Marcus F. Wright's Civil War Bios -  Gen. John Cliffors Pemberton

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                                 PEMBERTON
   p.581
   PEMBERTON, GEN. JOHN CLIFFORS, born in Philadelphia, Pa., August 10,
   1814. Graduated at West Point, and assigned to artillery service
   against the Seminoles. Promoted to first lieutenant, and assigned to
   service as aide to Gen. Worth in Mexican war. distinguished at
   Monterey and Molino del Rey, and brevetted captain. Entered
   Confederate service as lieutenant-colonel. June 17, 1861 made
   brigadier. February 13, 1862 made major-general. Commanded Departments
   of Georgia, South Carolina, and Florida. Made lieutenant-general
   October 13, 1862, and placed in charge of Departments of Mississippi,
   Tennessee, and Eastern Louisiana. In comand of defenses at Vicksburg,
   and defeated at Champion Hills May 16, 1863. Driven into Vicksburg by
   Grant and forced to surrender July 4, 1863. Later, an inspector of
   ordnance at Charleston, S.C. In 1876 located at Philadelphia, where he
   died July 13, 1881.