Martial Deeds of Pennsylvania, Samuel P. Bates, 1876 - Preface & Contents, 1-10 Contributed for use in the USGenWeb Archives by Judy Banja jbanja@msn.com and transcribed by Judy Banja, Judith Bookwalter, Cyndie Enfinger, Linda Horn, Margaret Long, Patricia Martz, Barbara Milhalcik, Leah Waring and Marjorie B. Winter Copyright 2003. All rights reserved. http://www.usgwarchives.net/copyright.htm http://www.usgwarchives.net/pa/pafiles.htm ________________________________________________ MARTIAL DEEDS OF PENNSYLVANIA by SAMUEL P. BATES. PHILADELPHIA: T. H. DAVIS & CO., 1876. The field of history should not merely be well tilled, but well peopled. None is delightful to me, or interesting, in which I find not as many illustrious names as have a right to enter it. We might as well in a drama place the actors behind the scenes, and listen to the dialogue there, as in a history push valiant men back, and protrude ourselves with husky disputations. Show me rather how great projects were executed, great advantages gained, and great calamities averted. Show me the Generals and the Statesmen who stood foremost, that I may bend to them in reverence; tell me their names, that I may repeat them to my children. Landor's Pericles and Aspasia. HAVING had unusual facilities, while acting as State Historian, for gaining an intimate acquaintance with the part which Pennsylvania bore in the late National struggle - a war before which every other waged upon this continent is dwarfed, and in the territory over which it spread was never equalled - it has seemed a duty which could not with justice be set aside, to place in an enduring form, while the memory is fresh, and many avenues to information still open, though daily closing, a full and careful chronicle of events. Such a statement is fairly due to the Commonwealth which displayed such vast resources and power, and to the faithful soldier who endured hardship and privation at the call of patriotism or laid down his life a willing sacrifice. The day of anger and resentment, if it ever existed between the combatants, has passed, and the soldier only regards with pride his achievements, and the State with complacency its honorable record. A brief account of Pennsylvania history from the time of settlement, its physical geography, its material resources, and the origin of its people, seemed a fitting introduction, and the facts in the National history which led to rebellion - stated without partisan feeling and supported by citations from acknowledged authorities - a necessity to the proper understanding of the mighty convulsions which ensued. The battle of Gettysburg, the most important in many respects of the whole war, having been fought on Pennsylvania soil, and the victory there gained having saved the State from being overrun by a conquering foe, was deemed worth of generous space and minute description. Having studied the field by frequent visits and under the most favorable auspices, and mastered its various details, it is trusted that the language employed will convey an accurate conception. Of the preliminaries to the battle, and its management on the part of both the contending armies, the descriptions and opinions expressed have been given with sincerity and candor, with no desire to detract from the just fame of any, or to commend beyond due desert. The biographical sketches comprise notices of nearly all the prominent officers who were killed in battle, and with few exceptions the living also. Mention of a very few, for lack of sufficient data, after reasonable efforts made to obtain it, had to be omitted. The number of these, however, is insignificant. There were innumerable privates and officers of lesser grade, many of whom fell honorably in battle, who were equally deserving of mention; but the officers, generally by the voice of the privates, were made to occupy representative positions. An honest effort has been made in this part to do justly by all, though the scantiness of material which had any particular significance prevented, in some cases, making the notices as long as might have been desired. The third part, which contains a large amount of miscellaneous matter, is quite as important to the illustration of the Martial Deeds of the State, as portraitures from the field. The Governor, who held for six years the executive power, the Secretaries of War who managed complicate and stupendous measures necessary to conquer a peace, and the Great Commoner, ever in the van and dying at his post, all merit recognition. Old John Burns, the civilian, who fought at Gettysburg, a type "of the past of the nation;" an agent of the State, one of a class who bore in their persons the thoughtful care of the Commonwealth; representatives of the Christian and Sanitary Commissions - he who wielded the agencies which brought together the vast resources demanded for their wide-spread operations; the Christian woman at the front bearing tender care and consolation among the sick, the wounded, and the dying; and the no less devoted and Christian agent at home, wearing out her life in wearisome days and nights of labor, are all types of a service which was as patriotic as that of the soldier who bore the musket. The Refreshment Saloons of Philadelphia furnish examples of a charity as broad in their operations as the philanthropic sentiment by which their projectors and supporters were moved. Like charities were established at Pittsburg and Harrisburg, but on a less imposing model. It has been impossible to treat of all the topics which might with propriety have found a place in this volume; but it is believed that in the form in which it is now given, it presents a fair image of the Agency of Pennsylvania in the Great Struggle. S.P.B. MEADVILLE, April 16, 1875. PART I. GENERAL HISTORY. I. -- Resume of Pennsylvania History -- 17 II. -- Origin of Rebellion -- 44 III. -- Outlook at the Opening of the Rebellion -- 74 IV. -- Attempts at Pacification - The President-elect in Pennsylvania -- 88 V. -- The First Campaign -- 116 VI. -- The Great Uprising -- 141 VII. -- Preliminaries to the Battle of Gettysburg under Hooker -- 158 VIII. -- Preliminaries to the Battle of Gettysburg under Meade -- 188 IX. -- First Day of the Battle of Gettysburg -- 207 X. -- Marshalling for the Second Day at Gettysburg -- 238 XI. -- Severe Fighting on the Left at Gettysburg -- 255 XII. -- Fighting on the Right at Gettysburg -- 282 XIII. -- The Final Struggle at Gettysburg -- 298 XIV. -- The Retreat of Lee from Gettysburg -- 313 XV. -- The Conduct of the Battle of Gettysburg -- 325 XVI. -- Numbers engaged at Gettysburg -- 341 XVII. -- The Militia - Capture of Morgan - Burning of Chambersburg - Final Triumph - Death of the President -- 362 PART II. BIOGRAPHY. I. -- Edward D. Baker - John T. Greble - Seneca G. Simmons - Charles Ellett, Jr. - James Cameron - Amor A. McKnight - Mark Kern - Peter B. Housum - Lansford F. Chapman - John W. McLane -- 387 II. -- George D. Bayard - Strong Vincent - Charles F. Taylor - J. Richter Jones - James H. Childs - Washington Brown - William Bowen - Samuel Croasdale - Henry I. Zinn - Henry W. Carruthers - Richard H. Woolworth - George A. Cobham, Jr. - Richard A. Oakford - Thomas M. Hulings - Edwin A. Glenn - Guy H. Watkins - W. L. Curry - Edwin Schall - Joseph S. Chandler - Thomas S. Brenholtz -- 427 III. -- John F. Reynolds - Henry Bohlen - Hugh W. McNeil - John M. Gries - James Miller- James Crowther - Joseph A. McLean - Frank A. Elliott - William S. Kirkwood - John W. Moore - Gustavus W. Town - Garrett Nowlen - A. H. Snyder - John B. Miles - Harry A. Purviance - Charles I. Maceuen - H. Boyd McKeen - O. H. Rippey - George Dare - Eli T. Conner - Francis Mahler - Elisha Hall - Edward Carroll - Richard P. Roberts -- 467 IV. -- Alexander Hays - John B. Kohler - Charles A. Knoderer - Robert B. Hampton - Thomas S. Bell - F. A. Lancaster - Calvin A. Craig - Henry J. Stainrook - Milton Opp - J. W. Crosby - Hezekiah Easton - Robert P. Cummins - George C. Spear - Henry M. Eddy - C. Faeger Jackson - Samuel W. Black - Theodore Hesser - Richard C. Dale - William G. Murray - John D. Musser - John M. Gosline - Martin Tschudy - Dennis O'Kane - Geo. W. Gowen - Peter Keenan -- 509 V. -- David B. Birney - Charles F. Smith - Robert Morris, Jr. - Charles R. Ellet - Henry C. Whelan - Thomas A. Zeigle - Joseph H. Wilson - Thomas Welsh - Joshua B. Howell - John B. Conyngham - David Morris, Jr. - Prosper Dalien -- 556 VI. -- Geo. G. Meade - James Q. Anderson - Hugh S. Campbell - Wm. M. Penrose - Wm. R. Gries - Wm. A. Leech - Rob't. L. Bodine - Elisha B. Harvey - Oliver B. Knowles - Andrew H. Tippin - Alfred B. McCalmont - George A. McCall -- 590 VII. -- John W. Geary - Charles J. Biddle - A. Schemmelfinnig - John Clark - Joseph Roberts - S. A. Meredith - A. S. M. Morgan - Owen Jones - William D. Dixon - John F. Ballier - James Starr - D. C. McCoy - James A. Beaver - Langhorne Wister -- 628 VIII. -- John F. Hartranft - Richard Coulter - A. Buschbeck - Charles P. Herring - Matthew S. Quay - Jacob H. Dewees - Everard Bierer - Robert Thompson - Joseph H. Horton - Joseph W. Hawley - John H. Cain - H. N. Warren - Samuel B. M. Young - John Markoe - John B. McIntosh -- 662 IX. -- Winfield S. Hancock - Thomas J. Jordan - William McCandless - St. Clair A. Mulholland - Samuel M. Jackson - William J. Bolton - John I. Curtin - Joseph P. Brinton - Vincent M. Wilcox - DeWitt C. Strawbridge - Robert L. Orr - Samuel D. Strawbridge - John M. Mark - Thomas F. B. Tapper - William M. Mintzer - Thomas J. Town - William R. Hartshorne - Norman M. Smith - Horace B. Burnham - Marcus A. Reno - William A. Robinson - John F. Glenn - Charles M. Betts - W. B. Franklin -- 698 X. -- Andrew A. Humphreys - George W. Cullum - Alfred Sully - Thomas H. Neill - George Shorkley - Levi Maish - Lemuel Todd - D. Watson Rowe - Hiram L. Brown - John S. McCalmont - Daniel W. Magraw - E. S. Troxell - John M. Wetherill - James F. Ryan - T. F. Lehmann - Hiram C. Allemann - Michael Kerwin - John P. Nicholson - John W. Phillips - David McM. Gregg -- 736 XI. -- Samuel P. Heintzelman - Isaac J. Wistar - R. B. Ricketts - W. W. H. Davis - Charles M. Prevost - William E. Doster - Gideon Clark - Samuel M. Zulick - Thomas A. Rowley - George W. Gile - David M. Jones - John S. Littell - T. Ellwood Zell - E. Morrison Woodward - R. Butler Price - James L. Selfridge - John Devereux - Joshua T. Owen - William H. Lessig - Edmund L. Dana -- 773 XII. -- Samuel W. Crawford - Charles Albright - Ira Ayer, Jr. - Henry J. Sheafer - James G. Elder - James F. Weaver - Peter H. Allabach - David B. McCreary - James A. Galligher - Benjamin F. Winger - Richard B. Roberts - Charles H. Buehler - Charles C. Cresson - Henry B. McKean - David M. Armor - Jacob G. Frick - David Miles - Henry G. Elder - Edward R. Bowen - John E. Parsons - Robert C. Cox - Henry S. Huidekoper - Jacob M. Campbell - Horatio G. Sickel -- 810 XIII. -- William W. Averell - John I. Gregg - Roy Stone - Hector Tyndale - G. W. Merrick - Thomas E. Rose - James Tearney - Amor W. Wakefield - Dennis Heenan - Edward J. Allen - Henry R. Guss - Joseph S. Hoard - James T. Kirk - Thomas F. McCoy - Edward O'Brien - Carlton B. Curtis - C. A. Lyman - Isaiah Price - J. William Hofmann - Edward Overton, Jr. - William F. Small - James Gwyn - William H. Boyd - F. S. Stumbaugh - O. S. Woodward - Robert M. Henderson - Isaac Rogers - Tilghman H. Good - Geo. E. Johnson - J. W. H. Reisinger - A. J. Warner - L. Cantador - John Ely - Edwin E. Zeigler - Asher S. Leidy - Thomas L. Kane -- 848 XIV. -- Galusha Pennypacker - William J. Palmer - Samuel K. Schwenk - Martin D. Hardin - Henry M. Hoyt - John P. S. Gobin - J. Bowman Sweitzer - John Flynn - Charles H. T. Collis - James M. Thomson - John H. Taggart - Joseph Jack - Franklin A. Stratton - George S. Gallupe - John A. Danks - Louis Wagner - Thomas J. Ahl - Joseph M. Knap - William C. Talley - James Nagle - M. T. Heintzelman - A. W. Gazzam - R. E. Winslow - J. P. Taylor - W. M. McClure - William Rickards - William Sirwell - Seneca G. Willauer - A. L. Majilton - C. C. McCormick - Benjamin C. Tilghman - Peter C. Ellmaker - F. B. Speakman - Loren Burritt - Daniel Leasure - Charles T. Campbell - George P. McLean - C. W. Diven - John Harper - Charles Kleckner - Joseph B. Kiddoo - George F. Smith - David B. Morris - Henry M. Bossert - Edward Campbell - T. Kephart - F. O. Alleman - Daniel Nagle - A. Blakeley - J. W. Fisher - Noah G. Ruhl - James Carle - James S. Negley - James Miller - Thomas F. Gallagher - J. R. Everhart - B. M. Orwig - Robert Patterson -- 896 PART III. CIVIL AND MISCELLANEOUS. I. -- Andrew G. Curtin - Simon Cameron - Edwin M. Stanton - Thaddeus Stevens -- 957 II. -- Old John Burns - Francis Jordan - George H. Stuart - Mrs. John Harris - Mrs. Hannah Moore -- 988 III. -- The Union Volunteer Refreshment Saloon - The Cooper Shop Volunteer Refreshment Saloon -- 1023 IV. -- The Fort Pitt Works - The Petersburg Mine - Libby Prison Tunnel -- 1041 V. -- The Gettysburg Cabbage-Patch - The Fall of Henry D. Price - Narrative of Thomas F. Roberts in Rebel Prisons - "Sitting in the same position, the straw hat on his head, the pipe in his mouth, dead" - Shot on Picket - The Swamp Angel - A Surgeon's Adventure in the Rebel Lines - During Escape from Captivity - The Devoted Wife before Mr. Lincoln - Incidents Related by Dr. Palm - Sallie, the Faithful Brute - Death of Robert Montgomery - Rev. Dr. Brown's Account of Chantilly - Captain William Hyndman - Jenny Wade, the Heroine of Gettysburg -- 1081