Creek Nation, Indian Territory, Creek Emigration Letters ************************************************************************ USGENWEB NOTICE: These electronic pages may NOT be reproduced in any format for profit or presentation by any other organization or persons. Persons or organizations desiring to use this material, must obtain the written consent of the contributor, or the legal representative of the submitter, and contact the listed USGenWeb archivist with proof of this consent. ************************************************************************ Submitted By: Lance Hall texlance@swbell.net This is a transcription of a few Creek Emigration related letters from National Archives microfilm series M234, rolls 237-240. Series M234 reproduces letters received by the Office of Indian Affairs, rolls 237-240 contain correspondence relating to Creek Emigration. Many of these are very hard to read and there are no doubt mistakes in the transcriptions. Some words were italicised to indicate unsure interpretation but the italics are lost in this text only file. Generally the body of the letter is followed by the name and position of the author and then by the name of the person the letter is addressed to, usually the Secretary of War or the Commissioner of Indians Affairs. Transcribed by Lance L. Hall -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 237, frame 58] Washington, Sept. 5th, 1827 Sir, The emigrating party of Creek Indians are to commence assembling on the 15th of the present month, and the 1st of October is the time appointed for our departure from the nation. There is such a variety if incidents which must accrue in the performance of my duties, and the time so limited, as not to admit a second correspondence. I took the liberty of coming to this place with a wish of explaining, as far as in my power, my views, and to anticipate such measures as would best facilitate the interest of the Government. In addition to the communication made to Mr. Nourse, I had reserved to mention for your consideration, the expediency of appointing a Sub-Agent, which will be more important during the movement than at any future period, as my duties will not permit me to remain long with either party until the emigration is complete. The emoluments of the office are not such as to induce many who are qualified to accept in short, there are but few in this instance who could be useful, and I know of none, who from his acquaintances with the nation, and knowledge of their language, could render me as much assistance, as Captain Anthony; whose letter to you on that subject I herewith enclose. Should you require further evidence of his character and fitness it will be in his power to satisfy you. I have had his assistance during my recent stay in the nation, for which I allowed his expenses only. As to the number that will emigrate this fall, it is impossible to form any correct estimates, even by knowing those who express a desire to go. It is so much their habit to postpone and neglect every preparatory arrangement until the last hour. It is probable 500 will be in readiness, which is as large a number as would be prudent to make the experiment at that season; the weather of course will be cold on their arrival, and if they suffer much it will pause future operations. I have the honor to be, Sir, Very Respectfully Yr. Obdt. Servt. D. Brearly Agt. M. Affs. Honl. James Barbour ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 237, frame 72] Tuscumbia, Alabama Dec. 1st, 1827 Sir I have the honour to inform you, that the party of emigrating Creek Indians under my charge arrived at this place on the 25th inst. Finding that the difficulties and expense attending this transportation by land, could not be with propriety further sustained, as soon as the weather would permit ... 28th those possessing horses and others relying [on] the public teams amounting to upwards of three hundred proceeded by land, the balance nearly four hundred and fifty, for whom boats and provisions are furnished will embark tomorrow morning. I have the honour to be With greatest respect Your obt. General D. Brearly Agt. __ Hon. James Barbour Secretary of War ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 237, frame 158] Indian Camp, Creek Nation July 18th, 1828 The Honl Thomas L. McKenny Sir, We the undersigned being a part of the emigrating party of Indians now on our way for the Arkansas deem it our duty to state to the government of the United States the facts in relation to the treatment of the Indians who is opposed to Emigration. During the time we were in camp near Lewis' Stand horses were stolen from us of which we made complaint to Col. Brearly who was then in Washington City. The horses we then complained of was actually stolen of which fact we have the proof but they have been recovered. But when we left that camp almost every night we have had some taken, more or less seventeen in one night. In the morning they were pursued and a part of them recovered. When they were found the bells were taken off .. with some hickory bark, a flat string, and ropes around their necks. The whole we have lost and we made the complaint above mentioned is twenty, seventeen of which is entirely gone .. unless we ----- than we expect .. the chief of this party has come this conclusion not to take any from the other party as is Indian custom but to rely on the government for a fair investigation and make the nation accountable for the horses. We are the people that is in accordance with the views of the government and therefore do expect and hope that you will see that we have justice done us. It is useless for us to call on the chiefs for Justice for they are offended with us for doing as the government desires. You are our dependence. We remain your children & c. Different Towns: Hitcheta: Benjm Lott John Winslett Coweta: K. Lewis Samuel Sells Seno-way Chiwackley: Powes Hargo Coweta: Coe Marthley Oak mulge mico Chiwackley: Tuskenehah Thlatch Le Hargo Coosawda: Potock Hargo Co se yoholo Cuseta: Artis Hargo Thlock Qu-chee Tuckabatchee: David Pigeon W J Wills? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 237, frame 131] Fort Mitchell 6th Sept 1828 Sir I have the honour of informing you that I have arrived here on the 27th Ult. I perceive the disposition to emigrate is evidently increasing and although the same ---- influence is exercised by the chiefs and others to prevent it. If time permitted many hundreds might be added to the present party which the advanced stage of the season will not authorise us to expect? Many influential men have come forward and stated that they have been kept back by what they are now satisfied were false representations, and that by spring instead of calling out a few families whole towns can be removed. From necessity alone if not again fear by the government they must go as the present crop of corn which now detains many will barely last them through the winter, and a great portion of their next annuity being anticipated they will not have the means -- puchase. I shalt therefore after seeng a few more of the chief in this quarter, proceed to the general rendezvous about one hundred and fifty miles from this, and with as little delay as possible and put the party already assembled in motion. I would take the liberty of suggesting to you the expediency of changing the head quarters of the company now stationed in the nation. In the vicinity of this place we have no opposition to apprehend, which the presence of Troop, can control. It is from the Upper towns that we have been openly outraged and have the greatist reason to expect insolence. This will place them on the side of the nation where we must have our general rendezvous where experience has proven that Troops are essencially necessary. Besides every circumstance that can be brought to bear against emigration is used and a report is barely? circulated by the opposition party that the troops were called for by Col Crawell for their protection against the white people & and the fact being known that he had requested troops and their being stationed here is calculated to enforce that belief and thus instead of furthering by their presence the interest of migration, will have the contrary effect. The Sub agency at the Pole Cat Springs is about eight miles from the Tuckubachee town the seat of hostile opposition - that or its vicinity would be an eligible place for the Troops. I have the honour to be Very Respectfully Your obedt. Servt D. Brearly Agt In. Affs. To Hon. Peter B. Porter. Secretary of War ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 237, frame 136] Western Camp Agency Dec. 12, 1828 Sir I have the honour to inform you that the land party of emigrating Creeks consisting of two hundred and thirty-six arrived at this place on the 28th of November being fifty-four days on the road from the Creek Nation in Alabama. The water party I have not heard from since they passed Memphis in the early part of this month. I presume they are detained at the mouth of White River on account of the low state of the water. I am using every exertion to close the payment of provisions, immediately after which I shall return to the old nation. The exploring delegation of Creeks under Mr. L. Blake came here and were kindly received by the emigrants who express a great desire for a reunion of the parties which there is no difficuly in affecting and a general produced if improper interference be prevented. It is also my duty to mention to you that a modification of the late Cherokee Treaty or a definite construction of that under which the emigration together with the promises made them which seems to be provided for in the passage of the Cherokee Treaty will be requisite to continue the emigration. You will be furnished with a map of this section of country by Colonel Arbuckle together with his views and knowledge of the subject to which I humbly offer to add mine when I reach the city which of course will be before the movement of another party could take place. I have the honour to be Very Respectfully Your obedt. Servt D. Brearly Agt Ind. Aff. To the Honorable Peter B. Porter. Secretary of War ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 237, frame 260] Columbus, Jan. 22, 1829 Our Great Father We have written on to you by Mr. Blake who carried us on as an exploring party to examine the country West of the Mississippi. We have traveled a great way with Mr. Blake and are glad to find him our friend who has studied our interest & has been friendly in supplying our wants. We have known him long & have ever found him a friend to our people & we had the utmost confidence in our Great Father when he appointed Mr. Blake to accompany us. We love him & we wish our Great Father to appoint hime to carry our people West of the Mississippi. We have now arrived among our people & given them the talk and they are willing to go with Mr. Blake for we have known him long and he has always been our friend & the friend of our people. We know he would take care of our women & orphan children & they have confidence in more than they have in strangers. Our Great Father appointed the best man to go with his children because they knew him & they have been with him on a long journey & they have not been deceived in him. We like the country & want our Great Father to appoint him to go with our people & settle the country that our Great Father has given us on the West of the Mississippi. When we arrived home a great many of our friends came to see us & we told them it was a fine country, a plenty of Buffalow, Elk, Deer, Bear & Turkey & that your red children should remove there & they have listened to our talk and are willing to go if our friend Mr. Blake go with & see us justice done. We the delegation arrived at the Chatahoochy in good health. Daniel Perryman, Interpretor Coe Marthla {X} Head chief Tuscemeha {X} Ch-ste {X} {I certify that this is an exact representation of the chiefs interpreted to me in the presence of any person but themselves.} N. H. Collins ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M2324, roll 237, frame 267] Little Rock, A. Territory August 14, 1829 Dear Father, We have the pleasure to wright you a few lines this day. Our agent Capt. Walker who you authorised to take us to our new country has treated us well, gave us a plenty to eat, and we are sorry he is going to leave us this day. He has fed us all well, one know better than another. He holds the orphan child by the hand. He has brought us in boats. We came down the rivers in flat boats to the mouth of White river. He there got a steam boat to take us up the Arkansas river. It could not go far, the water was so low. He then got boats and horses for the sick people and fetched us this far. We have lost some of your red children by sickness but if we were at home the Almighty would take some of us away. We had some of our friends that went to our new country and came back to us and told us it was a good country. We took thier talk for we belief them to be straight men. We have not got there yet but as far as we have come we have seen good land and are much pleased with the country this far. Dear father, we old men did not come to this country on our own good but for our children who loves to hunt we find plenty of game, more than we can detroy. We have every reason to belief we will get them soon. Great Father, we hope you will be pleased with few lines about our agent Capt. Walker for we are well pleased [with] him. To Andrew Jackson President of the United States Easter Charco mick co Tustenuge Thlockco Easter Charco Hargo Powes Mickco Tuskenahah Holatter Mickco Coe Marthler Hollatter Thlockco Tusttenuge Chopco Daniel Perriman Coe Hargo ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 237, frames 348-54, punctuation added] Western Creek Nation October 25 1831 To Our Father the President U.S. We have lately had a talk with W. McKoy the gentlemen you sent to run and lay off the lines between the Creeks, Cherokees, & Choctaws in the interview with him we made the following propositions Viz. We told him we would except the Territory between the Verdagris and Canadian and its contents, but in case it should be out of the power of the President to give us that we then told him we would exchange with the Cherokees and take the lands north of the Verdagris and with the Arkansas river to Fort Smith then bounded on the north by the state of Missouri and if that could not be done the lands west of the Old Territorial line we hold by treaty. Since that we have been informed that the surveyors intend going up the Arkansas and Canadian how far we do not know above the Territorial line to make up the seven million acres ceded to the Cherokees. When our delagation was at Washington City in 1830 they then asked for more land knowing that we had not enough should we get all above the Territorial line and now to have the land between the Arkansas and Canadian taken from us and pushed out in the open prairie where it would be impossible for us to live. We cannot nor will we ever agree to. Our people have already settled the Country and do not intend to be removed without it is done by force. We have always taken the advice of our Father. When he told us to come to this country we came with the promise of having an unmolested home, having left behind us a country that we loved and where lay the bones of our Fathers and then to be a driven into the open prairie out of sight of timber and there to perish it is enough to make our hearts bleed at the though of it. We know if our Father could his eyes see our situation he would say to us you are right and shall have what you ask our Father. The sixth article of the Treaty at Washington City the Twenty fourth January 1826 states that the emigrating party shall send an exploring party to view and select a country which exploring party did select and say that the lands between the Verdagris and Canadian was the country they selected for the Creeks to settle as will be proven by the certificates of Col. Arbuckle & Doct. Baylor. On the arrival of the first emigrants Col. Brearly thought it best for the people to settle between the Verdagris and Arkansas as it would be inconvenient to furnish provisions on the Canadian and that it would be too far from the garrison to render them any aid or assistance against the savages of the wild Indians. Col. Arbuckle also thought it best for the present but as our people emigrated we could then settle it and at this time there is at least one third of our people living between the Arkansas and Canadian. We ask our Father if it would not be hard to drive them from a comfortable home where they have good water and timber sufficient for them to a prairie where certain death would soon meet them, no wood no water for their subsistence. We will not. We would rather meet death here. We claim that country as our right guarantied to us by a treaty and to give it up we never can for a moment think of it and when we claim nothing but our own we know the magnanimity of our great Father will not suffer us to be imposed on or suffer the land to be taken away from us. We have already invited our Brothers and Friends from the Old Nation to come and live with us. How can we receive them? We have very little timbered country now and when that is taken away from us what shall we say to them? We cannot give them our houses and fields. No, we must say to them, there is the prairie and there you must settle. If Col. Brearly the officer of the Government has made a report unfavorable to us we cannot consent to be the sufferers to our ultimate ruin and destruction. We hope our Father will take our situation into consideration and not think us troublesome when we make so reasonable a request. All we want is land sufficient to live comfortably and raise our children. And should there be any land taken above the Territorial line from us our situation will be a bad one. Anticipating all will be settled to our satisfaction we respectfully submit the subject for your consideration. Roley McIntosh Chilly McIntosh Fushatchy Micco Holthelpo-- Tustannuggee Isopoak oak Harjo Hospotock Harjo War lock O Harjo Ninneho mar to chee Hopoy O Chee Talmassee Corser Yoholo Tustanuggee Chopco Benjamin Perryman Hillabee Tustanuggee Samuel Perryman Thleophilus Perryman Holatar Thlocko Obayock Micco Easter Charco Harjo Haneher Tustanuggee Spanna Micco Tuska enehah Oaketta Ockney Tuska enehah Thomas Stidham Chacotee Tustannuggee Gisker liger Emarthler Tuscono Fixico Tucka batchee Harjo Done in the presents of Jno. Campbell, Agent Creeks Hugh Love Eli Jacobs C. C. N.? Benj Hawkins, Inter. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 237, frame 381] Western Creek Agency 4th Sept. 1833 Sir, I have to solicit your attention to the case of the Teamster which I discover by the voucher that Comptroller has sent me has been reduced to fifty cents per day; this would not board and clothe a man in this country, boarding is from $12 to $15 per month, and a good field hand cannot be got for less than $15 per month, and his boarding and washing proved him, a good steady teamster that can be --- or can not be had for less than a dollar per day, when he boards himself. Mr. Ballard has quit the employment some time since believing that he could do better than he would by getting a dollar per day in the public service. I have therefore sir most respectfully to solicit a reconsideration of this matter in order that this young man who is a very trusty honest one may have justice done him. Genl. Chilly McIntosh a few days since reported a party of emigrants consisting of sixty persons, part of which was brought in last spring by Benjamin Hawkins, and the rest amounting to upwards of forty was brought on by Genl. McIntosh, and as I have had no instructions as to what manner this years provisions are to be supplied I am completely at a loss how to proceed. I understand there will a great many come on this fall on their own account and they are all anxious to draw provisions as soon as the arrive. There has been upwards of one hundred cases of cholera at Fort Gibson within the last two months, but it has now entirely subsided without having one solitary case in the Creek Nation, but the Creeks are unusually sickly for the last month with ---ious fevers. I have the honor to be, Sir, Respectfully You Obt. Servt. Jno. Campbell Elbert Herring Esqr. Commissioner Indn. Affrs. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 237, frame 498, hard to read] Steam Boat "Former" 35 miles above White River 15th Oct. 1836 Sir, I have the honor to inform you that 12 or 1300 of Detachment No. 1 Emigrating Creek Indians under my charge are there for on their way to their new homes west of the Mississippi. We left Memphis yesterday on board the S. B. "Former". The Indians were adverse to water transportation, but on a proper re------ of the horrid condition of the roads through the Miss. Swamp they consented to go on board the boats. Thus far they appear satisfied. Nothing shall be wanting on my part to make them comfortable, and to guard against accident. We left in the vicinity of Memphis three Detachments (say 8,000 Indians) who will follow us. As soon as the boats (3 in number) can carry them from that place to Rock Row on White River, where we intend to debarque and resume our march by land. The health of the Indians composing the different Detachments is generally good and I hope that nothing will ---- to retain or prevent the full and final accomplishment of the views of the Govt. in relation to these people. Thus far we have been successful, and I think, that with ------- and --- we will be able to get all their people to their new homes. I am Sir very Respectfully Your Obt. M. W. Bateman 1 Liut. --- Militery Agent 1st Det. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 237, next frames] Camp Rock Row, White River, Arkansas 18th Oct 1836 We arrived at this place last night. All is in good health. The White River is over it's banks. We will have much trouble in crossing the ponies over it. M. W. B. [note: M. W. Bateman died July 31, 1837 Mt. Vernon's Pass, Al.] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 237] Strong's Stand at St. Francis Post Office 2 miles west of St. Francis River Crossing Arkansas 22nd November 1836 To, General George Gibson Commissary General of Subsistence General, I take the present opportunity of detailing the operations of the Indian Removal that have come to my knowledge, since I had the honor to address you from Memphis on the 5th instant. On the afternoon of that day the larger portion of the Party under my charge embarked on board of two Steam Boats & reached a point on White River, 2 miles below Rock Row; the first within four days, & the last within seven days after starting. The latter was detained by running aground. All arrived in good condition, but on reaching Rock Row we found to our surprise, that no adequate preparation had been made for the reception of our Party. There was Coon sufficient for the subsistence of the Indians to be had in the neighborhood, by the use of a S. Boat, but no fresh meat had been provided & for one week after our arrival, none was issued & only a stinted allowance of indifferent bacon. Before leaving Memphis a large number of our Party, refused to go by Steam, & left that place by land previous to the departure of the Boats. A sub-agent of the Company was sent through to conduct them, as I understood, with several assistants, and I consequently hoped they would join the main Body of the Party, at Rock Row without difficulty. Very different however has been the result, and I have to state that the whole of the land operations, from Memphis to Rock Row have been badly conducted, & in several respects, entirely at variance with the provisions of the Contract. In the first place, there has been and entire failure in the manner of issuing the provision. There were but two stands established between Memphis and Cache, (which place is 8 miles above Rock Row and 95 miles from Memphis). One of these was 17 miles from Memphis, the other is the place at which I am now writing, and is 56 miles from Cache & 39 from Memphis. In the next place the Indians were not conducted from Memphis to Rock Row. The Agent sent in charge of them it seems had other matters to attend to. He accompanied a part of the land Party to this point and waited here several days but not until all had come up. He then issued to those present, and posted on to Rock Row, leaving most of the Indians under his charge, to shift for themselves. I waited near Rock Row until the 19th instant, hoping every day, from the statements of the above mentioned Agent that the Indians would all come up. My hopes however were vain, & I therefore determined to return for them, accompanied by an Agent of [the] Company. The roads from Rock Row, are as bad as possible & I have been 3 days in reaching this place. I found between 3 & 4 hundred Indians, encamped at intervals of a few miles, along the whole road; many of them belonging to other Parties than that under my charge, and the reasons assigned by them for their detention were fully sufficient. Some were tired & sick & had no transportation. Others had had no provisions issued to them, since leaving Memphis, and I found the whole road from Rock Row full of dead horses and Indian Ponies. There should have been provision stands, throughout the whole route as required by the Contract, and the Agents should have remained with the Indians, and continued to urge then on, & assist & encourage them, until the whole of the Swamps had been passed. I believe that all of our Party & in fact all those now emigrating, are now to the west of this, but it is possible that there may still be a few families to the east of the St. Francis River. I cannot however return further, with a due regard to the interest of the Party under my charge. The main body of our Indians, set out, from near Rock Row, on the 20th inst and are now, probably between that place & Little Rock. Tomorrow I shall return & overtake them, as speedily as possible & will take the proper measures to enable the straggling Indians to overtake the main Body of the Party, without delay. It is an unpleasant duty I have to perform, to report the neglect of others, but I shall not shrink from doing so, whenever it becomes necessary. In conclusion I have to say that unless more regard is paid by the responsible Agents of the Emigrating Company, & to the requirements of the Contract; a due regard to the rights & interests of the Indians, imperiously demands that they should be discharged from all further connection with the Emigration of these much oppressed & unfortunate people. I have the honour to be General Most Respectfully You Obedt Servant Edw. Deas Lieut U. S. Army Disbg. Agent Creek Emigration ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frame 191] Fort Gibson Arkansas 25th January 1837 To C. A. Harris Esquire Sir, I have the honour to state that the Party of Creek Indians which I accompanied from Alabama as principal Government Agent, arrived at this destination near this Post on the 23rd instant. Nothing of particular interest relative to the Emigration, has occurred under my observation, since I last had the honour to address the Commissary General of Subsistence, upon this subject, from Little Rock, upon the 19th ultimo. There are many statements in the News Papers of that town relating to the Emigrating Indians a few of which are correct, some exaggerated, & others grossly false. Amongst the latter is the assertion that the Chief Tuckabachee Hadjo & his people were driven from the state of Arkansas by the militia. On the contrary he joined my Party upon its arrival near his place of Encampment, without the slightest compulsions, and as far as I have observed, the Indians have behaved towards the people of Arkansas in an orderly & friendly manner. My journal of occurrences upon the Route, will exhibit in detail every thing of interest which took place relative to the Party under my charge & it will be forwarded by me agreeably to the instructions which I have received upon the subject. I have the honour to be Sir Very Respectfully Your Obedt Servant Edw. Deas Lieut U. S. Army & Disbursg Agent with the Creek Emigration ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frame 561] Fort Mitchell Ala. 7th March 1837 Sir, I have the honour to report I have appointed two assistant Agents, one by the name of Barclay and the other Griffitt to proceed into the Cherokee Nation to collect Creek Indians, and bring them to Gunters Landing. This is in accordance with instructions form General Wool. I had also directed Capt. Bateman, to proceed to that point with funds to settle claims which have been necessarily incurred as reported by Genl Wool. I did not feel authorized to turn money over to a Citizen. Capt. Bateman has got a fall from his horse, and I doubt if he will be able to go, if not should Lieut. Deas return I shall order him there. The good of the service reuires that an officer should be sent there for a short time. I have also appointed Mr. Ha- Sommerville as Asst Agent in the Creek removal. I had so many things to attend to it became necessary I should have an assistant to aid as there will be three parties of Indians. With respect I have the honour to be Your Obt. Servt. John Page Capt. Supt Creek Reml C. A. Harris Esq. Commiss. of Indian Affairs Washington City [Alexander H. Sommerville?] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frame 563] Columbus, GA 18th March 1837 Sir, I have the honour to forward duplicate muster rolls of Creek Indians delivered to the agent west. There is no reason I can advance why the Emigrating Company should not receive the amount called for by the rolls. I have just returned from Montgomery where I turned over all the Indians to the Emigrating Company. They have transported or got them on the way to Mobile Point about 2,000; the balance will be started immediately. I have made arrangements for the company to feed them after they arrive until they are met by the warriors in Florida agreeable to your instructions. I have sent an asst. Agent to meet the Warriors in Florida and accompany them to the Point where their families are and to explain to them the cause of this movement & c. I shall proceed tomorrow again to accompany the Indians, some few hostiles are yet in the swamp; I have three companies of volunteers now in pursuit of them, they refused to join the Indians after I had sent them word what their fate would be if they did not come in. With respect I have the honour to be Your Obt. Servt. John Page Capt. & Supt Creeks C. A. Harris Esq. Com. of Indian Affairs Washington City ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frame 401] Head Quarters, Tampa Bay Flo. April 11th 1837 Sir, I have the honour to receive this morning, your letter, of the 27th of March approving the arrangements made with the Creek Chiefs for the subsistence of themselves and families, after their arrival at their new homes in the West. I received yseterday evening information of the removal of the families of the Creek Warriors to Mobile Point. I had been previously informed of this excitement in the Creek Country, and had seen an account in the newspapers of the removal of the Creek families but was not aware of the brutal treatment which those families had been compelled to submit to, until I received the reports of Lieuts. Reynolds and Sloan to Major Wilson, whom I had sent to Mobile Point to inquire into the circumstances preceeding and attending the removal, copies of which are enclosed. I have explained to the Chiefs that the measure adopted was the only one by which their families and those of their warriors could be secured from insult. Some are satisfied but others are not, and what effect their dissatisfaction may have on the Seminoles, I am not prepared to say. The Creek families were plundered of the greater part of their property and it is no more than justice that they be remunerated. I will endeavor to satisfy them if possible and send them off by detachments, as I get the Seminoles off. I have the honor to be, Sir, Your Obdt, Servt -- Jesup Major Genl -- The Hon. J. R. Poinsett Secy of War Washington City ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frame 787] Fort Gibson April 26th 1837 Sir In separate envelops accompanying this letter you will receive my Muster Rolls of Creek Emigrants for the 1st Quarter 1837, and Property Return with the necessary vouchers for same quarter. In my Muster Roll for the 4th Quarter 1836, I in---- 2159 Emigrant Creeks (the Hostile Party) whose names were not entered on the Roll for reason given in my letter accompanying the Rolls. The names of these Emigrants you will find entered in the beginning of present Roll as having arrived on the 4th September 1836, and conducted by W. J. Beattie and Lieut. B---y U. S. Army. The form of the Receipt Rolls on which I have made issues of Blanket, Rifles & c. to the Indians is the best I could adopt, should you prefer them in another form please inform me and the alteration shall be made. I have deferred closing my Account Current at present, wishing to forward at the same time all payments made by me on account of the failure of Samuel Mackey to fulfill his Contract, there are but few outstanding accounts yet to be settled, which I think will be handed in by next mail or the succeeding one, if not I will close my account current and forward it. The Contractors for furnishing Subsistence to the Creek Emigrants entered upon their duties with a determination to be successful, but I think were not aware of the many difficulties they had to encounter. They have so far complied with their Contract but not entirely to my satisfaction, in as much as there is an occasional delay to supply at the appointed time. I have so far given them every assistance in my power and shall continue to do so, under the belief that their Contract will terminate satisfactorily to all parties. I feel the greatest solitude in having the Indians well supplied, and you may rest assured my attention will be particularly directed to that object. Very Respectfully Your Obedt. Servt. Jas. R. Stephenson Capt. U. S. Army Disbg. Agt. (Creeks) C. A. Harris Esqr. Com. Indn. Affairs Washington D. C. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frame 214-217] Gunter's Landing N. Alabama 10th May 1837 To C. A. Harris Esq. Commissioner of Indian Affairs Sir, Since I last had the honour to address you, there have been collected for Emigration, about 545, of the Refugee Creek Indians, and these are now encamped, and guarded, within four miles of this place. Near a hundred of them, were apprehended in the mountains of N. Carolina, and were conducted by myself to Ross's Landing. Two other detachments, one from Red Clay, & the other from Coosawattie, were brought to the same point, and on the 2nd inst about 350 were there assembled. I then had them removed by water to the neighborhood of this place, which they reached in safety on the morning of the 7th instant. There had already been collected near this point, about 195, of which number, about 40 have been brought in by the Troops within the last ten days. On the 5th instant I received your communication of the 24th March, but have as yet, received no answers to my letters addressed to yourself, since my arrival in the Cherokee Country. Therefore under the instructions which I have at present, I had determined, to turn over for Emigration on tomorrow (the 11th), to the Agent of the "Alabama Emigrating Company", now present, all the above named Indians. For the following reason however, I have determined, in order to ensure the health & safety of these people, to defer doing so, for a few days at least. Within the last two or three days, a disorder has made it's appearance in the Camp, of the nature of a Dysentery, and has affected a large number of the children. I immediately employed a Physician to attend them, and after due consideration find, it would be extremely hazardous to Embark the Indians on their journey until this disorder is checked. The Physician is of opinion that this may be done effectively, in the course of a week, at the expiration of which time, at ------, I hope the Party will be embarked to set out. I am unable by any means to discover the number of Creek Refugees, still remaining at large in the Cherokee Country. All those that could be heard of and found have been apprehended by the Troops, but I have doubt that there are still many of them scattered & secreted amongst the Cherokee People. I think however, that those still remaining, are so well provided for, that they will ---- become a nuisance to the Citizens of the Country, as so many of those now in Camp have been. Numbers of them were found in the most wretched condition, and, in some cases, naked & starving. I hope to receive before leaving Ross's Landing on the 3rd instant, a communication from yourself, in answer to two of mine, the former dated New Echota 29th March, & the latter from the same place, enclosing an Estimate of Funds, on the 2nd April. I may still have an opportunity of hearing from Ross's Landing by Express, before leaving this place. That is the point to which I requested you, in my letter of the 29th March, to direct to me. Provisions have been, and still are extremely high in this country. Bacon from 12 to 15 cents per pound. Corn from 75 cents to a dollar per bushel, and Fresh Beef not to be had in any quantity. I still hope that I shall receive a communication in regard to funds, as I have not enough on hand at present, to discharge the expenses which I have necessarily increased in subsisting & collecting this Party for Emigration. I think at present that it will be most expedient for it to perform the whole route by water, going as far as the foot of the Muscle Shoals in Flat Boats, & thence to Fort Gibson, by Steam, with large keels in tow. I shall continue to report all circumstances of interest connected with this ----- as they may accrue I have the honor to be your Obd't Servant Edw. Deas 1st Liuet U. S. Army & Disbg Agent in the Creek Emigration. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frames 239-44, barely readable] Steamboat "Black Hawk" near Helena, Arkansas 27th May 1837. To C.A. Harris esq'r Commissioner of Indian Affairs Sir, I have the honour to report to you that the party of Emigrating Creek Indians under my charge passed Memphis this morning, at 4 o'clock A.M. It was thought advisable to make no stop, at that place, least some of the Indians should succeed in escaping from the boats, for the purpose of visiting the Chicasaw country of which intention, on part of some of them, several intimations have been given. On the 19th inst. the Party passed Decatur, Alabama as I then reported. Early the next morning the weather became stormy and the flat boats were compelled to land, before daylight, in the consequence of which, we were so unfortunate as to lose a number of the Indians by desertion. The boats were separated at the time of landing and immediately after some of the smaller ones touched the shore the Indians on board took advantage of the darkness of the night and the rain, to make their escape. As soon as the other boats landed every exertions was made to bring them back. By offering a reward of one dollar, for each one should be returned, I succeeded in recovering 15. The other 56 in number could not be overtaken in time, and succeeeded in making their escape to the mountains 5 miles distant. On the 21st we passed thro' the Muscle Shoals without accident. On the 23rd the Party reached Waterloo, Alabama at noon, and re-embarked at 4 o'clock on board the steam boat Black Hawk, with a keel & two flats in tow. We have continued to run since that time in light and stopped the greater part of each night except last night. We shall probably enter the Arkansas River tomorrow, and will ascend that stream with two keels in tow. I have had every thing done to secure the health and comfort of the People under my care, and, they now appear well satisfied in all respects. Two deaths have occured amongst the Indians since starting, one of those cause by imprudence; but it ---- the Indians are generally healthy. The weather has been extremely favorable, and the Removal of the Party, thus far, on the part of the Emigrating Company has been well conducted in all respects. Nothing else of importance had occured upon the Boats since I last had the honour to address you upon this subject. I --- --- directions for all your communications to be forewarded - therefore expect to receive at Little Rock all those that have not yet reached me. I am Sir, very respectfully your Obidient Servant Edw. Deas Lieut. U. S. Army & Disburs. Agent in the Creek Emigration --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Steam Boat Black Hawk (at) Little Rock, Ark. 31st May 1837 To C. A. Harris Commiss. of Indian Affairs On the 27th inst. I had the honor to report to you from Helena, Arkans. everything of interest up to that time relative to the Removal of the Party of Creek Indians under my charge. We have just reached this place (7 o'clock A.M.) and will proceed immediately towards Fort Gibson which place I hope we shall be able to reach by water as the Arkansas is at present at a good stage, and on the rise. Two deaths occured on the 27th, but the rest at present is healthy and nothing else of particular importance has occured since I last had the honour to address you upon this subject. I am Sir, Very Respect. your obet servant Edw. Deas Lieut U. S. Army and Disb. Agent Creek Emigration. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238?, frame 814] Fort Gibson June 13th 1837 Sir, On the 4th Inst. I received in their new Country four hundred and sixty three Emigrant Creeks, conducted by H. G. Barclay Agent for the Alabama Emigrating Company, and accompanied by Liuet. Edwd. Deas U. S. Army. These Emigrants arrived onboard of a Steam Boat, and immediately on their landing a large number of them dispersed through the Country with their friends, although every precaution was taken by Lieut Deas to detain them until a re-muster could be effected; in consequence of this fact, and the impossibility of collecting them for several days I felt bound to certify the rolls as I have done heretofore, determined however to have a re-muster as soon as it could possibly be done, this I have effected and find the Roll to be correct. The Contractor for furnishing the Emigrant Creeks with Provisions, have at this time within this vicinity an ample supply of Beef, Corn and Salt for all present purposes, and from their present movements no apprehension of a failure to fully comply with the Contract may be anticipated. Very Respectfully Your Obedt. Servt. James R. Stephenson Capt. U. S. Army Disbg. Agt. (Creeks) C. A. Harris Com. of Ind. Affairs Washington D. C. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frames 569-72] Mobile Point, Ala. 17th June 1837 Sir, I have the honour to report my arrival at this place with one hundred and eighty Creek warriors; on furlough for one month, where they will return, if directed, by Genl. Jesup to Tampa Bay. All the sick of the first Battalion were embraced in the number specified above, fourteen women and children refugee Creeks that escaped to the Seminole Nation also accompanied the detatchment, making the total number one hundred and ninety four. An unfortunate movement of Echo Harjo's people under the direction of Lieut. Slone were ordered to New Orleans from some representation made to Genl. Jesup. They became very sickly there. Genl. Jesup immediately ordered them back to this place again. I shall leave here tomorrow for Mobile for the purpose of obtaining leave of the owners of Dauphin Island to remove those people to that place, they will there, all be secure; as we are now situated, the Indians will go out hunting and the people get alarmed; though there is no bad intention on the part of the Indian. If it is practicable, I will move to this Island and make them as comfortable as possible and then there can be no complaint from any citizen, as it is impossible for them to get from the island unless accompanied by an agent of the Government. I enclose you a contract made with the Alabama and Georgia Emigrating Company, to supply the Indians with rations. As I passed through Montgomery I could not give but three days notice to supply those Indians with rations but no one would offer any price, unless I specified some particular period these people would be subsisted. This I could not do. The Emigrating Company's offer was the only bid that was made, there being but one of them present at the time I entered into writing for the moment until I arrived at the Point as I was on my way there. On my arrival here the contract was made out and signed by the Company but the Steam Boat arrived at the same time. I was compeled to go on board and did not sign it myself but took it with me, the copy furnished by Maj. Wilson was done for the moment to authorize the company to forward rations forthwith as the Emigrants were all on their way. It appears there has been some misunderstanding with Maj. Wilson and the contractors about the rations. A detatchment of Indians between six and seven hundred, was ordered to New Orleans. It put the contractors to some expense as the movement was a sudden one and no time given them to make arrangements for feeding them. Lieut. Slone required of them to furnish fresh beef while there, they complied with his requisition, though the market price for beef was 20 cents per pound, but they were unable to get it in the market every morning. Maj. Wilson required them to furnish fresh beef here, they attempted and made a contract and the beef was brought to the spot but the weather was so warm it spoiled and was lost, a second attempt was made and it spoiled and of course all was lost - to the contractors - Maj. Wilson contended that they were compeled to furnish fresh beef if it was a dollar per pound, the contract speaks for itself, what the ration shall consist of and when it shall be delivered. I consider they are bound to furnish a portion of fresh beef if it can be procured at any reasonable price. If it cannot be furnished, such as can be obtained of a good and wholesome quality, the beef must be killed in either Pensacola or Mobile and transported to this place. If from Pensacola it is forty miles, if from Mobile thirty miles. One of the Company has now gone to see if they can procure the beef at such a price as will not render the contract ruinous to them. They are willing to do anything required of them to fulfill their obligations and I assure you the rights and comforts of the Indians shall be strictly observed, and if I had remained here long enough to have arranged matters before I went to Tampa Bay there would have been no difficulty or misunderstanding in the business. When I received my instructions to remove the Indians to this place I worked night and day to comply with the orders. On my arrival here I found a letter from Genl Jesup requesting me to come forthwith to Tampa Bay for the space of ten days. I remained here about one hour when I embarked for that place. So, soon as I can get time I will give you a statement of my proceedings while there. Capt. Bateman and myself arrived here the same day. There is a great deal of business to do here to keep the Indians under subjection, our number is augmenting every day. If I can locate them on Dauphin Island all will be quiet. I have a great many arrangements to make for the sick before I can remove them. Mr. Dubois a half breed Indian arrived here a short time since to see about the second payment for the land and it is now ascertained the business can not be accomplished until the Creek warriors are discharged, there being a great number of them interested and Yeo poth le hola, Chief of the Creeks, will decline in acting until all are present, so the money can be divided in proportion of the value of each man's tract. The Creek warriors term of service will expire on the 14th of September. I think it doubtful if Genl. Jesup discharges them before that period. I will render my accounts for the last two quarters and require the other officers to do the same. They kept their accounts back in consequence of my absence, not being to render them until my arrival. I shall remain on duty here unless other wise ordered until the duties assinged me require my attention west. Maj. Wilson will shortly leave here for Tampa Bay, one officer will necessarily be detatched most of the time with a few Indians to call in refugee Creeks where ever they can be found. With Respect I have the honour to be Your Obt Servt John Page Capt. & Supt of Creeks C. A. Harris Esq. Commissioner of Indian Affairs Washingotn City ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frame 593] Pass Christian, Miss. 31st July 1837 Capt. In obedience to your call, I herewith furnish a statement of the deaths that have occurred in my Party since our arrival at Mobile Point, and at this place, the first death occurred on the 20th March, from that to 31st July, 177 deaths have taken place, 93 of which number died at the Point and 84 is since disembarking at this place. On 20th July 13 persons died and on the following day 12 being the greatest number on any one day. The attending Physicians Report, I herewith enclose. I am Sir Very Respectfully Your Obt. Servt. Jno. G. Reynolds 1st Lt. U. S. Mil & Disbg Agt Ind. Dept. Capt. John Page Superintendent Creek Emigrating Pass Christian Miss ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frame 589] Pass Christian, Mississippi 31st July 1837 Sir Agreeable to your instructions requiring the number of deaths and births that have taken place in the camp of Indians under my charge, during the present month, I submit the following report. From the 4th to the 17th July inclusive while stationed at Mobile Point there were four deaths, from the 18th to the 31st of July and since their removal to this point there has been 11 deaths and one birth. The above number of deaths are all that have been reported and agrees with the muster roll and also the one birth. I am Sir very respectfully Your Obt. Servt. Alx. H. Sommerville Asst Agent Creek Removal Capt. John Page Supt and Disbursing Agent Creek Emigration ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frame 661] Pass Christian, Miss. 13 Sept. 1837 Sir, I have the hour to report the arrival of sixty Creek volunteers from Tampa Bay; the officer in charge informed me, the remainder are on their way hither; so soon as they arrive, mustered out of service and paid off there will be nothing to detain us from moving. The sickness of New Orleans can easily be avoided with the aid of the civil authority, to prevent the Indians from straying, we can pass through, with but a few hours detention. The mustering out officer and pay master will be here in a day or two. I hope your views as to an early movement will be given as soon as practicable. I am Sir, Your Obt. Servt. Jno. G. Reynolds 1st Lieut. U. S. Mil. & Disbg. Agt. Ind. Dept. C. A. Harris Esqr. Commr Indian Affairs Washington City ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frame 669] Pass Christian, Miss. 15th Sept. 1837. Sir, I have received your note of this date, to the principal inquiry, to wit, wether there will be danger in transporting the Indians through the city of New Orleans, during the prevalence of the fever now raging in that city?. I will answer, having recently visited New Orleans, for the purpose of purchasing medicine for the sick and witnessing the cause and effects of the disease in one of the hospitals, do unhesitatily find it as my opinion that there is not the least danger of contracting the fever, for the short period that the Indians will remain, before embarking on board the boats. I am Sir Your Obt. Servt. Dr. Edmund Wiedemann Astg. Phys. To Sir Lt. John G. Reynolds Actg. Supt, Creek Removal --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frame 671] Pass Christian 15th Sept. 1837 Sir I am note of this morning requesting my opinion in regard to the danger & liability of transporting the Indians through New Orleans to the prevailing epidemic of that City was received. I cannot conceive sir, that the short period the Indians will be exposed to the atmosphere of Orleans (if the arrangements as expressed in your note are made) can materially effect their health, nor do I believe in their present good health, they can possibly take the fever from so slight an exposure, and I must give it as my decided opinion, that it is neither dangerous nor injurious. Very Respectfully Your Obt. Svt. I. M. Woodfin Directg Physn Lt. J. G. Reynolds Disbg Agent Creek Emigration ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frame 673] Indian Encampment Pass Christian, Miss. 18th Sept 1837 Gentlemen, The Contract entered into by the U. States with your Company, not embracing water conveyance for the Emigration of the Creeks, and it being the positive direction of Maj. Genl. Jesup, Comdg Army of the South, that this party be transported with every ease and convenience as well as comfort. I have to request in obedience to the wish of the Comgd General; that the Company will provide by the date specified in my communication of the 16th inst. Steam Boats for their transportation, each Boat to accommodate and carry, not to exceed five hundred Indians. The -- and transportation, as defined in the contract, is such as will render the sick and infirm exceedingly uncomfortable, you are theretofore directed that instead of one Wagon for the number of persons and weight of baggage as expressed in the contract, to furnish two, the best of their kind. As it is the wish of the Maj. Genl. Comdg. that every necessary article for the comfort of the party on the Route be furnished, I have to request you to inform me, the kind of provisions it is the intention of the Company to issue, agreeably to the Contract. I am Gentlemen Very respectfully You Obt Servt Jno. G. Reynold Disbg Agt. Messrs Wm. A. Campbell & Wm J. Beatie Agents and members of the Alabama Emgt. Company ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frame 676] Pass Christian 22nd Sept 1837 Sir, I have availed myself of the first opportunity to obtain the necessary information in regard to the number of Indians to be transported on each Steam Boat up the Mississippi River in the present low stage of its water. I herewith enclose you a communication form several owners & captains of Steam Boats which I believe contains the most correct information in my power to obtain, it is founded on several years experience in the navigation of the Mississippi. I have also consulted Drs Hults and Wiedemann on the subject, the former of these Dr. H. has had some experience in the transportation of Indians, and says, that he has never known more than four to five hundred Indians transported on Steam Boats of seven superficial square feet to every Indian embracing men, women, & children. In regard to my own opinion on this subject I can say but little, however I cannot differ with those gentlemen whose communication I have enclosed, nor with Dr. Hults they having had much experience in the transportation of Indians & Steam Boat navigation generally. It is absolutely necessary to ---- the health of the Indians that they should not be crowded on Boats, each one should have ample space, and by all means the different apartments should be kept clean & well ventilated. Very Respectfully Your Obt. Svt. I. M. Woodfin Directg Physn Creek Emigration Lt. L. G. Reynolds Disbg. Agent & Actg Superintendant Creek Emigration ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frame 860] Pass Christian, Miss. 23rd Oct. 1837 Sir, I have the honor to inform you that agreeably to the arrangements made by Lt. Reynolds, I have this day embarked two thousand emigrating Creek Indians from this place to New Orleans where ample transportation is in readiness to receive them. Such arrangements have been made by the contactors that the party will remain but a few hours in New Orleans, whence they will proceed with all reasonable expedition to their place of destination. I shall accompany the first party to New Orleans to attend their final embarkment, where I shall remain until I am joined by the last party which will be on the 25th inst. Every arrangement having been previously made for the comfortable and speedy removal from this place of the party under my charge. I deem it most advisable to remain in New Orleans and see Lt. R's party on the way and make arrangements for the reception of my own. I have appointed Noah Felton who was formerly assistant conductor under Lt. Reynolds, Conductor of the principal part of his party and I hope it will meet your approbation. Mr. Felton has had considerable experience, and I conceive every way qualified for the appointment. I am very respectfully Your Obt. Servt. T. T. Sloan Lt. & Disbg. Agent C. A. Harris Commr. Indian Affairs Washington City ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frame 863] Steam Boat "Black Hawk" near Vicksburg, Miss. Nov. 3d 1837 Sir, In my communication to you of the 23d Oct. I apprised you that two thousand emigrating Creek Indians had left Pass Christian for Arkansas. I have the honour to inform you that the whole party are now on the move to their new homes in the west. In consequence of the inclemency of the weather, the last party was detained several days at Pass Christian, the first party in the mean time moving twelve or fifteen miles above New Orleans so at to be beyond the influence of the yellow fever which was raging in that city. They --- at that place until they were joined by the other party which was on the 29th Oct. when the whole party in fine health and spirits proceeded up the river. Agents have been placed on each boat to attend to the wants of the Indians, and a physician accompanying each party to provide for the comfort of the sick. I directed Dr. Halse to remain at Pass Christian with Lt. Reynolds until he could be relieved. He will join us soon as Lt. R. has sent to Mobile for a physician. Very respectfully Your Obt. Servt. T. T. Sloan Lt. & Disbg. Agent C. A. Harris Esq. Commr. Indian Affairs Washington City ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frames 178-181] Memphis, Tenn. November 18th 1837 C. A. Harris Comm. Indian Affairs Sir, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letters of the 23rd and 26th ultimo relative to the appointments of assistants Agents and advising me of funds transmitted to the disbursing officer for the Creek emigration. When I received the appointment of superintendent for the collection and removal of these Indians I was informed by several gentlemen of respectability who have resided a number of years among the Chickasaws that there were scattered over the cession more than five hundred Creeks. Acting under this impression and considering the character of the Indians and their dispersed situation I entertained the fullest confidence that the Department would sanction the appointment I made. I consulted Col. Upshaw on the subject who concured with me in the necesity and propriety of the measure [that] the greater part of these Indians are outlaws have[ing] fled from [their] own tribe for murders and crimes they have committed on their people and taken refuge among the Chickasaws. They are afraid to return to their nation knowing Indian law life for life will be imposed. Since I have had them collected several savage and inhuman acts have been committed in cold water. One of them attacked another for killing his brother several years ago, cut his scull in several places and opened his lungs and would have finished him had he not been prevented by some friend of his victim and the other day within three miles of this place another was stabbed to death in the camp by the brother of an Indian whom he had killed and the same night they had another Indian to put to death who had been given up by his notation to reserve his sentence. He was released by the Agents and a wagoner by the name of Miller. The next day two of the Indian came pointed to Miller and told him he had released the Indian who had killed their brother and prevented them from killing him, that if he did not return him to them they would take his life in fine. They are the most hostile and savage Indians I have ever known. I have been compelled to guard and take the most desire measure with them at this time. I have two in double irons and am fearful that I shall be unable to compel some of them to quit the Chickasaws as they have refused to come into camp. I shall embark tomorrow with about 300 on board steam boat Itasca commanded by Capt. Buckner and shall send the Ponies with some ten or twelve through by land in charge of one or two assistants. The melancholy misfortune which occurred a few days since has had its effect upon this emigration. I have in compliance with your letter dispensed with the service of Mr. Owen. In relation to the funds I did not make the proper and usual estimate supposing the Disbursing Officer would make the proper Disbursements should the sum transmitted exceed the amount required, the balance will be accounted for in the usual way. In the accomplish of the emigration the Department may rest assured that every thing will be conducted to its satisfaction. I have the honor to be Sir your most obt servt R. E. Clements Supt. Creek Removal ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [M234, roll 238, frame 621] Fort Gibson 28th December 1837 Sir, I have the honor to report this day the arrival of all the Creek Indians in the new Country allotted them, the movement with the exception of the disaster on board the Monmouth has been a very pleasant and agreeable Emigration on the part of the Indians; each party was conducted through the country with a great deal of caution - no complaints on the part of the Indians or the inhabitants of Arkansas for depredations committed; as I passed through the country I promised the citizens every depredation committed this year by the Creek Indians, I would ensure them pay for it provided they would inform me who conducted them; on my return I made all enquiry, no complaint but all pleased in the manner the Creeks were conducted through the country, the extra baggage was also landed at Fort Gibson agreeable to contract and divided by Ho-poth-le yoholo and the other chiefs. I should have been more prompt in communicating to you but my health has been so bad, that I was unable to do so. I am at this time in so low a state of health that I am compelled to keep my bed two thirds of my time. I shall however in two or three days make a start for Columbus, Georgia with a hope travelling may improve my health. I will render my accounts so soon as I arrive at Columbus. With Respect I have the honour to be you obt. servt. John Page, Capt. Supt. Creeks To C. A. Harris Esqur. Commissioner of Indian Affairs Washington City -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------