OHIO STATEWIDE FILES OH-FOOTSTEPS Mailing List Issue 268 *********************************************************************** USGENWEB NOTICE: These electronic pages may NOT be reproduced in any format for profit or presentation by other organization or persons. Persons or organizations desiring to use this material, must obtain the written consent of the contributor, or the legal representative of the submitter, and contact the listed USGenWeb archivist with proof of this consent. The submitter has given permission to the USGenWeb Archives to store the file permanently for free access. http://www.usgwarchives.net/ *********************************************************************** OH-FOOTSTEPS-D Digest Volume 00 : Issue 268 Today's Topics: #1 Fw: [13] Bio History-- Know Your O ["Maggie Stewart" To: OH-FOOTSTEPS-L@rootsweb.com Message-ID: <002001c01918$3c1b3760$0300a8c0@local.net> Subject: Fw: [13] Bio History-- Know Your Ohio --Ohio's Huron and Wyandot Natives Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit ----- Original Message ----- From: Darlene & Kathi kelley Sent: Thursday, May 18, 2000 4:03 PM Subject: Bio History-- Know Your Ohio --Ohio's Huron and Wyandot Natives ****************************************************** Historical Collections of Ohio Know Your Ohio by Darlene E. Kelley ****************************************************** Ohio's Huron an Wyandot Indians-- Part 13 Continuation of the Treaty of the Miami of Lake Erie with the Wyandot, Seneca, Delaware. Shawnee, Potawatomi, Ottawa, and Chippewa on September 29, 1817. ARTICLE 21 -- This treaty shall take effect, and be obligatory on the contracting parties, as soon as the same shall have been ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and the consent of the Senate thereof. In testimony whereof, the said Lewis Cass and Duncan McArthur, commissioners as aforesaid, and the Sachems, Chiefs, and Warriors, of the Wyandot, Seneca, Shawnee, Delaware, Pottawatima, Ottawa, and Chippewa Tribes of Indians, have hereto set their hands, at the foot of the Rapids of the Miami of Lake Erie, this twenty-ninth day of September, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and seventeen. Lewis Cass, Duncan McArthur. In the presence of Wm Turner, secretary to the commissioners, W. Knaggs, Indian Agent, G. Godfroy, Indian Agent, John Johnson, Indian Agent, R.A. Forsyth, jr., Secretary Indian Department. B.F. Stickney, Indian Agent. Sworn Interpreters; Peter Ryley, William Conner, Henry I. Hunt, H.W. Walker, Jos. Vance, Jorn R. Walker, Jonathan Leslie, James McPherson, Alvan Coe, F. Duchouquet, John Gunn, A. Shane, C.L. Cass, Lieutenant U.S. Army, J.B. Beaugrand. Signers-- Chippewas; [ all marked with their X mark.] Wasonnezo; Okemance, or the Young Chief; Shinguax, or Cedar; Kinobee; Chinguagin; Sheganack, or Black Bird; Mintougabot, or the Devil Standing; Wastuau; Penquam; Chemokcomon, or American; Papeeumegat; Matwaash, or Heard Fell Down; Potaquam; Pensweguesic, the Jay Bird; Weabskewen, or the White Man; Waynoce. Pottawatimas; [ all marked wit their X mark] Metea; Wynemac; Wynemakons, or the Front; Ocheackabee; Conge; Wankeway; Perish; Tonguish; Papekitcha, or Flat Belly; Medomin, or Corn; Saguemai, or Musketo; Waweacee, or Full Moon; Ninwichemon; Misscnonsai; Waysagua; Nannanmee; Nannanseku; Meanqueah; Wawenoke; Ashenekazo; Nanemucskuck; Ashkebee; Makotai;Wabinsheway, or White Elk; Gabriel, or Gabiniai; Waishit; Naonquay; Meshawgonay; Nitchetash; Skewbicack; Chechak. or Crane. Wyandots; [ with their X mark ]. Dunquid, or Half King; Runtunda, or War Pole; Aronuc,or Cherokee Boy; T. Aruntue, or Between the Logs; D. Wottondt, or John Hicks; T.Undetaso, or Geo.Punch; Menonkue, or Thomas; Undauwau, or Matthews. Delawares; [ all signed with their X Mark] Kithtuwheland, or Anderson; Punchhuck, or Capt.Beaver; Tahunqeecoppi, or Capt. Pipe; Clamatonockis; Aweallesa, or Whirlwind. Shawanees; [All signed with their X marks] Cateweekesa, or Black Hoof; Biaseka, or Wolf; Porethe, or Walker; Shemenetu, or Big Snake; Chacalowa, or Tail's End; Pemthata, or Perry; Othawakeska, or Yellow Feather; Wawathethaka, or Capt. Reed; Tecumtequa; Quitewe, War Chief; Cheacksca, or Capt Tom; Quitawepea, or Captain Lewis. Senecas; [ all signed with their X mark] Methomea, or Civil John; Sacourewceghta, or Whiping Stick; Shekoghkell, or Big Turtle; Aquasheno, or Joe; Wakenuceno, or White Man; Samendue, or Captain Sigore, Skillcway, or Robbin; Dasquoerunt. Ottawas; [ all signed with their X Mark] Tontagimi, or the Dog; Misquegin, McCarty; Pontiac; Oquenoxas; Tashmwa; Nowkesick; Wahekeighke; Kinewaba; Twaatum; Supay; Nashkema; Kumashewon; Kusha. Schedule referred to in the forgoing treaty, and to be taken and considered as part thereof. Three sections, to contain six hundred and forty acres each, are to be reserved out of the tract of twelve miles square to be granted to the Wyandots. One of the said sections is to be appropriated to the use of a missionary, one for the support of six schools, and one for the support of mechanics, and to be under the direction of the chiefs. Two sections, of six hundred and forty acres each, are to be granted to each of the following persons, being the chief of the Wyandot tribe, and his six councillors, namely; Doouquod, or Half King; Routoudu, or Warpole; Tauyaurontoyou, or Between the Logs; Dawatout, or John Hicks; Manocue, or Thomas; Sauyoudautausaw, or George Ruuh; and Hawdowuwaugh, or Matthews. And after deducting the fifteen sections thus to be disposed of, the residue of the said tract of twelve miles square is to be equally divided among the following persons, namely; Hoocue, Raoudootouk, Mahoma, Naatoua, Mautanawto, Maurunquaws, Naynuhanky, Abrm. Williams, Sen Squautaugh, Tauyouranuta, Tahawquevouws, Dasharows, Tray-hetou, Hawtooyou, Maydounaytove, Neudooslau, Deecalrautousay, Houtooyemaugh, Datoowawna, Matsave-aanyourie, James Raken, Sentumass, Tahautoshowweda, Madudara, Shaudauave, Shamadeesay, Sommodowot, Moautaau, Nawsottomaugh, Maurawskinquaws, Tawtoo-lowme, Shawdouycayourou, Showwcno, Dashotto, Sennewdorow, Toayttooraw, Mawskattaugh, Tahawshodeuyea, I-taunaraw reudee, Shau-romou, Tahorowtsemdee, Roosayn, Dautoresay, Nashawtoomous, Skawduutoutee, Sanorowsha, Nautennee, Yourahatsa, Towntoreshaw, Syuwewataugh, Cauyou, Omitztseshaw, Gausawaugh, Skashaways-squaw, Mawdovdoo, Narowayshaus, Nawcatay, Isuhowhayeato. Mya-tousha, Tauoodowma, Youhreo, George Williams, Oharvatoy, Saharossor, Issac illiams, Squindatee, Mayeatohot, Lewis Coon, isatouque or John Coon, Tawaumanacay or E. Wright, Owawtatuu, Isontraudee, Tomatsahoss, Sarrahoss, Tauyoureehoryeou, Saudotoss, Toworordu or Big Ears, Tauomatsarau, Taharoudoyou or Two. Daureehau, Dauo-rennu, Trautohauweetough, Yourowquains or the widow of Crane, Caunaytoma, Hottomorrow, Taweesho, Dauquausay, Toumou, Hoogua-doorow, Newdeetautow, Dawhowhouk, Sawaronuis, Norrorow, Tawwass, Tawareoons, Neshaustay, Toharratough, Taurow-totucawaa, Youshindauyto, Tauosanays, Sadowerrais, Isanowtowtouk or Fox Widow, Sauratoudo or William Zane, Hayanos or Ebenezer Zane,Mawcasharrow or Widow M'Cullock, Susannab, Teshawataugh, Bawews, Tamataurandk Razor, Rahisaus, Cudeetoric, Shawnetaurew, Tatrarow, Cuqua, Yourowon, Sayounaoskra, Tanorawayout, How-cuquawdorow, Goyeanmec, Dautsaqua, Mandamn, Sanorceshoc, Hou-leeyeatausay, Gearoohcc, Matoskrawtouk, Dawwecshoe,Sawyourawot, Nacudseoranaurayka, Youronurays, Scoutash, Serroymuch, Hoon-deshotch, Ishuskeah,Dasharraw, Ondewaus, Duyewtale, Roueyoutalcolo, Hoonorowduro, Nawananunonelo, Nawananunonelo, Tolhomanona, Chiyakamik, Tyywakwhenohalc, Aushewhowole, Schowandashres, Mon-sushawquaw, Tayoudrakele, Giveriahcs, Sootreeshuskoh, Suyouturaw, Tiudee, Tahorroshoquaw, Irahkasquah, Ishoreamcusuwat, Curoweyot-tell, Noriyettete, Siyarech, Testteatete. **************************************************** to be continued in part 14. ______________________________ ------------------------------ X-Message: #2 Date: Thu, 7 Sep 2000 17:53:44 -0400 From: "Maggie Stewart" To: OH-FOOTSTEPS-L@rootsweb.com Message-ID: <002101c01918$3d0633a0$0300a8c0@local.net> Subject: Fw: [14] Bio History--Know Your Ohio -- Ohio's Huron and Wyandot Natives. Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit ----- Original Message ----- From: Darlene & Kathi kelley Sent: Friday, May 26, 2000 4:19 PM Subject: Bio History--Know Your Ohio -- Ohio's Huron and Wyandot Natives. ****************************************************** Historical Collections of Ohio Know Your Ohio by Darlene E. Kelley ***************************************************** Ohio's Huron and Wyandot Indians-- Part 14 Continuation of the Treaty of the Miami of Lake Erie with the Wyandot, Seneca, Delaware, Shawnee, Potawatomi, Ottawa, and Chippewa on September 29, 1817. The thirty thousand acres for the Senecas upon the Sandusky River, is to be equally divided among the following person, namely: Syuwa-sautau, Newwene, Joseph, Iscumetaugh of Picking up a club, Orawhatotdie or Turn over, Saudaurous or Split the river, Tahowtorains or Jo Since, Ispomduare Yellow-bay, Dashowrowramou or Drifting sand, Hauautounasquas, Hamyautuhow, Tahocayn, Howdautauyeao or King George, Standing Bones, Cyahaga or Fisher, Suthemoore, Red Skin, Mentauteehoore, Hyanashraman or Knife in his hand, Running About, John Smith, Carrying the Basket, Cauwauay or Striking, Rewauyeato or Carrying the news, Half up the Hill, Trowyoudos or G. Hunter, Spike Buck, Caugooshow or Cleanig Up, Mark on his Hip, Captain Hams, Isetaunee or Crying Often, Tauncrowyear or Two Companies, Haudowwauays or Stripping the river, Isohauhasay or Tall Chief, Sweet Foot, Tauhaugains-toany or Holding his hand about, Oharrawtodee or Turning over, Haucaumarout, Sarrowsauismatare or Striking sword, Sadudeto, Oshoutov or Burning berry, Hard Hickery, Curetscetau, Youronocay or Issac, Youtradowwonlee, Newtauyaro, Tayouonte or Old Foot, Tauo-antetee, Syunout or Give it to her, Doostough or Hunch on his forehead, Tyaudusout or Joshua Ttendricks, Taushausaurow or Cross the arms, Henry, Youwaydauyea or the Island, Armstrong, Shake the Ground, His neck down, Youheno, Towotovoudo or Looking at her, Captain Smith, Tobacco, Standing Stone, Ronumaise or whiping stick, Tarsduhatse or Large Bones, Hamanchagave, House Fly or Maggot, Rouduma or sap running, Big Belt, Cat Bone, Sammy, Taongauats or Round the Point, Rumuye or Hold the Sky, Mentoududu, Hownotant, Slippery nose, Tauslowquowsay or Twenty wives, Hoogaurow or Mad Man, Coffee-house, Long Hair. The tract of ten miles square at Wapaghonettat is to be equally divided among the following persons, namely: The Black Hoof, Pore-the or Walker, Piascka or Wolf, Schmcnutu or Snake, Othawakescka or Yellow Feather, Pencthata or Perry, Chacalaway or the End of the Tail, Quitawec or War Chief, Sachachewa, Wascwwela, Waseweela or Bright Horn, Othawsa or Yellow, Tepetoseka, Caneshomo, Newabe-tucka, Cawawescucka, Thokutchema, Setakosheka, Topee of James Saunders, Meshenewa, Taiape, Pokechaw, Alawaymotakah, Lalloway or Perry, Wabemec, Nemekoshc, Nenpemeshequa or Cornstalk, She-She, Shawabaghke, Naneskaka, Thakoska or David M'Nair, Skapakake, Shapoquata, Peapakseka, Quaghoquonq, Ouotowame, Nitaskeka, Tah-kaska or Spy buck, Pekathehsea, Teaskoota or James Blue Jacket, Calawesa, Quaho, Kaketchheka or W.Perry, Swapee, Peektoo or Davy Baker, Skoapowa or George Mdougall, Chcpakosa, Shemay or Sam, Chiakosa or Captain Tom, General Wayne, Thaway, Othawee, Wee-asesaka,or Captain Reed, Kewaytaka, Tegosbea or George, Skekacum-sheka, Wesheshemo, Mawentacheka, Quashke, Thaswa, Bapticute, Waywalapee, Peshequakame, Chakalaec,or Tom, Keywaypee, Egota-cumshequa, Wabepee, Aquashequa, pemotah, Nepaho, Takepee, Topo-sheka, Lathawanomo, Sowaghkota or Yellow Clouds,Meenksheka, Asheseka, Ochipway, Thapaeka, Chakata, Nakacheka, Thathouskata, Paytokothe, Palaske, Shesheloo, Quanaqua, Kalkoo, Toshshena, Can-own, Ethowakosee, Quaquesha, Capea, Thakatcheway, The Man up Hill, Magotha, Tecumtequa, Setepakothe, Kekentha, Shiatwa, Shiab-wasson, Koghkela, Akopee or Heep of any thing, Laatothe, Kesha, Pankoor, Peitehthator or Peter, Metchepelah, Capeah, Showgame, Wawaleepesheeka, Meewensheka, Manemepahtoo or Trotter, Pamitch-epetoo, Chalequa, Tetetee, Lesheshe,Nawabasheka or White Feather,Shepakeskeshe, Tenakee, Shemaka, Paheto, Thaitcheto, Metche-metch, Chatown, Lawathska, Potchetce or the Man without a tail, Awabaneshekaw, Patacoma, Lamakesheka, Papashow, Weathaksheka, Pewaypee, Totah, Canaqua, Skepakutcheka, Welviesa, Kitahoe, Neen-takoshe, Oshaishe, Chilosee, Quailaisha, Mawethaque, Akepee, Quelenee, The tract of five miles squae at Hog Creek, is to be equally divided among the following persons, namely: Peeththa, Ononwashim, Peneth-eywa, Wabekesheke, Leeso, Pohcaywese, Shemagauashc, Nehquaka-huka, Papaskootepa, Meamepetoo, Welawenaka, Petiska Ketuckepe, Lawitchctee, Epaumee, Canacke, Jose, Lanawytucka, Shawyanaka, Wawatashewa, Ketaksosa, Shashekopeah, Lakose, Quinaska. The Tract of forty-eight square miles, including Lewistown is to be equally divided among the following persons, namely: Shownese Colonel Lewis, Polly Kizer, Theueteseepuah or Weed, Calossete, Vamauweke, Wacumsee, Skitlewa, Nayabepe, Wosheta, Nopaego, Willesque, Salock, Walathe, Silversmith, Silverheels, John, Wewachee, Cassic, Atshcna, Frencman, Squesenau, Coohunt Manwealte, Wall-see, Billy, Thawwamce, Wopsquitty, Naywale, Big Turtle, Nolawat, Nawalippa, Razor, Blue, Tick, Nerer, Falling Star, Hale Clock, Hisos-cock, Essquaseeto, Geore, Nuussome, Saunahoe, Joseph, Scotowe, Battease, Crow, Shilling, Scotta, Nowpour, Nameawah, Quemauto, Snife, Captain, Taudeteso, Sonrise, Sowget, Deshau, Lettle Lewis, Jacquis, Tonaout, Swaunacou, General Cussabooi , Baid, Crooked Stick, Wespata, Newasa, Garter, Porcupine, Pocaloche, Wocheque, Sawquaha, Enata, Panther, Colesetos, Joe, Senecas- Civil John, Wild Duck, Tall Man, Molasses, Ash, Nahanexa, Tasauk, Aqusquenah, Roughleg, Quaquesaw, Payful, Hairlip, Sieutinque, Hilnepewaya-tuska, Tauunsequ, Nyanoah, Suchusque, Leemutque, Treuse, Sequate, Caumecus, Scowncti, Tocondusque, Conhowdatwaw, Cowista, Nequa-tren, Cowhousted, Gillwas, Axtaea, Conawwehow, Sutteasee, Kinhoot, Crane, Silver, Bysaw, Crayfiste, Woolyhead, Conundahaw, Shawosa, Coindos, Hutchequa, Nayau, Connodose, Conesta, Nesluauta, Owl, Couauka, Cocheco, Couauka, Cocheco, Couewash, Sinnecowachechowe or leek. The tract of three miles square for the Delaware Indians adjoining the track of twelve miles square upon the Sandusky River, is to be divided equally among the folowing persons, namely: Captain Pipe, Zeshauau or James Armstrong, Mahawtoo or John Armstrong, Sanowdoyeasquaw or Silas Armstrong, Teorow or Black Raccoon, Hawdorowwatistie or Billy Montour, Buck Wheat, William Dondee, Thmas Lyons, Johnny Cake, Captain Wolf, Issac Hill, John Hill, Tiahata-hoones or Widow Armstrong, Ayenucere, Hoomaurow or John Ming, Youdorast. Lewis Cass, Duncan McArthur, Commissioners. There were no further and cessions by the Wyandot until after Congress passed the Indian Removal Act in 1830. Then pressures bgan to mount for them to sell their lands in Ohio and Michigan and remove to Kansas. Since the Wyandot lands were protected by treaty, the government's plan was to eat away at their land base by taking advantage of factions within the Wyandot. In 1832, the Wyandot at the Big Spring Reserve signed the Treaty of McCutcheonville selling their reserve to the United States. These were mainly Canadian Wyandot who were expected to take the money and return to Canada, but the agreement was opposed by the Sandusky tribal council until provisions were made for the Big Spring Wyandot to move to the Grand Reserve and payments made directly to the Wyandot council. There was a four year pause before the Wyandot lost more land. In 1836 the Ohio Wyandot signed another treaty selling the Cranberry Reserve and 60 square miles on the east side of the Grand Reserve. Meanwhile the Canadian Wyandot had surrendered a large portion of their reserve just east of Detroit. Two years later, two Ohio Congressmen were appointed as special agents to get the Wyandot to agree to removal. Several Wyandot deligations visited Kansas, and arrangements were made for them to purchase land from the Shawnee. The Senate,however, failed to ratify the treaty, and the Wyadot remained divided about removal until 1841. In November the Wyandot Chief Summundewat and his entire family were robbed and murdered by two white men who they had fed and given shelter. The murderers were captured but never prosecuted. The failure of American Laws to protect them convinced the Wyandot it was time to leave. In March, 1842, they ceded all ther lands in Ohio and Michigan and agreed to move to Kansas where they were to receive a new reserve of 148,000 acres. In addition, they were to be paid the full value of the improvements made to their Ohio lands, $ 10,000 for relocation expenses, and an annual annuity of $ 18,000. They were also entitled to 35 sections of any uncaimed lands west of the Mississippi. **************************************************** to be continued in Part 15. ______________________________ ------------------------------ X-Message: #3 Date: Thu, 7 Sep 2000 17:57:56 -0400 From: "Maggie Stewart" To: OH-FOOTSTEPS-L@rootsweb.com Message-ID: <002201c01918$3d8c7aa0$0300a8c0@local.net> Subject: Fw: [15] Bio History -- Know your Ohio- Ohio's Huron and Wyandot Natives Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit ----- Original Message ----- From: Darlene & Kathi kelley Sent: Saturday, May 27, 2000 5:49 PM Subject: Bio History -- Know your Ohio- Ohio's Huron and Wyandot Natives ****************************************************** Historical Collections Of Ohio Know Your Ohio by Darlene E.Kelley ****************************************************** Ohio's Huron and Wyandot Indians -- Part 15 Preparation of the Removal of the Wyandots and actually what happened-- In July.1845, 664 Wyandot ( icluding 25 from Michigan and 30 from Canada) left for Ohio by steamboat from Cincinnati. Passing the grave of William Henry Harrison overlooking the Ohio River, the Wyandot fired a rifle volley in salute. Their reasons for this can only be guessed. When they arrived in Kansas, the Wyandot discovered the Shawnee did not wish to sell, and the Wyandot had no land. In December they reached an agreement with the Delaware to purchase ( with their own money) 36 sections at the eastern end of the Delaware reserve. The Delaware also gave the Wyandot three additional sections out of respect and in gratitude for when the Wyandot had allowed them to settle in Ohio during the 1740s. The agreement was subject to congressional approval, but there was some doubt this would be given. To be safe, the Wyandot applied for lands on the Great Osage River but this was rejected since the lands had already been alloted to other tribes. The government also tried to appease the value of the improvements of their Ohio lands at half their actual worth. Approval of the purchase from the Delaware was not received until 1848. In the meantime, Wyandot volunteers had served in the American army during the Mexican War (1846-48). In 1849 several other Wyandot left Kansas to join the California Gold Rush. Eight years after the 1842 treaty, the Wyandot still had not received the 148,000 acres promised them and were living on lands purchased with their own money. In 1850 a Wyandot delegation sent to Washington, D.C. proposed a new treaty whereby they would become citizens, accept individual allotment of the lands they ha purchased, and surrender their claim to the 148,000 acres promised them in exchange for $185,000. The treaty was signed in April, but the version ratified by the Senate removed provisions for citizenship and allotment. The attitude of the government changed after the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act in 1854. To prepare the route for a transcontinental railroad, Kansas and Nebraska were open to white settlement. However, this required the breakup of the blocks of land assigned by treaty to the Indian tribes relocated to Kansas from east of the Mississippi. The treaty signed by the Wyandot in 1855 ended their tribal status, but allowed them to become citizens by taking their lands in severalty. Their excess lands were sold to the government for $ 380,000. Although the treaty was approved by a large majority, a sizable minority wishing to retain their traditional tribal status and government, was strongly opposed to the agreement. The settlement, the Kansas-Nebraska Act had set aside the requirements of the Missouri Compromise and allowed the qustion of slavery in Kansas to be decided by " popular sovereignty," As white zealots from both north and south flooded into Kansas, the question of slavery was decided not by the will of the majority, but by a violent preview of the Civil War known as "Bleeding Kansas." The Wyandots and other tribes in Kansas found themselves in the middle of a whote man's war and were forced to take sides. For the most part, the Wyandot were aganst slavery, and several members prominent in the "Underground Railroad " to help black slaves escape to Canada or free territory. By 1857, 200 Wyandot (Emigrant or Indian Party) had had enough of the benifits of American citizenship and left for the Indian Territory where the Seneca (Mingo) allowed them to settle on their lands in the northeast Oklahoma. After the beginning of the Civil War, Confederate troops occupied the Indian Territory. In 1862 they swept through the Seneca Reserve. Because of their pro-union and anti-slavery sentiments, the Wyandot living there were forced to return to Kansas. While there, the Indian Party organized their own tribal council and began negotiations with the Oklahoma Seneca ( also refugees living in Kansas) for the purchase of a part of their lands as a Wyadot reserve. After the war, the Indian Party returned to Oklahoma. It refused offers of reconcilliation with the Citizens Party and petitioned the government to renew their tribal status. An omnibus treaty signed in 1867 granted recognition and permission for the Oklahoma Wyandotte to purchase 20,000 acres between the Neosho River and the Missouri State line as a reserve. This was later broken up into individual allotments by the Dawes Act. Some of the " citizen or absentee" Wyandot from Kansas were allowed to rejoin the tribe through adoption, but in general, the Oklahoma Wyandotte no longer recognized the Kansas Wyandot as tribal members and would not allow them to settle on their Oklahoma Reserve without permission. Beginning with the division between Christian and traditional within the Huron Confederacy which contributed to their defeat by the Iroquois, factionalism has plagued the Huron and /or Wyandot for the last 400 years. The bitter fight for recognition between the citizen and Indian parties has persited to the present-day between the Wyandot Nation of Kansas and the Wyandotte Tribe of Oklahoma. **************************************************** Farewell to a Beloved Land-- " The Wyandot's last Ohio Church Service" July 9, 1843. Squire Grey Eyes delivered the following address to the Wyandots assembled at the Mission Church before leaving Ohio. All Six hundred and sixty four members of the Wyandot Nation were gathered for the farewell address. Squire Grey Eyes was an ordained minsiter and the Wyandot spiritual Leader. He resisted removal from Ohio until the very end. " My people, the time for our departure is at hand. A few words remain only to be said. Our entire nation has gathered here for farewell. We have this morning met together for the last tme in our Love Feast. More than two-hundred have testified to the great power of God. Brother Wheeler has preached the funeral for our dead-our John Stewart, our beloved Mononcue, our recently murdered Summundewat, our eloquent Between-the-Logs. They sleep the sleep of death, but hope of immortality is strong within our breasts. Our Chiefs have committed to the care our White Brothers, our temple: to the great spirit, the grave of our ancestors. The Indian does not forget the pale-faced brother who came to him with the message from the Great Spirit, and who loved him well and served him well. The white man's God has become the Indian's God, and with us go ever to our new home, our beloved shepard, Brother Wheeler, and sister Lucy Armstrong, the Wyandot bride. Surely like the white-faced truth of all that she says: " Whither thou goest, I will go and where thou lodest, I will lodge: thy people shall be my people, and thy God, My God: whither thy diest, I will die, and there will I be buried." It remains only for me to say farewell. No more shall we engage in the solemn feast. or feast of rejoicing. No more shall Sandusky"s Plains and forests echo to the voice of song and praise. No more shall we assemble in our Temple to sing the sacred songs and hear the stories of the cross. Here our dead are buried. We have placed fresh flowers upon their graves for the last time. No longer shall we visit them. Soon they shall be forgotten for the forward march of the strong white man will not turn aside for the Indian Graves. Farewell -- Farewell Sadusky River--Farewell - Farewell our hunting Grounds and homes. Farewell to the stately trees and forests. Farewell to the Temple of the Great Spirit. Farewell to our White Brothers, and friends, and neighbors. It is but a little time for us till we leave our earthly home: for here we are no continuing city, but we seek one that is to come, whose builder and maker is God. Let us remember the dying words of Brother Stewart; 'Be Faithful. " ****************************************************** to be continued in part 16 - . -------------------------------- End of OH-FOOTSTEPS-D Digest V00 Issue #268 *******************************************