Charles Smallwood's Diary Southern Historical Collection 1843-65 2 vols Vol I 1843-July 1861 Covered in first 17 pages of the MS volume by sketches and incidents and a record of events during the years mainly of a personal nature, as marriages, accidents, illnesses, courtships and young peoples affairs, trips to Philadelphia by Clark & Smallwood, political candidates and comments, marriage of C Smallwood and Miss Harriet I. Clark on March 20, 1850. He author apparently made his entries only once or perhaps two or three times a year. 1854. For this year there is a detailed diary of Charles Smallwood's life in Woodville. In addition to the type of material mentioned above, there is a record of weather, crops, preaching and comments on church matters., politics , neighborhood gossip. Most of the entries for the year concern friends, relatives, self, and social life. 1855-1856-1857 Several pages noting marriages, deaths, etc. in Woodpile. (No record for 1858-60) 1861-Jan-July A diary of family and plantation affairs in some detail. Smallwood had sold his house in Woodville and was concentrating on the plantation nearby. He hired Negroes by the year. The entries are about progress of farm work, weather and crops, hunting, war news, church attendance, but still chiefly about friends and relatives in Woodville, Windsor, etc and visitors social life of Bertie County VOL II 1861-1865 July 28, 1861-Au 1863 Plantation and personal diary continued, becoming less personal and more about planting as time goes on. Record of work with cotton and corn crops and also peas, hogs, potatoes, etc. Also, war news, illnesses, visits into Woodville. April 1863, Smallwood looking for a substitute. April 12, 1863, notes his 35th birthday and death of little Mattie. Irregular entries in Oct and Nov 1863, and Mar, May, June, Oct 1864 about sickness, weather, planting, war and taxes. 1864-1865 Several pages of physician's accounts Added 1875-1894 in the back of vol 1. Comments by Smallwood on deaths since the diary was written, events and deaths in his own family and general comments on his life and the times. Charcoal sketches and incidents, accidents, occasional occurrences before 1843. 1843 Married 21 Sept Dr. George Cobb of Martin and Miss Julia Watson, daughter of R[obert]. C[ollins] and Mrs. Watson [Winifred Hill Pugh] of Woodville. Died Mrs. Martha Clark, wife of John M. Clark Deceased June 16th Also Jno S. Smallwood, Monday, 21 June aged 51 years. [John Smaw Smallwood (Dec 16, 1791 -June 26, 1843. Buried in Smallwood Cemetery at Quiroque - Indian Woods] Mrs. Emily Walton and Jno Jolliff were married in Feb of this year. [John was the Hotel Keeper. After his death [Jan 1847], Emily married John W. Jenkins Jan 30, 1852.] Miss F[rances Helen Slade] Pugh and Stephen [Andrews] Norfleet were married in July 1844 . [He may be in error. Date recorded as June 13, 1847] Thos Walton and S.A. Tyler were married in Feb Mrs. W. Watson had the misfortune to have her dwelling house burned, but saved nearly all her furniture. Dr. H.F. Williams [Henry Fletcher Williams] graduated in Apr. Returned home and commenced practicing medicine with Dr. T.J.P. Smallwood [Dr. Henry Fletcher Williams - Dr. TJP Smallwood was Charles Smallwood (the diarist) older brother] Oct 7, 1844 Dr. TJP Smallwood and Miss S[ally].A[nn]. Ruffin married tonight by Rev. A.M. Craig [Sally was the daughter of Rachel and John Ruffin] 10th R.C. Nixon and Miss Mary Robbins married by same. Jno Ruffin Sr. died in Dec. [1844] Mrs. Frances Pugh, relict of Wm Pugh died in Dec also. She left funds to build a Methodist Church and parsonage. [1844] 1845 Jacob Parker and Saylor of Murfreesboro commenced merchandising in Woodville at the place formerly owned by Mr. L. Smallwood. The house occupied by Thos Walton. Wm M.[Mckenzie] Clark and Miss Pettway [Martha Howell] married in Jan. W.A. Pugh and Miss Harriet [Temperance] Cotton married on 18th June. Mrs. Biggs wife of K. Biggs died 17th. Jon H. Grimes The Great --- left Woodville about this time sold out to Hardy & Lee. Thos Bragg Sr building a dwelling for Mrs. Watson [I] commenced study Medicine (C.S.) in Nov 1845 Lewis Cotton and Miss Powelle Married 17th Dec. Jno L. Tyler clerk from Lee & Hardy quite sick with pneumonia 1844 Jno L. Tyler died the 5th Jan at the Woodville Hotel kept by Jno Jolliff and was buried at his mothers. Dr. H.F. Williams and Miss Laura Slade Pugh married 12 June 1846 By Rev. Jos B. Cheshire of Tarboro . Miss Mary Janet Clark of Bertie and Charles Alston married in Oct. [Oct 27,1846] Mary Bond Thompson daughter of Lewis Thompson born 13th Oct. A dog killing occurred about this time which was the cause of some disturbances between some people K. M. Clark [Kenneth McKenzie Clark] commenced the study of medicine this year. Mrs. Lee wife of J.B Lee died during the year. Jos J. Pugh and Miss Charitie Williams were married Nov 23 by Rev. J.B. Cheshire. [Pugh's Chapel] 1847 Jno M. Jolliff of the Woodville Hotel died in Jan Mr. Bragg building the Methodist Church. Mr. L. Thompson had the misfortune to have one of his best negroes badly injured by having his hand caught in the gin. Thos Bond son of Baliss Bond and Miss Irma Jenkins married in Jan. Jno Ruffin, W.A. Hardy, C.S. Smallwood went down to ____ ___ with some of the young ladies of the upper country. Next night Dr. K.M. Clark and C. Smallwood Sept 9th left to attend musical lecture at University ____ Jos B. Lee and Miss Delissa Wood were married 18th Oct Jos Hardy and Miss Miles of Gaston married about this same time. Mr. L. Thompson and lady and Miss H.[elen] Clark left for Philadelphia, the last of the month ___ report having seen Clark & Smallwood and that they in a very bad account of the Philadel boarding house. They dine on fritters for breakfast, rabbit and liver for dinner with a spoilt duck occasionally profusely peppered with flies, bad diet certainly, both looking thin of course. 1848 Clark and Smallwood returned from Philadelphia the 12th of March. Jno R. Smallwood son of TJP and S[arah]A[nn] Smallwood born 11th Willie Smith died the `7th Apr Lewis Cotton, wife died in Feb or march. H.B. Hardy and Miss Josephine Watson? Were married the 2nd May near Wilmington NC K. Biggs, Henry Gilliam, Jos Hardy, HH Hardy & C. Smallwood ______??marked on microfilm crease Had lots of fun. Miss H. J. [Harriet] Clark and Miss Willie Ruffin returned from school in Apr it being then vacation. Miss Speller is now on a visit to Miss Ruffin and reports speak of T. Speller and K. M. Clark as being very attentive to Miss R[probably Willie Julia Ruffin- the writer used just the initial] Miss Mary E.[Elizabeth] Pugh is now a resident of Woodville, her mother's house having unfortunately burned down. They now occupy the house of Col Averritt who with his family have removed to Florida. Wm W. [Whitmel] Pugh with his two oldest daughters, Mary and Maria are on a visit to Dr. and Mrs. Williams. There was a party given the 9th June At the Academy and of course fully attended by the lorry of music and dancing. [The William Whitmell Pugh family had moved to Louisiana in 1819. Their visits home are mentioned on several occasions. Around 1860 the family returned to Woodville] 10th W. Storm party at Dr. William's fully attended H. Gilliam and Miss West of Windsor soon to be inspired with the budding passion. K.M. Clark & Speller as thick as bees around Miss R[Willie Julia Ruffin]. Party kept up with a late hour. The Misses Norfleet were present. Tis sometimes thought best to give a slight description of the ladies but one or two will suffice. Miss Bettie Pugh was a splendid figure, light hair, beautiful complexion and considered lovely and is an excellent dancer; and dancing like a top is about 17. Sweet sixteen ah (Line cut off in microfilm} time. Miss H.J. Clark, Miss Willie Ruffin returned from school it being vacation. Repeats some of the above, but is some different and handwriting is better. Mr. Wm W. Pugh of La with two of his daughters, Miss Mary Eliza and Miss Maria are on a visit to Dr. & Mrs. Williams. There was a party given this evening 9th June at the academy and of course all the covin of music and the dance attended. Dr. K. Clarke and Mr. T. Speller both being desperately in love with Miss Ruffin are trying to outdo each other in attention to her. 10th a storming party at Dr. Williams, fully attended . H. Gilliam and Miss West are also on the courting list, the party was kept up until late at night. Everyone enjoyed themselves. The Miss Norfleet also were present. Clark danced out the best pair of books. Smallwood had at the ??batter did not dance. He only set around and now and then edged in a word or two, thus reported and then might have been some truth in it that Smallwood was smitten with Miss Mary Elizabeth Pugh's cousin Bettie, as he called her. But his he denied as she is his cousin. It is but the duty of the chronicler to give a description of the ladies present. Miss Bettie Pugh's about 127, light hair, splendid figure, beautiful complexion and considered lovely and is an excellent dancer. Miss H. J. Clark is a very fine looking lady a tall and majestic as is Miss Ruffin, Miss Speller and Misses Pugh and Norfleet are very fine ___ ladies and are calculated to make some poor fellow break his neck yet. After the party the stormers left for home and Woodville was itself again. The Misses Pugh remained some 10-12 days and then left for school . Miss Mary E is a lovely girl. Miss Clark, Miss Ruffin and Miss Speller left the 1th for St. Mary's School, Raleigh. Dr. Clark & T. Speller going with them. Then reported that Dr. C. and Mr. Speller on their way paid attention to Miss R. alone and neglected the others. I doubt it. Woodville is dull. Very dull. C.S. visits Miss. B. Pugh party is made up to the Camp Meeting in Northampton in Aug. K.M. and SJ Clark, C.S. went up. They report than went they got there they were almost entire strangers and were doubtful of getting lodging, but they made Lewis Cotton spokesman, and he introduced himself to nearly every man he saw and at last succeeded in getting a place for them. When he boy came to get their baggage, Lewis hollered out, “Show your baggages boys; show your baggages”. Mr. Horton is paying his distresses to Miss Bettie Pugh. This is thought that he can’t quite succeed. Miss Pugh and Miss Pricilla Smith made a profession of religion at this meeting. Sam Clark and C. Smallwood paid their horses account but one or both must have been tight, for whiskey was dirt cheap, so Sam said. W.A. Hardy is at Norfolk studying medicine. K.M. Clark and C. Smallwood left for Phil the second time Oct 1st. Smallwood was taken sick soon after leaving and concluded that his hand of death was near, but happily he did not die. The remainder of this year went must be obtained from the printer but the trip of C. and Smallwood will be given. They arrived in Phil returned to their old boarding house and settled themselves to hard study. W.A. Hardy went with this in his first session. There were lots of young ladies at this boarding house. They remained through the graduation in April and returned home the 19th of April. 1849. They suffered greatly from the want of money and if cursing could have done any good they would have been rich for Clark did a little. Miss H. Clarke quit school in Nov 1848. Mrs. Lee, wife of J.B. Lee died. 1849 Smallwood on his return home went to Raleigh for the purpose of bringing Miss Maria Pugh to Dr. Williams to spend the vacation. Clark stopped at his brother’s until the return of the young ladies from school. Miss Ruffin, Miss Speller, and Miss Pugh. J. Ruffin, T. Speller, Clark and Smallwood were along and perhaps they saw a little fun. Clark had the inn on Speller who looked quite badly indeed he was not in good order with Ruffin as he wished they arrived in Woodville April 19th The gentleman drank whiskey and lost Miss Bishop’s trunk who was along in charge of J. Ruffin. April 20, 1849 Woodville is turned upside down this morning on account of the arrival of the young ladies yesterday. Woodville can boast of the prettiest young ladies in North Carolina. Mrs. Williams gave a party in June to the young ladies. I have no doubt the ladies and gentlemen enjoyed themselves vastly. The ladies and gentleman of Woodville must be very fond of riding for they are to be seen nearly every evening. The Tuscarora Spring is visited very often. [See sketch of Tuscarora Spring: http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncbertie/tuscbridge.htm] Clark is particular in his attention to Miss Ruffin. Speller has hacked C. Smallwood in It is thought is desperately smitten with Miss Clark They ride out occasionally and the Dr. looks quite moonstruck poor fellow I pity him. Miss Ruffin – Dr. Wm and lady Dr. S and lady, J.Ruffin and J. Delk leave for Shocco Springs in July. [Note:Shocco Springs was in Warren County. It was a favorite summer place which was much cooler than Bertie County. Also a favorite place for "meeting" other young people who came there from other parts of North Carolina] Miss M.E. Outlaw left for the same place. Miss H. J. Clark left the 3rd Aug. Dr. Clark and Sam left about this time. A daughter was born to Mr and Mrs. Lewis Thompson in March. 1st Oct the crowd returned from the springs. Dr.Clark has not successful in persuading Miss Ruffin to change her name. Miss Outlaw is reported to be engaged to Mr. Hill of Wilmington. Miss M.E. Speller was married in Dec to Hurn {H.B.}Ridley of Georgia, her first cousin much against her parents wishes. It was a matter of great surprise that one who appeared so gentle, so easily governed should show such a spirit as she married him with the curse of her father upon her for so doing. Her husband should ever treat her as an angel. May he do it. December. A son was born to Dr. T.J.P. Smallwood and wife. The hopeful youth was named George Lockart. Dr. S and family moved to his farm in the Indian Woods the 11th Oct. C. Smallwood has purchased shop and lot in Woodville and hung out his shingle with good prospects of starving About the 1st of Oct some excitement prevailed in Woodville about the order of the Sons of Temperance a speech was made by the Rev Mr. Hamilton in the Methodist Church on the subject and after the speech, the pledge was produced and the people requested to sign it. Several did so, some were notorious drunkards and it is hoped that it may be the cause of saving them from the ignominy of a drunkards grave. Of these who signed the pledge eight petitioned to the G. Div. Of North Carolina and obtained a charter for a subordinate Div to located in Woodvillle and called Hamilton Div. #84. These eight were: S.D. Brown, T.E. Hardy JA. Andrews, R.C. Nixon, T.H. Blackstone, P.D. Paschal. C. Smallwood and Warren, the lost Warren would not join and J.B. Lee was substituted. The Div was opened the night of the 24th Nov in the shop of C. Smallwood by T.J. Jarrat by and Mr. Powell The others who signed the pledge would not join. We hope they may succeed. K.M. Clark, Jno T. Ruffin and George Gray left in Dec the two first for La and the last for Florida. Miss M. Carroll (?Connall) of La arrived at Mr. Thompson about this time. Mr. Kader Biggs of Windsor and Miss Lucy Myrick of Murfreesboro were married in Nov . A party was given by Mrs. Cotton and our reporter who was present gives the following account of the festivities having arrived rather early I had a good opportunity of seeing the ladies and gent as they drove up. First came the crowd from Brittons Cross roads, among them Miss Norfleet, the Misses Bishops attended by Mr. Watson. Next the Woodville ladies and gent. Miss Ruffin attended by Mr. Speller. Miss Clarke Mrs Wm and Miss Bettie Pugh. Drs. Clark and Smallwood, Dr. Williams, W.B. Smith and Mary Moore by this time the house was well crowded for the most of the Windsor gent came with Mr. Biggs and ladies innumerable came with the bride after the crowd (for it was one) had collected the Bride introduced and conversation kept up about an hour, supper was announced and havoc was made among the chicken, turkeys and C and wedding fixings…as I was squeezing along to get a view of the assembly I heard a lovely smile at my elbow, turning around I was almost scared out of my wits for there was a most awful looking moth I ever saw right at me. I made of as soon as possible and after getting out of harms way turned to see what such a moth was based upon and to my surprise it was the olated organ of one of the F.F. [first families ] of Va. Fashion and follery reigned supreme with the ladies and liquor with the gent. After the ladies and Gent had honored them all in the dance, they returned home to rise in the morning with headache and c_____. Anno Domini 1850 Chas Manley Gov No Car Z. Taylor Pres U States Jan 9th. Mr. Hill of Wilmington and Miss [Mary E.] Outlaw of Windsor were married this evening by the Rev. Jos B. Cheshire at the residence of Lewis Bond, esq. The invitations to this wedding were general and from this place and Miss Williams, Miss H.J. Clark, Miss Ruffin, Miss Watson and C. Smallwood attended. Our reporter states that the house was crowded too much for comfort. The Bride was dressed very neatly and the groom also. There was an abundance of all the good things of this life. There was no dancing though music was not forbidden. The crowd parted on a late hour to meet again tomorrow night at a party to be given by the Hon Mrs. David Outlaw. 10:15pm At 7 ½ o’clock pm the ladies and gent assembled at Mrs. Outlaw’s the doings at this party need an abler pen than mine to depict them. Fashion ? was in the ascendant and it was a matter of remark how far respectable and intelligent ladies would go for the sake of being thought in fashion. There were some handsome ladies present. The ? Miss Plummer, the intelligent Miss Urquhart of VA, the beautiful ladies of Woodville and C. The groom is a good looking, easy. Miss Nancy sort of a fellow and looks like he has more pride than brains. The supper given by Mrs. O. was said to have been the finest ever seen in Windsor. 11th. There was a party given in the Hotel in Windsor this evening. Our reporter was not present but heard it was note as being attended by ladies to whom liquor and vulgarity was not disagreeable. Feb. [1850] Mr. W.B. Smith closed his store, had an auction and sold all or nearly all of his goods. Perry C. Tyler Junr died in Halifax of pneumonia. C. Smallwood and Miss Harriet J. Clark were married in Pugh’s Chapel March 20th by the Rev J.B. Cheshire at 12 n. The weather was a cold as fury this day. Dr. T.J.P. Smallwood gave a party to the bride and groom on the 21st at Stanley Field which was fully attended and rest up for three days. The good things of this life were abundant and all enjoyed themselves. Miss Ruffin, the Misses Norfleet, Misses Bishop, Miss Hill of Halifax, Miss Pugh, Miss Watson, and many more were present and contributed by their conversation, dancing and charm to the scene. The newly married couple attended church in Windsor on Sunday, the 23rd and returned to Woodville on the 24th and took lodgings with T.J. Pugh and lady. Reuben Carnall (Connall)of La arrived at Mrs. Thompson about the 15th March. Cullen Shoulars and Miss Julie Sykes [March 13 1850 in Northampton Co.] were married this month.[Cullen was born in Northampton. He Moved to Marshal Co Ky and he changed the spelling of his name to Sholars]. Several other attended from this place. T.E. Hardy, T.B. Hardy, Ed Watson and C. Smallwood, and W. B. Smith. The night was as dark as Erastus with rain. The party was kept all night. The time was spent in truly Piney woods style and the party will long be remembered. Sic transit gloria April. Miss Ruffin, the Miss Norfleet, Miss Hill and Mr. R. Carnell and Whit Hill left for Virginia to attend the parties given Miss Urquhart and Miss Hill They remained nearly two weeks, enjoying the pleasures of this life and returned home quite worn out. Jno. T. Ruffin returned from La while this party came about. Mr. Brown and Miss E. Harrell were married in April. Miss Pricilla Smith [daughter of Abram Smith] and W.R. Savage were married during the month of May. No fuss made, but just a marriage. [Lived near Roxobel and later moved to Mississippi] Dr. Clark returned from La 1st June. The young ladies and gents left Woodville about the middle June to attend a picnic in Halifax. The report fine times. Plenty of fun and frolic. Lewis Cotton and McLeane attended. J.T. Ruffin Miss Ruffin Miss Hill the Misses Norfleet. Dr. Clark and some ladies and gents from Scotland Neck departed for Old Point about the 1st July. General Z. Taylor president U.S. died 9th July disease Cholera Morbus July 12th The Whig candidates L. Bond Sr. Senator, Jos Cherry and P.H. Winston, commons and the Whig and Democratic candidates for the Sheriff office, spoke today at Turner’s Cross Road. The Democratic candidate for the Senate did not appear. Thos Speller Senr thos is would not have proved of much benefit for him if he had. There is no opposition in the commons. At this meeting the death of Gen Taylor was made known to the people. A man by the name of Wm Burdin got up and claimed his death as the direct interposition of the Almighty in favor of the Democratic party. Chas Money is the Wig and David S. Reid is the Democratic candidate for Gov. 13th Sunday. R. Carnall and S.J. Clark left Woodville for Old Point 4:15 Saturday Political meeting at Snake Bite Most of the candidates present. The party from Old Point returned about this time. Thursday 1st August. Election . The Whig candidates are ahead at this precinct 23rd Returns from the County show that all the Whigs are elected. Freeman the Sheriff for many years is at last beaten by R. Tylr Whig. Returns from the state show that Reid is elected bya large majority so much for politics. Col Averitt and family left 1st Aug or Va. L. Thompson and family for Jones Springs. J. T. and Miss W.J. Ruffin left 7th for the same place. 21th ___ freshet in Roanoke, the crops will in the -grounds -- almost a failure. Storm with rain Saturday night the 24th. 27th will commence the journal regularly from this time. There is nothing of importantance to notice today. A son was born to J. Pugh Tuesday 20th of this month. Dull as fury at this time. Little or no sickness. Hard times for the Doctors of whom there are enough in this small city o kill and cure all who may require their aid. I k___. I purps and I sweats and I repeats, they dies. I lets .. Through the negligence of the journalists the events of this month have not been regularly kept, in fact Woodville has been extremely dull. Those who went to the springs returned the 24th 25th. Nothing else this month. 1851 Dr. Jno Hill of Wilmington and Miss W.J. Ruffin were married in Pugh's Chapel by the Rev. J.B. Chesire in Oct. [22nd] Jno T. Ruffin died in Dec of consumption age about 22 yrs. Went up the county this year on a visit in Agu. Lost some practice by it perhaps. Hard that a man can't go with his wife. Mrs. Smallwood, Robt C. Watson and W.G. Pugh left the 15th Sept for Kentucky and the former to go to Drennon? and the later to Shelbyville to school. [brothers of Charles Smallwood] Lewis Bond and Miss Carter were married in Nov. J.J. Pugh and wife, Mrs Williams , the Misses Cotton and C. Smallwood and wife went from this place. Quite a pleasant time H.E. Vick taken with typhoid fever which last till April from Nov 1852 Thos Walton sold his house and lot in Woodville to C. Smallwood given possession the 15 Oct he left Woodville and went down to his farm was taken sick Flu middle of Nov and died the 31st Dec 9 oclock pm C. Smallwood has sent Mr. Taylor the Admin for the medical bill and hope he will get it. Of course JJ Pugh is preparing to build a fine house in Woodville. Mary L. Smallwood, daughter of C & H Smallwood born the 24th June [1851]. P.F. White, the Temperance Section Lecturer in this place, also L.M. Hewlett the Temperance reform has done great good to some in this place others not, so much people lov and will drink whiskey. Dr. K. M. Clark and Miss M.T. Carroll was married in Oct in LA. Dr. George Cobb and family leave for LA first of Dec. C. Williams and Robt Garrett went with them first to Texas . The latter to Miss. Begin here 1853 Mrs. Walton and family removed the first of the year near Roxobel. P.D. Paschal carpenter was killed at Dr. Hill's plantation by being thrown from his buggy. He was engaged in building a house for Dr. Hill. He had also engaged to build J.J. Pugh's house but was killed as above stated. his loss was very greatly felt. Mr. Pugh has engaged Mr. Saunders of Tarboro to build his house and he commenced immediately. The young people have fitted up the Tuscarora Spring and dancing parties are very thick this summer. Some courting done by the young folks. Watson and Pugh return from U Va where they have been since last fall. The former reading medicine. The later Law. W.P.Smallwood returned from Drennon after an absence of nearly two years and the whole set of young chaps are doing nothing much except visiting the ladies. Lewis Cotton and Miss Sessoms were married in Oct quite a party given about the last of Dec. A party of ladies and gentlemen left Woodville for Wilmington. The Misses Cotton, Mrs. Cotton Jr and D.C. Clark William Walton were of the pary. They spent quite an agreeable time I suppose and returned through the Indian Woods and attended a party at Mr. W.A. Pugh's part came home next day through the rain and hail. Jos Pugh and family now occupy Mrs. Walton's house until there is finished. 1853 A Christmas frolic of course as usual has led to the following sketch "Tis night" (as the poet says) on Christmas Eve within that our sketch commence, a few Choice spirits full of fun and frolic determine to have a row of some kind with murderous though intent they assemble and in silence mature their plans and as the last light in the village dies out they issue upon their errand of destruction. Hail Horrors awake old pomposity-- Thy mighty king of Bertie for thy subjects have rebelled and are scattering destruction, fence rails and turnips in every direction. The old gentleman is fast asleep and hears not the summons. Before proceeding with our narrative we will enter his dormitory and find him as he lies with closed eyes expanded mouth he sends forth from his royal throat young thunder hark he mutters in his sleep. He dreams listen ""2 1/2 cents per lb""is all I can give, no more and turning restlessly on his bed, he giving us another specimen of quiet slumber. We leave the old gentleman to his dreams and his snoring and what is this that meets our view...a mighty fence impedes our progress with difficult & not a few bruises we scale it and alas another obstruction is before us. It is a hog pen capable of holding the man himself, a little farther on and torn down, fences exposed, his nips and all great and inconceivable mischief done to the awful amount of perhaps hundres of cents confounds up the work of this midnight plotters what awful startling punishment do they not deserve and when his Majesty views the destruction we tremble for them, can as prepare that he will punish this unheard of atrocity. This relict of barbarous assuredly not to go unpunished. Time alone can tell. We bring out sketch to a conclusion promising our readers the particulars when the old gentlemen learns the might damage. The rebellion of his subjects has created, til then we crave their indulgence. 1854 Jan 2 Cold and wet this month. Farmers find no time to prepare for spring Jos B Lee and Miss Mary Taylor were married the 24th (The Squire's third wife) he gave a party at his hotel the next evening. Miss F. Norfleet and W. Urquhart were married in Feb. We forgot to mention that Dr. Williams had the Misfortune while going Norfolk to have his foot crushed at the cars so badly injured his leg had to be cut off. Thos Williams and Miss Mollie Williams were married in Feb. Edward Watson has purchased Dr. William's share of the store in Woodville and is now doing business. March Superior Court the young chaps who entered King Leary territory did such awful damage were indicted. We are sorry for them and think it quite a shame, think our reporter will have to write another charcoal sketch if he does will print it for our reading. The Merchants left about this time for the North. Mrs. Lou had a crowd of yon ladies with him. Young King Leary comes down --- in great wrath because his father's subjects chose to think for themselves in matters that concerned them hope it was be any offence to the old chap if it is he can use the instrument and they avoid being offensive himself. (Sketch a few pages hence shows turnip patch. A slight sketch of the fild of operatons on Christmas Eve with the obstructions, the pen that was to hold Mr. Hary turni patch. Sunday March 2 staid at home all day clear and cold quite windy preaching at Sandy Run by Mr. Craig. Some of the young people went up and say that all except one are sympathizing with the young fellows who are indicted for the Christmas Eve frolic. Mond March 27 I is reported that the Grand Jury found true bills against the boys for their rebellious conduct on Christmas Eve. There is great indignation against the author of the presentment and the friends of the parties engaged sympathetic very deeply with them and it is hoped sincerely that as the general opinion seems to be it was done through malice (i.e. the presenter) he will be swiftly handled by his counsel it is a shame and the speech that causes the indictment should be deplored by all peaceful disposed persons. No harm done or intended and the disposition some people have to rule others in this place is getting very generally seen. The fable of food to ox will apply very well to some we know of. Tues 28th. Our village was enlivened today by parties coming to the Bridal party given by Mr. JWB Griffin to Thos Williams and lady. Our reporter ho wa present gives the following version of the events that occurred. On arrival at about 8 1/2 o'clock and found the company nearly all assembled a few moments after we arrived a dance was called for and Mrs. L.S. Williams took the piano and Dr. TJP Smallwood the violin and soon had a nice a set of young ladies tripping on the light fantastic as could be found in the old North State. Miss Cotton (3) and their sister Mrs W.A. Pugh, Miss Cotton, Miss Norfleet Urquhart, R.Watson, Chrithlow, S. Brown Smallwood. Miss Batter? of Martin Miss Arrington of Nash were present. After dancing until 10 o'clock supper was announced and truly it was a pretty table. Everything desired was in profusion. And dancing continued after supper . The ladies left about 3 o'clock. A.M. well pleased, everything passed off finely. Some of the young gentlemean and old thought a good way to keep the spirits up was by pouring the Spirits down. Mrs. Walton, Watson, Drs. Hardy and Hale Anthony, B.A. Williams, Dr. Harm Williams, B. Hardy and C. contributed to keep up the dance to the small hours of the morning. The man that ought to use a late Mackinaw patented was present and displayed to what extent the human stomach could be distended without burstig. Reading of this generation will know to what I allude but as after this generation perhaps generatons will not. Though his name will last until many of us have past. Some courting done of course as is usual at most parties and one match has brought nearly to a focus tonight which we be clinced one long by the ___ of matrimony stricken . I reckon so ends the reporters version, who is & will respose. Wednesday 29th. March 1854 Very cold and wind last night in fact it has been quite cold for a week past. I fear all the fruit is killed. Quite a hard freeze Saturady night. Some farmers continued planting corn last Thurs most too cold. More pleasant today. Saw a young gentleman today quite ____ loaded his pistol to shoot somebody but hardly think there is any danger of his doing so. The young man has Mr. Wm Walton who concerns himself to Lady informs by a lie told his Lady as to what said lie was said exponent doth not say. The most of the wedding party remained at Mrs. Griffins today Cooling off perhaps who knows. Have heard but little of the wrathful gentleman who defied the county to get the Post Office from being presence he has withdrawn into his shell We think Woodville is coming to a bad pass when the people can not think for themselves. The inhabitants of Woodville at this date are: Jos J. Pugh, wife and three children J.B. Lee, wife and three children Dr. H.F. Williams, wife and 1 child. Lewis Thompson, wife and four children. TJ Pugh, wife and son W.G. Pugh C. Smallwood , Wife and one child H. J Cox clerk for Lee and Watson ______ Vick Miss ? Winton living with J. B.Lee Miss Sallie Church with L. Thompson Wm Walton [Turnip Patch sketch] March 1854 How many will be live 20 years from today? [He then went through and marked with an "x" those dead 1860 and again "X" dead January 1893. I'm not sure I can clearly tell the difference} Began today a very poor sketch of one of our friends. Must beg the indulgence of our friends for our first attempt and promis them when we get the hang of it to do better. We had thought of giving a short history of the individuals. We think of importance enough to give them likeness in our diary but friendship forbids. As ? important at up until 2 o'clock this morning we deem it proper to dismiss him from his labor tonight this close the 29th March 1854 3rd The weather has moderated some and a slight rain commenced about 10 o'clock which still continues. The Bridal party returned home this morning well pleased I think with their trip. Traded horses this morning with S.A. Thompson. Have not been up to the store since yesterday morning do not know any of news going on but as it is a rainy day suppose that several loafers will congregate. Much edification no doubt might gained by attending the assembly. 31st Been busy all day saw a curiosity. Today in the shape of a child at about three years old and dipping snuff like fun. April 1st roused this morning early but did not happen to be an April fool's it was the 1st April. Mrs. Thompson, Miss Smallwood went up to Roxabel this morning trading. Mrs. Cox is the only merchant that has new goods so soon near here. JB Lee and lady returned this morning from their trip North. Saw the squire, he looked better than usual. Mr. Griffin's family wih Miss Crichlow went over to Martin this morning. Miss P. Watson and Miss F. Smallwood are now staying wih Mrs. Smallwood. Raining this evening. Many farmers planting corn, Took a trip through the piney woods. This morning came up with two old soakers, Allen Buler and Shade Harrell who report it as quite healty in the counry course whiskey. Though they say that the Woodville people keep black water dry and they have to go to Windsor after it. Mrs. Laura Williams, Mrs. Stephen Norfleet have taken a trip to the Sound. 2nd Sunday. Mr. Trymiun preached this evening at St. Frances to the negros. Quite cool. Saw a comet tonight. 3rd Understand that the gentleman who defied the County to turn him out of the P.O. has been turnsed out without any difficlty, uppose his self esteem received a small shock so we will have the P.O. in Woodville again. R.C. Watson is expected home tomorrow having graduated at the U of Penn. One more Dr. T. Smith commenced planting corn today hope he will make a good crop. Apr 3rd 1854 4th Quite cold this morning heavy frost but warmer during the day. Mr. Thompson commenced planting corn yesterday. Mr. Hardy's (part of) goods arrived today. Dull times no sickness. Paid T.J. Pugh $237 5 Went out to the Piney woods this evening horse broke loose and put me to a great deal of troule did not get home until 3 o'clock this morning had to walk to Jason Early's house hitch up and borrow his plow horse to ride home. Sulkey in the Piney Woods yet. I was pleased to get a letter from H.B. Hardy today stating that he & minister had a compromised the suit between Smallwood and Tyler for medical attention to Thos Walton. Quite warm today. Commenced planting corn, old Cary made a finish of the doing, which has been on hand nearly a year. 7. Officials document No. 5 today confirming TJ Pugh as P M and removing the present incumbent F.E. Hardy, so he will have the mail in Woodville once more. Wonder how the gentleman feels he defied any man on the county ever to turn him out and so it is done in a wink without any trouble.l Men must not be too confident. Quite warm Saturday 8. Finished planting the house lot corn today. Sons of T[emperance]. met this evening did not adjourn until late. Quite warm tonight, Rev. Ward preaching tomorrow at St. Frances. some dispute about the contract for delivering the mail. We have not got it down yet but it will have it soon I hope. And keep it when we get it hosting now in Woodville and the excitement about the indictment is somewhat cooling 9th Sunday Preaching this morning at St. Frances by Mr. Ward, Mr. Grant also present and preached. I believe in the afternoon. Rain this evening, quite a few showers. Pylandy Smallwood dined with us…just from Washington. Jos J. Pugh and S.A. Norfleet left from Martin County this evening. 10 – cloudy this morning quite dull in Woodville 11 – quite cool today. Mr. Grant ajourned for the Murfreeboro female college. Ms. Grant, Ms. Pugh (Methodist) is around looking for funds. I reckon he will find them quite I came in this upon . 12 Am 26 years old today. Wonder if I will ever see 52? Gavin Clark came down from Halifax today. David Clark is to be married next Thursday to Miss Bettie Harris of Halifax. Gavin and his teacher could not agree 13 J.J. Pugh went up to Hardy & brought the P. Office down but tis doubtful whether we will get the mail in some time as Vann the contractor refuses to bring in by this place. 14 Cool again and cloudy Passed by Hardys and some of them appear to be glad that the mail boy would not bring the mail by Woodville. Hope they won't have cause to rejoice long. Nothing more. Dull living. Mr. Procis? Painting Mr. Thompson house Eli Vick is down from Emfield. He has had the Typhoid fever again. One attack of that in a man's life time ought to be enough. Mr.Vaughn overseer for Mr. Thompson lost a child today making his third in less than 12 months it will be buried at St. Frances. 1854 Apr 15th Lee & Watson was disappointed yesterday in not getting their goods. The Hardy's got it from ?? by one of the ? than most of yesterday. Gavin Clark returned to Halifax today. Rain again today about 12 o'clock, raining yet. Bad times for farmers in the low lands. Finished planting the corn over the ditch this morning. The Misses Cotton came from Mrs. Pugh's yesterday. My horse ran away with me today. Scared Mrs. Shocking did not do any damage however I succeeded in stopping after running 2 or 3 hundred yards. Heavy rain at night. R.W. and Pylades Smallwood came up to night and stayed all night. The former quite disappointed in regard to other movements of a certain Miss. Sunday. Raining this morning continued until about 10 o'clock . Eliza Thompson daughter of Samuel Williams died last night. No preaching today. Stayed at home all day, quite cool. 17th Very cold this morning. Very unlike spring am afraid the corn will rot that is planted. Very cloudy all day. Went up to Lee & Watson's stor this evening found JJ Pugh, TJ Pugh, Ed and Rob Watson, William Mallow, present also J. Lee & Saml Cox. The PO still under discussion. Vann has not yet brought the mail to Woodville and says he will not. J.Pugh will report him tomorrow again. I understand the Hardy are getting up signatures to a petition to have the mail kept at Hardy's Store, Of course I hope they will not succeed. 18th. Cold and cloudy again today, Tis said there was snow last night. Twas cold enough T.J. Pugh having understood that T.E. Hardy started to Washington City this morning to have the P.O. continued at Hardy's Store left for the same place suppose now H. will be surprised to see the squire. The heavy rain for the few days past has started the old Roanoke out again. Undersand that it is impossible to get to the ferry. The fish carts could not get over today. 17th Cleared off last night quite cold this was a killing frost this morning. River still rising. Wm Thmpson left for Halifax today to attend Dr. C. Clark's marriage tomorrow night. Pylades Smallwood left this evening for Rich Square on his way home. 20th Fair again today and quite pleasant beautiful weather. Went down to the Indian Woods this morning. Corn killed yesterday by the frost. Mr. Smish commenced planting cotton Saturday morning but was stopped by the rain and commenced again today. 21 finished planting corn at home. Then planted yesterday and today. Quite pleasant. Lee & Watson goods arrived today but the freshet is too high to land them unless boated out. 22 Mrs. Smallwood went down to Windsor this evening from & there she leaves Monday for the Sound. Quite warm Saturday night. R. Smallwood with me, freshet falling quite fast. Sunday quite pleasant no preaching at St. Frances Some sym of another Christmas Eve frolic - saw down in the road near Squire Hardy blew up cool this evening. slight frost this night. The mail came to this place today the First time since Hardy was turned out. T.J. Pugh returned from Washington, this morning reports all correct, as the above shimp. Mr. T. Edwards Hardy returned yesterday quite satisfied of his ability to keep the office just as long as he chose. & "great was the fall". 25th R. Watson staid with me last night, got up this morning about 3 a.m. took breakfast & went turkey hunting. Bob's horse got loose and to cr__, the whole we did not get a shoot, no sickness worth a fight to the Drs. Mr. Thompson returned today from Halifax having gone up as stated last week to attend the marriage of D.C. Clark and Miss Harris. They were married the 20th by the Rev. R.O. Barton. Quite warm today. R. Watson & myself are going down to stay with R. Smallwood tonight to take a turkey hunt tomorrow morning. Quite warm to day. W.G. Pugh left fro Windsor this evening. 26th On our way to the Indian Woods yesterday we saw six turkeys feeding in old Ben's field. We got down and by creeping managed to get to the fence. I shot first/ R. Watson being lower down the fence. I missed one flew over. I shot again and missed. 3 came towards Robert, he shot two of them, but did not kill either. Went on down and stayed all night with Bob went this morning and while calling one came up in 10 or 15 feet of me, did not see him, as he came behind until he saw me and ran off, shot him about 50 yards & missed, got disgusted & quit turkey huntikng for this spring. 27th Quite warm. Very windly, blew up, cool towards night, cloudy, rain need very much. 28th Quite cool and cloudy this morning, slight rain last night again today fine quite comfortable tonight. Nothing stirring in this place. 29th Cold today, cloudy. went up to Lee and Watson's store this morning found Wm Walton, R & Ned Watson, Marcus sick, and in a short time JJ & T.J. Pugh came in. Talked over the pulling down of Squire Hardy's fence last Saturday night. Nobody seems to know who did it, all those who were engaged in it Christmas all seem to prove themselves clear. Mrs. W.J. Hill came down the country today. Mrs. Harriet Smallwood has been gone a week today and the scribe thinks it is getting time for her to return. R. Watson dined and visited me today. R. Smallwood came up this evening is doomed to meet with another misfortune truly the gentleman has been sorely tried the last four weeks. sic semper . Fire quite pleasant tonight. Protracted meeting at Republican 30 Quite cool today. no preaching in the Village. Staid at home May 1st Some frost this morning. Dr. Williams arrived at home Saturday evening with his ____ icy. Mrs. Smallwood arrived this evening from Windsor. 2nd. Quite pleasant. Mrs. Watson & Miss M.L. Smallwood dined with us today. Thos Williams of Martin came over today. J.J. Pugh had a fine son born 21st. Did not hear of it until last night. News travels slow in Woodville some times. This is a great place about the meanest hole in Creation so say _____ 3rd Went down to the Indian Woods today. Mr. Smith is plowing up the corn by which ___ a very bad stand indeed commenced seeding and planting corn at the house today. Mrs. Frances Puh and Miss Smallwood spent the day with us. Quite a sore mouth. 4th Quite windy today. Most 5th Suffered badly last night with my mouth also all day. Cannot chew tobacca or open my mouth to eat with any comfort expect to get pills tonight. 6 & 7 Had the toothache so bad for these two days. have not paid attention to anything on. Slight sketch of my midnight pleasure sitting up. 8th May Court. Went up to Windsor today quite a crowd there. The ladies of Windsor intend having a Fair tonight & tomorrow for religious purposes. Did not stay to attentd it. Very dry and dusty. 9th Face much better can eat and chew tobacco with some comfort again, which is highly pleasant after a week of pain. Saw some young gentlemen who attended the Fair in Windsor last night. They say that it went off well. Their money went also. Still very dry. The Grand Jury had S.J. Cox summoned to go before them to tell something about the second fence pulling fown. Sam says he told them he didn't known anything about it. 10th Very windy and still dry. we are in hopes it will rain before morning,as it is badly needed. Reading today "Hot Conn or life Scenes in West Fork by Solon R. Tinson. Sums up life at the fine points in style. Court didn not last any longer than today. The Whigs nominated J.B. Cherry for Senator; Col Outlaw and P.H. Winston for Commissioners, have not heard anything of the democratic nominees yet except for Gov Thos Bragg of Northampton. The Whigs have nominated Gen Dickey of Richmond as their candidate 11th No rain yet of any consequence. Very dry Understand the ladies of Windsor made $500 clear by the fair. Dull as ?feashin? nothing stirring so you see what we have donw in they way of giving a few sketches from Hot Corn. Commenced raining about two o'clk and is now raining finely. This sketch is the death of the Prof Picken's daughter. The Missionary Mr. Pears Solon Robins & Tom Tapbury present. Think I shall have to show off some of the life scenes Woodville recorded if I could as have seen plenty of material to do it. [Sketch labeled: Death bed of Madeline - Picken's daughter) [Sketch: One of the few scenes inthe life of a young blood of Woodville in the year of 1853-54. Man in two wheel cart drawn by two horses, obviously going fast] May 12th. Cloudy today, but no rain of consequence. We give No 2 Sketch of Woodville scense. it speaks for itself. [Sketch of man holding glass, bottle of wine and pitcher on table] 13th Mr. T. Smith sich with pneumonia taken last Monday night, quite sick ever since. R. Smallwood came this evening. Dr. T.J.P. Smallwood & family came up to also to Mrs. Ruffins. Mrs. Thompson arrived home from the Sound. Mr. Price finished painting Mr. J.J. Pugh's house. Cloudly this morning. Mr. Trymyen preaches at M__. Williams plantation this morning. 15th Went up to the store this evening. I found two or three there, no news dull times, commenced weeding corn at home. Mrs. Dr. Ham Wiliams came over to Mrs. Griffin's this evening. Mr. Smith no better. Dick crazy. 15 min of 12 oc'ck pm to bed. 16th Went down to the plantation this morning found Mr. Smith some better and Dick worse, quite crazy had staid out most of the night, got loose again this morning and had not been found when I left, feel quite tired tonight having had a long ride on horseback this morning and evening. Mrs. Smallwood gone to Mrs. M.L. Smallwoods. Quite warm --rain needed. Finis 17th Had quite a fine rain this evening. Very much needed. Mr. Freeman has commenced hauling the timber for the Episcopal church. Dull in Woodville feel lousey tonight. W.G. Pugh took supper with me tonight. Expect somebody will be sending for a Dr tonight as it is raining. Dick quite crazy. Mr. Smith better. TJPugh, JJ Pugh, Mr. Thompson at the store this eveing. and also Dr. Williams. Hope ___ have a good rain tonight. 18th May 1854. Quite a heavy rain last night, badly needed and was the very thing for the farmers. I hope it will gin the cotton and come a Start pleasant today. 19th Mrs S. returned home this evening. 20th The second Quarter Meeting was commenced today by the Methodist at St. Frances. The presiding Elder was not present, being absent attending the General Conference. The follwoing ministers: Mr. Ward, Trimyen, Grant, Harp?, Taracle and Moore were present. I did not attend having to go off just about 10 o'clock. 21th Sunday. Preaching all day. Quite a crowd. Mr. Grant preached this morning, Mr. Ward this evening. 22nd Preaching continued this morning at 10 o'clock by Mr. War. Present Mr. Ward, Grant and Trimgen and Moore. The services closed about 1 o'ck. Quite a shower came up and detained some after church. Cloudy this evening ouight to have gone down to Indian Woods but was afraid of getting wet, as my horse cannot stand an umbrella. The young folks intend having a dancing part at the Tuscarora on the 25th. [Sketch of Tuscarora pavilion for dancing] 23rd Foggy and cool this morning, very nearly all day. FAir this evening. 24 Cool this morning and cloudy Mrs. Laura ? Williams spent the morning with us. Mrs. Sarah Smallwood came down this evening but Mrs. S. was not at home. Commenced plowing my corn today. Mr. W. Walton went down to Mr. W.A. Pugh's this morning and broughtMiss F.S. Cotton up for the frolic tomorrow. Robt Smallwoos came up this evening for the same purpose I suppose. Mar 25th Wel the picnic is over and a pleasant time we had, the lads and lasses of our villge assembled quite early in the morning and commenced dancing before all the ladies arrived and not having enough to form a cotillion, Mr. L. Cottone tied a handkerchief on his arm danced first as lady then as gentleman. I will say with the trust I think Mr. Cotton the fondest creature of dancing in the universe. The married ladies of Woodville did not feel disposed to turn out owing perhaps to the dreary ….ing. Drs. Smallwood and Williams attended . The Misses Cotten, Miss Hodge, Miss Crichlow and Smallwood. Miss Margaret Cotton, I think was decidedly the belle of the day. She and Mr. E. Watson danced the most admired of all the fancy dances the Schottish report Mis Watson is desperately smitten with Miss Margaret and their conduct to day will I guess confirm the report Mr. Joe Pugh, Dr. Smallwood and Mr. Cotton insisted on dancing reels, much to the sorrow of some of the younger party, who preferred cotillions, so they could converse with their partners while others were dancing. Miss Crichlow did not dance during the morning for fear of disarranging the dress or hair, ….. Dr. Watson….after dancing one set, then became just as fond of it as the rest. Miss. M.J Cotton, the younger sister of Miss Margaret, and Mr. Walton left before the company thought of leaving in a buggy and two what their intentions were I do not know. About sunset or a little after the company left and the spring no doubt feels as lonely and ….as much so as of the sound of the violin and the merry laugh of gay and heppy hearts had not startled the birds and caused the echo to sound again and again from hill and vale. 26 Mrs. S and myself took a trip to Scotland Neck this morning returned about 6 ½ o'ck. Paid Mrs. Blelock $544.51. Thank heaven I have paid for my horse and lot at last. Cost now a little over $1500. Partial eclipse of the sun this evening. Warm today. A daughter was born to J.B. & S. Griffin last Monday named (blank) 27th Saturday. Dull nothing new sons of T[Temperance] met this afternoon. 28th Sunday Dined today with Mrs. M.S. Smallwood on my way from Dr. Hill's plantation found Dr. TJP Smallwood, WP Gurly, Mr. Gurley and their children there. Mrs. S.A. Smallwood is with her mother[Rachel Ruffin] who has been sick for a week or so. 29 Dined again with Mr. M.J. Smallwood and found there Mrs. W. Watson, Miss Bettie Parrie & Mr. Watson. Dr. JPS wife and 3 children Mrs. Gurly and 3 so there was a housefull also Mrs. Ruffin Farmer chopping out cotton, very good stand ;but bad of corn hope thou to make a good crop of both. Mr. J.L. Bryan at Mr. Pugh's tonight. Dr. Ham Williams and lady returned home this evening from their visit to Mr. & Mrs. Griffin. Windy tonight Hope for rain 30th No rain last night warm again today. Thos Thmpson returned from La this evening . A daughter was born to T.B. Hardy. 31st -- soon this morning quite warm until 11 /2 oc'lck when it clouded up and commenced turning cool with a little mist supposed this must be the "cold spell" in May if it is it delayed until the last day, quite cool to windy tonight fire quite pleasant. Mr. J.L. Bryan had an attack of paralysis at his farm near Woodville. June 1st called to see Mr. Bryan this evneing and found that he has not had any attnetion up to this time. Found Mrs. T.JH. Pough there and sent immediately for Dr. Rob H. Smith of Windsor. Mr. Bryan has lost the use of his left side entirely. Mr. Bryan's sister Mrs. Hyman and her daughter, Miss Bettie Hyman came over to see him having been veru busy indeed from this time to the 13th I will just state that we have had some of the worst times in regards to sickness we have had for some years. Very heavy rain the 11th & 12th. Cotton and corn delayed. Dr. Hogg and lady came down to see Mr. Bryan last week. Miss Margaret Webb died last week in Windsor. Miss Mary Freeman quite sick. Mr. P. Smallwood arrived at home from the University of VA. The 3rd The young folks had a dance last Saturday The __ at the Tuscarora. The Dysenter has been prevailing at Mr. Freeman & Mr. Hills plantation in a very violent form for the past two weeks and death has ocurred at Freemans and 3 at Mr. Hills up to this morning. Two at Mr. Hills were children tho he has a man who I think will probaby die with the disease. The sick at Hills have averaged from 8-12 for the past week. 14. Been very busy. Nohting new fair and warm grass growing fin )15-19th Mr. JGB Rhoulac, Mrs. L(S_)__y Bryant and Jno Bryan came down to see Mr. Bryan the 18th Mrs. Capehart also came up and has to leave yesterday but her driver was taken sick with dysentary at Mr. Thompson' and was not able to go. Mr. Jos/Jas Rasco died yesterday with the same disease. Mr. George Gray came up from Windsor this evening. The sick man at Hill's still doubtful yet, others improving. Dr. T.Smallwood and family left for the Indian Woods this morning. Practice so far this moth has avgd from $12 to $14 / day am satisfied. Dr. Wm Turner of Windsor died in Portsmouth about the 14th Mrs. Swain, wife of Whit Swain died about the 18th or 20th. Maj Clary died in Windsor the 23rd quite sickly. The negros at Mr. Hills are improving slowly. Commenced hilling corn at the house. The 22nd Edward Watson lost a negro woman the 24th 26th dry rain needed. Hilling corn, noghtin new sickness slacking off. Practice from the 27th of May to this date worth $391/ Windsor must be truly a land of death, every time we hear from them somebody hs died. David Harnell, Baptist minister living near Windsor last his wife, nice and one or two children about the last of June. Whit Swain also lost one or two children and today I hear that Thos Spell Jr is dead, truly in the midst of life we are in death. Some few cases still holding on at Mr. Hills but improving. I hope. Mr. Bryan is slowly improving; I understand that those who are able are leaving Windsor. Mr. Thompson had two negro women struck by lightening the 30th, but not fatally. Very dry no rain slight rain in the Indian Woods. Cotton blossoms several days ago have not heard whehter Mr. Smith has any or not. Gavin Clark came from VA, a few days ago July 1st not quite so warm today. No rain yet. Corn suffering badly Sat. night. (skull drawing) vist est umbra Very dry. No rain yet. Corn suffering badly understand today. 4th That T. Speller is not dead. I hope he will ye recover Dr. Smith came up today to see Mr. Bryan and says that the sick in Windsor are better. The young folks celebrated the day by a dinner and dance at the Tuscarora. Have not heard any of he particulars. Maj Garrett of Plymouth came over yesterday is said to be a beau of Miss. M.E. Cotton and tis also said by the knowing ones that it will be a match. He has the dimes. I forgot to say that Mr. George Harrrell and Miss Mary E. Bond were married last Wednesday the 28th June. Squire Lee perfomring the ceremony. Woodville is full of young gentleman at this time and there is not a single young lady except two in the immediately in the village and they are not directly kin.____ few around Very warm 4th July 1854 5th we at length have rain after a long season of dry and uncommonly warm weather which will no doubt revive the spirits of our desponding citizend ho hve wished for a refreshing shower for several week past. I'm making preparation to write the few lines Dr. Smallwood assisted by M. Clark received a copious saturation of ink on hispants which he is now trying to remove with tartaric acid, may he succed is the wish of his friend. July the 4th 1854 Woodville N C The long looked for day has at length passed and gone like the things of other days and naught of it is left excepting the remembrance of the happy hours which wil lnever again gladen ourhearts, which then were perhaps more innocent than more oratory future period as we are all advancing in life and are I am afraid doing little to promote our happiness. At nine oclock the lads of our village started for Tuscarora when we anticipated much fun and pleasure by talking and dancing with the girls. The Misses Bishop were the first who arrived and two of our youths endeavored to entertain for a few minutes while the remainder of the company were assembling, by making remarks on the warmness of the day, the pleasure of the 4 of 5 the anticipated fun of the day and the affairs of the last big meeting as wellas other topics which served to pass of time until relief was afforded by the timely arrival of several others. After going to the spring we were detained some time by the non apppearnce of the musician, who being detined by a worthy boot maker of the burrough who wished to give him some heart felt advice on the importantct of religion. I expect he used his appeals in vain for he did his duty after his arrival and will so continue until he can no longer dran the bow. Our danced commenced and continued almost incessantly until late in the evening when some returned home pleased with amusement of the day and regreting that their fun had so soon passed away others were sad and gloomy at the idea of separting from the girls who had contributed so much to their pleasures. The married gents of the place were assembled as ususal on the hill enjoying themselves hugely in an innocent game and trying to obtain a few loose quarters at the expense of their friends. Miss Slade of Williamstown was I think entitled to the appellation of Belle and has since her departure ranag quite loudly in the minds of two of her admireres. Miss M.E. Cotton was present dressed in all her style and beauty much to the delight of Major Garrett of Washington Co who report says will succeeed in pursuit and are being possess the object of his affecion. Poor fellow he has not many of the charms of nature, and it is remarked that he is laboring under a care of chronic ugly which of chance shoud strike it would be apt to tke him off. He at least has not a vey prepossessing exterior. I know of no engagements taking place but think that a few were in some measure captivated so we will not be suprrised if we are assembled in a few more months to witness the joining together of some of our friends and schoolmates may theirs be a hapy lot. I will not proceewd as it is quite late and I wish some others to describe more fully and in better stile our next which I hope may prove as pleasant and happy to all as the present. Those present were of the ladies the Misses Cotton M.E.C. M & Can M.R.C., Miss A.F. Crichlow Miss Ellen Hodges. Miss Mary Brown, the Misses Bishop Miss Lucy Biggs Miss Mollie Slade and several little girls who have not yet come on the carpet, besides several married ladies. E. & R.C. Watson, WP Smallwood, W. Walton, G. Clark, T. Ruffin, H. Harrell, William Pugh and many others who were invited from various places written July th 7th, 1854 6th All nature seems revived after the copious showers last night. The air feels fine and I hope we may yet make enough to eat. My corn at the house is injured I think but not as bad as it might have been. Went to Mr. Bryan's this morning and rode to the Indian Woods from there in company with TJ Pugh…was in hopes the rain had extended there, but it did not, not a season, stayed at home all evening. 7 Went up to the store of Lee And Watson this morning and found Dr. Williams, Mr.Thompson and Thos Thompson there looking for the mail. After a while Squire Hardy and his indictment here commented on and I think Mr. Hardy has gained for himself no ----- reputation. Rain again this evening. R.C. Watson & Gavin Clark staying with us tonight. WP Smallwood went home this morning to study I hope for he has but 8 or 9 months more to make ? ? his profession. Nearly 11 oclock 5 minutes of it and I'll to bed. 7th July 1854 8 15 Very slight rain at T. Smiths so I understand last night somewhat cloudy tonight I hope they may have corn there. R & Miss T. ?F. Smallwood came up this evening Mrs. Capehart's daughter and son came up to see Mr. Bryan this morning. Mr. Bryan does not improve very fast, he has a very great dislike to taking medicine of any kind. Thos Speller did not die as reported some time back, he died last Thursday morning the 6th inst. Still very sickly at Windsor. Finished tilling corn at the house yesterday. 9th Sunday Cloudy this evening. No rain in the Indian Woods. Preaching at St. Frances this afternoon to the negros by Mr. Trymgen. Gavin Clark left for Halifax this evening. 10th Went out to the store of Lee & Watson this morning. Mr. Moore (Jim) Mr. J. Jacocks, and the 3 Misses Cotton rode out in fine style carriage & four. I understand that Mr. Jacocks is paying attention to Miss Margaret Cotton. Mr. Walton looking bad has had 2 or 3 chills since kicked by Miss Mary E. Cotton. Dr. R. Smith came up this evening to see Mr. Bryan and reports Windsor healthier. We have no rain. This evening and from appearance I should think in general it is a slow rain, steady and one that will benefit the farming very much I hope. No sickness Mr. Wm. Thompson left for Chapel Hill this morning. Rev Gluny of Windsor was married the 5th to Miss Williams Southampton VA 11th Rain with wind last night cloudy this morning, looked stormy but cleared off this evening. Corn looks fine. Mr. Underwood painted at Mrs. Jos J. Pugh's sick. R.C. Watson came down this evening nothing new in Woodville. Mr. Sanders came down from Roxobel and will commence the Episcopal church soon I suppose very little sickness 13 & 14th Dull times, every body attending to their crops. That those that have them, fine growing weather. Dr. TJP Smallwood's family came up the 14th intending to start for Dr. Hill's tomorrow. Mrs. Powell is teaching school at the old Academy. Rain this evening – off to bed. March 15th. Dr. S & family left this morning for Dr. Hills. Dr. S. returned about 4 oclock his driver being too sick to proceed, so he brought him back, his family went on, Mrs. Ruffins driver being along. Dr. Smallwood is now staying at C. Smallwoods also Mrs. Smallwood came up today to continue his studying. 17th Sunday. Mr. Bronson preached this morning at the Old Chapel. Cloudy in the morning, but finally off without much rain. No preaching at St. Frances 17th A daughter born to C. & Harriet Smallwood. May she live long the last 18th quite sickly. Mrs. M.S. Smallwood came up this evening. Very warm 17 Dr. TJP Smallwood left for Dr. Hills today and returned the 31st. He left the next morning for his farm. The rainy season commenced about this time and continued for a week or two. The crops of corn and cotton have improved vastly and we hope (D—V-- Latin phrase abbreviated) to make a plenty to eat. The dysentery has assumed the Typhoidic type in some part of the county. A few miles from this place there were 4 deaths in less than a week in one family—that of Mr. Jeremiahd Harrell. Mr. T. Bond's lost a child about 2 years old with the same disease. The 4 Aug remarkably sickly in the county for the last two months. Mr. T. Bond and wife near Windsor are both expected to die with Typhoid fever. 4th Aug This will long be remembered for the terrible thunder shower which passed over from 5 to 8 oclock Thos Norfleet aged about 21 was killed at Coxs' Store Roxobel and several others shocked by lightning during it prevalence. The election passed quietly the 3. No candidates brought out by the Democrats of the county. The Whigs had a clean field. From this time to the 17th we had several deaths in the neighborhood. Mr. Jos B. Lee lost one of his daughters, Jane, Thursday the 15th Mr. T. Bond lost his daughter, Mary aged about 4 years the 18th. Tis very sickly yet. Bilious fever Typhoid fever and dysentery. I understand that Mrs. Dr. Hill was very dangerously sick last Tuesday and one of Dr. TJP Smallwoods children the eldest had been very sick. We have now very rainy weather, very heavy rain today. 19th Mr. L. Thompson & family left for Jones Springs a week or two ago Mr. Bond and wife both died as expected. Noah Thompson of Florida died in W. Took? In the lunatic asylum of congestion of outer brain about a week ago. Thurs 24 taken today with dysentery and had to stay at home a week if I do not have to stay longer was making from 12-15$ a day. Bad time, but couldn't do any better. Henry Williams wife, daughter of J. Turner died 28th. W.S. Pugh arrived from La this week. Sickness abating 1854 September 1st to 11. Quite warm up to the 11th heavy rain this evening before and quite cool that day. Warm and rainy since. Mr. Freeman arrived home from their Bridal tour The 12 & gave a large party several from this place attended. Viz Dr. H.F. Williams and lady; Mr. M. Sanders and Lady (Mr. Sanders and wife Celia Hardy were married the last of August. E. & Robert Watson, Mr. Walton & W.P. Smallwood dancing as usual. Wine and brandy in cords. Some drinking done and some drunk. 13 This evening at the residence of Mrs. Cotton. Miss Mary E. Cotton and Major Garrett were married also at the same time and place Miss Margaret Cotton and Mr. Jessie Jacocks by the Rev. Mr. Bronson. The happy couples left this evening for a northern trip. Quite a large party. Dancing last night and today. Sic Tempus. rain this evening. Mary Rawls wife of Moore Rawls died last week of cancer. Very sickly all through this month. Dr. Jno Hill died at his residence in Halifax the 22 of this month. Mr. And Mrs. Cotton were blessed with a fine daughter the 27th 12 ½ oclock. Dr. Thos JP Smallwood's child is improving and strong hopes are entertained of his recovery. Also of Miss Hills WP Smallwood left for Philadelphia the 29 to attend medical lecture at the University of Penn Turner commenced picking cotton last week and thence short commence on corn 1854 Oct This has been one of the finest months for farming that could be described. Very dry the whole of the month and for the most part warm. We had frost tolerable early but not a killing until about the 17 & 18 about this time ice was quite thick for the season. Cotton opening quite fast and most farming are enjoyed earlier than usual in picking some are gathering corn and some of the ? crop has been sold for $3 p bh. The first of the month was quite sickly. Some deaths of children. R. Crichlow left for Philad about the 1st week but returned soon. Mrs. HJ Smallwood took a trip to VA for a week. Mr. Saunders is about to make a finish of the Episcopal Church. R. W. Smallwood commenced making preparation to build or add to his mother's house. Mr Lee & Watson and Hardy have their full supply of new goods. Nov 1-9 Quite pleasant still continues very dry indeed the dryest fall for many years. Stock are suffering for water. fine weather for getting in cotton, Mrs. Branch nee Bond came down about the first and returned the 9th. Mrs. R. Ruffin and Mrs. Hill widow of Dr. S. Hill returned home today. Dr. TJP Smallwood came up yesterday returned home today. D.C.Clark came down with Mrs. R [Ruffin] & Hill. The Urquhart came out the 9th the land belonging to the est of Dr. J Urquart will be sold the 10th The Rev Aaron Spivey died at his residence Indian Wood Monday the 13th. Heavy rain the 12th. Very much needed turned off quite cool 14th December Cold today. Woodville is remembered for its dullness and it is useless to write an try now to write its duoings regularly. Miss C. Ruffin died the 5th. [Catherine, daughter of Henry and Treasy Benton Ruffin] Dec 5, 1854 G.H. Clark came down about the 8th from Halifax. Mrs. Wortham (formerly Miss Watson of Windsor) died at Smithville the 13th or 15th. George Gray and Mrs. Daniel? Were married the 20th. The sale of Dr. Jno Hills took place the 20th. So ended the following chapter. Christmas passed off this time without much excitement there was but one fence made and that not on the old Squires premises. Though I understand that a bunch of turnips was placed on his door. There was some drinking but not a great deal. Mr. Jos J. Pugh gave a dinner on Christmas day and though not present our reporter says that all passed pleasantl. {Present: W. A Pugh and Lady. , S.A. Norfleet and lady, L. Thompson and lady Dr. H.F. Williams and Mrs. Williams Dr. & Mrs TJP Smallwood Miss P. Norfleet Mrs. Tifton Dr.Robt C. Watson Dr. W.A. Hardy Robt Smallwood Mrs. H.J. Smallwood spent the christmas at W.R. Clarke. Pylady Smallwood, Thomas Thompson dined with C. Smallwood 27th Our regular hiring day. Negroes hire over very high ___of $100 for cornfield hand. Stan hand $150. Mr. Lewis Thompson purchased the Walton Land for $6,000 considered a high price. The past year (1854)is considered by many to have been a remarkable one of sickness and unusual mortaliy all on the county and especially in this county. "hard time" and "the scarcity of money" is an expression heard evewry day. The reckles manner in which many speculate and the extravagance more of living pursued by many will cause many failures before the 1st June 1856. Cotton cannot be sold at this time for cash at hardly any price. Corn is in good demand & pork only fair. The past year was quite a good crop year. 1855 The first of the month has been rather cloudy & disagreeable went to Windsor the 1st to the hiring and found negros much higher than on this place. Jan 28 1855 Miss Christian Ferguson died this morning at the residence of Mrs. M.L. Smallwood of consumption in the 42 yr of …. Her funeral was preached the 9th by Rev. A.M. CRAIG Text: I am the way, the truth and many come to the Father but by him. She lived an exemplary life and died in the hope of a glorious immortality. Wm Pugh was turning sick about the last of Jan and after suffering for 6 months with lumbar absess died the 26 July aged 20 years Miss Ann Crichlow and Mr. Watson Junior married as Jas P. Griffin's the 28 March David Ryan Thursday evenig 2 1/o'clock Nov 29 Henry Lee died June 8, 1856 Jan 1856 very cold commenced about the 5th & continues some time … Jno Freeman having walked out after night about the middle of last month was astonished by a fire in the rear which fortunately did not kill him but proved a very serious burn; he has sold out his possession to W.T. Smallwood. Will remove to Norfolk. June 4th. Mr. William Walton of this place was married this day to Miss Susan Whitly of Martin Co. Will give a party tonight to his friends 5th The party at Brittons was largely attended. Dancing and connunization was kept up until a late hour and all went home well pleased. July 23 Mr. Whit H. Urquhart of Va was killed this night by being thrown from a stage near Salem N.C. He had late married Miss Fanny Norfleet of Roxobel. His wife and mother in law, Miss M. Norfleet were with him but not very seriously injured. A typhoid fever of some form attacked the negroes of Mr M.L. Smallwood of which and other causes 4 negro women have died. Very sickly in Indian Woods. Edmund Watson and Miss Bette Lee married in St. Frances church the Aug 1856 by Rev Mr. Reid Capt Prince and Miss Pattie Watson were married at the same place and by the same Oct 15. Moore Rawls & Miss Fanny Garrett were married the 20 Nov. [Moore Rawls, the overseer of Lewis Thompson's plantations married Judith Frances Garrett, his second wife, and she is buried at St. Frances Cemetery.] Richard Barny and Miss Bettie Veale were married Dec 11, 1856. W.A. Ferguson and Miss Margaret Lee were married Dec 16. Dec 22, 23, 24 very cold indeed. Had a call in the night 5 miles from Windsor and thought I should almost freeze. The year just past (1856) has been perhaps one of the worst on farming. Heaven knows our before the "oldest inhabitant""with very heavy rain indeed about June 10 to flood everything and then a drought that continued until Aug not one farmer in ten I think made a support Corn considering the scarcity has continued low and up to this time the middle of Feb has not sold for more than 3 ½ pr bu and several has sold at $3. Cotton has sold as high here as 12 cts. Pork from 7 to 7 ½ pr hundred I sincerely hope that this year will prove a better one than the last for farming, but we should be thankful to our Maker for what we do enjoy JAN 1857 This year commenced cold. Dr. W. P. Smallwood having located last year in Rockingham, Richmond Co came home to visit the family and as Dr. Hardy intended moving south, Dr. C. Smallwood bought the Dr. out and settled Dr. W in practice with himself. Mr. L. Thompson and Dr. Hardy left for the south about the middle of the month. Severe snow storm commenced the 17 or 18th & continued 2 days. The deepset snow almost was known in the county on a level 12 in deep and in drifts from 4-5 ft deep in remained on the ground 2 weeks and large quantites of stock perished. Many farming hands on the way to VA with hogs were caught in the storm and suffered badly. Diagrams….man's face (maybe C. Smallwood) FEB 1857 [Big gap in dates] April 18, 1861 Morgan's 2nd year & my 1st Hands: Hank, Daniel, Searcy, Abram Jos. Bridget, Joe N Sip Nelson, Wexton, Gordon, Dick Silas Calvin, Perry, Cary Ann Ed Sarah Sanson, Charity, Mandy H. Mary Winney, Aggy Sille Nelson King, White, Julia and Dilly – old. Sonnon(supplementary) Jan 1, 1861 Having sold my residence in Woodville to Mr. Ballance and my office Lot medicines and to Dr. Taylor (who died the last of August) I concluded old Mister" willing, toi try farming for a season. So this morning bright and early we were up stirring and moved this day to the plantation and I had to attend the hiring in Windsor I did not reach the plantation until nearly night…found wife and children "at home". Cold and cloudy today 2nd Very cloudy this morning with signs of rain which came on during the day and rained quite hard. Rained all night. Killed 75 hogs making nearly 8,000 ? best I had --finished killing about 2 ½ oclock pm. Sent 2 negroes to Woodville to get the balance of our "traps" 3rd very muddy damp and disagreeable this morning. Think I have seen the worst. If I can only stand this without getting the blues I think I can get on very well. Cut and salted the pork had a bad time..so Wet so muddy and "nasty" Walked out to the Mill field in which I have some rye..found it coming up but planted so late, fear a bad stance found the ditches full of water and in desperate bad condition. I wonder how they will look the 3 Jan 1862 if I live. I have name the place Sucknow and hope to find it so . This drawing represent my coat of arms. The figure explains itself especially to anyone who has walked over the place after a two or three day rain in the winter or at least what a man feels like doing every time he takes a step. I hope we shall have fair weather. I expect to go to Gavin tomorrow for Miss Brodie to spend a week or two with us. **Sketch of man with boot on tree stump…possibly scraping off "mud" with stick?** Hired for the present span 2 Negros, one at $100 Perry belonging to Miss B. Watson , the other Calvin at $137 ½ Also Negro woman at $65. Tis almost nonsense from present appearance of affairs to hire Negroes with the expectation of paying for them. S. Carolina has seceded from the Union on account of Lincoln's election and a Civil War is expected. Well, none can tell what will be the end..tomorrow .. Friday the 4th is the day appointed by the President as a day of fasting and prayer that God may avert such a clamity and restore unity and harmony. Jan 4th Rain this morning. Some frost and ice. Put my hogs 53 on floored pens. Some are very small and poor yet. Put all hands (nearly) to picking out the balance of the cotton, will make a short crop of corn and cotton and it appears as if such will always be the case. Cotton is now worth from 11 to 11 ¼ cts in Norfolk. Went this morning to Gavin's-- River out, did not know it before leaving and was bothered in getting there, got there safe and brought Miss. B. home. Crick expected to start up home this evening But think it is doubtful about his crossing the river. Started the lamp tonight burned Came by Woodville this evening on my way home got the mail, paper full of secession war and c… Saw Mr. Millar, Fraim, Thos Bond & Jno Bryan..understand that Bernard and Coke have a plenty to do. Mr. Humphrey Hardy who has been complaining for some time was not so well. Saturday 5. Went hunting this morning. Tarso set 2 or 3 flocks of partridge, did not kill but one. Stayed until 12 oclock rode out in the afternoon to see how my ditches stood the rain. Sent up after the carriage as Harriet & Miss Brodie wish to go to the Episcopal church tomorrow. Sund Jan 1861. Harriet, Miss Brodie, Mniss Scott Mattie, the baby (Sallie Tom) and myself went to church. I rode to Roberts on horseback and went with him in his vehicle. Came back and dined with him. Dr. Tom & Johnnie also. The balance dined with Mr. & Mrs Thompson…staid with Robert til nearly sunset and found them home when I got there. Heard an excellent sermon from Mr. Waters. 7th started out this mroning with 2 hands to repair the bridges between the house and Butlers…found them in bad condition and it was night before I got through commenced raining and fear we shall have a rainy day tomorrow. Nearly all hands picking cotton, hope to finish this week. 8th 1861 Have been here one week today and am well satisfied yet and hope to remain so. Dr. Tom came up this morning and brought Octavia.[daughter of Tom and Paulina Bonner Smallwood] Remained to dinner. Settled some business with him. Robt came over and took a deed for the land purchased from Sister Mary Winny for which he gave $1400. Did not like the price. Did not rain today as I expected yesterday but was fair or nearly so and pleasant picking cotton. Old Tom stopped to clean up. 9th went to Woodville this morning. Saw Mr. Fraim and Johnson, Millan, Dr. Cricklow and T. Sanders others. Met Dr. Bernard going to see Allen Smith. Staid until the arrival of the mail. Nothing satisfactory in the papers as regards the peace of the county. Jno Bryan came over during my absence but staid only a short time. Rain at night, very heavey, warm. 10th rain this mroning. Packed out 8 bales cotton in the morning and set all hand to raking up and mixing manures. Coud not gin as the cotton was too damp. faired off at night. Very windy and cold. The cold this morning nearly all hands picking . Went hunting killed nothing …got my feet wet. Expect to go to Windsor tomorrow. 13th went to Windsor this morning with Dr. Tom and returned to his house at night. Met Harriet and the children also Miss Brodie and Octavia who went home in the wagon. Saw Mr. Thompson just returned from Raleigh having been up to take Mary Bend & Pattie who informed me of the death of Mr. H. H. Hardy. He died last night. I was truly sorry to hear of it. He will be greatly missed. He leaves a young wife and 2 young children. May he rest in peace. Quite cool cloudy in the morning. 13th Sunday went to Windsor to the Methodist Church and heard a sermon from Mr. Williams. Dr. Tom, Miss Brodie, Octavia and Harrriet went to the Episcopal Church in Windsor. Very cold, and fair windy. 14th Rain this morning, but concluded to come home, hitched our horses to Dr. Tom's carriage. Took Miss B. in the sulky and came in style. Went this evening to see Robert's wife. R. killed part of his hogs today. Oll Tilla at Gurley's died this evening…tried to gin but the cotton was too damp. Hands making up ditch banked and old fences. 15th Cludy and warm today. Carried Mary Lockhart [his daughter] to Woodville this morning to school She will stay at Mrs. Thompsons during the week and return Fridays. Went in to see Millan, who is confined with bleeding from the lungs Felt sorry for him and advised him to call in a Dr. Returned home about 12 oclock Papers full of war and secession. Read a letter from WP Smallwood. Part of the hands making rails and part raking up ditch bank. Whit Bartley and old Tom getting post for the carriage house. Daniel getting timber for carts. Cloudy and raining 16th Rain early this morning. Sent Merten to Stall's after kegs returned in afternoon. Very windy and fained off in the morning-- composting __ and ditch bank at the Gum Gates. Mandy, old Tom and Julia sick. Laura went out after dinner and over the mile field. Everything looks bad and out of order/ 17th faint cool this morning. Everything picking cotton except one or two. Thos Thmpson came down this this moring and rode with Octavia and Miss Brodie. I went with …. (can't read several sentences) 18th was to be married twice, few "responsiblities" and plenty of money and happiness. Robt Smallwood came over to hunt turkeys. Flushed a flock, shot one but did not get it. Ferilee taken sick last night, bad cold..old Tom went out. Mandy H. still sick. Mattie disturbed us this afternoon. She was in the front porch with her mother and had a shell—quite a hard one and rather large in her mouth and unexpectedly swallowed it. I was quite frightened and did not know what to do. In a short time she became quiet and laughing, drank water and seemed to recover from it. I sincerely hope no bad result will happen. Tho I shall be uneasy for some time, expect to go to Woodville tomorrow. 18th Cloudy and raining this morning and increaed during the day in fact a real rainy day. Went out this morning to find the turkeys Bob flushed yesterday, got wet and saw none. Ferilee and Mandy H sick yet, did not go to Woodville. Composting. Sat 19th went to Woodville this mronign carried Mattie. Saw Mr. Thompson who says that the Run is rising—quite a freshet..Brought Miss Lock home papers full of secession and war. S.C. Fla, AL, and Miss have seceeded and the end no man can tell. Have most of my cotton on hand and it is declining. Mr. Powell carried his hogs out this mroning about 50. Very fine ones. I have 33 to kill and wish to sell about 20. But I do not know when I shall drive tis getting late. Millan said to be better did not see him this mroning tho I am today. Fair in afternoon. Morgan breaking a pair of oxen. Ocatavia and Miss Brodie visited all day this afternoon. Octavia has her fortune told. Feribe better. Mandy H out today. Frances complaining with tooth-face ache. Composting at the Gum Gate. 3 hands making rails - Daniel as the cart. Sunday night Jan 20, 1861 Went this morning to the Episcopal Church in Woodville. Miss Brodie & Octavia went in the buggy with Seamly behind and I went in the sulkey. Cool and very muddy. Miss Brodie came near running over a stump as Jude Hopkins did not relish the mud. Got to church in time and heard an excellent sermon from Mr. Waters? on progression in the Christian life. Very glad I heard it thou I did not care to go this morning. Left Miss B & O in Woodville staying with Cousin Charitie, expect to take Miss Lock up in the morning and will bring them back. I have felt quite bad this evening—fretful but tried not to give way to ill temper. Mind filled all day with morbid thoughts which may be source of trouble disposed to look in the future and cannnot see plainly have some things will terminate when I should give all things to God knowing that He will order all things right. I should remember the Sabbath Day to keep it holy and should pray for grace to help me to resist the temptations of the world. I pray to be delivered from worldy mindedness and from anxiety in regard to worldly things and hope should I live to see another Sabbath to be in a better frame of mind by God's help. Harriet and the children in bed and I wil lgo too. 21th Cloudy this morning and cold. Larger frost and some ice (fair yesterday) went to Woodville this morning, carried Miss Lock to school and expected to bring Miss B & O back but they concluded to remain with Cousin Charitie. Went to see Millan said he did not feel so well this morning. Looked at my A/c at Johnson and Millan $511 $225 at Fraims & $222 at the Upper store. This won't do at all – at all. Saw H B Hardy for a short time. Freshet falling above, high here yet. Killed 27 hogs today Avg'd 85 have five more to kill. I am anxious to drive those I have to sell as soon as possible as they are giving too strong on a stunt crop of corn if I get through without buying I shall think Morgan a good company general. Picked cotton after killing the hogs hope to finish in a day or two. Saw some wild turkies in the Mile field today.. The afternoon hunting there, ---- luck, killed none. Harriet has flue and seemed to suffer badly, hope she may soon got over it. This national crisis remains status quo. No men fighting. 9 0'clock Monday night Jan 21, 1861 22nd Have been living here 3 weeks today. Am still pleased. Cool and cloudy, in fact cold. Sent Sumity to Woodville with the young ladies and trunks. Went hunting this morning also this evening. Killed nothing except time, the worst thing I could have done. Will never make a hunter. Salted pork this morning, picking cotton this evening, hope to make a final finish tomorrow. Sent Morgan on to Prices to know when he will drive the hogs. Can't drive this week on a/c of the frishet. 23rh Cloudy and cold today. Rain towards night. Menten sick today. Bothered about his not being able to haul wood. Put old Tom to cutting and the ox carts to hauling.Finished the cotton today, am truly glad, will try to gin it up and send it off by the Kahukee [Roanoke River vessel] which came up Monday but am afraid the freshet will prevent. Sent Morgan to see about some articles brought up by the Kahukee to be delivered at Apple Tree, gone nearly all day and said that the articles were not to be found, had a hard time getting to the ferry had to go in a canoe 3 or 4 miles. Thos Thompson and Chas Urquhart came down today. Chas is on his way to his Father's farm. Gav sent me word by Thoas the Kahukee had left my goods at his landing. 24th Rain during the night and this morning. Quite a heavy rain. Stopped bout 12 o'clock. Went out hunting this evening with Chas. Found two flocks of birds. Chas shot 4 times but did not kill. Found a quantity of water on the ground. Ginning today. Part of the men hauling Daniel put the Barn gate, the balance raking up around the Lond (Sondo) cotton patch. Tapo sick Frances sick today with her jaw. 25th Cloudy this morning with slight rain. After breakfast went with Chas to see if he could get to Broadneck stopped at W.K.? Williams plantation and took his overseer Rodgers along as pilot. Found the freshet quite high et, but managed to get Chas to the plantation am afraid the river will rise again as the clouds have been running right for it. So the running over say…went to Woodville this evening after Miss Lock..nothing new…Millan, Cotton, Price sent word after dark that he will drive the hogs tomorrow ___ go with them, but shall feel uneasy until I hear they have crossed the river. Commenced raking up and composting at the Sarah Walker gate. Finished at the London cotton patch. Commenced raining again about night and has continued. Not very cold. Will try to take things moderate. 26th rain nearly all night and raining again today. Quite a cold rain, started the hogs this morning. Morgan carried them to Old Bens and waited for Price. I did not start until late, went by Robr's and met Price hogs at his gate. Price had 70 and there was 20 of mine…hope to get to Gav's tonight but think it doubtful and somewhat afraid can not cross the river at all. Am very sorry that they drove today, as it will compel them to be driving tomorrow (Sunday) and I am opposed to that. I ought not to have let Mine gone. There is never an excuse to drowning. I do not remember to have seen more continued cloudy and raining weather not more water and mud. Hope all things may work right before long that we may keep well and make a good crop. Chas came over this evening. Freshet rising about ½ inch an hour hogs to to Gavs rain continuing. Sunday 27th Morgan went to Gavs this morning returned at night hogs could not cross the river. Pensed at Gavs to hold on till the river goes down. Price's Wagon brought the blind Sugar and coffee. I did not expect any good to result from working on the Sabbath and am determined by the Grace of God assisting me to sin no more in that respect and I hope to remember the sting of a guilty conscience so that I may offend no more. Fair today and cold Chas went to Mr. Thompsons. 28th Went to Woodville this morning. Saw Millan out. Johnson told me that Henry Page died this morning. Was surprised as I saw him Friday afternoon and talked with him on some business. Saw Clarke and Bernard , Dr. Williams Crichlow, RJ. Veale Dr. G.S.P. Brinn, Mr.Thompson. Thos Thompson and Chas Urquart, O Watson staid until after 12 waiting for the mail, but did not come. Miss Lock last one of overshoes this mroning could not find. River on a stand. Fair and pleasant. Beautiful weather. Composting at Sarah Walker had the Catalpa tree at the gate cut down. Old Lundon shrubbing on the ditches expect to commence plowing in a day or two. 29th Rode out this morning to where the hands were at work composting on the Sarah Walker. Fair and beautiful weather. Chas come down this morning brought the mail and said that Millan had an attack of bleeding last night and this morning. Now raining steady--ginning, cotton drying fast. Started to see Rodging about getting into Broad Neck found him at his new ?ground..think it will be doubtful to get in tomorrow. 30th Fair and cool. Dr. Tom sent this morning to meet him at Prices. Chas went with Me and I sent Maren with him from Pirces pilot him to Broad Neck. Deep riding but Marten says he get in. Dr. Tom speaks of going to Gavin's Thurdsay night and carry the hogs or sale them to Gav. Says I must send Morgan and negros and a wagon. Painter came today. Painting the kitchen. I marked cotton bales this evening, to send by the John Syltes Friday. Heard that Millan was not expected to live through the day. I am very sorry indeed and hope that he may rally. Composting ditch bank near the New Road. Windy had some trees deaded and others cut down. Harried expects to go to VA on Friday. 31st Fair and cold this morning. Sent 18 bales cotton to Quitsney to be shipped by ? John Styles. Hope to get a good price . Harriet left this evening for Mr. Thompsons expecting to go to VA tomorrow. This was a day of accidents. Calvin had his head caught between the wagon wheels and a cotton bale this morning and hurt his nose badly. His wife Cary Ann run a splinter on her thumb and Jim Thur Altamon and before we knew of it he had a fit and another very soon. He is now some better and I hope will recover. Hank had to drive Harriet up to Woodville. I hope Merten can leave tomorrow, as Morgan went with the cotton to Quitsney. I had the hands and improve the time so as to clear up Bear garden...a place near Sarah Walker gate. He reported the river is rising... Dr. T.J.P. S. expected to stay with Gav tonight and get the hogs over tomorrow. I shall be truly glad if he does without accident. Feb 1 1861. Altamon much better this morning...running about. Mandy Hardy sick. Morgan left for Gav's this morning taking a wagon and 2 Negroes to assist in crossping the hogs over the river as the freshet has been falling a day. or two and the river is thought passable. Johnnie came over today to see us but Harriet being gone, and I not at the house he did not stop. Chas came also from Broad Neck went on to Woodville returned in the afternoon bringing the mail. GA has seceded from the Union. Cloudy this morning, a sprinkled during the day, rain at night, quiate a shower. Feb 2, 1861 Morgan sent for me about 1 o'clock in the night to see his wife. Had the headache quite bad but went over and remained until day. Could get no one else and so I said. Child born about 4 o'clock a boy. Got old Edy Bartley about day..sent her word if she didn't come i would hang her. Morgan says the hogs was crosed over about sunset..lost one drowned. Suppose it Price's but it may be one of mine. Dr. T. stayed with Gav Thursday night...Chas had breakfast about 7 1/2 o'clock an dleft for B. Neck. feeling very bad I thought to take a nap after breakfast, got to sleep but about 9 1/2 o'clock, Gav came looking for Chas to go to VA with him, had to send Menten for him and did not return until 3 o'clock, after more talk, consultations and c. they concluded to defer the trip till Monday and so Gav returned home and Chas to B. Neck. Composting on the old home ditch --near the 1st persimmon tree. Very warm and cloudy today, windy. Quite a storm or blow this evening--very dark, crash with thunder but mostly passing round. Mandy H. sick. raising the carriage house today. Expect to go to Woodville tomorrow as our First Quarterly Meeting will commence today. "Lord, Keep us safe this Night Secure from all our fears May Angels guard us while we sleep Til morning light appears". Sunday night, Feb 3, 1861. Rain last night and all day and raining at this time. Went out to see Mrs. Morgan this morning...found her better--returned to the house and have been shut up all day., expected to go to church this morning but rain prevented. Very lonesome, wife and children from home, no one to talk to, have read until I am tired. Confess to giving away too much to a worldly mind and evil thought. I pray to be forgiven. None can tell or imagine the sin that is in us. how far short of the commands of God we come and how much do I stand in need of the grace and assistance fo God and of his pardoning mercy for Jesus' Sake. I pray for Mercy and forgiveness for Christ sake and garce to help me love Him and keep his commandments. 4th 1861 Raining this morning, packed the last cottong, making 27 bales hope they make at least 14,000 lbs. I have sold 8 for 11 1/8 cts. Mr. Biggs writes that cotton is quiet not worst more than 11 3/4. Commenced ginning TJ Pugh's cotton. Killed the last hogs 4 or 5. So much wateer can do but little. Rain this morning. Put up the lane fence. Mrs. Clark and children, Miss Brodie came this afternoon. Very glad, as I was as lonesome as a setting hen. Sent ?Sereinty to the office. Millar no better. 5th Cloudy this morning. Sent Mentin of ten plank for the carriage house. Hiad? (M Cs Irvin) hauling wood--commmenced plowing in the hog lot. Very wet. Went hunting. Killed 2 ? Gav came this afternoon and says the river is rising fast. Chas staid with him last night and started home this morning. Spent the day much better than usual since Harriet left Miss Brodie quite lively. 6th Fair and cool this mroning. Gav's, myself rode out to take a view of the place. Showed him some improvement and what I wished done. Think it will be some time before the last is carried out. Plowing in the grain yard cut, composting on old house ditch. Mauling rails for the pasture. Robert came over this morning, rode with us. Menten went up after the load of planks for the carriage fence. Old Tom Sick. River rising and water running up the canal. Went in Saxon field this afternoon hunting. Shot twice and missed. Miss Brodie and Mrs. C. in good spirits today, had quite a jovial time. Miss Brodie (Gav says) is quite a knowing gal. Have not heard from Harriet since she left. 7th Gav wwent to Woodville this morning. Came back home in the afternoon, brought a letter from Harriet. Wishe me to send for her next Monday. All well and Mrs. Urquhart improving. Old Price came over this afternoon. Sent for to visit a Negro woman at Roberts. Water quite high, running in at Sarah Walker gate. River said to be fulling above. Merten hauling out ditch bank at the tall persimmon tree. Plowing in the old houst cut. 4 hand mauling rails 7 plowing and some making up a composting ditch bank. Fair and windy. Miss Brodie particularly lively. Gav. Mrs. C. & B left about 10 1/2 o'clock for JJ Pugh. One of his children was a little sick this morning. Gav does not expect to get home before the first of next week as the river ius still very high. Being very lonesome, I concluded to leave home, so told Sarah to get me some clothing and left for Woodville. Saw Johnson, paid me $200 which he had collected for Mr. Staid in Woodville Started for Dr. Toms. Very cold indeed before getting there. Overtook Dr. T and his oveerseer had been at work on the road. Found all well at Dr. T's. 9th Went to Windsor this morning with Dr. T. paid him of Calvin for the last grain $139.50 Also M? Fanny and Tayoor about $12. Fair and cool today. Sunday, 10th 1861 Remained at Dr. T's ...rode to his Mill. River falling. Went over to W.A. Pugh's in the afternoon, but he was not at home. 11th 1861 Feb C. went Windsor this morning--found quite a crowd. Gav and Iva Pugh, also Mr. Thompson, Johnson, and E. Baker caem there from Woodville. Paid for him of Cary Ann $65.76 paid Dr. S.B. Smith's his bill against T. J. Smith dec'd $55. Also his a/c Samllwood & Taylor $350. Paid Morgan his wages for last year $175. Also a/c for Harris $18.50. Mr. L. Thompson and T.J. Pugh were nominated as candidates for the convention..both Union men. Not extreme. 12th. Went to Windsor again this morning--not quite so large a crowd as yesterday. Gav in town as Witness. Pad W.P. Gurley $200 - a part of his a/c still owe him $134. Rain last night. Quite warm today. Stopped in to see S.E. Gurley who has another son -- named Charles. Octavia left the 8:15 for Washington. 13 Feb 1861 Fair this morning started ? arrived about 9 o'clock found Abram sick also old Shade. Shade has been sick about 5 or 6 days. Mary Sick. Went out in afternoon. Harriet and teh children arrive at home about 12 o'clock. All well excet S. Tom who has a bad cold. Mr. A.K. Williams came this afternoon. staid all night with us. 14 Feb 1861 Cloud and quite warm. Continued planting - finished composting from the new cotton land, also in front of the house, commenced now for the gin house cut, that is on the new ground ditch back of that cut. Abram went out today about to make a finish of the carriage house. Mr. Williams left this morning. Finished ginning and packing Thos J. Pugh's cottone 12:15 Made 9 bales. Commenced the lamp again tonight. Bought a gal of oil of Mr. Gurley 15 Feb 1861 Fair and very windy this morning. Rain last night with thunder and lightening. Plowing in front of the gum gate--raking up ditch bank as yesterday. Shade sick yet. Sarah Baker sick. Went to Woodville this evening after Miss Lock. Millan said to be better. Piad Stall $3. for kegs. paid Johnson and Millan & the Hardy's Tom Smith A/c/ Paid Daniel $5.20. Hook $1.85 today. Cool this evening. Harriet cut my hair tonight. Rain before 16 Feb 1861 Fair and mild this morning. Rode out this morning to show Miss Lock some spring. Took Mollie before me and Miss L behing on Jim. Miss L do not like the arrangement to __ but got in a good humor and took the ride quite pleasantly. Plowing and raking up ditch bank. Had T. ? planingt out Apple trees taht Harreit brought from VA. 10 wine saps, 5 Baltimore 5 Suning and 5 Simmonary seedlings. Set out last year about 107 here. Set out 3 peanut and 22 peaches trees today. Robt came over this afternoon, brought the buggy, Cloudy this afternoon and very windy. Almost if not quite a storm. Very windy at this time. 9 o'clock. pm. Paid Blaun $2. Sunday 17th Feb 1861 Cool windy and cloudy. Staid at home all day today. Did not go to church. Harriet remained at home alos. Monday 18th Feb 1861 Cold and cloudy. commenced beating out oats. Beat out about 50 bushes. Dic and Joe hauling rails. Plowing the field in front of the house. Settled the hog question with Abram this evening. Went to Woodville this morning. Carried wife and Lock. Quite a cold ride . Heard that Gav dam very badly broken by the freshet. The break about 100 yds ___ Miss Brodie was to leave Gav's this morning for home, Louisburg. Saw Drs. Crichlow, Coke and Bernard, Johnso. E. Watson, Thompson, Barrow, Ballance, TJ and JJ Pugh. No news. Heard that Mrs. Stark Sutton died last week. Sarah S. sick. Nan stuck a needle about w inchles long in her thigh, passed out of sight and about 1/2 in beyond the place when it went in had to cut down extract it wtih the forceps. Tuesday 19th 1861 Feb Cold and windy this morning. Frost last night. Warmer during the day, with signs of rain about night. 1 hands ditching Abram & Joe N. Commenced sowing oats in the Mill field. Laid out a new road across it. Sent Sumty to Woodville this morning. Rec'd a letter from K.B. & co. stating that they had sold my cotton for 11 1/8. had written yesterday not to sell. Expect to send 2 more bales tomorrow one of them badly stained. Will see what that will seel for. Putting up fence with 5 hands. Daniel putting up ?. Can't but up quite yet. Sent for tonight to go to Mrs. Urquharts but didn't go as I don't practice promiscously now. Wednesday 20 1861 Feb Rain last night stopped from Sowing oats and put up fence. Morgan carried the Sand and cottone to Apple Tree as the book was not there, he brought the Sand back. Continued ditching on the law and hog lot. Very wet and muddy. Sumity saw a white blackbird in a flock today. Shot them hoping to get it. Killed 4 but missed the white one. Made a rat trap to kill out a few of the very many we have will see in the "morning" how it works. Faired off. Wind blew as exepcted. Thursday 21 1861 Feb Fair, cold and very windy today, plowing this morn. Went out to see them but so windy had to leave, can stand cold and rain but have to cave in to suchblows as we have here, finished the law and hog lot ditches. Went to Eason's bridge and had 3 ditches cut thro the dam to let the water off the bottom. Hark, Dick, Joe B, Saucy, Susan dn Idy raking up ditch bank in the Gin house (Gate Pond) new ground. Julia, Marcus and King knocking down cotton stacks. Dainel fixing overseer's garden. Old Simon shouling off ditches. Whit and Tom finished putting up as amany blind as we have hinges for. Didn't catch a rat last night. Fri 22 1861 Feb Had the headache this morning and all day. Very bad this afternoon Drank 2 cups of coffee, eat fat meal for supper and now feel easier. Went to Woodvile this morning. Stayed til after mail time, took dinner with Mr. Balance Saw Dr. Tom sowing oats. Jos and abram cleaning out ditch back of the Apple orchard, Old Simon finished on this side fo the farm and commenced on the ? fence. Shipped the 2 bales cotton and ?(sand) today. Sent Whit Bartley $72. As Mitche had sent the Constable after him. Makes $120 that I have paid him he must now work it out. Sat 23 1861 Feb Sent Mertin to Woodville after some trees. Quince apple..returned about 12 o'clock. Set them in the afternoon. Warm and cloudy, rain in the evening and night turned cool Swoing oats again. Part of the hands putting up fences. Henry Urquhart came by this evening, stopped short time and went to Mr. J.B. Urquahart's farm in The Marches.\ Whit and Tom getting timbers for portch and wash house. Sun 24 Feb 1861 Cloudy and cool All went up to the Methodist Church at Woodville. heard a sermon from Mr. Williams . returned home to dinner. Saw Gav and John Hilliard, Mrs. C's brother, Left Mss Lock at Mrs. T's. Mon 25 Feb 1861 Fair and cold this morning. Ground frozen and plenty of ice, Plowing in Eason's as it is about the driest place. 4 hands mauling rails at Eason's Bridge. Daniel putting up fence around the stables and cirbs. Merten preparing land for Irish potatoes. Whit and Tom fixing the garden so as to keep out the hogs and keep in peace. Set out a pecan tree near the kitchen. Sent Sumley to Woodvile after the mail. Rec's a letter from Mr. Biggs saying that he rec'd my letter ordering him not to see my cotton before it was deliverd and so had not sold it. I instituted another..so ? is our hadn? and no telling when or at what price it will be sold. Sure hope for the best. Abram Lincoln will be inaugurated as president next Monday. Jeff David was inaugurated President of the Southern Confederacy last week. So we ? two Presidents at one time. What will be the end none can tell. Tues 26 Feb 1861 Cold this morning and fair. but turned warmer and clouded up this morning and looks like rain soon. Some commenced haulting ditch bank. __ the rain yard the 2 ox and one horse cart. Abram and Joe commenced ditching again near the old gin house. Hank, Saucy and Edy clearing a ditch across Beech Island. finished breaking up Eason' except bottom, they being too wet about 11 o'clock and went out to Beech Ixsland. Found that two wet except on the hills. The ditches that Hank is at work on have not been cleared out,, he says in 20 years, baddly grown up and in fact the bad condition of the ditching, drowned land and so much to do before a good crop can be mady by almost made me despair of every doing anything with the farm. Daniel fixing up the lot yet. Perry and Calvin mauling rails have nearly enough. Sent to Dr. Tom's this morning fro the potatoes but did not quite finish planting them. Wed 27th Feb 1861 Fair this morning, very glad to see it. Finished the potatoes. finished plowing in Beech Island few days. Thurs 28th Feb 1861 Flushed cotton land by the old gin house and garden fence finished. Then also commenced raking the stubble land on New Road. Finished st---- of ditch across Beech island. Daniel putting up ban? at Eason's Bridge. Stopped the ox cart this afternoon and hauled rails around the grove fence. Silas shrubbing fence round Eason, Old Sonnon cutting outs for Hensley yesterday afternoon and today. Joe and Abram continue ditch-- Hank, Sucy and Edy spreading ditch bank before the plowing Sauna has been sick and not out this week. Calvin and Perry still mauling rails..horse cart continues as yesterday. Robt came this evening staid a short time. Lincoln has arrived (so the papers say) at Washington City Fair and warm today. ground drying fast. Driest now thant it has been sin 1st Jan. Went to Woodville this morning ____ (5 times). Saw L. Thompson and H. Pugh. Went by Robt carried Harriet and Mattie. spent the morning R. Would not go to Woodville. Returned about 12 o'clock plowing on the new road Left hand side. Ox carts hauling agin this evening. Sauna out this morning. continue to ditch as yesterday. Lenny, Hank, Silas and Sauna and Edy putting up grove fence. Calvin and Perry made a finish at Eason Bridges. Sent Settun to R. Bigs and Co. Fri. Mar 1 1861 Fair and pleasant today. Harriet and the children went to Gave this morning..disliked very much for her to leave home as I wish to pay attention the the farm and cannot well stand it alone. Finished plowing on the newq road and commenced bedding up thecotten at the tall persimmon tree, will plant oats tomorrow. Hank and 3 stay on Beach Island ditch--raking it up Abram and Jos continue the ditch, finished clearing out and now cutting it ..fell in a ditch 3 ft deep today and that nearly full of water. Sat Mar 2, 1861 Fair and warm today got up very early. Think it is a very good plan and shall try to keep it up. Sowing oats today. Running 9 plows finished sowing the Mill field and went out to Little Crick. Abram and Joe finished the ditch about sunset. Daniel putting bridge on cross ditch. Went .....began to abstract Sunday Mar 3, 1861 Stayed at home today. Fair and mild. Harriet and the children returned home attended church at Woodville. Reported the arrival of Dr. Hardy from GA. also the death of Mrs. Bronson, wife of the Episcopalian minister who preached in Woodville and Windsor for several years Mon Mar 4, 1861 The day of old Abe's inauguration. Hop e we shall have peace. got up early this morning and the Negros getting in late from the ? - stirred them up. Commenced hauling with 3 horses and 2 ox carts... Went to Woodville this morning, cloudy and no telling when or at what price. Lincoln inaugurated he goes in for coercion 8th. Quite sick last night and sick today. Sent Merten after Miss Lock, 10th Sunday Mar 1861 11th Monday Mar 1861 Carried Miss Lock to school and waited for mail. Nothing very encouraging for peace. Cotten declining and mine not sold. Returned about 1 o'clock 13th Wed Mar 1861 Uncle Tom Pug came down this mroning and staid with us until after 3 pm Mary Winney sick today 14th Thurs Mar 1861 Dr. Tom came down from Mrs. R's. staid until about 4 o'clock. 15th Thur Mar 1861 Mary Winney sick yet 16th Fri Mar 1861 Mary Winney is said to be better, but I have not seen her today. 17th Sunday, cloudy a little Harriet went to church carried the children and Sallie Tom was baptized by Mr. Watters. (Sarah Thomas born ?) 18th Snowing. 19th Sent Big Adam to the P.O. got yesterday's mail Nothing doing. Sallie Tom has had a tooth (the first one) for several days. One year ago today Mrs. France A.G. Pugh, wife of TJPugh died from sudden hemorrhage of the lungs, did not live to exceed 15t min after being attacked. 20th Wed. 1861 Mar Eleven years ago this day at 12 o'clock M. Harrite J. Clark and I were married. We dined at L. Thompson and boarded with TJ Pugh til 1st Jan 1853. Went to houskeeping in Woodvile and reamined til Jan 1 1861. When we moved to the Indian Woods. We have lived the past 11 years as well as mortals should expect have had some jars occaionally but nothing I trust to lessen our live and respect for each other. WE have had a share of the anxieties, troubles, and sorrows fully to the lot of mortals...have had 7 children & buried 4, whom we trust to meet again in that bright world that knows no parting. We have 3, all girls, all of whom we hope will be an honor to the sex..to the name they bear. We have lost several of the Negros 5 valuable ones, but the Lord has blessed us wtih too many blessings to require health. The greatest of all earthly blessing has been our portion for most of the time. Wed 20th March 1861 Bishop Atkinon preaching in Woodville today. Harriet went up 22th Harriet and children went to Dr. Tom's yesterday afternoon, not returned yet. 24th No rain today. fair windy. Went to the Methodist this morning heard a good sermon from Mr. Williams. 25th Took Miss Lock to Woodville. Saw Dr. Bernard, Wiliams and Crichlow, E. Watson, T.J and JJ Pugh. L. Thompson and Jno Fraim. Went up as far as Browns shop. Whitehead has put up a store there. Mr. Millan has been sick so long at Mr. Lee's left yesterday for home. Dr. Coke going with him. Johnston has gone north after goods. 26th.. Sat Night Mar 30, 1861 Finished the gin house cotton sat about 11 oclock this morning 31st Sun. No church at Woodville. Staid home. Dr. Tom and his boys came this morning and spent the day with us. Robt came over, but returned to dinner. Have talked and thought too much of mortal things. Fair and Cool April 1 Mon Went to Woodville, carried Miss Loc but few of the people -- decidedly a dull concern, left as soon as I got the mail. April 2 Mrs Morgan quite sick today and tonight. April 3 Mrs. Morgan quite sick. Sent for Dr. Bernard. W. Walton passed through the farm today, says he has not planted corn. Sarah Baker sick. Whit & Tom on wash house since Monday evening. April 4th Thur 1861 Finisehd rolling logs in Simmon Marsh just before night. Hank then right up law fence. Mrs. Morgan still quite sick. Dr. B. came this morning. Sarah still sick. April 5th Mr & Mrs. Walton spend the afternoon with us. Mr. Price came also. April 6, 1861 ==== April 12, 1861 Siss, Traxton, Nelson, Sarah - plowing Hank, Calvin, Perry, Saucy, Sama, Mary Winney, Charity, Aggy, Cary Ann, Little Nelson, Whit, King, Julia, Dilly, Sonnon = dropping & planting corn today. April 13, 1861 Went to Woodville to get mail--gloomy times ahead --war is thought inevitable. May God in Mercy avoid it. Called to see Cousin Charity Pugh's little daughter, Mary. Thos Thompson came down this morning and spent the day. Robt came over in afternoon. They both think most of corn stands a bad chance to come up. River out. Very windy today. Miss Lock and Mattie went to M. Ferilee and stayed out rather late. Fear Mattie wil have the croup. Harriet , the children and myself walked to the graveyard. 15th Waited for the mail papers state that War has begun at Charleston-Fort Sumpter was attacked the 12th. Joy go with it. Harriet and the children except Miss Lock went to Dr. Tom's this afternoon and from there she expected to go to Windsor tomorrow trading. Feel lonesome tonight. Lost a note today of George St____? for $115. I think, hope to find it again. Laura sick today. 16th Heavy rain again last night- put all hands to spreading manure in Walnut tree and old gin house lot, except Siss and 3 other laying off in Beecah Island Cotton lot. Brought a letter from Mr. R.B. & Co showing due me from them $150.87. K. Biggs owes me $93 which makes it $1043. 17th T. Thompson and Henry Uquhart came down. T. returned by Henry staid with us. Harriet returned from Dr. T. all well. Went to Windsor yesterday. 19thWent to Windsor this afternoon. J.B. Lee said quite powerless, has assistance go go from one room to the other. S. Cotten had a Negro killed last night by a tree falling on him. Saw Mr. Cotten. Soaked wel.. War news in abundance. Lincoln has called on the Gov of N.C. for two rigs which the Gov very rightly refused to furnish. expect hot work ahead. 20th Went to Dr. Tom's early and with him to Windsor. Everybody excited about the War news. Will know in the next 10 or 20 days what to expect apprehend War in times. Sat night April 20th 21st A.M. went to Woodville this Harriet dined with Mrs. Thompson. I dined with Dr. Bernard. I intended to return here to dinner but hearing that T.J. Pugh was sick, I remained to see him. Harriet and the children also went to see him. Fair and pleasant . 22nd. Commenced planting cotton this morning in Jack lot, etc. War news very stirring to feelings, quite a riot in Balti last week. Virginia seceeded last Wednesday. NC will go next but when is the question wil she be bettered! I can't say tis something we have --- indeed to see the distracted state of teh country, but my sorrow will not mend matters. 23rd. Bib Silas stampede among the Negros lst night and this morning 8 run off without provocation. Calvin and his wife(hired), Big Nelson, Short Iva, Charity, Sarah, Mandy N and Dick. Looked for all day but found nothing. 24th went out last night saw 4 or 5 of the runaways but could not get them. Got a bag of clothes. War news getting quite serious. The Virginians have taken the Navy Yard at Norfolk. The Old Pennsylvania and several other government vessels burned by order of Lincoln. Gov Ellis has called an extra session of the legislature to meet the 1st of May. What the end will be I can not see, but hope for the best. 25th Continued planting corn, etc. Horse nearly mired in Squire Pugh's pasture, I fell off and got a ducking--getting low down. 26th Continued as yesterday finished old gin house but and commenced on planting on the lower. T.J. Pugh stays with us tonight. 27th Went to Windsor. Call for Volunteers 28th Harriet and the children went to church. I staid home. Jno Bryan came over this afternoon. Jos B. Lee no better. War news not very encouraging. Dick came home this morning. Harriet had a chill about 4 oc'k and now high fever. I am sorry indeed had hoped that all would be well. 30th Harriet better today, up this afternoon. May 1, 1861. War news still looking quiet gloomy expcet awful times ahead. 2nd Gav and Nez Thompson called this morning, staid about 2 hours. Harriet says (I was not at the house all the time they remained) drank about a qt of Nash Brandy. Jno Bryan came in afternoon and remained an hour or two. Harriet a chill after night and was quite sick. 3rd Went to Woodville. Dr. Coke left for Raleigh to stand an examination for surgeon for the amry. War news still gloomy. Virginia forms the Southern Confederacy. N.C. Legislature met last Wednesday. The 1st called a convention. Election for delegates takes place the 13th when she will slide out of the Union like a shot out of a shovel. 4th Went to R's this morning, carried the children R. had gone to Woodville to attend a meeting of the militia, which met to elect officers. Continue all things as yesterday. Saturday night May 4th. 5th Harriet missed a chill. 6th Went to Woodville, carried Miss Lock. Waited for the mail. Bad news. Maryland said to be disfavored to stay in the Union. No active fighting since Sumter was taken. Went in to see Mr Lee today. Don't think he can live long. I saw saveral wagons from Halifax going down after fish. Made a finish of hauling manure for this spring. 7th Put all hands except Silas to spreading manure at Sarah Walker gate. Sent Mentin to Gavins tonight after a bbl of lour sent from Norfolk some time ago. Nothing eatable can now be bought in Norfolk. All Southern ports blocked by the U.S. Went over to R's this morning. Saw him and Wm Waltton. 8th Went to Windsor today, spend $25.15. Mustered for the first time in my life. about 175 volunteers in the county. Thos Thompson, Jno Crichlow, Jesse Jordan, and the Blackston boys, Jno Woodborn, and Bob Carter volunteered from the Woodville District. 10th Went to Windsor. paid J. Crichlow, H.S. & J.D. Williams a/c $112.69. The last money expect to pay in sometime. R. came over this evening. Mrs. Thompson came down and brought Miss Lock. Went to Dr. Tom's in the wagon this afternoon. 12th Sunday. did not go to church. Did not spend teh Sabbath profitably. Sarah S. up today. Old George got down again today fear he will die after all. 13th Went to Woodville this morning as Mrs. Ballance was quite sick. Mrs. B. did not each school, brought Miss Lock back. Election for candidates for the convention to meet in Raleigh the 20th. Jas Bond adn Col J.B. Spruill the only candidates -- both for sucession. Capt Fraim wishes to muster his company but they were quite ____ Gov 15th Nothing more about the war. No fighting. Mrs. Ballance said to be at the point of death. Walked over Squire Pugh's plantation, saw nothing. Mrs. Ballance died at 4 oc'k this afternoon. 16th Mr. A.B. Urquhart and Henry dined with us today and left this afternoon for Mr. Thompons. Did not see them as R came this morning and went with himt to Rascoe's Mill fishing, caught 4 or 5 and I none--poor business for farmers. Rhea at Jos J Pugh's chopping cotton also old Price 17th Mr. J.B. Lee died about midnight. 18th Went to Woodville Harriet went with me. Capt Fraim mustered the Woodville Milita. That is he got M.P. Bishop to do it for him, did not go in ranks as I had quite a sore neck and shoulder and tis no better. Mr. Lee will be preached over tomorrow by A.M. Craig at 9 o'clock and that of T.J. Smith who died the 15th of Oct last by Mr. Watkins at 11 in the Epsicopal Church, I returned to dinner. 21st Mrs. Ruffin Mrs Hamlin, Ann Ruffin and little Willie Hill visited us today. Jno Bryan called in. Rodger came over this afternoon. Harriet up toady. The baby had fever from teething we think yesterday but better today. 22nd. Went to Woodville. waited for the mail War news a little brisk. The Kahukee was fired into last Saturady below Norfolk by a U.S. Vessel, but not hit. The fire was returned by a battery & six U.S. sailors said to be killed. We shall have a general fight now I supposed. Harriet had the return of a chill about 4 o'clock this afternoon. 23rd Went over to the mill fishing, caught a feew, carried my gun, killed squirrels. Harriet better today. 24th Jno Bryan, W.T. Bond, Jas Powell, Rodger and several others took a big hunt doayd but killed nothing all day. 25th Went to Windsor this morning. Harriet and the children visited Mrs. Hamlin. 26th Went to church this morning heard Mr. Williams. Went to Gavs to see Mr. C. 27th Carried Miss Lock to school. Mrs. Thompson was to leave for Raleight oday to bring Mary Bond and Patttie. Mr. Ballance wishes to sell his place. Dr. Bernard wished to buy. Bought a six shooter from Mr. Whitehead for which I gave him $30. Jas Powell took dinner with us today. 28th I should have said before the NC Convention met the 20th - seceeded and joined the Southern Confederacy same day. Jas Powell and myself went to Roanoak fishing this afternoon, caught nothing. 29th Went ot Martin. Rodgers went with me. 30th Volunteers left yesterday for ______(can't read) May 31st Aggie's child died today. June 1, 1861 continue planting cotton. Aggy was not at work today. 2nd Went to church in Woodville. sermon by Mr. Watley. dined with T.J. Pugh Sent for about night to see Dr. Tom who was said by the boy to be nearly dead went in a hurry, dorve Jim to his best and found him suffering from an attack of vertigo staid all night and returned home to dinner. Carried Miss Lock to Mr. T's in afternoon. 3rd Got the mail. War news still gloomy and getting worse. No hopes of peace. 4th Quite a heavy rain this afternoon. 5th Mary Bond, Pattie Thompson, ? Griffin and Miss Lock came down today returned this afternoon. 7th Still too wet to plant. Went to Woodville in afternoon for Miss Lock. Called at the old home to see Mrs. Clark as Gav has rented it from Ballance for the summer. 8th Gave the Negros a resting spell this afternoon. Went to Woodville Militia. Jas Powell came over this afternoon. 9th Sunday staid at home. 10th Harriet and children left this morning to spend a month or so in Woodville at J.J. Pughs 12th Went to Woodville about 4 o'ck found Harriet and children well. Mary Bond, Pattie Thompson visited Harriet after I reached. I staid all night. 13th Paid Mrs. Laura Williams $25 for teaching Miss Lock. Paid Mr. Ballance $15 for her tuition. Mr. B paid a note due est J.J. Smith $17. This day was appointed by Pres Davis as a day of fasting and prayer throught the Southern States. 16th Went to the Methodist Church heard a sermon by Rev Mr. Williamson. Text: "What shall it profit a man to gain the whole world and lose his soul". 17th Child of R's died yesterday and remained to see it buried. Quite a battle last Mondy near ?orkton Virginia between Southern and Northern Armyy in which the 1st Reg of N.C. Volunteer men engaged. The N.C. Reg 1 - only 20th Went to Windsor. Gen'r Muster's Company volunteers formed about 80 under Capt Cherry. Capt Garrett also getting up a company of regular militia. 21sth Went to Woodville in afternoon staid all night and did not return till Monday. 22nd went to fish fry at Mr. Griffin's Mill. Was taken quite sick while there, staid nearly all day and but for the sickness would have enjoyed myself. Present at the fish fry: Mrs Charity Pugh, Laura, Henry and Ted her children. Mrs T. B. Hardy and 2 children. Mrs. G.H. Clark. Miss Lydia Hardy, Misses B & W Watson, Miss Henlie Lee. Miss Sallie Canten, Mr and Mrs Griffin, Miss Jennie Griffin, Sam Oscot, Ga & G.H.C. and W.S. Pugh, E. Watson, Dr. H.F. Williams, Whitehead, S. Cotten, Johnston and the writer. Miss S. Carter wished to dance with Mr. Ga, he would not, so she danced alone. She is said to be about 53 years old. 23 Preaching by Mr. Williamson today. I didn't attend. Harriet and children went with Mrs. T's girls. 25th The little girls of Woodville held a fair but I did not attend. 27th Dr. Tom came this morning. Lock came with him. 28th Went to T.J. Pugh's found all well except Harriet who has a sty and Sallie with a sore tongue. 30th Went to Sabbath School and prayer Meeting at St. Frances Church Monday July 1, 1861 July 4th Went to Windsor this morning, paid the baliff taxes for 1860 $129.73. Paid T.J. Smith's taxes $3.64. Mr. Mcllanah, Frances, Sammy and the young one came out from Tenne yesterday, saw them at short time at Robt's. I dined with Sallie Gurley also Dr. Tom. 7th Went to Sunday School at St. Frances Church and then to Grace church and heard a sermon from Mr. Watters. Saw Mary B. and Pattie Thompson, they leave Ruesday fro school at Dr. Smeady's. Harriet did not attend church. 14th The Cannery heard Sunday men from U.S. vessel firing at Hatteras and that neighborhood ADDED LATER July 8th 1875 Many changes since the above was written. I have lost 2 children, had 3 born to me friends have died and cruel war has desolated the country from which we will not recover in many years. Today I am moving from this place (plantation) have bought and built a small home in Woodville. I am trying to farm on a small scale. But amidst all the difficulties and troubles that I have had to encounter, God has continued His blessings and mercies and today find me on mercy side fo the grace blessed with food and rainment and tolerable health. 4 children and wife one grand daughter, may God continue his providence and blessings to us and may we show our appreciation of His mercy by an humble consistant Christian walk and conversation. ADDED LATER Aug 4, 1894 19 years ago the above was written. It has pleased God to spare me and my 4 children, but my wife _____ S__ and Mary, very many of my friends and relations have been taken. Dr. Tom & Robt. I am almost alone, when I think of Harriet, Dr. T. and R. T__, Thompson, Dr. Griffin and many others who have died since 1875, I pray to be ready when the time comes for me to go. Aug 15, 1895 Sister Winney died Aug 13, 1895 aged 73 & 9 days one mont of