PA Archives: Military.....SULLIVAN EXPEDITION, 1779: Journal of Lieut. John Jenkins *********************************************** Copyright. All rights reserved. http://www.usgwarchives.net/copyright.htm http://www.usgwarchives.net/pa/pafiles.htm ************************************************ Contributed for use in the USGenWeb Archives by Donna Bluemink. Additional infomation on Sullivan's Expedition may be found at . +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ JOURNALS OF THE MILITARY EXPEDITION OF MAJOR GENERAL JOHN SULLIVAN AGAINST THE SIX NATIONS OF INDIANS IN 1779 WITH RECORDS OF CENTENNIAL CELEBRATIONS Prepared Pursuant to Chapter 361, Laws of the State of New York, of 1885. by Frederick Cook, Secretary of State Auburn, N. Y. Knapp, Peck & Thompson Printers 1887. * * * * * * [Transcription is verbatim.] [168] JOURNAL OF LIEUT. JOHN JENKINS. LIEUT. JENKINS was born in New London, Conn., at Gardner's Lake, 27th November, 1751, O. S. He was a surveyor and conveyancer, schoolteacher, constable, agent for the Susquehanna Company at Wyoming, farmer, merchant and iron-monger. He came to Wyoming Valley, with his father Judge John Jenkins a native of East Greenwich, R. I., in 1769, and at once took an active part in the Pennamite and subsequently in the Revolutionary wars. He entered into the service of the United States, 26th Aug., 1776, was taken prisoner by the Indians and Tories in the latter part of November, 1777, carried to Niagara where he remained during the winter and in the spring was taken to Montreal and Albany, whence they proposed taking him to Kanadaseago, to a grand Indian Council for final disposition. On the way he escaped and after great fatigue and suffering from hunger, reached home on the 2d of June, 1778, previous to the advent of the forces under Butler and Brant, of whose coming he brought intelligence. He was in command of Forty Fort when the settlers marched out to meet and turn back the invaders. He subsequently joined (6th July, 1778), Captain Spalding's Company as Lieutenant; went with Col. Hartley to Tioga Point in the latter part of September, 1778. The next year, in April, he waited on General Washington at his request giving him important information relating to the Indian country. He served throughout the Sullivan campaign as a guide to the army, and received the thanks of Gen'l Sullivan in general orders, for "the services rendered the same by his vigilance and exertion," in the Battle of Newtown, 29th Aug., 1779. On his return from that campaign he remained on duty at Wyoming until 25th February, 1781, where he set out with his company to join General Washington at Headquarters on the Hudson, and arrived on the 10th of March. He was engaged in the [169] battle of King's Bridge 3d July, 1781, and when the army marched for Yorktown accompanied them; was at the surrender of Cornwallis, 17th Oct., 1781, serving under Baron Steuben. Returning with the army to the Hudson that same fall, and the war being virtually at an end, he on the 1st of March, 1782, resigned his commission and returned home to the defense of his family and friends. He was an active, leading man in all the struggles of the settlers, firm and unyielding in his adherence to their rights, never compromising, never surrendering. After the Revolutionary war, he settled in Exeter, on the battle field of Wyoming, where he died 19th March, 1827. He married Bethiah, daughter of Jonathan Harris of Colchester, Conn., on the 23d June, 1778, and by her had eight children. She survived him and died 12th August, 1842, aged 90 years. From the 5th of June, 1778, up to the time of his joining Washington on the Hudson, he kept a journal of events, with which he was connected. So much of it, is here given, as relates to the Sullivan Campaign. The original manuscript, is in the hands of his grandson, Hon. Steuben Jenkins, Wyoming, Pa., to whom we are indebted for the following copy and the foregoing biographical sketch. It has never before been published. JOURNAL OF LIEUT. JOHN JENKINS, CONNECTED WITH THE CAMPAIGN OF GEN. SULLIVAN, AGAINST THE SIX NATIONS.—1779. April 1st. I set off for head-quarters, by order of Gen. Hand. Met Capt. Spalding in the swamp. April 6. Waited on (Gen. Washington and had a long interview with him in relation to the Indian Country, on the head waters of the Susquehanna, and around the Lakes, and the facilities for an expedition into that country. April 8th. Set out for Wyoming. April 11th. Arrived at Wyoming with Major Birchard who commanded 400 men. April 23d. This day Major Powell with a party of men coming in were waylaid by the Indians near Laurel run. Capt. Davis, Lieut. Jones and three men were killed and two others were missing. About the same time the Indians drove off six cows from Shawnee. May 8th. General Hand came to Wyoming. June 23d. General Sullivan came to Wyoming. June 30th. Two Tories condemned. One of them was Executed, the other was reprieved and sent to his family near Easton. [170] Saturday, July 31st. The army under command of Major Gen. Sullivan consisting of three brigades, commanded by Gens. Hand, Poor and Maxwell, left Wyoming and marched as far as Lackawanna, and encamped on the north side of the creek. The light corps, to which I was attached, taking the advance about a mile in front of the main body. We encamped at about 4-1/2 o'clock, P. M. The boats did not come up by reason of the sinkings of one of them loaded with ammunition, and damaging another. August 1st. Continued at Lackawanna, waiting for the boats until afternoon. The army marched about 3 o'clock and encamped about seven in the evening at Wyolutimunk. I left a horse at Lackawanna, by reason of his lameness. August 2d. The army lay still in the encampment. David Brown was wounded in the side by accident, with a tomahawk. The rear guard lost seven tents, by reason of being detained in the night. August 3d. The army marched as far as Tunkhannock, and encamped near Wortman's. Two Indians discovered on the west side of the river. Aug't 4th. The army marched at 5 o'clock in the morning, and encamped at night at Van der Lypp's. The boats did not come up which detained our march until late the next day. Aug't 5th. The army marched about 10 o'clock and encamped at night at Wyalusing. I left a bay mare at Van der Lypp's, on account of her being lame and not able to go further. One of the men belonging to Stewart's bullock-guard, was unwell, and was left in the encampment. One of the boat men fell out of the boat and was unfortunately drowned. After we encamped at night a Sergeant, belonging to the New Jersey troops, died very suddenly. To-day we passed over the ground where the battle was fought between Col. Hartley and the Indians last fall, from DePui's farm on up some distance. Aug't 6.—The army remained at Wyalusing to refresh themselves. A party was sent back to Van der Lypp's. They found the man dead that was left there the day before, and brought him up and buried him near Kingsley's house. Orders given to march at five o'clock to-morrow morning. Aug't. 7th. The weather was stormy last night, and this morning, which detained our march, and we lay in camp all day. Aug't 8th. The army marched at 5 in the morning and encamped at night at Wysox. General Sullivan came on in the boats, being unwell, which detained him so that he did not come up to the light troops, but he encamped at the Standing Stone, about three miles in the rear. Aug't 9th. The main body of the army came up to Gen. Hand about 10 o'clock when the whole army advanced and encamped at night on the upper Sheshequin flats. This day in passing a narrow defile in break-neck hill, three of our oxen fell off and were killed. At night one of the small boats loaded with flour was stove, and the lading lost. Aug't 10th. The weather was stormy and in consequence of this and the boats not coming up in season, we remained in camp. Aug't 11th. The army marched at 5 o'clock in the morning, passing near Queen Esther's palace, which we destroyed last fall at the time of our expedition under Col. Hartley. After crossing the river we encamped on Tioga plains. At night, I was sent with Capt Cummings to reconnoiter Chemung. Aug't 12th. Returned from Chemung, in the afternoon. We discovered an Indian village at that place, about 12 miles from camp. About 8 o'clock in the evening a large party marched in order to destroy that settlement. Aug't 13th. The party arrived at Chemung about 5 o'clock, in the morning, but found that the enemy had left the town. We followed them about one mile, and as our advance party, under command of Gen. Hand was ascending a small hill, the enemy fired upon them from the top. After a spirited contest, the enemy fled taking with them their dead and wounded. We had three brave officers,—Capt. Henry Carberry, Capt. John Franklin and Lieut. William Huston wounded, together with a number of men—and six men killed. After gaining the summit of the hill, we halted for some time and then returned to the town, and set it on fire, and destroyed about fifteen acres of corn. [171] As Gen. Poor was going into a piece of corn with his brigade, the Indians fired on them from across the river, killing one of his men and wounding three others, who are likely to recover. The army then returned to Tioga, to our encampment. Aug't 14th. The army lay in the encampment until night, and buried the dead, that had been killed yesterday, with military honors. Aug't 15. A detachment of nine hundred men, with ammunition and provisions for eight days, was made, to be commanded by Gens. Hand and Poor, with orders to march at six o'clock on the morning of the 16th, to go up the Susquehanna to meet Gen. Clinton, who is marching to join us. A small party of Indians came near the camp on the west side of the Tioga creek and killed three men, scalped young Elliot and wounded another, and another that was in company with Elliot was missing. They also killed an ox and drove off several horses. Aug't 16th. The party marched about 11 o'clock in order to meet General Clinton, and encamped at night about ten miles from Tioga, at a place called Mauckatawangum, or Red Bank. Sergeant [Asa] Chapman and [Justus] Gaylord were sent to meet Gen. Clinton and inform him of our advance to meet him. Aug't 17th. The party marched at six o'clock in the morning and encamped at night on Owego flats near the river, where there was an Indian town. The Indians had left the town however, some time before our arrival. Aug't 18th. The party marched at 7 o'clock and encamped at night at Choconut flats. On the opposite side of the river, was a beautiful piece of land which the Indians had desolated and left the day before. In the evening we heard the Indians prowling about our camp. Aug't 19th. The party marched early in the morning in hopes of meeting the army under Gen. Clinton. After we had marched about one mile we received orders to return to our camp. Soon after Gen. Clinton and our party joined and returned as far as Owego. Aug't 20th. The army lay still by reason of a very heavy rain. Aug't 21st. Marched at 7 in the morning and encamped about 3 in the afternoon, at Mauckatawangum. Aug't 22d. The army marched at 6 in the morning and returned to the encampment at Tioga, at about twelve o'clock, at which time General Sullivan honored us with the discharge of thirteen pieces of cannon. Aug't 23d. Lay in camp all day. Capt. Kimball of Col. Cilley's command, was killed by the accidental discharge of a gun, and a Lieut, wounded. I drew 21 pairs of shoes and delivered them to the following soldiers:— John Swift, Harvey Harding, Thomas Baldwin, William Kellogg, Daniel Denton, Elisha Garrett, Palmer Ransom, William Conover, Isaac Benjamin, Asa Smith, Nathan Stark, Frederick Eveland, Richard Halstead, Justus Gaylord, Thomas Parks, Elijah Walker, Lawrence Keeney, Stephen Skiff, Timothy Hopkins, William Smith, James Welles. Aug't 24th. The army was engaged in preparing to march from Tioga into the Indian country. A man was wounded by the accidental discharge of a gun. At 4 o'clock in the afternoon, the light troops marched off of the old encampment and encamped about 100 rods in advance, at which time Col. [William] Butler joined our corps, and encamped at 7 o'clock, P. M. Aug't 25th. The army lay still in camp, preparing for a march. About 11 o'clock it began to rain very hard, which continued till late in the afternoon. Three Indians came to our encampment, supposed to be friendly Indians from Oneida. Ordered to march at 8 o'clock to- morrow morning. An express from Fort Pitt came in this evening. [172] Aug't 26th. The army marched about 11 o'clock and halted near a fording place in Tioga creek, waiting for the creek to fall as it was very high on account of the recent heavy rains. Aug. 27th. The army marched about 6 o'clock and encamped on a beautiful flat about 6-1/2 miles from Chemung. This day in passing a narrow defile, one of our wagons loaded with ammunition broke down and fell from the top of a high hill. I, with Lieut. Stevens, destroyed the enemy's encampment. Clinton did not march which delayed our further progress till late on Saturday the 28th instant. Aug't 28th. The army was busy preparing for a further advance, reconnoitering the country and selecting the route for the march. Repaired Col. Proctor's carriages for the artillery, which were taken yesterday and destroyed by the enemy. We cut down about 30 acres of corn, which was supposed to have been planted by the Tories, and left some time before. We destroyed Chemung. The army marched about 12 o'clock. As the advance guard of riflemen was crossing the river a small party of Indians fired on our boatmen, but did no damage. A small party, with two of our Indians were sent out, who discovered small parties of Indians, and heard them at work on their encampment. This day the army marched about two miles and encamped at Chemung, on the bank of the Tioga creek. BATTLE OF NFWTOWN. Sunday, August 29th, 1779. The army marched at 8 o'clock in the morning. After our advance parties had marched about two miles they frequently discovered Indian spies, about 200 yards distant in front of them, and a small party, of the enemy on the west side of the river. The further we advanced the bolder these hardy fellows became, one of whom fired on our advance party but did no damage, and then ran off at great speed. We continued our advance and discovered several more Indians, who fled before us. At the distance of about four miles from Chemung we discovered a very extensive and formidable breast-work, advantageously situated on a rising piece of ground. The rifle corps drew up and formed at the distance of about 300 yards from the enemy's works, and then, advancing to within 120 yards, kept up a brisk and scattering fire on the enemy for two hours, while Gens. Poor and Clinton endeavored to gain their rear, and our artillery could be properly placed for an engagement. In the meantime about 400 of the enemy sallied out on our advanced parties, but finding our troops determined to maintain their ground, thought best to return to their works. Soon after our cannon began to play upon them, they ran off and left their breastworks, in the most precipitous manner, leaving their packs, blankets, tomahawks, spears, &c, behind them. At the same time we took possession of the enemy's ground and fortifications. As the enemy were retreating their left flank fell in with Gen. Poor. A sharp fight ensued from both parties but the enemy were obliged to give way. In this engagement we lost in killed five men, and thirty-four were wounded. Among the wounded were Major Titcomb, Capt. Clayes, and Lieut. McColley. Poor's party took a Tory prisoner, and 12 Indian scalps. The riflemen took a negro, prisoner, in the evening about two miles from the enemy's works, and then returned and encamped near a very beautiful flat where the enemy had planted and tilled about 120 acres of corn. Aug't 30th. The army lay still and sent out reconnoitering parties, and buried the dead. Having destroyed about 120 acres of excellent corn, beans, &c, prepared to proceed after the enemy. Our wounded, heavy artillery and wagons were sent back to Tioga in boats. This day in examining the prisoners they said that Butler and Brant commanded, and that the enemy consisted of 700 men,—500 Indians and 200 Tories, and they had lived for two weeks on green corn, without bread or salt. The General asked the negro what their officers said when our cannon began to play upon our works. He answered, "As the Indians ran away, so did the white people run too. The rangers run, and the officers hollered, 'top rangers!' 'top rangers!' but rangers not top." [173] This day the Lieutenant wounded yesterday, died of his wounds. Our soldiers found a large number of the enemy's packs, blankets, and some young horses, and brought them in. This day the whole army agreed to live on half rations to subdue their cruel and implacable enemies the Indians and Tories. None of the Indians were seen to-day. Aug't 31st. The army marched at 10 o'clock past Newtown, where our soldiers found a large quantity of pewter, iron kettles, &c, then crossing a branch of Tioga creek, traveled over a fine beautiful tract of land and encamped near the Tioga branch on a level, open piece of ground. This day we discovered the enemy going up the main branch of Tioga with boats and canoes. Major Parr with the riflemen and a company of infantry, were sent after them. This party did not return to-day. An Indian was found dead near our encampment, supposed to be one of those wounded at the breastworks and brought on until he died, and was then abandoned. The two prisoners taken on the 29th inst., informed us that we had killed three Indians, and wounded a number near Chemung when that town was destroyed. Wednesday, Sept. 1st. The army marched at 8 o'clock in the morning, and with considerable difficulty reached Catharines town, or Cheoquock, at 7 in the evening, and found it had been evacuated by the enemy a few hours before. The pack horses and baggage did not reach here until Thursday morning. Major Parr returned to the army about 10 o'clock to-day, and informed us that he could not come up with the Indians with their canoes, but that he burned a number of buildings and destroyed 30 acres of corn, and that the enemy had made a quantity of hay. Thursday, Sept. 2d. This morning some of our soldiers found an old squaw, that had not been able to travel, so as to make her escape. She said that Butler and the Indians held a great council of war, and the old Indian chiefs had a mind to make peace, but Butler told them that the rebels would kill them all, and they had better run off in the woods. Upon the whole they concluded to leave this town before we could reach it. The army lay still. Col. Butler went out with a party but made no discovery. Our soldiers found considerable plunder, horses, cows, hogs, &c. We lived very plentifully for a few days. This town is situated on a very fine and beautiful bottom of land about 3 miles south of Seneca lake. Sept. 3d. The army marched at 8 o'clock in the morning. This day we passed over a fine beautiful country of land adjoining Seneca lake on the west, and the Cayuga lake on the east. The army encamped about 4 o'clock in the afternoon, near a small Indian settlement, where we found plenty of Indian corn, beans, squashes, &c, which the army made use of for themselves and horses. This day our right flank discovered our Indian spy, who ran off as soon as discovered. This settlement the Indians left with the fires burning in their houses. Sept. 4th. The army marched about 10 o'clock in the morning, passed several houses and cornfields which we destroyed. To-day we marched over a fine, beautiful, level country of land, pleasantly situated on the east side of Seneca lake. The light troops encamped about 3 miles from Kindauga, and about two miles in front of the main army. This day our soldiers caught a number of fine horses. Sunday, Sept. 5th. The main army came up to the light troops about 10 o'clock, and the whole moved about 11 o'clock, passing one house, and several cornfields, and arrived at Candaia at 2 o'clock, which place the enemy had left some days before. In one of the out houses, about one mile from the town, a party of our riflemen found Luke Swetland, who was taken by the Indians near Nanticoke in August, 1778, and brought to their town and given to an old squaw who kept him as her son, and he fared as well as the rest of the family. He informed us that Butler left this place the Thursday before, with the whole of his army of 700 or 800 men, —about 300 Tories and 500 Indians, and that he understood by some of the Tories that the rebels had defeated Butler and Brant, and they had lost some men killed, and a large number wounded, and that a number of our old neighbors were down to fight against us, who looked very much ashamed when they returned [174] from Newtown, where we defeated them. This day we destroyed the cornfields, pulled down and burnt the houses, &c. Sept. 6th, Monday. This day the army was detained until late by reason of their losing some of the horses and cattle, which were not found until late, but the army marched about 2 miles and encamped on the bank of Seneca lake, in a very beautiful country well timbered with oak. This day an express arrived from Wyoming. Sept. 7th.—The army marched at 7 in the morning passing a defile near the lake without much difficulty, and arrived at 6 o'clock in the evening at Canadasago, the capitol of the Seneca country, which we found evacuated and left by the enemy. This is a very beautiful town, situate on a rising piece of ground about one mile from the mouth of the lake. It contained about sixty houses and was surrounded with apple and peach trees. Our soldiers lived very bountifully on vegetables, &c, while here, as the enemy had plenty of such things for their own support, but being hurried off they left them behind. In this town we found a white child about 3 years old, which we supposed to have been taken by the Indians from some of the back settlements. Sept. 8th. The army lay in camp, washed their clothes and collected vegetables, &c, &c, preparing to march to-morrow. This day Major Parr, with his rifle corps, and a number of volunteers, went to destroy a small town 7 miles from this place, on the west side of the lake, called Shenawaga, where he found a large quantity of corn, and sent back for assistance to destroy it. A large fatigue party destroyed the corn here, and cut down the fruit trees. Orders were given to march for the Genessee at 6 o'clock, to-morrow, except a Captain's command, which was detached to return to Tioga with the invalids. Sept. 9th. The army marched at 12 o'clock over a very level country, 7 miles, without crossing any running water, and encamped at night on the west side of Flint creek. Major Parr, returned to the army this evening, and reported that he had destroyed a large quantity of corn and other vegetables, and burned 20 houses, at Shenanwaga, where the enemy had hogs, fowls, apples, peaches, &c. Yesterday Col. Harper, with a number of volunteers, destroyed a small town called Scauwaga, about ten miles from Canadaseago. This town was left by the Indians some time before. Sept. 10th. The army marched at 8 o'clock in the morning and in seven miles came to a very beautiful small lake, where the Indians had a few houses on the north side, and about a half mile from it, a town of 23 houses, called Canadaigua. This town was set on fire at two o'clock, and then we marched one and a half miles further to a convenient place to encamp, where the Indians had about 50 acres of corn and a great quantity of beans and other vegetables, all of which were destroyed soon after our arrival by our soldiers. Orders were given to march at 5 o'clock to-morrow. Sept. 11. The army marched at 5, in the morning. After marching 13 miles over a very pleasant level country, came to a town called Anayayea. Pleasantly situated near a small lake, where the enemy had plenty of corn, beans, &c. The army lived in great plenty off of these vegetables, and we thought ourselves happy to find so much good living in a savage country, and the enemy fleeing before us. Order to march at 5 o'clock in the morning. At this town the Indians had about 12 houses and 20 acres of good corn, which the soldiers were ordered to destroy. We here left a part of our stores, with a detachment under command of Capt. Cummings. Our sick also remained here in one of the block houses. Sept. 12th. Last evening about 8 o'clock began a very heavy rain, which continued till late in the forenoon, and detained our marching agreeably to the order of yesterday. Marched about 11 o'clock, and after marching about 12 miles passed a lake called Canadagua and encamped near an Indian town called Canaghsoos. This evening Lieut. Boyd, with a party of 23 men went to a town on the Genessee, and found it evacuated. Sept. 13th. The army marched at 5 o'clock, went into the town where they halted and cooked breakfast, while the pioneers were building bridges and cutting a road through the swamp. Mr. Lodge, a surveyor, with his assistants, without the sentry's rising, advanced [175] up a hill, were fired upon by a party of Indians who lay concealed on the hill for that purpose. One of his men was wounded, the rest made their escape. As Lieut. Boyd was returning to camp this morning he was attacked by a large party of Indians, himself and 16 of his men were killed or taken. One of his party, who made his escape, informed us that this morning in the Genessee town they killed and scalped an Indian who rode a good horse, and had three guns, supposed to be going to join their main party. After the army was alarmed, by the firing on Mr. Lodge, the riflemen and light troops immediately took possession of the height, where the enemy were posted. On the approach of our advance party the enemy left the ground, and about 150 of their packs, hats, blankets, tomahawks, &c, and fled before us without giving us one shot. We took possession of one of their towns on the Genessee, about 6 o'clock this evening without any opposition where we found a great plenty of corn and other vegetables. Sept. 14th. This morning the man wounded yesterday died. A fatigue party of 2000 men was ordered out at 6 o'clock to destroy the corn which they completed at 12 o'clock. The army then marched about 5 miles to the capital town on the Genessee. This town is situated on the west side of the river, on the most beautiful flat I ever saw, which town we entered without opposition and found two of our men, taken by the enemy yesterday, dead. They were brought to this place, killed and cut to pieces in the most barbarous and cruel manner that savages were master of. One of these men supposed to be Lieut. Boyd, the other a soldier of his party. These men were buried immediately, with the honors of war in as decent a manner as our situation would admit of. Sept. 15th. This morning the whole of the army was ordered to parade at 6 o'clock in order to destroy the corn of this place, which was judged to be upwards of 200 acres, and a vast quantity of beans, squashes, &c. This we completed by about 2 o'clock, by throwing it into the houses, which were set on fire. Some threw it into the river, and others built fires in the fields and burned it there. This forenoon Mrs. Lester, who was taken last November, by the Indians, came to our camp and brought with her one of her children. RETURN OF THE ARMY. Sept. 16th. Large fatigue parties were sent out this morning to destroy the corn, which they accomplished at 10 o'clock. The whole of the army marched at 11 o'clock. When we came near the ground where Lieut. Boyd was attacked by the Indians, on the 13th inst., several reconnoitering parties were sent out and found 14 of his men dead, and scalped and cut in a most savage manner. An Indian that went out as a guide to Lieut. Boyd was found cut to pieces; —all of whom we buried as decently as we could in our situation, and then the army proceeded as far as Canaghsoos, where the whole encamped at night. Sept. 17th. The army marched at 6 o'clock in the morning, and marched 12 miles to Hanayayea, where we left our stores and the sick, which we find all well. We arrived at the town at 1 o'clock when the army encamped and drew provisions. Sept. 18th. Marched at 6-1/2 in the morning and after a march of 13 miles came to a small lake near Canandaigua. This day we met on the road two Indians from Oneida, with dispatches for Gen. Sullivan. In the town we left this morning, and on the road, we killed about 20 pack horses that were not able to travel. Sept. 19th.—The army marched at 7 o'clock and with some difficulty reached Canadasago at 6 in the evening, where we encamped. This day an express met the army with letters from Gen. Washington. Information was brought that Col. Shreve had forwarded a great plenty of provisions and liquor to Newtown for the use of the army. Sept. 20th. The army lay in camp until 4 in the afternoon, and then the whole marched four miles, crossed the outlet of the lake, and encamped about 7 in the evening. This day several large parties were sent off to the different places. Lieut. Gore went on a command with Col. Butler, to the Cayuga lake, to destroy several towns and the corn belonging to the Cayuga nation, who a few days ago sent a request to the General, to have their crops saved. [176] Sept. 21st. The army marched at 7 in the morning, and encamped at night near Kendawa, a distance of 18 miles. Sept. 22d. We marched at 8 in the morning and advanced 14 miles. This morning Nathaniel Church sent to Wyoming. Sept. 23d. The army marched at 8 in the morning, and came to Shequaga (Catharines town,) at 2 in the afternoon, where we found a squaw dead, and the old squaw that we left on our way up, alive in her hut. This night the army encamped on the flats about two miles from the town. Sept. 24th. The army marched at 6, and arrived at the Tioga Broom, where we found plenty of provision and liquor, under the care of Capt. Reed. Sept. 25th. The army lay in camp at Fort Reed, where we had the news confirmed in general orders concerning Spain declaring war against England. This day was spent very joyfully, and at 5 o'clock a few de joie was fired by 13 rounds of cannon. Three cheers were then given. One for the Continental Congress, one for the King of Spain, and one for the King of France, after which there was a good supper provided for the troops of 5 oxen barbecued, and a great plenty of liquor to drink. The officers of Gen. Hand's brigade had 13 fires and 13 candles burning, and drank the following 13 toasts given by Gen. Hand, to wit: 1. The 13 Sister States and their Sponsors. 2. The Honorable Continental Congress 3. Gen. Washington and the American Army. 4. The Commander-in-Chief of the Western Expedition. 5. The American Navy. 6. Our faithful allies the House of Bourbon. 7. May the American Congress and all her legislature representatives be endued with virtue and wisdom, and may our Independence be as firmly established as the pillars of time. 8. May the citizens of America and her soldiers be ever unanimous in the reciprocal support of each other. 9. May altercations, discord, and every kind of fraud be totally banished the peaceful shores of America.  10. May the memory of the brave Lieut. Boyd, and the soldiers under his command, who were horribly massacred by the inhuman savages, or by their more barbarous and detestable allies, the British and Tories, on the 13th inst., be ever dear to their country. 11. An honorable peace with America or perpetual war with her enemies. 12. May the Kingdom of Ireland merit a stripe in the American Standard. 13. May the enemies of America be metamorphosed into pack horses and sent on a western expedition against the Indians. Sept. 26th. This day the army lay in camp at Fort Reed. At 12 o'clock, Col. Dearborn returned to camp from the Cayuga Lake, with 2 squaws he had taken prisoners. He reported that he had destroyed five towns on the west side of the lake, and a large quantity of corn and other vegetables. These towns were situated near the lake, in a fine fruitful country. He also destroyed a fine plantation belonging to Hendrick Markle, a Tory, who fled from the frontier town and settled among the Indians rather than live an honest life among a people he called rebels. Sept. 27th. This day the army lay in camp. A large fatigue party was sent up the river 9 miles, where they loaded nine boats with corn and other vegetables, and brought them down. This evening Mr. Lodge and five men from Col. Butler's party, came in and informed us that the Colonel was about 10 miles from camp. A soldier belonging to the New Hampshire troops died to-day. Sept. 28th. The army lay in camp. Several large parties sent out this morning to destroy corn and other vegetables. Col. Butler returned to camp from the Cayuga country, and informed us that he had destroyed five towns, and about 150 acres of most excellent corn, and a large quantity of beans, potatoes, and other vegetables. One of his party died very suddenly this morning, before he reached camp. [177] Sept. 29th. The army left Fort Reed and marched 10 miles toward Fort Sullivan passing Butler's breastworks. We encamped at night on a flat 2 miles below Chemung. This evening Capt. Spalding returned from a command up the Tioga branch where he destroyed a small town and about 10 acres of corn, the fences, &c. This town appeared to have been built by white people. Sept. 30th. This morning the army marched at 7 o'clock and arrived at Tioga about 2 o'clock in the afternoon, and each brigade encamped on the old ground. Oct. 1st. The army lay in camp. One or two small parties sent to Wyoming. I have been very unwell for some days. Oct. 2nd, Sunday. Continued in Fort Sullivan. Order to march Monday at 6 o'clock for Wyoming. Oct. 3rd. Continued at Tioga. Oct. 4th. Marched for Wyoming. Encamped at night at Wysox. Oct. 5th. The army went on board the boats, and came down as far as DePews. Oct. 6th. Came to Lackawanna. Oct. 7th. The army came to Wyoming. Oct. 10th. The army left this place and marched for Easton. Oct. 29th. The German regiments marched for Sunbury. Dec'r 19th. Capt. Selin set out for Philadelphia. THE END.