Bertie COUNTY NC BIOS Anderson Family Copyright. All rights reserved. http://www.usgwarchives.net/copyright.htm File contributed for use in USGenWeb Archives by "Paul Anderson" http://www.usgwarchives.net/nc/bertie.htm The James Anderson Family, 1660-1760 Of Early Chowan, Bertie, Tyrrell, Edgecombe, Northampton, Granville and Cumberland Counties of North Carolina. Perspective 2 Initial Overview 2 Family Profiles 4 First Generation 4 Second Generation 9 Third Generation 13 Conclusions 16 Chronology 17 SECOND DRAFT Adds consideration of William and Joseph. Prepared by: Paul K. Anderson, Jr. 1804 Glenbrook PL Dalton, GA 30720 1 706 275 0870 pa@alltel.net EARLY EASTERN NORTH CAROLINA ANDERSONS Perspective: The North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources notes that after the Tuscarora Indian war (1711-1715) the Colony of North Carolina was left in debt. In 1715 the general Assembly established the first Poll Tax in the colony. The 1720-21 tax records show only four Anderson families being taxed. #1 Robert Anderson of Chowan County #2 John Anderson of Perquimans County #3 James Anderson of Perquimans County #4 James Anderson of Bertie County Thirty four to thirty five years later the 1755 tax list shows eleven individual Anderson families being taxed. There could have been one family exempted. We have a record of a Caucasian family named George Anderson from Bertie County making his will in Granville county July 6, 1757, will probated March 7, 1758. A disability could have resulted in exemption. #5 Robert Anderson, Jr. Beaufort Co. #6 Alexander Anderson Cumberland Co. #7 John Anderson Cumberland Co. #8 John Anderson Currituck Co. #9 Alexander Anderson Granville Co. #10 George Anderson (free black) Granville Co. #11 John Anderson (in Thomas Cooper HH) Granville Co. #12 Lewis Anderson (free black) Granville Co. #13 John Anderson Orange Co. #14 Robert Anderson Tyrrell Co. #15 John Anderson Tyrrell Co. As you can see, we are not researching a large number of Anderson families. Initial Overview: #1, #5, #14 We have little on Robert Anderson. Deed research, by the late Hugh B. Johnston of Wilson County, NC, finds Robert in Chowan/Bertie Counties 1729/30 and then Tyrrell County in 1736. #15 John Anderson of Tyrrell may be related to Robert above. The only record we have on this John Anderson is the 1755 tax list. #2 John Anderson of Perquimans County is well identified. He was the son of John and Jane Anderson who were transported to Perquimans Precinct, NC by John and Hannah Nicholson Gosby in 1693. Son John received a grant of 640 acres in Perquimans Precinct on June 24, 1704 for transporting 13 persons into the precinct. The family was literate and written records are available. The family remained and prospered in the area. We have found no connection with this John Anderson family. #3 James Anderson and wife Debrow(sic) of Perquimans County are well identified by their own deeds, son John’s deeds and wills made by James and his mother, Elizabeth. He is third son of #4, James Anderson of Bertie County. He, his father and other family members used a distinctive mark when signing deeds and wills; a capitol “I” with a dash in the middle. #4 James Anderson of Bertie County was one of the first to migrate down the Moratock River(now Roanoke River) after the Tuscarora Indian War. He is well identified by court records and deeds. #6, #9 The Alexander Andersons are only identified in the 1755 NC tax list. We have found no grants, deeds and court records for them at this time. There was an Alexander Anderson family in Virginia. #7 John Anderson of Cumberland County uses the capitol “I” with a dash in the middle. He and/ or his father more than likely migrated from Bertie County in about 1754 to Craven County, Vanceboro area, after receiving a 556 acre grant. He or his son purchases 200 acres on Cranes Creek in Cumberland County in 1758. All deeds are signed with a capitol “I” with a dash in the middle. #8 John Anderson of Currituck County, like the Alexander Andersons, was only listed in the 1755 tax records. Currituck County is in extreme NE North Carolina. #10, #12 George and Lewis Anderson are free black families. Their Virginia owner freed them at his death and gave them a large tract of land in Virginia. For unknown reasons they traded that land for land in Granville County, North Carolina. #11 John Anderson was in Thomas Cooper’s household at the time of the 1755 tax collection. Research indicates that Mr. Cooper was probably a father-in-law of John. John moved his family to the upper Cape Fear River about 1763/64. #13 John Anderson of Orange County probably represents one of the first Anderson settlers migrating to the piedmont section of North Carolina. There were large Anderson families in Caswell, Rowan and Lincoln counties the last half of the 1700s. Family profiles: In the Colonial period, families used a “naming pattern” when selecting a name for a child. Commonly it was as follows: 1st son named for paternal grandfather 2nd son named for maternal grandfather 3rd son named for his father 4th son named for father’s eldest brother 5th son named after the next oldest brother, etc. 1st daughter named for maternal grandmother 2nd daughter named for paternal grandmother 3rd daughter named for her mother 4th daughter named for her mother’s eldest sister We will use this “naming pattern” to profile the various Anderson families identified by the tax records above and court, deed, grant and will data found on the Chronology. A space in parentheses in the family profile means that a parent’s given name is not known or that a child should have been born but is probably deceased. Analysis: First Generation (probably born 1660s) The Chronology shows two major related first generation families on the Roanoke River during the early 1700. James Anderson (lines 7,15,19) and Daniel McDaniel, lines 9,10, 23,39). Using the “naming pattern” we find the following: Children of James Children of Daniel & Elizabeth Anderson & Sarah McDaniel ( son ) Daniel ( son ) Archbell James Alexander Carolus James ( son ) ( dau. ) Mary ( dau. ) Ann Elizabeth Sarah James Anderson: James Anderson’s plantation was located on the Occoneechee Neck.(swamp, creek) This is three or four miles East of Halifax, NC on the North side of the Roanoke River. His land description also notes Cypress Swamp which joins the South side of the Occoneechee Neck area. This is where US Hwy 258 crosses the river. The transaction on line 19 of the Chronology indicates that James sold out and retired to Bath from Bertie County. He signs the deed with his mark, a capital “I” with a dash in the middle. James did not leave a will which means his estate was settled by Primogeniture where the eldest son inherits all real and personal property. Hugh B. Johnston, deceased Genealogist of Wilson County, suggests that James Anderson could have died as early as 1723. When James Anderson’s wife, Elizabeth, made her will, November 5, 1732, Probated August Court, 1733 (line 41) she had only basic personal property to bequeath. This indicates again that there was an older son who received James Anderson’s real and personal property. From a copy of the original will from NC Archives we learn that Elizabeth gave son James one shilling, son Carolus a Breeding mare, set of iron wedges and a set of Harrow hoes. She gave to her daughter, Elizabeth Pittman, one pair of small millstones. She gave other animals and personal things to her granddaughters and named one granddaughter as her executor. Looking at the “naming pattern” for this family, it is indicated that we are missing the names of at least two sons and possibly a third and two daughters. On the Chronology we have a John Anderson on lines 26,28, 35,38,39 & 44 and his estate Executors on line 45. I think this John Anderson is the eldest son of James and Elizabeth Anderson and automatically inherited James Anderson’s estate under the Primogeniture provisions of the law. Bertie deed D-206 places John’s plantation on Bridgers Creek right between the old James Anderson and Daniel McDaniel plantations. John probably purchased the 440 acres with the proceeds from James Anderson’s estate. The deed to John for the 440 acres was never registered with the court. However, deed D-206 noted on line 45, states that John received the property from John Blackman who held the original patent. I also believe that this John Anderson and Ann McDaniel, daughter of Daniel McDaniel, were married. Some genealogists believe that when a person, like John Anderson (line 39), is one of the witnesses on Daniel McDaniel’s will, that he is related in some way to that family. John signed the will with a signature indicating he could read and write. Other evidence of this marriage can be found on lines 100 and 52 where Isaac Anderson sells 50 acres that his mother, Ann Anderson, bought from Thompson in 1735. The sequence of events also supports the John and Ann union. John died before June 1734.(line45) Ann remarried George Martin and he died before October 1734.(line 48) Ann and her children needed a place to live so bought the 50 acres from Thompson on 11/21/1735. She had returned to her first married name, Anderson. The 50 acres are located South of the Roanoke River, across the river from James Anderson’s old plantation and across the river and West of John Anderson’s old plantation and South of the Conoconnara Swamp. If this John Anderson is the elder son of James and Elizabeth Anderson and the commonly used “naming pattern” was used, then James Anderson’s father was named John. This may be the John on line 28 of Henrico County, VA. From the Chronology, Robert Anderson seems to have a definite presence in the Anderson family. Looking at the tax list, he could have had at least two sons, a Robert #5 and a John #15. I think he is a younger son of James and Elizabeth, brother of John, because he obtained land by grant, line 24, about the same time that James retires, line 19. He could have been living on the 40 acres left over from what James purchased and what he sold. In 1719, line 11, he is a witness which indicates maturity. In 1721, line 18, he is mentioned in a deed as being a neighbor of a grantee, North side of Roanoke River and Possum Creek. We have been unable to find Possum Creek at this time. On line 33 he receives a large parcel of land through a purchase. We have not located the Chuiatt tuck Branch but think it may relate to the Connehow Creek (now spelled Conoho) which is South and West of the Roanoke River running some what parallel with the river East of Brasswells Crossroad and Hobgood. Some second and third family generations migrated several miles on down the Roanoke River to this area. In 1736, line 55, Robert is located in Tyrrell County. James Anderson moved to Perquimans County about 1703. He purchased 275 acres 3/1702 on the SW side of Perquimans River, Perquimans County deed, A-207. James and wife Debrow(sic) sold the 275 acres on 5/9/1704. On 12/12/1711 they purchased 15 acres at the mouth of Sutton Creek on the SE side of Perquimans River, deed A-321. He made his will on 2/6/1742 and named his sons, James and John. He signed the will with his mark, a capitol “I” with a dash in the middle. Carolus Anderson moved to North Bertie County (later to become Northampton County) about 1726 when he received a Virginia land Patent for 180 acres on the South side of the Meherrin River. Later this location was deemed to be located in North Carolina. Carolus purchased and sold a number of parcels of land in this area before his death. Carolus made his will on 2/10/1752 naming his three daughters. Hugh Johnston’s research indicates that Carolus could not read and write. He signed with an “A” mark. William Anderson also has a presence on the Chronology, line 37 in 1733, line 79 in 1744 and lines 102 - 104 in 1754. We think the 1733 William is the father of the 1744 and 1754 William. We think the younger William was born about 1730. He is well identified in Edgecombe County by receiving a grant of 320 acres in 1779 in Edgecombe County located on the South side of the Swift Creek on Falling Run next to the Philips family. This property is located about two miles NE of Rocky Mount, NC, North of the Tar River. He is also well identified by other deeds and his will dated in 1790. In his will he notes property South of the Tar River on the Tyancokey Swamp which we have no written record of his receiving. The younger William could have inherited this land from his father, probably the older William. There was a grant of 240 acres in Edgecombe County, St Mary’s Parish, on 2/2/1760 to a William Anderson. Connecting these Williams is additionally important because there are several Anderson researchers connecting to the younger William. We believe the William on lines 90 and 91 belongs to Robert. Salmon Creek is in the SE part of Bertie County and flows into Albemarle Sound, very close to old Tyrrell County. On the family profile, James and Elizabeth’s third daughter is named after the mother and is therefore Elizabeth. I have no information on the assumed two missing daughters. Daniel Mack Daniel (McDaniel): Daniel McDaniel’s plantation was located on the Urahow and Bear Swamps, North of the Roanoke River and North of US Hwy 258. This is due East of the old James Anderson plantation and probably Northeast of the John Anderson plantation. Daniel McDaniel made his will April 16, 1733, probated in May Court, 1734 in the new Edgecombe County. From a copy of the original will we found the above family profile. This is the order in which Daniel Mack Daniel listed his children in his will. His wife was listed between Mary and Ann which suggests that most of his children were by a former wife and daughters Anne and Sarah by wife Sarah. In the “naming pattern” either Daniel Mack Daniel’s father was also named Daniel Mack Daniel or his first two sons were deceased at the time of his will. Sarah seemed to be his third daughter and therefore named after his living wife, Sarah. Some times, in memory of the first wife, who possibly died in childbirth, they would name the first female child of the second marriage after the first wife. This could have been the origin of the name Anne. Second Generation:(probably born 1680-90s) We find John, Robert, James, Carolus, William Anderson, Daniel McDaniel #2 and his brothers more than likely representing the second generation in old Chowan County and newer Counties established from Chowan. John Anderson and wife Ann Robert Anderson and wife ( ) James Anderson and wife Deborah Carolus Anderson and wife Mary William Anderson and wife (James) (James) James (James) (James) (Daniel) ( ) ( ) ( ) (George) John Robert John Charles? William ( ? ) John Peter William Isaac ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (Elizabeth) (Elizabeth) Elizabeth (Elizabeth) (Elizabeth) ( ) ( ) Mary Rachael Sarah Daniel McDaniel,#2, wife Sarah Archibald McDaniel and wife Alexander McDaniel and wife James McDaniel and wife Joseph Anderson and wife Ann Daniel (Daniel) (Daniel) (Daniel) DIL Lucy Archibald DIL Agnes David (Archibald) (Alexander) (James) Camel John Ann? Mary ( ) Elizabeth John Anderson: According to the “naming pattern”, John and Ann’s first son would be named after James Anderson and their second son named after Daniel McDaniel. It is indicated that these two sons are deceased. The James on line 31 could have been the first son. The third son would be named John, after the father. We do not know who was John’s oldest brother, therefore the fourth son is not identified. Since Robert, James and Carolus had moved from the Roanoke River area, the remaining younger Andersons on the Chronology are included in the John and Ann Anderson family by default. In Peter’s will, his first son is indicated to be named John, discussed later. Isaac has the identity with Ann through property and his plantation location, discussed later. John, on lines 26, 28, 35, 38, 39 & 44 is well identified. The information on line 45 confirms his death before June 17, 1734. The Chronology also shows the presence of a John Anderson after 1734.(lines 59, 62, 82.) This is probably the third son of John and Ann. I think this is also the John Anderson who migrated to Craven County and received a 556-acre grant North of the Neuse and South of Swift Creek in the Vanceboro area. The John who received the 556 acre grant in Craven County signs deeds with his mark, a capital “I” with a dash in the middle like his grandfather, James. Robert Anderson: According to the “naming pattern” Robert’s first son would be named James. We do not have his wife’s father’s name, therefore cannot identify the name of the second son. The third son would be named after the father, Robert, and we have a record of a Robert Anderson, Jr., #5 on the tax list. The fourth son would be named after Robert’s older brother whom we suggest was John. We believe the William on lines 90 and 91 belongs to Robert. Salmon Creek is in the SE part of Bertie County and flows into Albemarle Sound, very close to the old Tyrrell County line. Hugh B. Johnston indicates in his research that Robert could read and write. Possibly brother John and Robert received some education in Virginia before migrating with James Anderson to North Carolina. James Anderson: According to the “naming pattern”, James and Debough’s first son would be named James. There exist a detail record of this son, James who migrated to Craven County in 1738 and received a 100-acre grant North of the Neuse River. In this case, the third son is named after James Anderson oldest brother because he already had a son named James. This oldest brother was named John. We have deeds and a will identifying this James Anderson family. We also have a court birth record of a daughter being born to James and Debough named Elizabeth, born 10/6/1706. Carolus Anderson: According to the “naming pattern” first son would be named James. His third son was apparently named Charles. It is possible that the given name Carolus should have been Charles. William Anderson : According to the “naming pattern” William’s first son would be named James. We have no projection for the name of his second son. His third son was named William Anderson, Jr., after himself. According to the wills of William, Jr. and George, we know that they were brothers. Daniel McDaniel : Daniel McDaniel, #2, apparently moved South of the Yrahow and Bear Swamps to the NE side of the Cypress Swamp which is mostly on the NE side of the Roanoke River, South of US Hwy 258. Daniel made his will 6/5/1768, probated February Court, 1769. An abstract of the will shows him naming his eldest son, Daniel McDaniel, daughter Ann, sons Archible, Camel and John and daughter Elizabeth in this order as noted on the above profile. This tends to support the possibility that an Ann was Daniel McDaniel, Sr’s. first wife. Archibald : We have no additional information at this time. Alexander : We have no additional information at this time. James : We have no additional information at this time. Joseph Anderson, Esq.: Joseph was a distinguished citizen of Edenton, NC, Chowan County. He served as the Clerk of the Chowan County Court and as the King’s Attorney.(lines 60, 61, 64, 88, 96) Ann Anderson married, 3rd , Joseph Anderson after 1734-1735, lines 48, 50, 52. Ann was named Executrix of the George Martin, Esq., estate in his will dated 10/6/1734. The will was probated before Governor Gabriel Johnston 3/8/1735. Ann and Joseph Anderson become joint Executors of George Martin’s estate some time in 1747 after Martin’s daughter became of age. They settle his estate with John Hall and his wife Ann Martin Hall in 1747. Joseph makes his will 12/24/1750. It was probated 3/22/1751 and Ann is appointed Executrix. On 7/8/1752 Ann and Attorney Thomas Blount settle Joseph’s estate with Joseph Caruthers and wife Mary Anderson Caruthers of Craven County. We insert the Joseph Anderson biographical information to show the potential political influence Ann Anderson might have had in obtaining land grants for her children, grandchildren and her McDaniel brothers. On 10/25/1774, Ann Anderson is one of the signers of the Edenton, NC Tea Party proclamation. On 9/17/1782 Ann makes her will. It is proved by Joseph Blount probated in December Court, 1788. Third Generation: born 1700-1730 James, first son of John. The James on line 31 is the last recording for a James. We feel this is John’s first son because James Anderson, Sr. had retired to Bath several years before 1728. Daniel, second son of John. We have found no Daniel Anderson records in this area and time frame. John, third son of John I do not believe this John Anderson could read or write. The John Anderson witness signatures on Bertie deeds E-179 and E-383, lines 59 & 62, look different which means there were two different scribes transcribing the deeds into the court record. I believe this is the John Anderson who migrated to Craven County about 1754 and received a 556 acre grant. It is interesting to note that in deed E-179 the two other witnesses used the mark, a capital “I” with a dash in the middle. This suggests that a John S. Stine and a Joseph Wall are related in some way to old James Anderson. We do not know the birth order of the below children. Peter, son of John. Peter made his will in Nash County 6/30/1801, probated in the November Court, 1801. Peter’s first listed son was named John after his father and second son named Hardy, presumably named after his wife’s father. The first daughter was named Mary after his wife’s mother and the second daughter named Anney after Peter’s mother. There is no Peter Anderson indicating the third male child died. Other male children were; Henry, William, Nathan, James and Howell. There was possibly a George who died young. Isaac, son of John. It is important for my Anderson line to have a well-identified Isaac because our family tradition notes an Isaac who fought under Washington at Valley Forge. This Isaac has a strong presence in the area as noted on lines 97, 100, 105, 109, 113-115, 119 & 121. It is interesting to note that on line 119, the court bound, Lilli(sic), daughter of Judith Anderson, to John Cooper in 1763. This indicates that Isaac could be deceased and his wife Judith was unable to care for the child. Isaac and Judith’s children and grandchildren would be old enough to be in the Revolution, 1775-1783. Their male children would be a John,( ), Isaac, James, and Daniel. I believe this John and brother Isaac migrated to Cumberland County about 1756. John received a grant of 160 acres, Grant Book 15 page 117. Isaac had Jury and Grand Jury duty between 1758-1762. In 1762, Isaac was appointed Constable between McNeills Creek and Crane Creek, close to John’s 160 acres. John Anderson, Jr., #11 on the tax list, was with his extended family in Granville County and moved his family to the, upper Cape Fear in 1763-64. James, first son of Robert. In the Tyrell County Court Records for 1787, John Anderson is suing the estate of James Anderson for debt. Rachel Anderson, widow of James, is Executrix of James Anderson’s estate. Robert, third son of Robert. It is noted on page 2, #5, that Robert, Jr. lived in Beaufort County. Beaufort County was taken from Bath in 1705. It is on the Eastern side of the colony along with Tyrrell County. John, fourth son of Robert. In 1787, John Anderson is suing the James Anderson estate for a debt owed to John. The court settled the case in favor of John in 1793. John is also #15 on the tax list. James, first son of James. James seems intelligent and educated. On 2/6/1742 his father willed him 5 shillings, “if he ever reappear.” He did reappear 3/8/1746 after his brother’s death. He correctly settled brother John’s estate and we think he probably became guardian for John’s minor children. John, fourth son of James. John died shortly after his father, James. He made his will 2/27/1745 and willed most of his real and personal property to Christopher Sutton in a way that leads us to think the property was left in trust for minor children until brother James reappeared. Charles, third son of Carolus. We do not have a clear picture of Charles. He did not survive his father. James, first son of William, Sr.. James would have been the name of the first son. We have no information on James at this time. George, second son of William, Sr.. George could have been named after his mother’s father. This is the first use of that given name. On 7/6/1757, George made his will. He had wife Mary and daughters Eave and Elizabeth. There were apparently no sons. He makes a special bequeath to George Anderson, son of his brother William. I have seen several situations where younger brothers do a lot of parenting for themselves. This may be one of those situations. If William and George were born around 1730, they would not have known their father too well because he probably died about 1734. William, third son of William, Sr.. On 11/29/1789 William, Jr. makes his will. William, Jr. names his first male child George. This break in tradition may suggest that the above brother George was more of a father to William, Jr. than William, Sr. was. His next two sons were James and William. The first two females listed in his will were Absala and Martha. Martha was the name of his first wife which means one daughter possibly died. With his second wife, Morning, he named a second William, then Carlos, Henry, Rachel, Morning, Penelope and Mary. A hand writing expert has suggested that on the original will, the “o” in Carlos was a “u” and written over to form the “o”. Conclusions: By using the “naming pattern” system we are able to develop more realistic family profiles. For example, in the past, too much research has been completed on Elizabeth and her will.(line 41) We do not feel that her will alone can be used in describing her family. When you look at the James and Elizabeth Anderson family profile previously presented by several researchers, father and/or mother and three children, it is not realistic. A larger number of people would be necessary to work the 640 acres that James purchased. I think we have realistically identified the son John and Ann McDaniel Anderson family. It is reasonable to assume that Robert was a part of this family early on. William was a real person at the right place at the right time. Hugh B. Johnston was the only researcher, I have found, who had documented the marriage of James and Elizabeth. We feel the above profiles of the first and second Anderson family generations are in support of the third generation profiles. We have wondered where these will-identified third generation families came from and how they interact. The information on lines 28 and 45 gives us a possible tie to our Virginia Connection. We think that the North Carolina family, James or John, was in debt to the Virginia family. Line 28 would be establishing a collection process while John was alive. Line 45 could show the Virginia family involved in John’s estate settlement protecting that debt liability. We will obtain court records for these transactions. Researcher, Charles Wittichen “Brother” Anderson, found a Henry Anderson family of Henrico County, VA with sons John, Edward and Henry, Jr.. The Chronology data lists real Andersons in real time and real events. We have attempted to put the data together in a reasonably acceptable profile of that Anderson family. We plan to revisit these events for more detail information that may further support and clarify what we have presented here. END