OHIO STATEWIDE FILES OH-FOOTSTEPS Mailing List *********************************************************************** USGENWEB NOTICE: These electronic pages may NOT be reproduced in any format for profit or presentation by other organization or persons. Persons or organizations desiring to use this material, must obtain the written consent of the contributor, or the legal representative of the submitter, and contact the listed USGenWeb archivist with proof of this consent. The submitter has given permission to the USGenWeb Archives to store the file permanently for free access. *********************************************************************** OH-FOOTSTEPS-D Digest Volume 99 : Issue 827 Today's Topics: #1 RE: OH-FOOTSTEPS-D Digest V99 #826 [Diana Lynne ] #2 Fw: Bio History -- Know your Ohio ["Maggie Stewart" To: OH-FOOTSTEPS-L@rootsweb.com Message-ID: <01BF3E69.071D1D60.topdog@raex.com> Subject: RE: OH-FOOTSTEPS-D Digest V99 #826 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit unsubscribe -----Original Message----- From: OH-FOOTSTEPS-D-request@rootsweb.com [SMTP:OH-FOOTSTEPS-D-request@rootsweb.com] Sent: Saturday, December 04, 1999 1:29 PM To: OH-FOOTSTEPS-D@rootsweb.com Subject: OH-FOOTSTEPS-D Digest V99 #826 << Message: Untitled Attachment >> << Message: Abbott's History of Ohio - chapter 23 >> ______________________________ ------------------------------ X-Message: #2 Date: Sat, 4 Dec 1999 20:30:53 -0500 From: "Maggie Stewart" To: OH-FOOTSTEPS-L@rootsweb.com Message-ID: <066b01bf3ec0$5faed700$0300a8c0@local.net> Subject: Fw: Bio History -- Know your Ohio -- Ohio in the Civil War Pt 12A Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit ----- Original Message ----- From: kathi kelley To: Sent: Sunday, November 21, 1999 12:41 AM Subject: Bio History -- Know your Ohio -- Ohio in the Civil War Pt 12A *********************************************** Historical Collections Of Ohio From the diaries of S.L. Kelley Know your Ohio by Darlene E. Kelley ********************************************** Ohio in the Civil War --Part 12.A It would be impossible to make an exact count of the number of all the men who entered the National Army from Ohio during the war for the preservation of the Union. Those embraced in regimental and company organizations of the State, of course,can be counted, and wtth some degree of accuracy, followed to the time of death, discharge, or final mustering out; but these organizations did not any means include all the patriotic citizens of Ohio who left peaceful homes to incur the risks of battle for the maintenance of national authority. Five regiments credited to West Virginia were made up in large part of Ohio men; the same said of two regiments credited to Kentucky; also of the Fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth Massachusetts Colored Infantry, and of two regiments of United States colored troops. In addition to those enrolled in regiments credited to other States, thousands entered the gun-boat service, of whom Ohio has no record, while thousands enlisted in the regular Army. From the best prepared statistics of the Provost Marshal General and Adjutant General of the U.S.A. and the Adjutant General of Ohio. excluding re-enlistments, ' squirrel-hunters' and militia, and including a low estimate for regular enlistments in the army and navy not credited to Ohio, it is found that Ohio furnished of her citizens 340.000 men of all arms of the service for war; reduced to a department standard, they represent 240,000 three year soldiers. The State contributed in organized regiments: 26 regiments of Infantry----for 3 months. 43 regiments of Infantry----for 100 days. 2 regiments of Infantry -----for 6 months. 27 regiments of infantry ----for 1 year. 117 regiments of infantry -- for 3 years. 13 regiments of cavalry ---- for 3 years. 3 regiments of artillery ----- for 3 years. To these should be added 26 independant batteries of artillery. 5 Independant companies of Cavalry. 6,536 Ohio soldiers were killed outright in battle. 4,674 were mortally wounded and died in hospitals. 13,354 died of disease contracted in the service. In brief, 84 Ohio soldiers out of every 1,000 enlisted men lost their lives in the civil war. The loss of Ohio Officers is known to have reached 872, nearly 10% of the grand total of Officers. In the 231 regiments, 26 independant batteries of artillery, and 5 independant companies of cavalry which entered the field from Ohio, there were but 8,750 drafted men; all other members of the organizations referred to being volunteers. *********************************************** Officers-- Key-- *** west point graduates. @@ those having brevet rank of Major- General. Generals who were born in Ohio-- Ulysses S. Grant-- Brn at Point Pleasant, Ohio, April 27,1822.*** William T. Sherman, Brn at Lancaster, Ohio, Feb. 8,1820. *** Philip H. Sheridan, Brn at Somerset, Ohio, March 6, 1831. *** Major-Generals who were born in Ohio-- Don Carlos Buell, Brn Lowell, Ohio, March 23, 1818.*** George Crook, Brn Montgomery county,Ohio, Sept.8,1828.*** George A. Custer, Brn Harrison County, Ohio, December 5, 1839. *** Quincy A. Gillmore, Brn Lorin County, Ohio, Feb. 28, 1825.*** James A. Garfield, Brn Cuyahoga County, Ohio, Nov. 19,1831. James B. Mc Pherson, Brn Clyde, Ohio, Nov. 14, 1828. *** Irwin McDowell, Brn Columbus, Ohio Oct 15,1818. *** Alex McD, McCook. Brn Columbina County, Apr. 22, 1831. *** William S. Rosecrans, Brn Delaware county, Sept. 6, 1819. *** David S. Stanley, Brn Wayne county, June 1, 1828.*** Robert C. Schenak, Brn Warren county, Oct 4, 1809. Wager Swayne, Brn Columbus, Ohio, 1835. Godfrey Weitzel, Brn Cincinnati, Ohio Nov. 1, 1835. *** Major- Generals Resident in Ohio but born elsewhere.--- Jacob D. Cox, Brn in New York, Oct 27, 1828. William B. Hazen, Brn Vermont, Sept. 27, 1830. *** Morimer D. Leggett, Brn New York, Apr. 19, 1831. George B. McClellan, Brn Pennsylvania, Dec. 3, 1826. *** O.M. Mitchel, Brn Kentucky, Aug. 28, 1810. *** James B. Steedman, Brn Pennsylvania. July 30, 1818. *********************************************** to be continued in part B-- ______________________________ ------------------------------ X-Message: #3 Date: Sat, 4 Dec 1999 20:32:24 -0500 From: "Maggie Stewart" To: OH-FOOTSTEPS-L@rootsweb.com Message-ID: <067101bf3ec0$9556cd40$0300a8c0@local.net> Subject: Fw: Bio History-- Know Your Ohio -- Ohio In the Civil War -- Pt 12B Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit ----- Original Message ----- From: kathi kelley To: Sent: Saturday, November 27, 1999 12:57 AM Subject: Bio History-- Know Your Ohio -- Ohio In the Civil War -- Pt 12B *********************************************** Historical Collections of Ohio From the diaries of S.L. Kelley Know your Ohio by Darlene E. Kelley. *********************************************** Ohio in the Civil War --Part 12 B. Continuation of Generals of Ohio. Key-- *** West Point Graduates. @@ those having Brevet rank of Major-General. Brigadier-Generals born in Ohio--; William T.H.Brooks-- Brn in New Lisbon, Ohio, Jan 28,1821. *** William W. Burne-- Brn in Coshocton, Ohio, Sept 3,1825. *** Henry B. Banning-- Brn in Knox county, Ohio, Nov 10,1834. @@ C.P. Buckinghan--Brn Zanesville, Ohio, Mar. 14, 1808. *** John Beatty-- Brn Sandusky, Ohio. Dec. 16, 1828. Joel A. Dewey-- Brn Ashtabula, Ohio. Sept. 20, 1840. Thomas H. Ewing-- Brn Lancaster. Ohio, Aug. 7, 1829. @@ Hugh B. Ewing-- Brn Lancaster, Ohio, Oct.31,1826. @@ James W. Forsyth, Brn Ohio. 1835 *** Robert S. Granger,--Brn Zanesville, Ohio, May 24,1816. *** @@ Kenner Garrard,-- Brn Cincinnati, Ohio, 1830. *** @@ Charles Griffin, -- Brn Licking County, Ohio, 1827. *** @@ Rutherford B. Hayes,--Brn Delaware, Ohio, Oct 14, 1822. @@ J. Warren Keifer. -- Brn Clark County, Ohio, Jan 30, 1836. @@ William H. Lytle, -- Cincinnati, Ohio, Nov 2, 1826. John S. Mason,-- Brn Steubonville, Ohio, Aug 21,1824, *** Robert L. McCook,-- Brn New Lisbon, Ohio, Dec 28,1827 Daniel McCook, -- Brn Carrollton, Ohio, July 22,1834. John G. Mitchell, --Brn Piqua. Ohio, Nov 6, 1838. Nathaniel C. McLean.-- Brn Warren County, Feb 2,1815. Emerson Opdycke, -- Brn, Trumbell County, Jan 7, 1830, @@ Benjamin F. Potts,-- Brn, Carroll county, Jan 29,1836. A. Sanders Piatt,-- Brn, Cincinnati, Ohio, May 2, 1821. James S. Robinson.-- Brn, Mansfield, Ohio, Oct 11,1828. @@ Ben P. Runkle,-- Brn West Liberty, Ohio, Sept 3,1836. @@ J.W. Reilly,-- Brn Akron, Ohio. May 21.1828. William Sooy Smith,--Brn Pickaway county. July 22,1830. *** Joshua Sill, -- Brn Chillicothe, Ohio, Dec 6, 1831. *** John P. Slough,-- Brn Cincinnati, Ohio,1828. Ferdinand Van DeVeer, -- Brn Butler county, Feb 27,1823. Charles R. Woods, -- Brn Licking county, Ohio. *** @@ Williard Warner, -- Brn Granville, Ohio. Sept 4,1826. @@ William B. Woods, -- Brn Lickng county, Ohio, @@ Charles C. Walcutt,-- Brn Columbus,Ohio, Feb 12,1838. @@ M. S. Wade, --Brn Cincinnati, Ohio, Dec 2, 1802. Brigadier- Generals--Resident in Ohio, but Born elsewhere; Jacob Ammen,-- Brn in Virginia, Jan 7, 1808. *** Samuel Beautty. -- Brn in Pennsylvania, Sept 16,1820. @@ B.W. Brice,-- Brn in Virginia, 1809. *** Ralph P. Buckland,--Brn in Massachusetts, Jan 20, 1812. H.B. Carrington,--Brn in Connecticut, March 2, 1824. George P. Este, Brn in New Hampshire, April 30,1830. Manning F. Force,-- Brn in Washington, D.C., Dec. 17,1824. @@ John W. Fuller, --Brn in England, July 1827. @@ Charles W. Hill, --Brn in Vermont. @@ August V. Kautz, --Brn in Germany, Jan 5, 1828. @@ George W. Morgan, --Brn in Pennsylvania William H. Powell, --Brn in South Wales, May 10, 1825. E.P. Scammon,-- Brn in Maine, Dec 27,1816. *** Thomas Kilby Smith, --Brn Massachusetts, 1821. John W. Sprague, -- Brn in New York, April 4 1827.@@ Erastus B. Tyler, --Brn New York.@@ John C. Tibball, --Brn Virginia. *** @@ August Willich, -- Brn in Prussia, 1810. @@ General Eli Long for a time Colonel 4th Ohio Calvery; General S.S. Carroll, for a time Colonel 8th Ohio Infantry; and General Charles G. Harker, first Colonel of the 65th Ohio Infantry, are not included in the above list, for the reason that they were officers of the regular army, and neither by birth nor residence Ohio men. It would hardly be safe for a reader in search of truth to assume that rank at all times, or generally, indicated the relative merit of officers in the volunteer service. Bevet rank conferred neither additional pay nor authority,and near the close of war the government was prodigal of gifts which cost it nothing, and of such gifts gave freely to all for whom they were asked. On the other hand it would be a mistake to conclude that some of those brevetted were not justly entitled to greater honors and compensation than many whose rank was higher and commands larger. It is but natural for governors to provide well for those nearest to them officially and otherwise, for senators and representatives to be partial to their kinfolk and following, and for victorious generals to think first of their intimate personal friends. Still the honors were as fairly awarded as those in civil life. Accident, opportunity, family and social influence, when favorable, are important helps in war, as well as in love, politics and business. It will be observed that the graduates of West Point kept well to the front during the war. They were educated for this purpose, and the government exercised its authority wisely when it sustained them even under circumstances which would have been deemed sufficient to retire a volunteer officer in disgrace. It may be truthfully said, also, that the officers of the regular army, with few exceptions, sustained each loyally, and never permitted, even a straggling honor to escape which could by hook or crook be gathered in for the glorification of their Alma Mater. The officers of Ohio birth whose names are given above. were, with but few exceptions, born during the first 30 years of the century, when Ohio was simply a vast wilderness with here and there a clearing and a cabin. Many were farmer's sons, who received the rudiments of an education in the log-school houses of pioneer settlements during the winter months, and in summer assisted their fathers in the rough work of coverting heavily timbered lands into productive fields, The habits of frugality and industry then attained undoubtedly contributed much to their subsequent success. No fair estimate of the magnitude of Ohio's contribution to the war, however, can be obtained without taking into consideration the services of eight men in civil life who did more, probably, to insure the success of the Union cause than any eight of the Generals whom the State sent to the field. They are; Edwin M. Stanton,-- Brn at Steubenville Ohio, Dec 19,1814, Attorney-General United States,1860, an Secretary of War from Jan,1862; to Aug, 1867. Salmon P. Chase,--Brn in New Hampshire, Jan 13, 1808, United States Senator from Ohio, Governor of Ohio, and from March, 1861, to 1864, Secretary of the Treasury. John Sherman, -- Brn at Lancaster, Ohio, May 10, 1832, United States Senator from Ohio, and member of the Finance Committee pf the Senate. Benjamin F. Wade, born in Massachusetts. Oct 27,1800, United States Senator from Ohio, and Chairman pf the Senate Committee on the conduct of the war. William Dennison, born at Cincinnati,Ohio, Nov 23, 1815, Governor of Ohio from January,1860, to January,1862. David Tod, born at Youngstown,Ohio, Feb 21, 1805, Governor of Ohio from January, 1862, to January, 1864. John Brough, born at Marietta,Ohio. September 17, 1811, Governor of Ohio from January, 1864, to the close of war. Jay Cooke, born at Sandusky, Ohio, August 10, 1821, Special Agent United States Treasury Department for the negotiation of Bonds. ******************************************** Ohio in the Civil war to be continued in part 13-- ______________________________ ------------------------------ X-Message: #4 Date: Sat, 4 Dec 1999 20:35:57 -0500 From: "Maggie Stewart" To: OH-FOOTSTEPS-L@rootsweb.com Message-ID: <067701bf3ec1$14214c40$0300a8c0@local.net> Subject: Fw: Bio History-- Know your Ohio -- Ohio in the Civil War -- pt 13-A Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit ----- Original Message ----- From: kathi kelley To: Sent: Saturday, November 27, 1999 4:33 PM Subject: Bio History-- Know your Ohio -- Ohio in the Civil War -- pt 13-A *********************************************** Historical Collections of Ohio From the diaries of S,L, Kelley Know your Ohio by Darlene E. Kelley *********************************************** Ohio in the Civil War -- Pt 13-A The Military Telegraph Service-- The exisitance and experiences of the civil war demonstrated the vast utility and indispensable importance of the electric telegraph both as an administrative agent and as tactical factor in military operations. In addition to the utilization of existing commrcial systems, there were built ad operated more than fifteen thousand miles of lines for military purposes only. Serving under anonymous status of quartermaster's employees, often under conditions of personal danger, and with no definate official standing, the operators of the military telegraph service performed work of most vital importantence to the Army in particular and to the country in general. They fully merited the gratitude of the nation for their efficiency. fidelity, and patriotism, yet their sevices were never been practically recognized by the Government or appreciated by the people. For instance, during the war there occurred in the line of duty more than three hundred casualties among the operators, from disease, death in battle, wounds, or capture. Scores of these unfortunate victims left families dependant upon charity, as the United States neither extended aid to their families nor admitted needy survuvors to a pensionable status. The telegraph service had neither definate personnel nor corps organization. It was simply a civilian bureau attached to the Quartermasters Department, in which a few of its favored members received commissions, The men who performed the dangerous work in the field were mere employees- mostly underpaid, and often treated with scant consideration. The inherent effects of such a nondescript organization made it impossible for it to adjust itself to the varying demands and imparitive needs of great and independant armies such as were employed in the Civil War. Moreover, the chief, Colonel Anson Stager, was stationed in Cleveland, Ohio, while an active subordinate, Major Thomas T. Eckert was associated with the war secretary, who held the service in his iron grasp. Not only were its commissioned officers free from authority than that of the Secretary of War, but operators, engaged in active campaigning thousand of miles from Washington, were independent of the generals under whom they were serving. As will appear later, operators suffered from the natural impatience of military commanders, who resented the abnormal relations which inevitably led to distrust and contention. While such irritations and distrusts were rarely justified, none the less they proved detrimental to the best interests of the United States. On the one hand, the operators were ordered to report to, and obey only, the corporation representatives who dominated the War Department, while on the other lot was cast with military associates, who frequenty regarded them with a certain contempt or hostility. Thus, the life of a field operator was hard, indeed, and it is to the lasting credit of the men, as a class, that their intelligence and patriotism were equal to the situation and won final confidence. Emergency conditions in 1861 caused the seizure of the commercial systems around Washington, and the Assistant Secretary of War, Thomas A Scott was made general manager of all such lines. He secured the cooperation of E. S. Sanford. of the American Telegraph Company, who imposed much needed restrictions as to cipher messages, information, and so forth on all operators. The scope of work was much increased by the Act of Congress, in 1862, authorizing the seizure of any or all lines, in connection with which Sanford was appointed censor. Through Andrew Carnegie was obtained the force which opened the War Department Telegraph Office; which speedily attained national importance by its remarkable work, and with which the memory of Abraham Lincoln must be inseparably associated. It was fortunate for the success of the telegraphic policy of the Government that it was entrusted to men of such administrative ability as Colonel Anson Stager, E.S. Sanford, and Major Thomas T. Eckert. The seletion of operators for the War Office was surprisingly fortunate, including, s it did, three ciper-operators; D.H. Bates, A.B. Chandler, and C.A. Tinker; all of high character, rare skill, and unusual discretion. The military exigencies brought Sanford as censor and Eckert as assistant general manager, who otherwise performed their difficult duties with great efficiency; it must be addd that at all times they were enclined to display a striking disregard of proprieties and most unwarrentedly to enlarge their scope of their already extended authority. An interesting instance of the conflict of telegraphic and military authority was shown when Sanford mutilated McClellan's passionate dispatch to Stanton, dated Savage's Station, June 29, 1862, in the midst of the Seven Days Battles. Eckert also withheld from President Lincoln the dispatch announcing the Federal defeat at Ball's Bluff. The suppression by Eckert of Grant's order for the removal of Thomas-- [ By cutting out of the message the last two sentences, reading: " If I save this army now, I tell you plainly that I owe no thanks to you or to any other person in Washington, You have done your best to sacrifice this army." ] finds support only in the splendid victory of that great soldier at Nashville, and that only under the maxim that the end justifies the means. Eckert's narrow escape from summary dismissal by Stanton shows that, equally with the President and the commanding general, the war secretary was sometimes treated disrespectfully by his own subordinates. One phase of life in the telegraph room of the War Department-- it is surprising that the White House had no telegraph office during the war-- was Lincoln's daily visit thereto, and the long hours spent by him in the cipher room, whose quiet seclusion made it a favorite retreat both for rest and also for important work requiring undisturbed thought and undivided attention. There Lincoln turned over with methodical exactness and anxious expectation the office file of recent messages. There be awaited patiently the translation of ciphers which forecasted promising plans for coming campaigns, told tales of unexpected defeat, recited the story of victorious battles, conveyed impossible demands, or suggested inexpedient policies. Masking anxiety by quaint phrases, impassively accepting criticism, harmonizing conflicting conditions, he patiently pondered over situations, both political and military, swayed in his solutions only by considerations of public good. For in this room were held conferences of vital national interest, which required many days, during which was written the original draft of the memorable Proclamation of Emancipation. *********************************************** To be continued in 13 B. -------------------------------- End of OH-FOOTSTEPS-D Digest V99 Issue #827 *******************************************