From The Gazetteer of the State of New Hampshire (in three parts), 
compiled from the best authorities, by Eliphalet Merrill and the Late 
Phinehas Merrill, Esq.,
Printed by C. Norris & Co. , Exeter, NH, ©1817, pg 57-58

Part I - General View- History

1680 - This year, a royal government was established in New Hampshire by commission 
from Charles 2d.  The commission arrive at Portsmouth on the first day of January.  John 
Cutts was appointed president for the first year, and Richard Martin, William Vaughn, 
Thomas Daniel of Portsmouth, John Gilman of Exeter, Christopher Hussey of Hampton, 
and Richard Waldron of Dover, esquires, were appointed counselors.  A code of laws was 
then established, the first of which was of a character becoming freemen; and it provided, 
that "no act, imposition or ordinance should be made or imposed upon them but such as 
should be framed by the assembly, and approved by the president and council."  The 
president, council, and assembly were constituted a supreme court of judicature.  A jury 
was called whenever desired by the parties.  Inferior courts were established at Dover, 
Portsmouth, and Hampton.  The military arrangement consisted of one foot company in 
each town, one company of artillery at the fort, and one troop of horse, all under the 
command of Major Waldron.
	A remarkable comet made its appearance in November of this year, and 
disappeared sometime in the next February.  Another appeared in August and continued 
until September.  From June, 1680, to April, 1681, there were entered at Portsmouth 
twenty-two ships, eighteen ketches, one shallop, and one fly boat.  In 1682, there were 
eleven six-pounders at the fort, and five more at the upper part of Portsmouth, not 
mounted the property of private individuals.
	From 1680, to 1685, Edward Cranfield was governor and Walter Barefoot deputy 
governor.








Submitted by T.C. Parziale 5/30/00
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