Atoka County, OK. - Biography: Ladd Family ************************************************************************ Submitted by: Charles Ladd; Cladd15157@aol.com ************************************************************************ USGENWEB NOTICE: In keeping with the USGenWeb policy of providing free information on the Internet, this data may be used by non-commercial entities, as long as this message remains on all copied material. These electronic pages cannot be reproduced in any format for profit or other gain. Copying of the files within by non-commercial individuals and libraries is encouraged. The submitter has given permission to the USGenWeb Archives to store the file permanently for free access. ************************************************************************ Ladd Family History FIRST GENERATION David Crocket Winters is the son of Sam George and Lora (Ladd) Winters. He was born at Crystal, in Atoka county, Oklahoma and was the twin brother of George Clifford. The twin brothers were named after the fathers of the parents. Thanks to Crocket for this story. When my dad, Mark Ladd, heard this story, it reminded him of the time when Crocket Ladd bought a new straw hat, with a green transparent sun shade built into the hat brim. Crocket was wearing the hat and when he got on his horse, it threw him off. Crocket picked himself up, brushing the dust off his clothes, said; "danged horse don't know me with this new hat on". David Crockett, Jr., better known as Crocket has, been described as 5'-8" tall, left-handed, and never weighed over l40-l45 pounds. He is said to have been mean and ornery in his younger days and very likely left Arkansas for two years, in l893, because of problems with the law. He was a man of his word and fully expected others to do the same. Crocket Ladd and Mary C. Hankins were married July 22, l88l. Their first son James Marion was born in DeQueen, Arkansas in l882. Mary was the daughter of Marion Hankins, who died, in l859, shortly before she was born. Elizabeth, mother of Mary, married a Nations' and they had two sons, Edwin and Bony. Edwin and Bony Nations lived for many years in Lamar County Texas, near Paris. Mary, wife of Crocket, is said to have been very close to her half brothers and this is very likely who Crocket went to live near when he left Arkansas for two years in l883. Mary was very likely related to the prominent Hankins family of Sevier County. This family was most notably represented by Doctor Harrison Hankins, the father of Capt. John S. Hankins. Capt. Hankins served one campaign with Walker in Nicaragua and then in the Civil War, and may have been David Crockett Ladd's (Crocket's father) company commander during most of that war. John Hankins was sheriff of Sevier County, l880-l882. He may have been the one to persuade Crocket to return to Arkansas and instrumental in having him appointed Deputy Sheriff upon his return. Crocket is said to have been a deputy United States Marshall. In order for him to have the authority to go into the Indian Territory and arrest horse thieves this would be true. According to an article in The Goodspeed Biographical and Historical Memories of southern Arkansas, which was written in about l890, Crocket had business interest in Antimony City, Nashville and Silver City, Arkansas. I have always had the view that Crocket got taken in on these business ventures. He was probably cheated by some business men who in the end re-paid Crocket with some of their blood and a lot of skin. In 1974 I talked to a Mr. Riley, of King, Arkansas, who said that some of the law-men of Seiver county warned David's brothers to get him out of the state or they would have to arrest him. This is most likely when he moved to Texas for "health reasons." The day before Thanksgiving day of 1997 the last surviving child of this family passed on to her reward. Lora Marie (Ladd) Winters was the youngest child of Crocket & Mary Carol (Hankins) Ladd. Without her input this story would not have been possible. Aunt Lora lived a life that was an ideal example for everyone who knew her to follow. She was instrumental in the organizing the "Ladd & Lassie" organization and she served as it's President until her death. She will be missed "for awhile" but I know that I will see her again, in a while. 1. David Crockett Ladd was born on 26 Feb 1860 in Polk Co., Arkansas. He died on 3 Sep 1941 in Atoka, Oklahoma. He was a Farmer/Lawman. He was buried in Atoka cemetery. Family tradition says that Crocket came to Oklahoma, Indian Territory, while tracking horse thieves. When this was asked of Jim Ladd, the grandson that grew up near his grandfather, he related the following story: "Granddad showed me the ruins of an old rock house and told me that he had danced all night there when he first came to the Territory. The next morning he went to where the two horse thieves were known to be. He approached them, in a public place, identified himself, and informed them that they were under arrest and that they could go back to Arkansas either sitting upright or slung across their saddles, that it did not matter to him which; they chose to go upright in their saddles." In l952 or '53, Jim met an old man in Durant who had been a witness to the arrest. He told Jim his version of the arrest and ended his story with the comment that, "Crocket Ladd was the meanest little left handed man that he had ever known." According to family stories, Crocket was very impressed with the country around Atoka and that he moved his family there not too long after the arrest of the horse thieves. He and his wife Mary had twelve children, four of which died as infants. Their youngest child, Lora, remembers her mother as "the best cook that ever set foot in a kitchen" and her father as a good man but one whose word was the law and gospel. In October l985, the youngest of these twelve children wrote: "Lora M. Ladd Winters, youngest child of David Crocket Ladd and Mary Carol Hankins Ladd. Dad birth date, Feb. 26, l860. Mother's, December 30, l859, both born in Arkansas. As far as I know; Jim, Walter, Ed and Roy all borned before they came to Oklahoma. I was born at Silo, Oklahoma. We were farmers, always had stock. Raised most of our living on the farm; went to town twice a year for things we didn't have on the farm. We butchered plenty of pork to do from one winter until time for hog killing time, had plenty of milk and butter from our cows and had lots of chickens. Canned and dried our fruit and vegetables. Always had plenty of good food and Molly as Papa called her was the best cook that ever went into a kitchen. No modern conveniences; did the work the hard way. "We lived in Bryan County until I was about ten years old and then moved back to Atoka County. We still farmed on the big scale. Dad dealt in cattle, we family did most of the farming. When court was in session my dad was always on jury duty. We kids was like most, didn't keep the work up and Mama would say Crockett will be mad and if we don't have all the things done he had laid out for us. So, before he come in we would work real hard because Dad was very strict, his word was his hand, a good provider. When we quit farming he still had cattle. Larkin my brother leased a place in Bryan County and Papa and Mama moved down there, taking his cattle, and Larkin had cattle too, during the year. Their house and all their belongings burned there. They sold their cows and moved to where Ray lived, five miles east of Atoka. They used the money from the sale of the cows and built a house and there they lived for the rest of their lives. Mama lived for four months after Papa was gone. My sister Annie came and stayed with her. "Annie, the older sister of Lora, lived in Fort Smith, Arkansas for many years and was very close to Arthur Ladd, the son of Henry. She often visited with her Aunt Rebecca who lived in Heavenor, Oklahoma. Lora said that her Grandpa Ladd came to visit them when she was six years old. That was the only time that she ever met any of her grandparents. David Crocket Winters is the son of Sam George and Lora (Ladd) Winters. He was born at Crystal, in Atoka county, Oklahoma and was the twin brother of George Clifford. The twin brothers were named after the fathers of the parents. Thanks to Crocket for this story. When my dad, Mark Ladd, heard this story, it reminded him of the time when Crockett Ladd bought a new straw hat, with a green transparent sun shade built into the hat brim. Crockett was wearing the hat and when he got on his horse, it threw him off. Crockett picked himself up, brushing the dust off his clothes, said; "danged horse don't know me with this new hat on." Crocket Ladd: David Crockett, Jr., better known as Crocket has, been described as 5'-8" tall, left-handed, and never weighed over l40-l45 pounds. He is said to have been mean and ornery in his younger days and very likely left Arkansas for two years, in l893, because of problems with the law. He was a man of his word and fully expected others to do the same. Crocket Ladd and Mary C. Hankins were married July 22, l88l. Their first son James Marion was born in DeQueen, Arkansas in l882. Mary was the daughter of Marion Hankins, who died in l859 shortly before she was born. Elizabeth, mother of Mary, married a Nations' and they had two sons, Edwin and Bony. Edwin and Bony Nations lived for many years in Lamar County Texas, near Paris. Mary, wife of Crocket, is said to have been very close to her half brothers and this is very likely who Crocket went to live near when he left Arkansas for two years in l883. Mary was very likely related to the prominent Hankins family of Sevier County. This family was most notably represented by Doctor Harrison Hankins, the father of Capt. John S. Hankins. Capt. Hankins served one campaign with Walker in Nicaragua and then in the Civil War, and may have been David Ladd's company commander during most of that war. John Hankins was sheriff of Sevier County, l880-l882. He may have been the one to persuade Crockett to return to Arkansas and instrumental in having him appointed Deputy Sheriff upon his return. Crocket is said to have been a deputy United States Marshall. In order for him to have the authority to go into the Indian Territory and arrest horse thieves this would be true. According to an article in The Goodspeed Biographical and Historical Memories of southern Arkansas, which was written in about l890, Crocket had business interest in Antimony City, Nashville and Silver City, Arkansas. I have always had the view that Crocket got taken in on these business ventures. He was probably cheated by some business men and evened the score by shedding some of their blood and the bruising of skin. Jim Ladd, will tell you that his grandpaw was very hard on those who owed him money and then didn't pay the debt. Ask Jim about the time that he borrowed a dime and couldn't pay it back as promised. In 1974, I talked to a Mr. Riley, of King, Arkansas, who said that some of the law-men of Seiver county warned Crockett's brothers to get him out of the state or they would have to arrest him. This is most likely when he moved to Texas for "health reasons." Mr. Riley said that he knew the Ladd family well. He was married to Mary Carol Hankins (daughter of Marion Hankins and Elizabeth _ on 22 Jul 1881. 1 Family tradition says that Crocket came to Oklahoma, Indian Territory, while tracking horse thieves. When this was asked of Jim Ladd, the grandson that grew up near his grandfather, he related the following story: "Granddad showed me the ruins of an old rock house and told me that he had danced all night there when he first came to the Territory. The next morning he went to where the two horse thieves were known to be. He approached them, in a public place, identified himself, and informed them that they were under arrest and that they could go back to Arkansas either sitting upright or slung across their saddles, that it did not matter to him which; they chose to go upright in their saddles." In l952 or '53, Jim met an old man in Durant who had been a witness to the arrest. He told Jim his version of the arrest and ended his story with the comment that, "Crocket Ladd was the meanest little left handed man that he had ever known." According to family stories, Crocket was very impressed with the country around Atoka and that he moved his family there not too long after the arrest of the horse thieves. He and his wife Mary had twelve children, four of which died as infants. Their youngest child, Lora, remembers her mother as "the best cook that ever set foot in a kitchen" and her father as a good man but one whose word was the law and gospel. In October l985, the youngest of these twelve children wrote: "Lora M. Ladd Winters, youngest child of David Crocket Ladd and Mary Carol Hankins Ladd. Dad birth date, Feb. 26, l860. Mother's, December 30, l859, both born in Arkansas. As far as I know; Jim, Walter, Ed and Roy all borned before they came to Oklahoma. I was born at Silo, Oklahoma. We were farmers, always had stock. Raised most of our living on the farm; went to town twice a year for things we didn't have on the farm. We butchered plenty of pork to do from one winter until time for hog killing time, had plenty of milk and butter from our cows and had lots of chickens. Canned and dried our fruit and vegetables. Always had plenty of good food and Molly as Papa called her was the best cook that ever went into a kitchen. No modern conveniences; did the work the hard way. "We lived in Bryan County until I was about ten years old and then moved back to Atoka County. We still farmed on the big scale. Dad dealt in cattle, we family did most of the farming. When court was in session my dad was always on jury duty. We kids was like most, didn't keep the work up and Mama would say Crockett will be mad and if we don't have all the things done he had laid out for us. So, before he come in we would work real hard because Dad was very strict, his word was his hand, a good provider. When we quit farming he still had cattle. Larkin my brother leased a place in Bryan County and Papa and Mama moved down there, taking his cattle, and Larkin had cattle too, during the year. Their house and all their belongings burned there. They sold their cows and moved to where Ray lived, five miles east of Atoka. They used the money from the sale of the cows and built a house and there they lived for the rest of their lives. Mama lived for four months after Papa was gone. My sister Annie came and stayed with her." Annie, the older sister of Lora, lived in Fort Smith, Arkansas for many years and was very close to Arthur Ladd, the son of Henry. She often visited with her Aunt Rebecca who lived in Heavenor, Oklahoma. Lora said that her Grandpa Ladd came to visit them when she was six years old. That was the only time that she ever met any of her grandparents. Mary Carol Hankins was born on 30 Dec 1859 in Sevier County, Arkansas. She died on 26 Jan 1942 in Atoka, Oklahoma. She was a Housewife. She was buried in Atoka, cemetery. Children of David Crockett Ladd and Mary Carol Hankins: +2 i. James Marion Ladd. +3 ii. Walter David Ladd. +4 iii. William Edward Ladd. +5 iv. Roy Levi Ladd. +6 v. Raymond D. Ladd. +7 vi. Henriette (Annie) E. Ladd. +8 vii. Larkin L. Ladd. +9 viii. Lora Marie Ladd. SECOND GENERATION 2. James Marion Ladd2 was born on 24 Jul 1882 in DeQueen, Arkansas. He died on 15 Feb 1969 in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. He was buried on 17 Feb 1969 in Memorial Park cemetery, Okla. City. He was a Business man. He has reference number Family record. James was a business man who operated wagon yards in Boswell and Durant, OK. He ran grocery stores and meat markets in Durant. He moved to Lubbock, Tx. in the late 1920's where he owned and operated Hotel's, Resturants, and Tourist Courts (Motels). In the late 1940's he moved to Oklahoma City where he owned a Hotel. James moto was: "It is better to sell apples on the street corner than to work for someone else." He was a very generous man and provided for his mother and father, brothers and sisters, and fellow man. My father, Mark Ladd, told of the time that a man came into Jim's store on south second street in Durant and wanted to trade a pocket knife for some groceries. Jim was not in the store at the time and the man in charge would not trade. When Jim returned and heard about it he was upset because they had not traded with the man. He was married to Edna Mae Duer (daughter of Thomas William Duer and Frances Bohanan) on 1 Sep 1904 in Durant OK.3 Edna Mae Duer was born on 18 Mar 1881 in Choctaw Nation I.T. She died in Nov 1927 in Durant, OK. She was buried Durant, OK in Bohannon/Veach cemetery. She was a Housewife. Edna Duer was 1/4 degree Choctaw Indian. James Marion Ladd and Edna Mae Duer had the following children: +10 i. Cecil Earl Ladd. +11 ii. Jewel William Ladd. +12 iii. Mark Austin Ladd. 13 iv. Tana Lee Ladd was born on 2 Jul 1918 in Durant, Oklahoma. She died on 26 Feb 1920 in Durant, Oklahoma. She was buried unk. in Bohanan/Veach cemetery - Durant, Oklahom. She was a n/a. She has reference number Family records. 3. Walter David Ladd was born on 8 Jan 1884 in Paris, Texas. He died on 13 Nov 1967 in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. He was buried in Atoka, Oklahoma. He was married to Nettie Mahala Beal (daughter of William Clyde Beal and Donna Eunice Wingate) on 25 Dec 1906 in Silo, Bryan county, Oklahoma. Nettie Mahala Beal was born on 11 Nov 1891 in Silo, Bryan county, Oklahoma. She died on 23 Oct 1971 in Norman, Oklahoma. She was buried in Dibble, Oklahoma. Walter David Ladd and Nettie Mahala Beal had the following children: +14 i. Nina Mary Ladd. +15 ii. Winfred Clyde Ladd. +16 iii. Oleta Nona Ladd. +17 iv. Johnie Claude Ladd. +18 v. Oneta Eugene Ladd. +19 vi. Hilda Charlene Ladd. +20 vii. George Le Roy Ladd. +21 viii. Ernest Elwood Ladd. +22 ix. Laura Lynn Ladd. Rose _____ was born in 1896. She died in 1960. She was buried in Atoka, Oklahoma. Rose is said to have been a devoted Christian lady and was instrumental in the conversion of Walter to the Christian faith. 4. William Edward Ladd was born on 8 Mar 1886 in Sevier County, Arkansas. He died in Apr 1966 in Norman, OK Rt. #16 73069. Ed's occupation was coal miner on the 1920 census. He was married to Angie Radarcker on 15 Dec 1909 in Durant, Oklahoma. Angie Radarcker was born in 1891 in KN. She was christened in 1920 in Bentley, Atoka Co., OK. William Edward Ladd and Angie Radarcker had the following children: 23 i. Boyd Ladd was born in 1911 in OK. He was living in 1920 in Bentley, Atoka Co., OK. Boyd was a deaf mute. He was a boot maker by trade. 24 ii. Arval Ladd was born in 1918 in OK. He was living in 1920 in Bentley, Atoka Co., OK. 25 iii. Mary Ladd. 5. Roy Levi Ladd was born on 2 Jan 1884 in Sevier County, Arkansas. He was a resident in 1920 in Atoka county, OK. He died on 2 Dec 1966 in Minco, Oklahoma. He was buried in Minco, Oklahoma. Roy is enumerated as a Lodger, and living with M.D. Daffin, in Durant, Okla. on the 1910 Bryan Co., Oklahoma census. In Feb. of `1998 Crocket Winters, the s/o Lora (Ladd) Winters wrote: Our uncle Roy was a laborer in the mines and the "oil fields." He was short and heavy built. He said when the boss would come down the line picking out the "big men" he had some heavy lifting to do he would include uncle Roy. Jennie Daffin (daughter of Samuel V. Daffin and Mary Wormack) was born on 13 Feb 1893 in Texas. She was a resident in 1920 in Atoka county, OK. She died on 28 Jan 1953 in Minco, Oklahoma. She was a Housewife. She was buried in Minco, Oklahoma. Roy Levi Ladd and Jennie Daffin had the following children: 26 i. David Crockett Ladd was born on 4 Mar 1912 in Atoka, Oklahoma. He died in Aug 1983 in Minco, Oklahoma. He was buried in Minco, Oklahoma. David had spinal menigitis as a child and was disabled and never married. He lived with his parents most of his life. He was a loving christian man. His mother accused him of keeping her brooms worn out from sweeping the Assembly of God church house in Minco. He took care of his parents in their old age. 27 ii. Leon Edwin Ladd was born on 18 Jul 1915 in Atoka, Oklahoma. He died in Dec 1983 in Minco, Oklahoma. He was buried in Minco, Oklahoma. +28 iii. James Leroy Ladd. +29 iv. Elsie Inez Ladd. +30 v. Dorthy Mary Ladd. +31 vi. Lois Louise Ladd. 32 vii. Dolphus Ladd was born on 9 Oct 1930 in Minco, Oklahoma. He was living in 1998 in Spanaway, Washington. He was an U.S. Air Force. Dolphus (Duke) career military man (USAF). He retired and in 1992 was living in Spanaway, Washington. He was very active in retirement working with re-covering alcholic's and continuing his education. +33 viii. Bertha Bernice Ladd. 6. Raymond D. Ladd was born on 21 May 1894 in Atoka, Oklahoma. He died on 15 Feb 1977 in Atoka, Oklahoma. He was buried in Atoka, Oklahoma. Raymond (Ray) was very active in Politics. He was a personal friend of Carl Albert the well know Senator of Oklahoma. He lived his entire life near Atoka, Oklahoma, except for short periods of time, when the family left the area to work. Stella Hall, who was named after her grandmother, told about a time when she and her husband went to her grandparent's house for a visit. While they were talking in the front room they heard a noise in the bathroom. Stella asked Ray if he had a plumber working in the bathroom. Ray mumbled something that they didn't understand and the subject was dropped. After a period of time, and as they were getting ready to leave, the person who had been in the bathroom came out to tell Ray that he had got his commode fixed. The man was dressed in a coat and tie. When he saw Stella and her husband he introduced himself. He was an Oklahoma State Senator! There was a time when Ray was ill and he was having a hard time financially. Many times during this crisis Ray would go to his mail box and find money that his many friends had left there. Crocket Winters the s/o Lora (Ladd) Winters wrote in 1998: Mother's brother Ray thought every Ladd was a special person. We kids of the Sam & Lora Winters family were raised close the Ray and Stella Ladd family. We were as close as brothers and sisters. We never had any cross words or fights. He was married to Stella Ruth Woods (daughter of Andrew Dunlap Woods and Sofrona Jane Hatley) on 26 May 1912 in Caddo, Oklahoma. Stella Ruth Woods was born on 12 May 1897 in Tennessee. She died on 19 Mar 1974 in Atoka, Oklahoma. Raymond D. Ladd and Stella Ruth Woods had the following children: +34 i. Cecil Ladd. +35 ii. Mary Jane Ladd. 36 iii. Paul Ladd was born on 1 Mar 1917 in Stringtown. He died in Jan 1977 in Muskogee, Oklahoma. He was buried in Fort Gibson, Oklahoma. +37 iv. Dona Vera Ladd. +38 v. Jimmie J. Ladd. +39 vi. Oleta F. Ladd. +40 vii. Jackson Ladd. +41 viii. Juanita Ladd. 42 ix. Ruth Ann Ladd was born in 1933 in Atoka, Oklahoma. She died in died in infancy. She was buried in Bera Cemetery, Atoka Oklahoma. 7. Henriette (Annie) E. Ladd was born on 8 Jul 1897 in Atoka, Oklahoma. She died on 2 Nov 1978. She was buried in Atoka, Oklahoma. She was a resident in Fort Smith, AR. Children of Henriette (Annie) E. Ladd and Charlie Stanford: 43 i. Bertha Stanford. 8. Larkin L. Ladd was born on 20 Jan 1899 in Atoka, Oklahoma. He died on 31 Jan 1962 in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. He was a resident in Durant & Oklahoma City Oklahoma. Larkin was a business man. He ran a used car lot in Durant and after he moved to Oklahoma City he ran a small grocery store there. He was shot and killed when the store was robbed. Larkin L. Ladd and Clara Clayton had the following children: 44 i. Wandeen Ladd. Wandeen was adopted. 9. Lora Marie Ladd was born on 7 Mar 1902 in Silo, Bryan county, Oklahoma. She died on 26 Nov 1997 in Ada, OK. She was buried on 29 Nov 1997 in Stonewall, Pontotoc, Oklahoma. She was a Housewife. Standing strong in the Grace of her Lord and Savior Jesus Chirst. Lora Marie (Ladd) Winters was a rock of encouragement to her children, grandchildren, neices and nephews. Her life was a witness and testimony to all who came to know her. I, for one, can say that my life is much improved for having known her in these fleeting moments that we call life. And, I am eagerly anticipating the eternal family reunion which is waiting on the other side. In Feb. 1998 Crocket Winters the s/o Lora (Ladd) Winters wrote: "Mother's brother, uncle Ray thought every Ladd was a special person. We kids of the Sam & Lora Winters family were raised close to each other, the Ray and Stella Ladd family. We were as close as brothers and sisters. We never had any cross words or fights. At one time we lived close to uncle Edd & Aunt Angie. There was Boyd, Orville, and I can't remember any of the rest. They had the Post Office in the Crystal, Okla. area. The Post Office was in a log cabin. We lived in the Log Cabin after uncle Edd and Aunt Angie left. Our uncle Roy was a laborer, in the mines and in the Oil Fields he worked. He was short and heavy built. He said when the Boss would come down the line picking out the Big Men, he had some heavy lifting to do. Noble Ladd of the "Stockyards" of Oklahoma City as he called himself when he ran for President of the State Board of argriculture. He was defeated and I never heard of him again." She was married to Sam George Winters on 12 Mar 1917 in Bennington, Oklahoma. Sam George Winters was born on 13 May 1894 in Blossom, Lamar county, TX.. He died on 3 Sep 1971 in Ada, Pontotoc county, Oklahoma. He was an Oil field construction. He was buried in Stonewall, Pontotoc, Oklahoma. Lora Marie Ladd and Sam George Winters had the following children: 45 i. David Crockett Winters was born on 21 Dec 1917 in Crystal, Atoka county, Oklahoma. He was a resident in 1998 in Davis, OK. He was an Oil field worker. 46 ii. George Clifford Winters was born on 21 Dec 1917 in Crystal, Atoka county, Oklahoma. He died on 20 Sep 1986 in Fittstown, Oklahoma. He was buried in Highland cemetery, Stonewall, Oklahoma. 47 iii. Thelma Mildred Winters was born on 14 Feb 1920 in Crystal, Oklahoma. She died on 13 Jul 1993 in Norman, OK. She was buried in Green Hill cemetery- Lindsay, OK. Thelma m. Kenneth A. Burnett, Sulphur, OK, 3 July, 1938. children: 1. Gary. 2. Jim. 3. Jan. Thelma moved to Lindsay in 1949 and was in the retail clothing business. She was preceded in death by her husband who died 15 Nov. 1976. Thelma had six grandchildren and two great-grandchildren. 48 iv. Clifton O. Winters was born on 14 May 1922 in Crystal, Oklahoma. He died on 29 Sep 1983 in Dolores, Colorado. 49 v. Velma Virginia Winters was born on 16 Feb 1926 in Crystal, Oklahoma. Submitted by: Charles Ladd ------------------------------------------------------------------------