Ivie, at Florida, Missouri. Ivie was the Presiding Elder of the Salt River Branch.

1833        	In July, strife between Mormons and non-Mormons in Jackson County, Missouri reaches the flash point when the office of the churches newspaper is burned by a mob. By November Mormons are forced to flee Jackson County, with most settling in Clay and Ray counties across the Missouri River.

	19 February - Missionaries William McLellin and Parley Pratt spend almost a week at the Salt River settlement. Parley Pratt was noted as one of early Mormonisms most dynamic speakers. As the entry of Sunday, February 24 relates, the members of the Salt River Branch were treated to Pratt at the top of his form. An Ivie family tradition has it that the Ivie's were converted by Parley and his brother Orson Pratt. This is unlikely, as the Ivie's had been baptized a few months before this first known meeting with Pratt. No doubt Pratt's impact was recalled years later, while the actual chronology of events became less certain.

------------

	"Wednesday (February)20th we spent in conversation and in visiting the brethren - at eve we attended a meet at Br Isaac Allred's. Br. Parley opened the meet and spoke about 1 1/2  hours & I spoke about one [hour] with Zeal and warmth, the brethern seemed couraged and rejoiced and I ceased preaching praying and blessing the name of the Lord for his goodness. Br. A Dods who had been in this place for some weeks so blinded that he could not see his way because of the sore eyes, came forward and requested the prayers of the elders for the restoration of his eyes - which was attended to with a great degree of feeling among the brethern and sisters. After meeting was dismissed I felt somewhat unwell. Pains Acheing and cold chills attacked my system - We retired to rest and I felt so bad that I asked Br Parley to lay his hands upon me which he did and I dropped to sleep, but in the night when I awaked I was shaking most tremendiously hard with the ague and I shook I suppose as much as 2 hours - then a very violent fever ensued, my stomach became very sour, my bowels also were much affected, which caused severe vomiting & purging -

	Thursday I was confined to my bed and I think I never was much sicker in my life, in the evening I called for the Elders -

	Friday I was some better, &c.

	Saturday I am still some better - Br Parley on Friday night attended another meeting among the brethren where he had great Liberty and 'unfolded to them the dealings of the Lord from the creation down until John said "It is done."

	Sunday 24 The brethren and sisters collected at Br. I Allred's and I took the lead of the meeting. I spoke on the Covenants & Articles on the officer's duty and the beauty of such regulations &c. I spoke about I hour and 20mts. Br Parley spoke a few minutes - then the meeting was conducted by various ones speaking. I gave a lecture on the operation of the Spirit - Br Parley gave a testimony of the Lord Jesus that he is, that he lives and will come &c. In which he says, he does not recollect to have ever had more of the Spirit and Power of God upon him - In truth we had a great meeting. It was dismissed about sun set.

	Monday Feb 25 The Elders, Priests, Teachers &c met with us (by the request of Br G Hinkle) at Br Hinkle's to hear our instructions - We found by examination that the Elders were young and inexperienced, yet sound in faith and good works. There were three, two had faith one had not. We unitedly advised them that the time of their mission in the world had not come - They seemed willing to take our advise. We also unitedly advised Br Dodds to remain here until his eyes were made whole and he concluded so to do- We also advised Brother George (Hinkle) and Daniel to visit their churches in Illinois and Indiana and agreed so to do shortly Dismissed thence to Br James Allred's and staid all night. But have received no news from Zion.-"

	Isaac Allred (Younger) states that "In 1833, I was ordained a teacher under the hand of John Ivie, President of the Branch at Salt River".
 
	11 June. John Lehi Ivie, a son of James Russell Ivie, is born near Florida, Missouri.

       		The question of the members of the Salt River Branch moving to Jackson County, Missouri was raised at a church conference held 26 September, but no decision was made.



Conference of the Church. 
(Jackson County, Missouri)

	September 26,1833

	Met according to adjournment.
       
	Opened in prayer by Edward Partridge the Bishop Proceeded to business Agreed that Jesse Hitchock Elias & Isaac Higbee be ordained to the High Priesthood Adjourned 3/4 of an hour

	Sung a hymn

       	Opened in prayer by Edward Partridge (the Bishop) for the evening Proceeded to business.
       
	Br. Tanner desired to be ordained. But the Conference declined at present to give him their voices.
       
	Br. Hinkle presented the situation of the Salt River Church desiring to know whether they had better move to this place this fall or not no definite answer given by this Conference at present. This day four weeks the Conference meets again. Prayer by Levi Jackman.

	Calvin Bebee Clerk of Conference John Whitmer Recorder."

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	Caught in the uncertainty, Isaac Allred pre-maturely sold his farm to move to Jackson County:

		 "In 1833 the Church was driven from Jackson County. My Father had sold his farm to move up there, but when he heard they were driven out, he rented the farm that the man had that bought his. He changed houses and stayed there one year, and while living here I first saw Joseph Smith, the Prophet, as he was going up in what was called Zion's Camp. While living here my Brother Harvey when he would laugh his mouth would draw around to one side. Father sent for the Elders and he was healed immediately"


Zion's Camp


1834       	Zion 's Camp. a quasi-military expedition recruited and led by Joseph Smith marches from Ohio to relieve the beleaguered Mormon colony in Missouri. The expedition ends in a fiasco, with its presence serving only to exacerbate the situation. The men are dismissed after their numbers are decimated by cholera. Joseph Smith calls for the faithful to "gather to up to Clay County", while he returns to Kirtland, Ohio. Much of the church hierarchy will be recruited from the ranks of Zion's Camp. There were twenty-one houses in Florida, in 1834, most of log construction.

	March - John M. Fausett is baptized in Montgomery County, Illinois.

	29 May - John A. Ivie, Elder of the Christian (Mormon) Church presides at the marriage of Robert Macord and Mary Ann Tailor.

	June - Reddick N. Allred reports, "In 1834, early spring, the Prophet Joseph Smith came along with a small company of armed men, called Zion's Camp, to reinstate the Saints upon their own lands from whence they had been driven by mob violence. Uncle James Allred raised ten men and joined them. They lay by a week completing the organization, reinforcing it.
       	
	On his return he stopped and preached in our settlement and told the Saints that they could not get possession of their lands but to gather up
	to Clay County."
       

	James R, John A and William Shelton Ivie; James, Isaac (the younger), and Martin C. Allred and Robert McCord are among the ten recruits who joined Zion's Camp at Salt River. Brother-in-law John Fausett of Montgomery County, Illinois also marched with Zion's Camp.

              Rendezvous at Salt River

       		The main part of Zion's Camp crossed the Mississippi River on June 5 and 6, 1834, after walking over six hundred miles in thirty days. This party had left Kirtland with fewer than 125 persons, including three women, but during the march had benefited from recruiting activities (especially by Parley P. Pratt) and gained over fifty more volunteers. By the time the Saints reached the Mississippi on June 4, the company numbered about two hundred. It is difficult to be sure of the size of the camp at any given moment due to the dispatching of men on special missions, new arrivals, and desertions, but the best estimate of the expedition's size when it reached the Mississippi varies between 197 and 204 men, women, and children.
       		A second group under the command of Hynim Smith and Lyman Wight marched from the East and joined Zion's Camp soon after it crossed the Mississippi. The twenty-one members of this contingent arrived at the Salt River rendezvous point in Missouri on Sunday, June 8...
        		On Friday, June 6, the (main) camp resumed its short march from the west bank of the Mississippi to Salt River. It made slow progress and had to encamp a few miles short of the rendezvous point the first night. The next day it arrived at the Allred settlement of the church on Salt River and camped 'in a piece of woods by a spring of water and prepared for the Sabbath...' The expedition also received publicity in the local press. Shortly after it crossed the Mississippi, a Salt River Journal reporter wrote about the event, mentioning the large number of supply wagons and the almost total absence of women and children. In the Journal it was noted that Zion's Camp was no ordinary group of settlers: "They were with few exceptions, well provided with fire arms and accouterments of war,' As to their mission, it was observed that 'they have their rights and privileges, and whilst they desire to exercise these, we cannot desire to see them disturbed; on the contrary, we wish them success in resisting every lawless [invasion] of their rights." The article closed with a statement that the Saints should be admired for their courage. The government machinery which would ordinarily work was at a halt, so they had no alternative but to move to the use  offered. Regarding the 'non-Mormon' citizens of Jackson County, the Journal writer declared that it was "doubtful whether in this contest they have the sympathies or even the respect of a large portion of the state." The camp at the Allred settlement on Salt River settled down to the routine of waiting for the Smith/Wight party and preparing for the final march to Jackson County. On Sunday, June 8, Joseph held the usual church services. That afternoon the men were ordered to wash their clothes, bake bread, and write letters to their families, for this would be the last opportunity. Heber C Kimball described in his journal some of these activities, especially the comic manner in which he did his own laundry. He put his filthy clothes into a kettle of hot water and boiled them for about two hours. After cooking them until they were well done, he wrote, "I rubbed the clothes with my knuckles instead of the palm of my hand, and rubbed the skin off so that my hands were very sore for several days." Despite his valiant efforts, young Kimball never got the dirt out of his clothes. In frustration he finally gave up, took them as they were, and hung them out to dry. After they had dried, he took "them to Sisters Holbrook and Ripley to get them ironed. When they saw them they said I had not washed my clothes." Kimball swore that he had done his best, recounting his afternoon of agony. The ladies thought the whole affair quite funny and informed Kimball that by boiling his clothes as he had the dirt had become even more ingrained in the fabric.
        		Later that afternoon, the Smith-Wight expedition arrived at the rendezvous point. These reinforcements were received with enthusiasm by the main party and helped to boost sagging morale. Joseph and Hyrum Smith had a particularly happy reunion. 
1819	Oliver Walker purchases land in Randolph County, Indiana

27 March 1819	SW 1/4 - Section 22 
27 March 1819	N 1/2 - Section 28
5 May 1819		SE 1/4 - Section 21
    5 May 1819	           	 SW 1/4 - Section 22

1820  	Will of James Alexander is proved at Jefferson, Wayne County, Indiana.  see Book A, pg 63.

	Wayne County, Indiana Census

	James Alexander		168 NO TWP L
	John Alexander		168 NO TWP L

1831		"Levi Hancock and Zebedee Coltrin traveled together to Missourio and performed successful missionary labors in Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois."
		The companions were in Winchester (Randolph County, Indiana) during July and August 1831 and there they "raised a large branvch of the Church", in addition to baptizing about one hundred others, including one of George Washington's bodyguards, in nearby Ward township. 

	6 December - Minutes of a Conference held in Randolph County, Indiana.

	Oliver Walker present - his license "taken at present" case of George Heartly vs Oliver Walker.  Adjurned to next day.

	7 December - "With much cavilling on the part of Walker to stand or hold fast to his agreement.  Finally Walker did agree truely humble himself.etc."

		The issue resurfaced at Kirtland, December 1834, see the Kirtland Council Minute Book, p81.

1833	John R Walker is in Jackson County, MO, as are likely the other members of the Walker families., where his family suffered at the hands of the mob, "By Breaking in my Windows.  By thrusting Long Poles Through at My Family and Driving them from their Habitation."

One commentator wrote that Hyrum 'was in after years a reliable staff upon which Joseph could lean with confidence. The ties of brotherhood that existed between them were strong and enduring and they mutually relied upon each other for aid when emergencies required it.
        		With the addition of the Smith/Wight party, the total number in the expedition stood at 223 persons. The effective fighting force, however, was about 205 because the remainder were women and children. All of the men were armed in some fashion and in relatively good condition after their long march. They ranged in age from a lad of only twelve years to a man over eighty. This lone octogenarian had been a veteran of the Revolutionary War and was one of the expedition's ablest frontiersmen. The company's equipage included, with the addition of that of the Smith/Wight party, twenty-five baggage wagons with two or three horses for each. For the first time since almost the beginning of the expedition the company had adequate ammunition and provisions, largely due to the supplies brought in by the second contingent.
       		Two camps were maintained on the banks of the Salt River until June 9 when the Smith/Wight party "moved over to the Camp with the rest of the Brethern." During the next several days members of the expedition relaxed and "reorganized." The men repaired their weapons in a shop in the Allred settlement; Hyrum Stratton and Nelson Tubbs who were skilled in gunsmithing, did much of the work. On June 10 Joseph completely reorganized the expedition into companies often men each. The camp elected the prophet, once more, as the commander-in-chief, but Lyman Wight was elected as the general of the camp on the basis of his War of 1812 experience. Joseph also chose two companies often men each to serve as his "life-guard." His brother, Hyrum, became the captain of this personal bodyguard, and until the conclusion of the expedition, members of this guard were always at Joseph's side to protect him. Young George A. Smith was named the prophet's armor-bearer. As such he had exclusive control over Joseph's weapons, taking care that they were always loaded and in order.' During the five-day encampment at Salt River Levi Hancock, having already demonstrated his skill by making a fife, fashioned an elegantly decorated flagstaff He also procured a square piece of white clothe and tipped it with red paint and hung it as a flag After the march had resumed, Hancock further decorated ins flag by painting on it an eagle and printing the words "Peace" in big letters.  Hancock wrote in his diary that the flag aroused great interest among the settlers who saw it.  "When we passed settlements many would come and exclaim 'peace' and walk off," he noted, "until we came to the Western part of the state where they were bitter enough." The job of standard-bearer belonged officially to Hyrum Smith as captain of the life guard, but he often delegated the honor of carrying it to others who had performed their duties exceptionally well. The standard-bearer's job thus became a way of encouraging superior work from the men and of trying to maintain order
       		While bivouacked at the Allred settlement, the leaders ordered the expedition's first real military exercise.  Although there had already been a sham battle in Indiana, that operation had been loosely organized and poorly executed. This time Smith enlisted as drillmaster the services of William Cherry, an Irishman who had spent twenty years in the British dragoons before immigrating to Michigan. Heber Kimball recorded how the stolid old veteran marched the companies out on a flat prairie and "then proceeded to inspect us, examine our firelocks, etc... We were drilled about half a day." Later Cherry divided the expedition into four units and had them take positions for another sham battle. After the men demonstrated their ability to march in proper attack fashion, the discipline which Cherry had worked so hard to instill in the men broke down and each man began fighting as he saw best:
        		"Some preferred the real British push with the bayonet, some the old Kentucky dodging from tree to tree, while others preferred the Lamanite mode of tomahawking, scalping and ripping open the bowels. The final result was, that several guns and swords were broken, some of the combatants wounded, and each well pleased with his own exploits."
        		In spite of Cherry's understandable frustration, Joseph Smith praised his efforts and said that much credit should be given to him "for his unwearied exertions in imparting all he knew to the brethern." Following this strange training exercise , on June 12 the camp finally moved out on the last part of the trek across the state of Missouri. With the flag-bearer proudly leading, the men marched in an orderly fashion to the sound of Hancock's fife.


	From the diary of Heber C. Kimball:

       		On Friday the 6th, we resumed our journey. On Saturday the 7th, at night, we camped among our brethren at Salt River, in the Allred settlement, in a piece of woods by a beautiful spring of water and prepared for the Sabbath. On the Sabbath we had preaching. Here we remained several days, washing our clothes, and preparing to pursue our journey. Here we were joined by Hyrum Smith and Lyman Wight with another company, the camp now numbered two hundred and five men, all armed and equipped as the law directs. It was delightful to see the company for they were all young men with one or two exceptions, and in good spirits.
       		We were now reorganized, according to the following order: Lyman Wight was chosen general of the camp; then Brother Joseph chose twenty men out of the camp for his life guard, I being one of the number. Brother George A Smith was Brother Joseph's armor bearer Hyrum Smith was chosen captain of the life guard. The remainder of the camp was organized into companies as before stated. We had twenty-five wagons, two horses in each and some three. One day while we remained here, our general marched us out on a large meadow or prairie. -He then proceeded to inspect us and examine our firelock, &c.; afterwards we marched in platoons and an object being placed, we discharged our pieces in order to try them. We were drilled about half a day and then returned to camp.
       		On the 12th, we again resumed our march: many of the inhabitants went with us several miles; they seemed to have much respect of us. We traveled about fourteen miles and camped on a large prairie.

	John M. Chidester remembers, however, that the reception at Salt River was not all cordiality:

       		"When we reached Salt Creek, Missouri, Allred settlement had prepared a place to hold meeting in. Joseph & Hyrum Smith and others were on the stand at the meeting when some strangers came in and were very anxious to find out which of them were Joseph & Hyrum, as they had pledged to shoot them on sight. But the Prophet and his brother slipped away unobserved, being impressed that there was danger of their lives being taken."

	From the Autobiography of Joseph Holbrook:
       
		"I had the bad fortune for one of my horses to die near Jacksonville in Illinois, but bought another one for $55.00 in cash, so I proceeded on my journey with the camp. When we came to the Salt River Creek in Missouri, about 50 miles west of Louisiana, we tarried for some three or four days to wash, etc. Then Brother Joseph Smith counselled those that had families to get houses for them, and for the men to go forward with the camp. So I provided a house for my family as decided and was about to leave my family as was the rest of the brethern who had wives with them. Then Brother Joseph Smith said, if the sisters were willing to undergo a siege with the camp they could all go along with it, whereupon they said they could and said they liked Brother Josesph much better than before for the privilege he gave them of continuing with the camp. At this place as at many others on the road, we had many of the brethern who united with the camp... "

       	With the failure of Zion's Camp to resolve the conflict in upper Missouri, and the devastating effects of cholera, Joseph Smith receives a revelation that seems to lay the blame on the heads of the faithful who had been driven from Jackson County, while promising a great celestial reward for the men of Zion's Camp.


           Fishing River Revelation     

       		Declares that Zion might have been redeemed had it not been for the transgressions of the Saints. They had lacked obedience and withheld their means from the Church. The faithful were commanded to wait a little season for the redemption of Zion, until they could obtain experience and learn obedience.
      		The members of Zion's Camp, whose hardships were certainly far less than those suffered by the Jackson County exiles, were treated in a far more generous manner. The march of Zion's Camp was portrayed as a trial, one which earned them a great endowment, that would be given them when the temple was completed in Kirtland.
       		Those without families in the east are advised to settle in Clay County, while the remainder of Zion's Camp is advised to get back to their homes as best they can.

      		The failure of Zion's Camp to restore the expelled Mormon colony to Jackson County marks a crucial turning point in Mormon history, where the New Testament virtue of "Turning of the other cheek " is supplanted by the Old Testament Eye for and Eye. The notion of being a chosen people is re-enforced through adversity, and an incipient self-righteousness turns militant, justifying, eventually, acts of aggression and violence against outsiders, even those who had not themselves engaged in aggression against the Mormons. Typical of small and vulnerable groups under strong external pressure the Church became distrustful and increasingly intolerant of internal dissent, not surprisingly, leadership in the Church gravitates to the more militant and militarily minded members, especially those who were participants of Zion 's Camp.

		Isaac Allred (Younger) relates that, "After our return from Clay County in the year 1834...From the exposure of the journey when I got home I was sick on my family with the ague and fever near unto death."

		Joseph Holbrook who had marched to Missouri with his wife in Zion's Camp, had barely settled into Clay County when he embarked on a mission a few days before Christmas 1834, leaving his family in rather dire striates:
       		"In ten weeks I had built more houses on a piece of Congress land on Shoal Creek of 80 acres, and my brother and I moved into it. After a few weeks, I rented a farm nearby of 20 acres, improved for three years, after which I rented my house on the 22nd of December, 1834. On the 23rd of December, 1834, I took my leave of my family and started in company with Amasa Lyman, Heman T Hyde and Milton Holmes. We preached on our way whenever we could get a privilege, sometimes going a day and night without food in the winter season across the praires with the houses 25 miles apart which made it very severe upon me until we came to the Salt River church where there was a conference held. On account of being lame, it was counseled that Milton Holmes, my former partner, should take William Ive and go to Tennessee and that I remain a few days with the church and Martin Allred and go a heart mission in the part of Missouri and Illinois, we preached as we traveled and in (February 1835) we settled some difficulty in that branch and left Brother Esquin Dazartha (Squire Bozarth) and crossed the river at Quincy, Illinois. We preached a few times in the vicinity of the Mississippi River and returned by way of Louisiana to the Salt River church and from thence to Clay County. (We found) all well but living on bread and water as there was not much chance for anything better to be had but bacon which took the money to purchase it. I was absent about eight weeks and I continued to have meetings at my house about once or twice a week, trying to settle difficulties in the church, preaching, etc. "

	2 November - Elder Milton Holmes reports on his missionary labors, writing from Hamilton county, Illinois:
       		"I left Clay co. Mo. on the 23rd of December, 1834 in company with Elder J Holbrook; we traveled and preached until we arrived at Salt River church. From this place I journeyed with Elder W. Ivy, we journeyed as far as Montgomery co. III., preached by the way and baptized two. From thence we journeyed to Bedford co. Tennessee; we tarried in this State about two months. The people flocked from every quarter, to hear preaching, many were convinced of the truth, but few obeyed the gospel. We baptized five in this State; we left Bedford co. Term. the first day of June; arrived at Hamilton co. III. the 8th day of same month, here we tarried, and labored in company with Elder Elisha H. Groves and Isaac Higbee about three weeks, and baptized 33. After this Groves and Higbee left for Kirtland, Elder Ivy and myself baptized seven, after the afore mentioned brethren left us. Elder Ivy left here the 29 of September. Since he left, I baptized two more. I expect to baptize a number more in this place, who believe the work of the Lord. The Lord is blessing his children here with some of the gifts of the gospel. "

	28 January - Moses Martin Sanders and wife Amanda Armstrong Fausett Sanders are baptized in Montgomery County, Illinois, by their nephrew William S. Ivie.

	February - Edward Partridge notes that there are forty members of the Salt River Branch.

	24 August - Polly Ann Ivie, daughter of James Russell Ivie is born near Florida, Missouri.

		Isaac Allred and family settles in Clay County, Missouri, on Fishing River. Soon other members of the Allred, Ivie, and Fausett families and in-laws will respond to the call of the Church and move to Clay, Ray and Caldwell Counties.

		"In the year 1835, in the fall, I (Isaac Allred younger) in company with my father and brothers with our families moved from Monroe to Clay County and stayed one year, bought land, made one crop.  And in this year the people were as reckless as ever as some members of the church living with them.  After a while it was thought best for our people to live more to themselves.
		In the fall of the year 1836, there was a location sought out by some delegates from both sides for the church to settle.  In the year 1836 on the 2nd of October, Eliza Maria was born in Ray County, and in the year 1836 we moved to a new location which afterwards was organized into a county & called Caldwell.  I bought of the Government and made a farm."

	30 November - Mark Twain is born in Florida, Missouri, where his family remains until c 1839, and where he will continue to spend a few months of each years until about 1848, about the time that many Ivie family members will also have left the area.

------------


The Mormon War and Expulsion from Missouri

1836        	Fearing the potential power and influence of the rapidly increasing influx of Mormon settlers, Mormons are expelled from Clay, Ray, Carrol and other counties. Caldwell county is created for Mormon settlement. Most settle in Caldwell and Davies counties. Far West in Caldwell County becomes the major Mormon town.

	James R. Ivie received a land patent in Far West, Caldwell County, MO.

	Members of the Allred family are in Ray County, Missouri as evidenced by the following marriages:

	25 July 1836 - Wiley Allred marries Sally Zabriskie, in Ray County, Missouri.

	4 December 1836 - Reuben W. Allred marries Lucy A Butler in Ray County, Missouri.

	25 December - Moses M. and Amanda A Fausett Sanders are in Far West where son Jopseph Moroni is born.

1837        	In Monroe county, John N Clemens, and others attempt to form the Salt River Navigation Company, but the scheme fails when they fail to receive governmental funding.

	James R Ivie, the Isaac, James, William, William Hackly Allred, Ezekiel Billington, and Moses Martin Sanders families are living in Caldwell County, Missouri.

		Martha Thomas remembers that James Allred approached her husband and his brother Henry to join the "Big Field Company" an experiment in cooperative farming that had theocratic roots in the Order of Enoch and offered a practical solution to the problems caused by a large influx of poor emigrants, and aggravated by the vulnerability and eventual abandonment of outlying farms and settlements. It was the basis for the system later used in the settlement of Southern Utah. By Fall, Far West was under siege, and most able-bodied men had given up farming for soldiering.
       		"Far West, Missouri - Mr. Thomas had entered all the land he  had wanted, timber and prairie, driven stakes for a large farm, as he thought he could turn the world upside down with a plow. He put in a large crop but before it was ripe he was called to other duties.
       		Brother James Allred called on him and his brother, Henry, to join the big field company. They wanted to fence a large field for the benefit of the poor. They wanted all the tools for farming that could be spared, oxen, horses, cows, and work when called on. He told them "Yes" he would do anything the rest did. Henry, his brother, said "No," he could do to take care of himself. I tell this to show my first lesson in
	obeying counsel.


1838        	Through-out the summer tensions between Mormons and non-Mormons intensify.. Both sides engaged in violence against the other. In the wake of a financial fiasco and the resulting internal dissension, Joseph Smith and Sidney Rigdon are forced to flee Kirtland, Ohio for Far West. The presence of the acerbic and uncompromising Rigdon further inflames the situation. Full scale war breaks out by autumn.

	Reddick N Allred records these unsettled times in his diary. "April 12, 1838 Oliver Cowdery was cut off from the Church and on the 13th David Whitmer was cut off for not keeping the word of wisdom and soon after the Johnsons, Boyingtons, and McLellans were cut off. The foundation of a temple was started in Far West and the fame of the Church began to be heard. The few ranchers in Caldwell and Davies counties raised false reports about the lawlessness of the Mormons and at an election in Gallatin, Davis County they forbade any Mormon to vote and surrounded the polls to prevent it, but a fight ensued and the Mormons cleared the way and voted. This was enough to wake up the whole of Jackson, Clay, Ray and Cariton counties into a howling mob, and they began to make raids upon outside settlements. We had meantime organized a regiment for self defense and the Prophet called all the outside settlements into Far West. "
		The most militant Mormons are organized as Danites, or "Avenging Angels" as they would be dubbed in the popular press. During this period of external danger, and internal dissension the Danites were formed in Far West, as a kind of guerrilla force to counter gentile violence, as well as enforce loyalty and orthodoxy among the Mormons.

       	"On 17 June 1838, First Counselor Sidney Rigdon preached his "Salt Sermon" as a warning that Mormon dissenters would "be cast out & trodden under foot of men." ...The next day Second Counselor Hyrum Smith & his uncle John Smith joined with Danite leader Sampson Avard (as first signer) and eighty other Danites in a threatening letter to Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer, John Whitmer, Lyman E Johnson & William Phelphs, warning these dissenters to "depart, or a more fatal calamity shall befall you. "

     	Known as the "Warning Against Dissenters," James R Ivie is likely a signer, although there is some question about the signature. Brothers-in-law John M Fausett and Ezekiel Billington Jr are signers.

	On July 4, Sidney Rigdon delivers an inflammatory speech at Far West increasing the tension between Mormons and non-Mormons.

	James R Ivie and John M. Faussett are made Seventies at Far West

   Church Conference
       Far West, Mo Saturday July 7th 1838.

	The Conference convened agreeable to adjournment. Opened by Prayer by President Sidney Rigdon.

       	When the following brethern, who came up in the Camp in 1834 received their blessing, also ordained as Seventies:

	Horace Evans       James Dumi        Alanson Ripley 	Chandler Holbrook  Justus Morse        John Fawsett 	Jackson Smith       Thomas Turner      Ebenezer Miller	Joseph Holbrook     Lewis Sabriskie      Horace Cowan 	James R Ivie      John C Annis

      	After which several recommends passed the Conference as follows:
	William Martin, presented but rejected by the Conference. Johnathan T Packer, to the office of Teacher. Pleasant Ewell to the office of Deacon. Uziel Corey to the office of Deacon.
       	George Walters came forward-a¯d to make confession but did not give satisfaction.
      	After some remarks by President Rigdon, & On Motion, the Conference adjourned until the first Friday in October next.
       	Benediction by President Rigdon.

	Ebenezer Robinson. Clerk.


The confiscation of the stolen riffles

        		During the persecutions in the fall of 1838, one of the brethern happened to be a stranger in Richmond, Ray Co., Missouri, a distance of some thirty or forty miles from Far West, in Caldwell County, where the Saints dwelt. About sundown he saw men loading guns into a carriage, and learned that they were to be taken that night to the mob in Daviess county, to fight the 'Mormons," He feigned to be traveling in the opposite direction, and took a circuitous route to Far West, but did not arrive there until about eight o'clock the next morning. He related what he had seen of the actions of the mob, and a call was immediately made for ten volunteers to accompany Captain (William) Allred, of the militia, to intercept and take the arms. To do this we had about twenty miles to ride across a trackless prairie, to reach the road leading from Richmond to Daviess county, where the mob was quartered. The man with the guns had a good, smooth road, free from rocks or obstructions of any kind, and, to all human appearance, might have reached his destination before we obtained the news of his having the arms.
       		When all were mounted, the Prophet Joseph said to Brother Allred, 1 want you to ride as fast as your horses can carry you,' (pointing the direction, that he might not reach the road in rear of the carriage) 'and you will gel those arms.' These last words inspired faith in the little band, and even the horses did not seem to become weary.
       		When we neared the road, we cast our eyes towards Richmond, and at a distance of about half a mile we discovered a black-covered carriage standing in the road, without any team attached to it. On nearing it, we saw that it was empty. we examined and fount that one of the axles was newly broken in two. Here was the carriage described, but where were the guns? We soon discovered a trail a short distance and found a wooden box, containing seventy-four United States yaugers. While consulting how to get them to the town, we looked in the direction of the mob and discovered two men coming, about as fast as they could drive, in a lumber wagon. When they discovered us, supposing us to be mobs, they swung their hats and shouted 'hurrah!' two or three times, and our little troop responded in the same way.
       		They got very near before they discovered their mistake. Brother Allred directed the teamster to drive along side of the box. He then told the two men to get out and put it into the wagon, and then follow him. We returned the way we came, and reached our destination about sundown, when, after the guns were taken from the wagon, the men and team were released. The prediction of the prophet was fulfilled, and the long-range guns, which were the best then known, designed for our destruction, were in our hands.
       		Joseph, knowing that the guns were government property, sent a dispatch immediately to notify General Atchinson and Colonel Doniphan of Clay County, what had been done. They directed that the arms should be delivered over to them, they pledging their honor that they should not be used against our people.
        		The prophet's patriotism would not allow him to retain government property, although it had been obtained by our enemies for our destruction. If this was not a test of loyalty I fail to see an opportunity where a test could be given.

	In testimony given before the Municipal Court of Nauvoo, George W. Pitkin gives a further description of this event.

       		George W. Pitkin sworn. Says that he concurs with the proceeding witnesses, Hyrum Smith and Parley P. Pratt, in all the facts with which he is acquainted; that in the summer of 1838 he was elected Sheriff of the county of Caldwell and State of Missouri. That in the fall of the same year, while the county was threatened and infested with mobs, he received an order from Judge Highee, the presiding Judge of said county, to call out the Militia, and he executed the same.
       		The said order was presented by Joseph Smith, Sen., who showed the witness a letter from General Atchison, giving such advise as was necessary for the protection of the citizens of said county. Reports of the mobs destroying property were daily received. Has no knowledge that Joseph Smith was concerned in organizing or commanding said Militia in any capacity whatever.
        		About this time he received information that about forty or fifty "Yauger rifles" and a quantity of ammunition were being conveyed through Caldwell to Daviess county, for the use of the mob, upon which he deputized William Allred to go with a company of men and intercept them, if possible. He did so, and brought the said arms and ammunition into Far West, which were afterwards delivered up to the orders of Austin A. King, Judge of the Fifth, Circuit in Missouri.
        		It was generally understood at that time that said arms had been stolen by Neil Gillum and his company of volunteers, who had been upon a six months' tour of service in the war between the United States and the Florida Indians. They were supposed to have been taken from the Fort at Tampa Bay, and brought to Richmond, Clay county, and that Captain Pollard or some other person loaned them to the mob.

                                             George W. Pitkin

	(Sworn to before the Municipal Court, Nauvoo, IL, I Jul 1843)"

	25 October - The Isaac Allred family moves into Far West abandoning their out-lying farm.

       	Martha Thomas recounts her own move into Far West at this time,. passing by the Allred homestead on the way.
       		Our house was the last house on the Richmond road, leading from Far West to Richmond. About two miles from our house there was a little place called Buncom, where the mob gathered to counsel which way to go. At first they did not seem to notice those living close by, but would go to Davis and other far away places. Therefore my husband and others were called to go and guard those settlements, which left me alone with my little ones. I cannot tell how long I stayed alone; I was so busy gathering our crops I scarcely noticed them. When they passed by if they wanted anything they would help themselves. I never spoke to them unless they spoke to me. I answered them with as fine a words as possible. Later, I made up my mind if Mr. Thomas got home alive, I would never stay another night alone.
       		He came home Monday about nine o'clock, I did not tell him anything about it. Tuesday about six in the afternoon word was sent him to gather his men and go to the outside settlers between his house and Crooked River. The mob was gathering there for battle.
       		They drove women and children from their homes and set their houses on fire. The prairie was on fire and the smoke and flames were whirling up in the air so high it looked like the world was in a blaze. He commenced buckling on his sword. I spoke to Morgan to yoke up the oxen. He looked up with surprise, "what are you going to do with the oxen." "I am going to town." "What tonight?" "Yes, I will not stay another night alone." He saw I was in earnest, laid down his sword and began to throw things into the wagon, pell mell. I had a big iron kettle of beef bones boiling, he drained the water off and hoisted it in the front of the wagon; then picking up the children, tossed them in. I called to him saying: "Don't set them in the kettle of bones." We had to stop and laugh, even though our enemies were upon us. He then gathered up his gun and sword and started on the run as his men have gone on ahead. The children and I started for Far West just as the sun was setting.
       		As we were passing Henry Thomas's place my sister-in-law ran out to know where I was going. "Well" she said, "if you go, I will." I passed on to Benjamin Clapp's; his wife came out; I told her where I was going. "Well" she said, "Go on, I will overtake you." I drove on to Brother Allred's. Brother Crider called, "What is up now?" I told him, "Well hold on, I will go too." It was then dark. Sister Crider commenced pitching their things in the wagon, young ones and all.
      		We now had five wagons, two men, the rest were women and children. We started on again. Brother Crider in the lead. It was very dark, I walked all the way beside my team for fear of accident. My son was only twelve years old. We got there about ten o'clock. I drove to Brother David Patten's, found them all asleep. I tapped on the door he said come in. I spoke to Brother Patten. "Well sister Thomas; you are the last one I would have taken for a coward." Sister Patten got up and lit a candle, saying "Bring your beds in." She cleared a place for me on the floor which was covered with beds. Brother Johnson, P. Lane and his family, also William Patten and family, were there.
       		We all quieted down for sleep, but there was no sleep for me. At midnight a drum was sounded, a gun fired. I called to Brother Patten. "You are scared" he said. Another gun was heard. "That's two," says 1. "If that is so there is trouble." He called to Brother Bently, who was looking for him to get his horse ready quickly. In a few minutes they were
	all out of sight."

         Appearance of the Missouri Forces

	Reddick N Allred leaves the following description of events:

		"Oct. 30th - Gov Boggs' army of 4000 made their appearance against Far West 3000 more to follow. We had two companies out leaving only about 150 men and boys in town, being in line the Prophet stepped to the right of the line and said, "Come on boys." We halted at the edge of the town and formed a line. The mob militia commenced to form a line of battle, but when about one regiment was formed, seeing our two companies charging into town on the east and west, they broke ranks and fled in confusion.
        		They camped that night in the timber and rallied several times in the night fearing an attack by us and next day had an interview with our Col. George Hinkle, who agreed to deliver up the Prophet and other leading men and lay down our arms.

		Oct. 31st- The Prophet, his brother, Hyrum, and others were delivered up as prisoners of war and about 800 pieces of arms including guns, pistols, swords, spears, etc., at the word 'ground arms' was laid down while there 4000 men had us cooped up in a hallow square and them outside about 4 deep. That night they held a court martial and passed sentence of death upon the Prophet and those with him to be shot next morning at 8 o'clock. General Doniphan protested and lead his Brigade out of the camp which changed the program, so they sent them under strong guard to Jackson and after to Liberty Jail.
       		Gen'1 Lucas then marched our men onto the Public Square and compelled them at the point of the bayonet to sign what he called a Deed of Trust to hold all their property real and personal to pay the expenses of the war...we were permitted to fit up teams as best we could and leave the State in the dead of winter.




	In November, Joseph Smith and other church leaders are arrested, the Mormons disarmed, and Far West plundered by the Missouri militia, During the winter and spring the Mormon population was forced east across the state and Mississippi River into Illinois.


     RICHMOND JAIL

       	At Richmond we -were taken into the courthouse, which was an unfinished brick building with no inside work done except a floor laid across one end, some sixteen or twenty feet wide. There were two large fireplaces built in the wall where the floor was laid. A railing was built across the room at the edge of the floor, and we were quartered inside there as our prison, with a strong guard inside and outside the building.

                                						Ebenezar Robinson

       	We were confined in a large open space, where the cold northern blast penetrated freely. Our fires were small, and our allowance for wood & food scanty, ..the vilest of the vile did guard us and treat us like dogs.

                                  					Edward Partridge


       	William Allred, the brother of James and Isaac, and Martin C Allred, and Ezekiel Billington are named by George M Hinkle and Sampson Avard as being Danites, are imprisoned at Richmond Courthouse.

      		From the memoirs of J. Henry Rollins we learn that James and Isaac Allred  were also among those detained at Richmond Courthouse.  (Although I have found no other source to confirm this).  After escaping from Far West, Rollins is arrested and taken to Richmond:

       		"I then mounted as before, behind one of the soldiers and arrived at Richmond Court House, when General dark appeared at the door, the men saying, "Here is the man you sent us for." He said, "you get down off of the horse and go in to the bullpen with the rest of them." Which was the first intimation I had that there were any others in there. When I had entered I was forced into the bull pen; sure enough there I found some 40 or 50 of our brethren, such as Bishop Partridge, Isaac Morley, James and Isaac Allred, and many others that I will not here mention, who were old men and many of my former 10...We were kept prisoners for several weeks. At last was agreed that we could bail each other out. One of the brethern bailing another. Sometimes one would go bail for 3 or 4 of the brethern until they were all bailed out but myself. Isaac Allred having agreed to bail me previous to this, but did not. I got one of the guards to go with me and find him. I asked him about it; he said he couldn't do it as he had bailed out four or five. I was taken back and kept under guard until evening, when I learned my young wife had come to see me..."

	13 November - The trials under Judge Austin A King begin. "The aim of the prosecution was to implicate as many as possible with the Battle of Crooked River and to prove that Joseph Smith and Lyman Wight took an active part. This would provide grounds for the charge of treason, since Bogart's men were state militia. The majority of the brethern who had participated in that battle had left the state, and only a few prisoners remained who had taken part in the unfortunate fight.

      	William Allred, recounts his own imprisonment at Richmond: "[T]he Commanding officer Gen. dark then Cald us together & Selected forty Seven of which I was one they Shut us upin a Storehouse until] the next morning the took us to Richmond in Ray County & Shut us up in an open Corthouse where we Suffered much in hunger & cold we ware then put on trial haveing ben Charged with every high Crime the trial Continued about fifteen days then they Exhonerated about 23 of which I
	was one.

	24 November - the trial ends when all prisoners but twelve were released. Joseph and Hyrum Smith, Sidney Ridgeon and others were taken to Liberty jail in Clay County, while Parley Pratt and others continued to be held in the Richmond jail to stand trial for murder and treason.

1839        	Joseph Smith and other church leaders escape imprisonment, and begin the settlement of Nauvoo, Illinois.


    Return to Monroe County

       		With the expulsion of Mormons from Missouri during the winter and spring of 1839-40, most of the Allreds move to Adams and Pike Counties, Illinois.
       		We don't know when the Ivies left Far West or under what circumstances, but James R Ivie, brothers-in-law William Hackley Allred and Eszekiel Billington jr were able to return to Monroe county when most Mormons were either forced to leave Missouri, or were called by the church to settle in and around Nauvoo, Illinois.
       		 What the relationship of various members of the family to the church was at this time is uncertain. Certainly Parley P. Pratt believed that at least some Ivie family members had apostatized from the Church. John Anderson Ivie may have left the church at this time. Though only James R. Ivie and Thomas C Ivie initially migrated to Utah in 1848, other Ivie siblings, apparently maintained their Mormon convictions. William Shelton Ivie began the migration to Utah in 1846, but dropped out in Adair County. William Hackley Allred continued to give his children Mormon inspired names until 1844, and eventually migrates to Utah c 1875.  Sister Polly Ann Ivie Billington also eventually migrates to Utah.
       		In these difficult times many families were bitterly torn apart by some family members leaving the church, while others remained faithful. Hopefully more research will throw some light on the effects the Mormon experience had on extended Ivie family relations.
		Separated from the main body of Mormons who soon settled in the vicinity of Nauvoo, Illinois, the Ivies settled back into the relatively uneventful rural life of Monroe county. What contact the Ivies maintained with their Allred and Fausett relations in Nauvoo is not known. Only Thomas C. Ivie is known to have been in Nauvoo during this time.
       

	Mark Twain leaves the following remembrance of rural life on the farm of his uncle John A. Quarles, who lived in the vicinity of the Ivies. The one recorded contact between the Ivies and Quarles during this period.  Was the marriage of Sally Ivie (daughter of James R Ivie) to William Datien (Dayton) - "parents consenting" - performed by Justice of the Peace John A. Quarles, on 9 October 1843.

    		My uncle, John A. Quarles, was a farmer, and his place was in the country four miles from Florida. He had eight children and fifteen or twenty negroes, and was also fortunate in other ways, particularly in his character. I have not come across a better man than he was. I was his guest for two or three months every year, from the fourth year after we removed to Hannibal till I was eleven or twelve years old.  I have never consciously used him or his wife in a book, but his farm has come very handy to me in literature once or twice. In Huck Finn and in Tom Sawyer, Detective I moved it down to Arkansas. It was all of six hundred miles, but it was no trouble; it was not a very large farm - five hundred acres, perhaps - but I could have done it if it had been twice as large. And as for the morality of it, I cared nothing for that; I would move a state if the exigencies of literature required it.
		It was a heavenly place for a boy, that farm of My uncle John's.  The house was a double log one, with a spacious floor (roofed in) connecting it with the kitchen. In the summer the table was set in the middle of that shady and breezy floor, and the sumptuous meals - well, it makes me cry to think of them. Fried chicken, roast pig; wild and tame turkeys, ducks, and geese; venison just killed; squirrels, rabbits, pheasants, partridges, prairie-chickens; biscuits, hot batter cakes, hot buckwheat cakes, hot "wheat bread," hot rolls, hot corn pone; fresh corn boiled on the ear, succotash, butter-beans, stringbeans tomatoes, peas, Irish potatoes, sweet potatoes; buttermilk, sweet milk, "clabber"; watermelons, muskmelons, cantaloupes - all fresh from the garden; apple pie, peach pie, pumpkin pie, apple dumplings, peach cobbler - I can't remember the rest. The way that the things were cooked was perhaps the main splendor - particularly a certain few of the dishes. For instance, the corn bread, the hot biscuits and wheat bread, and the fried chicken. These things have been properly cooked in the North.
    		The farmhouse stood in the middle of a very large yard, and the yard was fenced on three sides with rails and on the rear side with high palings; against these stood the smoke-house; beyond the palings was the orchard; beyond the orchard were the negro quarters and the tobacco fields. The front yard was entered over a stile made of sawed-off logs of graduated heights; I do not remember any gate. In a corner of the front yard were a dozen lofty hickory trees and a dozen black walnuts, and in the nutting season riches were to be gathered there.
    		Down a piece, abreast the house, stood a little log cabin against the rail fence; and there the woody hill fell sharply away, past the barns, the corncrib, the stables, and the tobacco-curing house, to a limpid brook which sang along over its gravelly bed and curved and frisked in and out and here and there and yonder in the deep shade of overhanging foliage and vines - a devine place for wading, and it had swimming pools, too, which were forbidden to us and therefore much frequented by us. For we were little Christian children and had early been taught the value of forbidden fruit.
   		 In the little log cabin lived a bedridden white-headed slave woman whom we visited daily and looked upon with awe, for we believed she was upward of a thousand years old and had talked with Moses. The younger negroes credited these statistics and had furnished them to us in good faith. We accommodated all the details which came to us about her; and so we believed that she had lost her health in the long desert trip coming out of Egypt, and had never been able to get it back again. She had a round bald place on the crown of her head, and we used to creep around and gaze at it in reverent silence, and reflect that it was caused by fright through seeing Pharaoh drowned. We called her "Aunt" Hannah, Southern fashion. She was superstitious, like the other negroes; also, like them, she was deeply religious. Like them, she had great faith in prayer and employed it in all ordinary exigencies, but not in cases where a dead certainty of result was urgent. Whenever witches were around she tied up the remnant of her wool in little tufts, with white thread, and this promptly made the witches impotent.
    		All the negroes were friends of ours, and with those of our own age we were in effect comrades. I say in effect, using the phrase as a modification. We were comrades, and yet not comrades; color arid condition interposed a subtle line which both parties were conscious of and which rendered complete beverage. The dose was half a dipperfull, with half a dipperfull of New Orleans molasses added to help it down and make it taste good, which it never did. The next standby was calomel; the next, rhubarb; and the next jalap. Then they bled the patient and put mustard plasters on him. It was a dreadful system, and yet the death rate was not heavy. The calomel was nearly sure to salivate the patient and cost him some of his teeth. There were no dentists. When teeth became touched with decay or were otherwise ailing, the doctor thought of but on thing to do he fetched his tongs and dragged them out. If the jaw remained, it was not his fault. Doctors were not called in cases of ordinary illness; the family grandmother attended to those. Every old woman was a doctor, and gathered her own medicines in the woods, and knew how to compound doses that would stir the vitals of a cast-iron dog. And then there was the "Indian doctor"; a grave savage, remnant of his tribe, deeply read in the mysteries of nature and the secret properties of herbs; and most backwoodsmen had high faith in his powers and could tell of wonderful cures achieved by him."
   		The country schoolhouse was three miles from my uncle's farm. It stood in a clearing in the woods and would hold about twenty-five boys and girls. We attended the school with more or less regularity once or twice a week, in summer, walking to it in the cool of the morning by the forest paths, and back in the gloaming at the end of day. All the pupils brought their dinners in baskets - corn dodger, buttermilk, and other good things - and sat in the shade of the trees at noon and ate them. It is the part of my education which I look back upon with the most satisfaction. My first visit to the school was when I was seven. A strapping girl of fifteen, in the customary sunbonnet and calico dress, asked me if I "used tobacco"-meaning did I chew it. I said no. It roused her scorn. She reported me to all the crowd, and said:  ' "Here is a boy seven years old who can't chew tobacco." By the looks, and comments which this produced I realized that I was a degraded object, and was cruelly ashamed of myself. I determined to reform. But I only made myself sick; I was not able to learn to chew tobacco. I learned to smoke fairly well, but that did not conciliate anybody and I remained a poor thing, and characterless. I longed to be respected, but I never was able to rise. Children have but little-charity for one another's defects.
   		 As I have said, I spent some part of every year at the farm until I was twelve or thirteen years old (1846-7). The life which I led there with my cousins was full of charm, and so is the memory of it yet...I know the delicate art and mystery of so cracking hickory nuts and walnuts on a flatiron with a hammer that the kernels will be delivered whole, and I know how the puts; taken in conjunction with winter apples, cider, and doughnuts, make old peoples's old tales and old jokes sound fresh and crisp and enchanting, and juggle an evening away before you know what went with the time. I know the look of Uncle Dan'l's kitchen as it was on the privileged nights, when I was child, and I can see the white and black children grouped on the hearth, with the firelight playing on their faces and the shadows flickering upon the walls, clear back toward the cavernous gloom of the rear, and I can hear Uncle Dan'1 telling the immortal tales which Uncle Remus Harris was to gather into his book and charm the world with, by and by; and I can feel again the creepy joy which quivered through me when the time for the ghost story was reached - and the sense of regret, too, which came over me, for it was always the last story of the evening and there was nothing between it and the unwelcome bed.
    		I remember the 'coon and 'possum hunts, nights, with the negroes, and the long marches through the black gloom of the woods, and the excitement which fired everybody when the distant bay of an experienced dog announced that the game was treed; then the wild scramblings and stumblings through briers and bushes and over roots to get to the spot; then the lighting of a fire and the felling of the tree, the joyful frenzy of the dogs and the negroes, and the weird picture it all made in the red glare -1 remember it all well, and the delight that everyone got out of it, except the 'coon.
   		I remember the pigeon seasons, when the birds would come in millions and cover the trees and by their weight break down the branches. They were clubbed to death with sticks; guns were not necessary and were not used. I remember the squirrel hunts, and prairie-chicken hunts, and wild-turkey hunts, and all that; and how we turned out, mornings, while it was still dark, to go on those expeditions, and how chilly and dismal it was, and how often I regretted that I was well enough to go. A toot on a tin horn brought twice as many dogs as were needed, and in their happiness they raced and scampered about, and knocked small people down, and made no end of unnecessary noise. At the word, they vanished away toward the woods, and we drifted silently after them in the melancholy gloom. But presently the gray dawn stole over the world, the birds piped up, then the sun rose and poured light and comfort all around, everything was fresh, and dewy and fragrant, and life was a boon again. After three hours of tramping we arrived back wholesomely tired, overladen with game, very hungry, and just in time for breakfast."

-----------

Aiding & Abetting

       		Parley P. Pratt and Moris Phelps escaped from the Columbia, Missouri jail in July 1839. King Follett escaped with Pratt and Phelps, but was apprehended. Luman Gibbs, who had turned against the others remained in jail. Parley P Pratt leaves this account of his flight across Missouri:

         		"...I now pursued my way until I entered upon a public road called the Louisiana road, as it was connected with a ferry on the Mississippi at a place called by that name. I had traveled that road before, and I was not a little rejoiced to find myself on ground I was so well acquainted with that I could travel by night without any danger of missing my way. I was now in a part of the State which was comparatively thickly inhabited, and therefore, considered it unsafe to proceed in the daytime, as the news of our escape must by this time have spread far and wide. I, therefore, spent the day either in concealment among the thickets, or in slowly progressing on my journey with much caution and many deviations from the road, in order to shun plantations and houses; but at night I pursued my way with all the strength I had.
         		On the third or fourth day after my escape from prison I found myself in the neighborhood of a settlement where I had formed some acquaintances years before, and where once lived a small branch of the Church, but they had all moved West, and, as I supposed, were driven out of the State with the others. But I recollected a family by the name of Ivy, who would still be living on the road, and who had been members, but were now dissenters. I was now very hungry and wanted a friend, but was in doubt whether they would befriend or betray me, as they had once been my friends, and not only so, but their near kindred had suffered in the general persecution, and had shared the common banishment. I hesitated, prayed, and at length came to the conclusion that I would venture past their door in open day, and if no one discovered or recognized me I would take it as a Providence, and conclude it was wisdom in God, as I would not be safe with them; but if, on the other hand, I was saluted by them, then I would think it a sign which Providence had given me as a witness that I could trust to them. I accordingly walked past their dwelling on Sunday evening, about two hours before sundown. As I got nearly past, the tittle children who were playing in the front door yard discovered me and cried out with surprise and joy, "there is brother Pratt! " At this a young man came running out to me, who proved to be one of my acquaintances, who was still a member of the Church, and who had been driven from the upper country; but instead of going to Illinois with the rest, he had come back and settled in his old neighborhood. I asked him where Mr. Ivy, the man of the house , was. He replied that he and his wife had gone to a neighbor's, two or three miles distant, on a visit; "and," continued he, "I also am here on a visit at the same time, and by this means I have very unexpectedly met with you; and I am very glad, for the news has just reached here that the prisoners had escaped, and that they burst a cap at one, and took another, and carried him back to prison. The other two have not been found." This was the first news I had heard either of myself or the others. I then requested him to go and charge the children strictly not to mention that they had seen me, and then come with me into the woods.
         		He did so. I then told him I was very hungry, faint and weary; and not only so, but so lame I could hardly move; besides, my feet were blistered, skinned and bloody. He said that his brother, who was also a member, and had been driven with him from the upper country, lived in an obscure place in the woods, some two miles distant, and that his brother's wife and children were as true and genuine Mormons as ever lived. He then took me on his horse and conducted me through a pathless wild for two miles, and, coming in sight of his brother's house, I dismounted and hid myself in a deep valley, whose sides were nearly perpendicular and formed of craggy rock, while he went to reconnoiter the house, and to get something ready for me to eat. He soon returned, informing me that his brother was out, and would not be in till dark; but the family wished very much that I would come in, as the children would hold their tongues, and it was thought to be perfectly safe. I declined, however, for the present, and he brought me out some bread, milk and cream, on which I refreshed myself till they prepared a more substantial supper.
        		As evening came on, being pressed to come in, I finally consented. On entering, I was received with joy by the family, and sat down to supper. One of their neighbors, a young man soon determined to tarry till the arrival of the man of the house, as he had some errand with him. This embarrassed me very much, for I was fearful that he would arrive and salute me as an old acquaintance, and call my name in the presence of the young man. But the children (bless their souls) took good care for that matter, and when they saw him they whispered to him that brother P. was there, and being just out of prison, he must not know him till Mr.-- had gone.
         		The man came in, and I look up, with a vacant stare, or rather with a strange and distant air, and inquired if he was the man of the house? I then went on to describe my horse which had strayed from me, and observed that I was out in search of him, and, being weary and hungry, I had stopped to get some refreshment with him. He said I was welcome to his house, and to such fare as he had; but he did not seen any nags, except what was owned in the neighborhood.
        		The young man soon did his errand and withdrew. We then shook each other by the hand most heartily, and, with a burst of joy and smiles, inquired after each other's welfare. I told him I was well nigh exhausted and worn out, and, withal, very lame, but still I had some hopes of making my escape out of the State, and of living to see my friends once more in a land of liberty. I then begged of him to exchange with me, and take my cap and give me a hat in its stead, which he did and then saddled his horse with a side saddle, and placing me on horseback, he ran before and by my side on foot, to take me on my journey. In this way we traveled till twelve o'clock at night, when I dismounted, and he bid me farewell, in order to reach his home again before the neighbors would arise and find him missing.
        		He had given me directions which would lead to the Mississippi River much nearer than the Louisiana ferry, and also more in the direct course towards my family who resided at Quincy, and, besides all these advantages, the route was more obscure, and, therefore, safer for me. I now pursued my course the remainder of the night with renewed courage and strength, although so very lame, foot sore, and so much exhausted that, in lying down to refresh myself, I could not again rise and put myself in motion short of extraordinary and repeated exertion., sometimes having to crawl on my hands and knees till I could get sufficiently limbered to arise and walk, and frequently staggering and falling in the attempt."
       
		"This man and wife were James Russell Ivie and his wife, Eliza.  I heard this story many time from Great Grandma and her son. Grandpa Ivie (Benjamin Martin Ivie). Only, as I remember it, the side saddle and his horse got him well on his way, but the horse never found his way back. "

      1840 Census Monroe County, Missouri

	Allred, John 
	W.H.
	Billington, Ezk.
	Ivi,    
	    J.A.
	    James
	    W.S.
	Ivy,   Anderson

	I January - Joseph Orson Ivie, son of James Russell Ivie is born near Florida, Monroe County, Missouri.




 The Election of 1840
Monroe Co, MO

       		"Although the county of Monroe was not so densely populated as a few others in 1840, yet that election was one of remarkable political excitement between the Whigs, with Gen. W.H. Harrison as their presidential candidate, and the democrats who were wildly excited in behalf of Van Buren, who had beaten Harrison in 1836. At no time in the history of the United States were the people generally roused to such a pitch of political excitement as during this memorable campaign...Men, women and children for some months before the election, which occurred in November, seemed to have little else to engage their attention, /every village had its log-cabin and tall Whig pole, representative of the Whig party, whilst the hickory poles also loomed up emblematic of Gen. Jackson and the Democratic party. Mighty crowds were assembled in the log-cabins to hear inflammatory speeches and indulge in potations of hard cider, while the Democrats met in council at their headquarters, heard and made speeches, etc.
       		All parties sang and drank during the campaign quite as much as was necessary and considerably more. It was the commonest event to meet hundreds of farmers' wagons loaded from 15 to 20 of both sexes, singing and roaring as they wended their way to some point agreed upon, where they were to listen to the eloquence of some great party leader and exhibit their patriotism:
      		Tippecanoe and Tyler too,' was the Whig watchword, accompanied by promises of  $2 per day and roast beef to every workingman under Harrison's administration. 

	William Long was a Whig speaker during the 1844 elections in Monroe county.


	October 8 - James R Ivie purchases 80 acres of land in Monroe County, Missouri.

1842       	4 March - Isaac L Ivie, brother of James R. is married to Melissa Long by Justice of the Peace, Theodore G Price, Monroe County, Missouri.



1843	29 March. Eliza Marie Ivie, daughter of James Russell Ivie is born near Florida, Monroe County, Missouri. A twin, Marie Betsy Ivie dies.

	26 October - William Long is married to Sarah Ivie, sister of James R., by Justice of the Peace, W. N. Perm in Monroe County, Missouri.

	The only record of any Ivie presence in Nauvoo, IL  is the signing of the Scroll Petition by Thomas C Ivie c1843-4, his marriage to Amanda Jane Moore, and birth of their daughter Sarah Jane Ivie there on 1 August 1845. 

1844              In late June, Joseph and his brother Hyrum Smith are murdered by a mob at the Carthage Jail. The church is left leaderless, prompting an internal struggle for control, while increasing antagonism makes it clear that the Mormons will beforced to leave Illinois.

	24 May. Isaac Thomas Ivie, son of James Russell Ivie is born near Florida, Monroe County, Missouri.

1845        	Plans to migrate west are announced in September 1845, while the Temple is rushed to completion. Bringham Young emerges as the leader of the dominant grouping of the church.

	9 October - William Datien (Dayton) is married (parents consenting) to Sally Ivie, daughter of J R Ivie, by Justice of the Peace John Quarles, the uncle of Mark Twain.  Was he the son of Joel Datin who owned land near the Anderson Ivie farm?

		The first record of William Hackley Allred in Adair County is the birth of his daughter Sarah Elizabeth there on 16 November 1845.
                                                                                                             
 		Sometime after October James R. Ivie and family joined the Mormon migration to the Rocky Mountains.  It is possible the following anecdote is true.  "James Russell had been given one of his father's slaves but when they got ready to leave for Utah the young slave did not want to leave them, however James R. knew he could not take a slave to Utah, therefore left the negro in Missouri.
       		They likely traveled through Adair County, Missouri. A family tradition in the William Shelton Ivie family is that he started out to join the Mormon exodus, but changed his mind in Kirkville, where he decided to settle. Another account adds this additional information: "...William Shelton, and families, got as far as Nerrion, Missouri, on their way to join the wagon train which would have soon headed for the west (Utah) There was something about one of William's girls marrying as a plural wife to a man by the name of Long. Both parents strongly opposed the marriage. So they dropped out of the company. "

		William S. Ivie was one of the first organizers of the Christian or Campbellite Church in Kirkville, Adair County in the winter of 1845-6.
 
      	John Anderson Ivie, who had marched in Zion's Camp, appears to have left the church. Sisters Polly Ann Ivie Billington and Elizabeth Ivie Allred and their husbands seem to have remained Mormons, though they remained in Missouri. Only James R. and Thomas C. Ivie initially migrate to Utah. In 1849, Isaac Allred writes that his older brother William Hackley Allred had left the Church, although he eventually migrates to Utah around 1875. For whatever reasons other Ivie relatives also left Monroe county at this time.   

1846	William S Ivie bought land near Kirkville, Adair county.  He was one of the first organizers of the Christian or Campbellite Church, in the winter of 1845-6

1847	Elizabeth Thrasher, mother of Sarah Allred, et al dies c1847, at the age of 87.  She is believed to have lived with her daughter Sarah and son-in-law Anderson Ivie

1852	Anderson Ivie dies in Monroe County, MO.  Leaving a will dated 17 April, proved 12 June 1852.

1854	Sons James Russell Ivie and Thomas C Ivie sign a quite claim renouncing any further claim to their father's estate in return for a settlement of $228.  They apparently traveled back to Missouri from Utah to protest the terms of their father's will, but reached this agreement with the other heirs.  Relations within the family seem not to have been totally amiable.  

1861	12 Feb - The Anderson Ivie estate excluding 160 acres in section 21 (54-8), was appraised at 3,591.35, of which $144.90 derived from the proceeds of Sarah Ivie's Estate, a $420 outstanding note, and slaves valued at $2,850.  


Slaves Owned by the Ivie Family

	8 May - The heirs of Anderson Ivie Petitioned the Court requesting that the eight slaves left to them jointly be put up for sale and the proceeds divided among them. Dated 8 May, 1861, Monroe Co. Probate Court. The auction took place at the County Court House, on the first Monday in June.  

Inventory

	 Critty," an old negro woman" , aged 50 and appraised at $50. In the bill of sale for the auction she was listed as 60 years old, and was purchased by Julia L Ivie, the widow if William S Ivie for $67. 

	Nancy, age 21, appraised at $800, with children Mary age 4, appraised at$300, Sarah age 2, appraised at $150 and Jesse at 3 months appraised for $100.  Thomas Barker was the high bidder for Nancy and Jesse for $720, Mary for $230, and Sarah for $191, for a total of $1144.  Christopher C Fields provided Security.

	Martha, age 16, appraised at $800.  She was purchased by William P Linden for $690.  George Rice provided Security.

	Blind Jim, age 14, appraised at $50.  Jim was purchased by Julia L Ivie for $2.  The fact that she brought both Critty and Blind Jim (or James), shows, I believe, some compassion for these two people whose age and disability diminished their desirability as slave.  William P Linden provided security. 

	Peter, age 12, appraised at $700, was purchased by John A Ivie for $600, with William P Linden providing security.

	------------------

		Information on the slave ownership by the various Ivie families in Monroe county is sketchy at best, and this is an area that needs a lot of research.     
		A family anecdote relates that Anderson Ivie gave a young slave to his son James R. Ivie, who realized, rather late in the game it would seem, that he could not take a slave to Utah, he was freed at Omaha, and told he could live with another family or make his way back to Missouri as best he could.  Another family anecdote relates that Anderson Ivie owned 75 slaves, an unrealistic number which points up the reliability of family anecdotes.  The first documented mention of slavery among the Monroe county Ivies is in the Will of Anderson Ivie, in which he gives the boy Ben (a slave) to his daughter Sarah Long, over and above her share in his estate.  The only other record, known at this time, is the above sale of slaves, and it raises more questions than it answers.  
		What became of Ben, Critty, Nancy, and her children Mary, Sarah and Jesse, or of Martha , Peter and Blind Jim.  John A Ivie bought Peter, and Sarah Long was given Ben, and Julia L Ivie bought Critty and Blind Jim, so we can't assume slave ownership was uncommon among the Ivie siblings.  Perhaps it was a factor in some of the family leaving the Mormon church.  While the church was careful not to take a position on Slavery during the Missouri period, slave ownership was neither encouraged, nor common among the Mormons.  It is perhaps a factor why James Russell Ivie did not migrate to Illinois with the main body of the Mormon Church in 1839.
		Hopefully, the fact that Julia L Ivie purchased Critty and Blind Jim is demonstrative of a certain level of humaneness among the Ivies that Mark Twain described as the norm in Monroe County:            

   		As I have said, we lived in a slaveholding community; indeed, when slavery perished my mother had been in daily touch with it for sixty years. Yet, kind-hearted and compassionate as she was, I think she was not conscious that slavery was a bald, grotesque, and unwarrantable usurpation. She had never heard it assailed in any pulpit, but had heard it defended and sanctified in a thousand; her ears were familiar with Bible texts that approved it, but if there were any that disapproved it they had not been quoted by her pastors; as far as her experience went, the wise and the good and the holy were unanimous in the conviction that slavery was right, righteous, sacred, the peculiar pet of the Deity, and a condition which the slave himself ought to be daily and nightly thankful for. Manifestly, training and association can accomplish strange miracles. As a rule our slaves were convinced and content. So, doubtless, are the far more intelligent slaves of a monarchy; they revere and approve their masters, the monarch and the noble, and recognize no degradation in the fact that they are slaves - slaves with the name blinked, and less respectworthy than were our black ones, if to be a slave by meek consent is baser than to be a slave by compulsion - and doubtless it is.
    		However, there was nothing about the slavery of the Hannibal region to rouse one's dozing humane instincts to activity. It was the mild domestic slavery, not the brutal plantation article. Cruelties were very rare, and exceedingly and wholesomely unpopular. To separate and sell the members of a slave family to different masters was a thing not well liked by the people, and so it was not often done, except in the settling of estates. I have no recollection of ever seeing a slave auction in that town; but I am suspicious that that is because the thing was a common and commonplace spectacle, not an uncommon and impressive one. I vividly remember seeing a dozen black men and women chained to one another awaiting shipment to the Southern slave market. Those were the saddest faces I have ever seen. Chained slaves could not have been a common sight, or this picture would not have made so strong and lasting impression upon me.
   		The "nigger trader" was loathed by everybody. He was regarded as a sort of human devil who bought and conveyed poor helpless creatures to hell - for to our whites and blacks alike the Southern plantation was simply hell; no milder name could describe it. If the threat to sell an incorrigible slave "down the river" would not reform him, nothing would - his case was past cure.
    		It is commonly believed that an infallible effect of slavery was to make such as lived in its midst hard hearted. I think it had no such effect - speaking in general terms. I think it stupefied everybody's humanity, as regarded the slave, but stopped there. - I mean there were no more than would be found in any other town of the same size in any other country; and in my experience hard-hearted people are very rare everywhere.

1863

WAS THOMAS C IVIE MURDERED IN MISSOURI


(SOME BACKGROUND)


The Murder of Isaac Allred by Thomas C Ivie
	
	Weds. 11 May 1859.  Thomas C Ivie kills his nephew Isaac Allred.  Allred is burried at Fort Ephraim the next day.

Hosea Stout diary.
	"News from San Pete County is that Isaac Allred my brother-in-law has been murdered by Thomas Ivie.  The particulars and circumstances which led to his murder I have not learned."
		
		"Isaac Allred and Thomas Ivie were both good Mormons of long standing in the church, neighbors and friends, they became involved in a quarrel over some sheep."
					
		"Thurs 9th   Samuel Hamilton arrived from G.S. Lake City, reported that Thos Ivy killed Isaac Allred, both of San Pete Co.  It seems that the parties got into a dispute about herding sheep and Ivy struck him an unlucky blow on the head with a cedar stick which he drew out of the fire in the moment of passion, broke his skull.  He lived 8 hours, but never spoke.  Allred previous to this it seems had struck Ivy several times."
						Journal John D Lee
	
	"Fatal Assault - A correspondent at Manti, under date of May 15th, says that on the evening of 11th of May, at Pleasant creek in Sanpete county, a man by the name of Thomas Ivie committed an assault upon Isaac Allred, striking him twice with a fire brand, breaking the skull, which caused death shortly after.
		Ivie was immediately arrested and committed, to answer for the offense at the next term of court.
		Deceased had a large family which by that fatal occurrence, are left to mourn the loss of a much loved and respected husband and father."
							Deseret News
							Wed, May 25, 1859

	"...(Isaac  Allred) was killed by Thos. Ivie, who assailed him over a trivial matter and beat him with a burning stick from the camp fire...He died the next day.  The difficulty arose over some sheep which Bro. Allred had in charge and which belonged to Thos. Ivie.  His murderer was tried and condemned to death, but he managed to escape and went east.  Pres. Young prophesied that Thos Ivie would apostatize from the Church and that buzzards would pick his bones.  This prediction was literally fulfilled, as the remains of Mr. Ivie were subsequently found in a corn field nearly devoured by buzzards."
					
	May 12 - Thomas Ivie is arrested and taken to Manti, where he is bound over by Justice Elisher Averett.

	June 13 - A grand jury was impaneled which on the 14th presented a true bill for murder against Thomas C Ivie.  A jury was then chosen and the case proceeded; the trial lasted until the 16th when it was admitted to jury,  who returned a  verdict of guilty, and on Friday, June 17th, Judge Garner Snow pronounced a sentence of death upon the prisoner.  Ivie appealed his case to be tried before Judge Eccles, and on the 3rd of July, Sheriff A. Tuttle left Manti with the prisoner for Camp Floyd.  Ivie was kept at Camp Floyd for sometime, then turned loose.  He went to Missouri where he quarreled with a brother-in-law, who killed him and left his body in a corn field to be devoured by the buzzards.  This happened about a year after he left Utah.  "   
-------------------

		Was Thomas C. Ivie even in MO?  A Thomas Ivie was a bidder at the sale of household goods after the death of his mother on 8 February 1861. Was this Thomas C Ivie?  An intriguing, but cryptic note is found among the Probate Papers of the Anderson Ivie estate.

		
	Wm Long adm of estate of Anderson Ivie said
	(R)eff
	against			} Attachment*
	Thomas C Ivie  Deff

				Received Paris MO, March
	30th 1863 of William Long, Sixteen dollars & 25 cnts
	in full of Bill of Jas R Winchell, for administering.  
	Order of Publication in above entitled (court?) for 
	four weeks in "Plamyra Courier"

				Henry Davis, Clerk
				Monroe Cir Court 

	*The attachment is missing in my copy.


	What does this mean?  Why is William Long, in his capacity as administrator of Anderson Ivie's Will, suing Thomas C Ivie?  Is there a clue here about the murder, the motive perhaps.  Thomas C Ivie is presumably still alive up to about this time, but as William Long did not always pay these estate bills in a very timely fashion, we can only know with certainty that the suit took place before 30 March 1863.  	
		







          Appendix A

        Will of Anderson Ivie Proved, Holiday, Monroe County, Missouri 12 June 1852

	Know all men by these presents that I Anderson Ivie of Monroe County and State of Missouri being of an advanced age and of feeble health and knowing the uncertainty of life, do this day and by these presents make this my last will and testament viz.  I will to my daughter Sally M Long a negro named Ben independent and above her share of my estate as will be (           ) in this instrument (said Boy is now with her) and is a slave and this will show belongs to her. I then give and bequeath to my beloved wife Sarah Ivie my entire estate both real, personal and (   ) to have and to hold said by this instrument as soon as I die or at my death the right and tittle of the above estate is to be vested in her to do with as may seem to her best and use her discretion without any hindrance or Protesst from any or every person or persons and after her death the property and effects that may be on hand I wish and will shall be equally devided between my children (share and share alike) Polly Ann Billington, John A Ivie, Elizabeth Allred, William S Ivie, Isaac L Ivie, Sally M Long, and Martin J Ivie. I give and bequeath to James R Ivie and Thomas C Ivie the sum of one dollar each to be paid out of my Estate. It is my further will that my Estate shall not go into the County Court and at the death of my wife Sarah if my children to whom I have given my estate cannot agree they may select any number of persons that they may see fit to divide my Estate as requested by this instrument Given under my hand and seal this Seventeenth day of April in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty two.

	Witnesses: T. G. Price, John Vandeventer

							Anderson Ivie



              Appendix B
Monroe County Land Transactions (incomplete)

	January 9, 1830    James R. Ivie purchases 80 acres in (Rails) Monroe County $200. (East half of the North East quarter of section 21 Township 54 North. Range 8 West.

	May 2, 1831          First Deed Recorded in Monroe County

       	This indenture made this second day of May in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-one, between Anderson Ivie and Sarah Ivie, his wife, of the one part, and John T. Grigsby of the other part, witnesseth, that the said Anderson Ivie and Sarah Ivie, his wife, for and in consideration of the sum of five hundred dollars, to them in hand and paid in good and lawful money of the United States, by the said John T. Grigsby, before the ensealing and delivery of these presents, the receipt of whereof is hereby acknowledged, have this day bargained and sold, and by these presents do grant, bargain and sell unto the aforesaid John T. Grigsby, his heirs and assigns forever, the west half of the south-west quarter of section 15, in township 54, of range eight, west of the fifth principle meridian, in Monroe County, Missouri; also five acres adjoining the aforementioned 80 acres; beginning at the south-east comer of the said 80 acres; and running south with an open line in section 22, 28 poles. thence west so far as will include five acres to a stone, in or near a branch; thence north to intersect with the section line between 15 and 22; thence east to the beginning; the said land to remain to the only proper use and behoof of the said John T. Grigsby, with all the appurtenances thereon or belonging thereto, the said Anderson Ivie and Sarah Ivie, his wife, for themselves and heirs, forever, bind themselves to warrant and defend against all persons claiming of the said John T. Grigsby, his heirs or assigns, the aforementioned tract or parcel of land, together with all the appurtenances thereon or belonging thereto.
       		In testimony whereof, I, Anderson Ivie and Sarah Ivie, my wife, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this day and date first above mentioned.
				Anderson Ivie [ seal ] Sarah Ivie   [ seal ]


	1831 Ezekiel Billington to Isaac Allred -155 acres W*/2 ofNW/4 of section 22 - Twnshp 54N - 8W, with the exception of five acres square in the northeast corner of the said tract or parcel of land.


	Febrary 28,1833 James R. Ivie to Anderson Ivie - 185 acres. $300. E'/2 ofNE'/4 of section 20 - Twnshp 54N - 8W


	July 22,1833 Anderson Ivie to James Ivie - 160 acres - $300 1/2 ofNWV4 of section 21 - Twnshp 54N - 8W

	September 183-Charles Whitlass to Anderson Ivie - 160 acres -$350 
	E'/2 ofNE'/4 of section 29 - Twnshp 54N - 8W 
	E1/2 of SE 1/4 of section 29 - Twnshp 54N - 8W

	October 8.1840 - James R. Ivie purchases - 80 acres W'/2 of NE ®/4 of section 18 - Twnshp 54N - 8W

Bureau of Land Management 
Records of Land Patentees
Missouri


Ivie, Anderson		 

04/24/1833	E1/2NE   	20	54N-8W	80	Monroe
04/24/1833	W1/2NW	21	54N-8W	80	Monroe
10/13/1835	NESW		21	54N-8W	40	Monroe
09/01/1838	E1/2SW	 5	54N-8W	80	Monroe
	SE		 5	54N-8W	160	Monroe
	W1/2SW	 5	54N-8W	80	Monroe
	NWNE		 5	54N-8W	40	Monroe
10/01/1852	SESE		10	62N-15W	40	Adair
10/01/1852	SENE		15	62N-15W	40	Adair
05/01/1854	NWNE		27	62N-15W	40	Adair
08/01/1854	SW		13	61N-15W	160	Adair
10/10/1854	SESE		27	62N-15W	40	Adair

Isaac Ivie

05/01/1854	SWSW		 27	62N-15W	40	Adair

James Ivie

10/10/1854	NESE		  3	63N-17W	40	Adair
10/10/1854	SESE		  3	63N-17W	40	Adair

James Russell Ivie

11/06/1835	NE		27	49N-33W	160 	Jackson
09/07/1838	SWNE		30	56N-29W	40	Caldwell
09/07/1838	NWSE		30	56N-29W	40	Caldwell
10/01/1856	NENW		35	64N-17W	40	Adair
10/10/1856	SESW		26	64N-17W	40	Adair

John A Ivie

11/02/1837	NENE		  5	53N-8W	40	Monroe
11/02/1837	NWNW	  4	53N-8W	40	Monroe
09/01/1838	   SE		  5	54N-8W	160	Monroe
09/01/1838	W1/2SW	  5	54N-8W	80	Monroe	
03/30/1849	W1/2NW	 25	62N-15W	80	Adair
03/30/1849	SENE		 26	62N-15W	40	Adair
05/01/1854	NENE		 26	62N-15W	40	Adair
05/01/1854	NWSW	 25	62N-15w	40	Adair
05/01/1854	SWSW		 24	62N-15W	40	Adair
04/01/1856	E1/2NE	 25	62N-15W	80	Adair
04/01/1856	NESW		 25	62N-15W	40	Adair
04/01/1856	S1/2NW	 30	62N-14W	31	Adair

Martin Ivie

05/15/1857						120	Newton

William S Ivie

09/01/1838	NWNE		  8	54N-8W	40	Monroe
07/01/1841	SENE		  5	54N-8W	40	Monroe
10/10/1854	SESE		 21	62N-16W	40 	Adair
04/01/1856	NWSE		   1	62N-16W	40	Adair
08/01/1857	SESE		 13	61N-15W	40	Adair

William H Allred

10/13/1835	E1/2NW	 15	54N-8W	80	Monroe
07/28/1838	W1/2NE	 31	56N-29W	80	Caldwell
07/28/1838	NWSE		 18	56N-29W	40	Caldwell
07/01/1848	E1/2NE	 36	62N-14W	80	Adair
05/01/1854	E1/2SW	 13	62N-14W	80	Adair
10/01/1856	W1/2SE	 24	62N-14W	80	Adair
	NENE		 25	62N-14W	40	Adair
07/01/1857	NESW		 24	62N-14W	40	Adair	


Ezekiel Billington

04/24/1833	W1/2NE	 18	54N-8W	80	Monroe
08/02/1838	SENE		 35	56N-30W	40	Clinton
09/07/1838	SENW		 29	56N-29W	40	Caldwell
09/01/1853	SESE		 33	63N-14W	40	Adair
09/01/1853	SWSW		 34	63N-14W	40	Adair
04/01/1856	SENE		 36	63N-15W	40	Adair	

William Long

	SWSW		 17	54N-27W	40	Ray



       Appendix C Monroe County Missouri Marriages 1831-49 (incomplete)

11 October 1832- Isaac Allred - July Ann Taylor, married by David Baker, Elder. (Jackson Smith, John Allred Jr., John N. Burton witnesses.)

15 November 1832 - John Burton - Sally Allred, married by John A. Ivie, Elder.

29 May 1834 - Robert Macord - Mary Ann Tailor, married by John A. Ivie.

4 March 1841- Isaac L Ivie - Melissa Long, married by Theodore G.
   Price* , Justice of the Peace.

11 March 1841- Thomas Allread - Nancy Pierce, married by Theodore G.
   Price, Justice of the Peace.

31 August 1843 - Richard Stice - Elizabeth J. Allred, married by W. N.
   Penn," Justice of the Peace.

26 October 1843- William Long - Sarah Ivie, married by W. N. Penn, Justice of the Peace.

22 December 1843 - Asa Stice - Rody C. Allred, married by W. N. Penn, Justice of the Peace.

11 July 1844 - Richard A. Ivie - Jane M. Allread, married by W. N. Penn, Justice of the Peace.

9 October 1845- William Datien (Dayton) - Sally Ivie, married by John Quarles,""** Justice of the Peace. Parents consenting.

" Theodore G. Price was a witness to the will of Anderson Ivie, 1852 "* Founder and leading citizen of Florida, MO. "** John A. Quarles was the uncle of Mark Twain.




           Appendix D Members and Possible Members of Salt River Branch of the Mormon Church in Monroe County, Missouri. 1832-1837

       I have been quite liberal in my membership requirements of the Salt River Branch, and have included (perhaps wrongly) those marrying into the Ivie and Allred families, as well as witnesses to those marriages. The names of those who are specifically mentioned as members in some source will be followed by an * 


Ezekiel Billington* jr. - Poly Ann Ivie* 
Squire Bozarth* Wrote a Missouri Redress petition 
John N Burton - Sally Allred 
David Baker* 
Robert Macord* - member ofZion's Camp - Mary Ann Tailor 
George Hinkle* 
Richard Stice - Elizabeth J. Allred 
Asa Stice - Rody C. Allred 
William Long - Sarah Ivie  (no indication they were Mormons)
Melissa Long - Isaac L Ivie (no indication he was a Mormon.) 
Nancy Pierce 
William Dayton* - Sally Ivie* 
Allred, 
	James* 
	Isaac (elder)* 
	William Hackley* 
	Isaac (younger)* - July Ann Taylor 
	Thomas - Nancy Pierce 
	Martin C.*
     	William M*
Ivie,   
	William Shelton* - Went on a mission to Tenn.
	elder John Anderson* - President of the Branch 
	James R*
	Thomas C* - 
	Richard A* - Jane M. Allread

Adair County, MO
Census - 1850

dwelling-family	name			age    sex    occupation     real property    state of birth

      39 - 39	Allred, Thomas 	 35     m      farmer	$100		TN
			 Nancy		 27      f                                                KY
			 Elizabeth	   8      f				MO
			 John		   5     m				MO
			 William	   3     m				MO
			 Joseph		   1     m				MO

		Billington, James	 26     m				TN

   116 -115	Allred, John		  45    m      farmer	$100		GA
			Nancy		  42     f				GA
			
		Ivy, 	Jane M		  24     f				TN
			John W	    4    m				MO
		Stice, 	Nancy M 	    4     f				MO

   118-117	Billington, Ezekiel	  51    m     farmer	$600		(MO)
			Polly Ann	  49					GA
			William	  19    m				MO
			John		  16    m				MO
			Rufus		  15    m				MO
			Nathaniel 	  13    m				MO
			Henry T	  11    m				MO
			Ezekiel	   7     m				MO

   230-229	Allred, W. H.		  46    m     farmer	$300		GA
			Eliz		  44    m				TN
			Lewis P	  19    m				MO
			Paulina	  17     f				MO
			Enoch		  15    m				MO
			Joseph R	  11    m				MO
			Amassy L	   7     m				MO
			Sarah		   4     f					MO
			Willis W	   3    m				MO
			Celeste		8/12   f					MO

   242-241	Ivy, 	John		  46   m     laborer			GA
			Anny		  45    f					GA
			Anderson	  25   m				TN
			Sally		  22    f					TN
			James		  18   m				MO
			Polly A	  16    f					MO
			William     	  14   m				MO
			Rufus		    9   m				MO
			Nancy		    6   m				MO

   266-265	Allred, Monroe	  21   m				MO
			Jane		  21   f					KY

   378-377	Ivy,	William	  33   m      farmer	$300		GA
			Eliza (Louisa?)  30   f					TN
			James		  15   m				MO
			Sarah		  10   f					MO
			Elizabeth	   7    f					MO
			Stacy		   3    f					MO
			Joseph M 	6/12  m				MO

          Appendix E Mormon Redress Petitions (addressed to the U.S. Congress)

James, Isaac, Martin C., Reuben W., and William Allred, and William M Fausett all sign Redress Petitions.



ALLRED, Reuben W.

May 1839
       state of Missouri Dr to Reuben W Allred for driving me from my house and home and destroying my property and my Citizenship and time and expenses and sofourth and Whole a mount 600 Dollars

                                      Reuben W Allred I certify that the Within stetement to be true
                                              Reuben W. Allred

[Sworn to before C.M. Woods, C.C.C., Adams Co., IL, 6 May 1839.}



ALLRED, Isac

Quincy III May 1839
       State of Missouri to Isaac Allred Sen Dr.

to the necessity of removing from Clay to Calwell Co in consequence of the non protection of Law in said state During 1836

to being deprived of my citisonship in said state by the non protection of Law and the Govners Exterminating order of 1838 to Loss on land to Loss on Grain and Cost of removing from said State To Exsposur of myself & family's health

       I certify the a bove account to Be Just and true a cording to the Best of My Knowledg

Isac Allred

[Sworn to before C.M. Woods, C.C.C., Adams Co., IL, 18 May 1839.]



ALLRED, William

       I William Allred and family Left the state of Tenesee & Moved to the State of Missouri in the year 1836 I then Entered in the County of Ray 353 acres of Congress Land I was then oblieged to Leave my Land the Same Season the Mormons Church ofJesuis Christ of Latterday Saints of which I was a member ware obliege to Leave the Counties of Ray & Clay & Moved to the County ofCaldwell I then Entered & bought in Caldwell County 240 acres of Land Lived in peace until Summer of 1838 the mob there a rose & Commenced there depridations upon the inhabitants of Caldwell & there was one Continual Scene of war untill Governor Boggs Issued an Exterminating order the Militia was then ordered out they encampt near our town we gave ware obliege to give up our guns & took us prisners the Militia quartered in our town & in our houses and stabled there horses in my houses 3 in number they killed our Cattle our hogs & Sheep fed our Corn plunder our houses Stole our property the Commanding officer Gen. dark then Cald us together & Selected fortySeven of which I was one they Shut us upin a Storehouse untill the next morning they took us to Richmond in Ray County & Shut us up in an open Corthouse where we Suffered much in hunger and cold we ware then put on trial haveing ben Charged with every high Crime the trial Continued about fifteen days then they Exhonerated about 23 of which I was one on acount of the order of the Governor I was obliege to Leave the State to Save my life & my family for which I was obliege to Sell part of my Land at any price they please to give, three of my Boys being on wefe Business were taken by the Militia & kept in there possesion Some few days the part of my Land that I Sold I was obliege to give up my Duplicates.

                                  William Allred

(Sworn to before A Brown, J. P., Pike Co., III., 10 Jan 1840)


ALLRED, William

September the 3rd AD 1839 State of Illinois Pike County Of Damage sustained By Mr Wm. Allred by the Mob of the state of Missouri and the Exterminating order of Governor Boggs it is Four thousand Dollars at a moderate rate.


                                  William Allred (Sworn to before W. H. Boling, C.C.C.C., Pike Co., III., 4 Sept 1839)



James and Martin C Allred sign a group petition in which they state their loses for "land and property" at $2,000 and $200 respectively



FOSSETT, William M. Quincy May 6th 1839
       A bill of Damiges against the State of missori

mooveing to the State 			$600.00 
two years labor			 400.00 			
Loss of Land 				100.00 
mooveing from the State		  40.00			



Deprived of the wright of citizen Ship my life threatened and now with out house or home
       I Here by Certify that the a bove acount of Debt and Damage is correct acording to the best of my knowleg

                                            Wm. M Fossett [Sworn to before W. Tainter, who signed for C. M. Woods, C.C.C., Adams Co., IL, 16 Mar 1840]

Leads
Missing Pieces

Landownership 1830 - 70  - Ivies and related families

Court Records 1830-1865

Thomas C Ivie - Murder, 1862-3, Monroe or Adair County?

Salt River Journal, article reprinted from the Columbia Missouri Intelligencer, June 1834.  (description of encampment of Zion's Camp at the Allred farm.

1860	
Copy of receipt from Collector's Office, for taxes paid by Mrs. Sarah Ivy for the year I860.( don't have)

Slave Scheduals 1850, 1860.  (Through National Archives)

Bishop Partridge report on the Salt River Branch.  (Harold Lee Library)

Zion's Camp journals
	Tanner, Nathan
	Andrus, Milo
	Grove, Elisha
	McBride, Rea
	Noble, B
	Murdock, John, Autobiography, including Zion's Czmp
	Smith, George A Journal of Zion's Camp.

Who were the Longs?  William Long marries Sally M Ivie - 1843 - Monroe Co
Isaac Ivie marries Melissa Long 1841, Monroe County.
William S Ivie leaves the church over a proposed polygamous marriage of a daughter to someone named Long, that neither parent approved of.

Who were John Allred, Senior and Junior?

What became of John A Ivie?  When did he leave the church?  Under what circumstances?

Which Ivies became Mormons, and which did not?  What were the dynamics over this issue within the family?

National History Company, History of Monroe and Shelby Counties, Missouri., St. Louis, 1884, p 93
ibid. p152
Payne, Mark Twain pp10-11
Allred, William Moore,  Biography and Journal
op. cit. History of Monroe County, pp112-3
Allred, Reddick N Autobiography
Journal History ofthe Church. June 14, 1831, v 3 p
  Who this Mr Ivey is, is not clear.  It could have been Anderson Ivie, James R. Ivie or John Anderson Ivie, each of whom was marrieed at this time.  Since it seems that Anderson Ivie and his wife never became Mormons we might eliminate them from the list of likely candidates.
 op cit McLellin. p

 op. cit. McLellin p38
 op. cit Journal  Reddick N Allred p15
George Hinkle, a member of the Salt River Branch and neighbor of the Ivies and Allreds, later, as commander of the Mormon Militia at Far West, Missouri in 1838, he presided over the capitulation of the Mormon forces, and the surrender of Joseph Smith and other members of the Church hierarchy. There was no question at the time that anything else could have been done, or that these decisions were, in fact, made by Joseph Smith.
'40p.Cit Journal Reddick N Allred 15y~cit.Alred, William M. Biography pi

 op. cit. McLellin pp96-7
Cannon, Don.  Far west Record, pp66-7
 op. cit. Allred, W. M. p
ibid
 Journal History, June 19, 1831
Hancock, Levi W.  "Life of Levi Hancock", typescript, Special Collections, Harold B Lee Library, Bringham Young University.  pp37-40
Cannon, Don Far West Record
 Walker, John R. "Redress Petition", 1840
Launius, Roger D. Zion 's Camp 
Kimball,HeberC. Diary.

 Chidester, John M. Autobiography. 
Autobiography of Joseph Holbrook pl7
Allred, Isaac, "Autobiiographical Sketch"
Autobiography of Joseph Holbrook. pl9 
Holmes, Milton. Missionary Report, 2 November 183 5.
 ibid.
Thomas, Martha Autobiography 
Thomas, Martha Autobiography 
 Quinn, D Michael, The Mormon Hierarchy 
During this conference, on Sunday, July 8, 1838, the revelation concerning the law oftithing was received, as well as several other revelations, some not published.
Cannon, Don., Far West Record p201
" 32Tanner, John, "Sketch of An Elder's Life," Scraps of Biography (Salt Lake City: Juvenile Instructor Office, 1883), pp 33-34 

Johnson, Clark, LDS Redress Petitions of the 1830's
0p cit. Thomas, Martha P.J. Autobiography. 
Op. cit. R.N. Allred journal 
 Document Containing the Correspondence, Orders, Etc., In Relation to the Disturbances With the Mormons
 Rollins, J. Henry, typescript rerninences, pl2 
 Wilcox, Pearl. The Latter-day Saints on the Missouri Frontier, p295 
 Allred, William Affidavit See apendix.

Twain, Mark Autobiography, pp98-125
'Pratt, Parley P. Autobiography.
 Robins, Hettie M. "James Russell Ivie & Wife Eliza McKee Faucett." A granddaughter of Benjamin Martin Ivie.
 op cit. History ofMonroe County, ppl90-l
 Builder of Early Millard 
 Robins, Op. cit. p4
 Goodspeed Publishers, History of Missouri, 1888.
 Allred, Isaac, c 1849. Autobiography.
Goodspeed Publishing, History of Missouri. 1888
Twain, Mark  Autobiography, pp98-125
 Stout, Hosea Diary
  Lee, John D., Journal
Deseret News, 25 May 1859.
   LDS Biographical Encyclopedia	




Longsdor, Hilda Madsen.  Mount Pleasant.  p44

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