Misc: Soldiers' Orphan Schools, 1904 Report, Pennsylvania - Part 1 Contributed for use in the USGenWeb Archives by Judy Bookwalter and Judy Banja Copyright 2004. All rights reserved. http://www.usgwarchives.net/copyright.htm http://www.usgwarchives.net/pa/pafiles.htm _________________________________________________ Part 2 - Rosters of children: http://files.usgwarchives.net/pa/1pa/xmisc/orphan-1904b.txt Html with photos: http://www.usgwarchives.net/pa/1pa/education/orphan1904/orphan-1904.htm Annual Report of the Pennsylvania Commission of Soldiers' Orphan Schools for the Year Ending May 31, 1904. Wm. Stanley Ray, State Printer of Pennsylvania, 1905 Commission of Soldiers' Orphan Schools [photo] COMMISSIONERS OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. [photograph] LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. Commission of Soldiers' Orphan Schools. Frontispiece. Calesthenic Exercises, Chester Springs School, 79 Dress Parade, Chester Springs School, 78 Exhibit of Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School at Louisiana Purchase Exposition, 88 New Water Tank and Pump House, Industrial School, 83 Patterson, Hon. John D., Portrait of, 70 Small Automatic Engine, Exhibit at Louisiana Purchase Exposition, 89 "The Knob," Jumonsville, 82 2 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. Pennsylvania Commission of Soldiers' Orphan Schools. GOVERNOR SAMUEL W. PENNYPACKER. Members on the Part of the Senate. JACOB C. STINEMAN. ANDREW G. WILLIAMS. Members on the Part of the House of Representatives. IRA F. MANSFIELD. THOMAS V. COOPER. JOHN H. RIEBEL. Members on the Part of the Department of Pennsylvania G. A. R. LEVI G. McCAULEY. THOMAS G. SAMPLE. JAMES F. MORRISON. R. H. HOLGATE. THAD. M. MAHON. ORGANIZATION. SAML. W. PENNYPACKER, President. LEVI G. McCAULEY, Vice President. R. H. HOLGATE, Secretary. THOMAS G. SAMPLE, Treasurer. Executive Committee. Supply Committee. Samuel W. Pennypacker. Thomas G. Sample. Levi G. McCauley. Jacob C. Stineman. Andrew G. Williams. Thad. M. Mahon. Thomas V. Cooper. R. H. Holgate. R. H. Holgate. John H. Riebel. Thad. M. Mahon. Advisory Committee. Property Committee. Samuel W. Pennypacker. James F. Morrison. Levi G. McCauley. Andrew G. Williams. Thomas G. Sample. Ira F. Mansfield. R. H. Holgate. Thomas V. Cooper. Clerks. Inspectors. William J. George. S. G. Willauer. Annie L. Boyer. Laura P. Swentzel. Harold R. Jauss. No. 16 COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 3 DIRECTORY OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. Schools. Superintendent. Postoffice. How Reached. 1. Chester Springs, Dr. M. B. Hughes, Chester Springs, Via Philadelphia Chester county, and Reading Railroad to Phoenixville; thence by Pickering Valley Railroad to Chester Springs. 2. Uniontown, J. A. Waters, Jumonville, Via Pittsburg and Fayette county Connellsville Railroad from Pittsburg to Uniontown; thence to Jumonville, five miles. 3. S.O. Industrial, George W. Skinner, Scotland, Via Cumberland Valley Franklin county Railroad. 4 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE PENNSYLVANIA COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS FOR THE YEAR ENDING MAY 31, 1904. To the Senate and House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania: Gentlemen: Herewith, as required by the act of Assembly, is presented the Report of the Soldiers' Orphan Schools Commission having charge of the proper conduct of the schools authorized by the law of the State. This report will show the condition of the schools for the year ending May 31, 1904. On May 31, 1903, there were 1,032 pupils enrolled, and on May 31, 1904, there were 950, showing a decrease in that period of 82. This concludes the fortieth year of the existence of these schools and the fifteenth year under the management of a commission. During the past school year there has been no epidemic of disease. Of course there is always more or less sickness, and always will be, among children congregated as we have them in the schools, and that we have been enabled to escape the different epidemics of disease which have swept over the State from time to time can be credited to the watchfulness and care shown by the employes of the different schools. The action of the State in continuing these schools for all the years since the close of the war has been, in the judgment of this commission, a wise and commendable one. When we stop to consider that there have been nearly 20,000 boys and girls educated and cared for in these schools, many of whom now fill honorable and responsible positions/we cannot help but declare that this grand old Commonwealth of Pennsylvania is true to her sons who offered their lives to protect her honor and integrity. The children coming into the schools now are very young, and as we have before stated, it must necessarily be some years before they can be finally discharged. That means the ultimate concentration of all the children at the Industrial School at Scotland, Franklin county, Pa. At this school they can be taught some things which No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 5 will aid them in the battle of this life. The boys and girls work in the printing office, the tailoring department and in the laundry. Boys are also employed in the wood-working department, machine shop, engine room, and learning the intricacies of electricity and farming. The girls are instructed in housework and dressmaking; and boys and girls are taught telegraphy, typewriting and stenography. Many of the pupils who have graduated from the schools are employed in the different railway offices, telegraph offices, and in business offices throughout the State. In each of the three schools military training is given the boys and they are then taught the value of discipline and obedience, which, in the struggle of life, is of paramount importance. Farms are also attached to each school, upon which is raised a large portion of the vegetables used, such as potatoes, corn, onions, etc. The following is the population of the schools for the year ending May 31, 1904: Boys. Girls. Total. Chester Springs, 194 134 328 Uniontown, 219 104 323 Industrial, 180 119 299 Total, 593 357 950 The members of the commission, all of whom are members of the Grand Army of the Republic, desire, at this time, to express to the Legislature, and through them to the people of the State, their appreciation of the patriotic spirit that has kept alive this wise and beneficent system. It is an authoritive declaration to all who may follow that Pennsylvania never tires in performing a patriotic duty. While it has cost money to continue this system, yet to the minds of the members of this commission, the State could expend no money which will bring back a greater reward in the future than that of caring for the children who may be unfortunate enough not to have the care or protection of parents and friends. If left to wander and grow up without some discipline being enforced, in after years it would bring about such a state of affairs in society that it would cost the State more money in providing*reformatory and correctional institutions than it has done to provide these homes. We do not mean to say by this that this class of children is confined exclusively to those of the soldiers of the War of the Rebellion, but they belong to all classes of society. In conclusion, gentlemen, the commission makes an earnest request of the members of the Legislature, the Grand Army of the Republic, the clergy, members of the press, and in fact citizens in all 6 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. the walks of life to visit these institutions and see for themselves what this commission is endeavoring to do for those committed to their charge. Attached hereto you will find (he tabulated statements of all matter connected with the schools, which will give, in detail, all the information as to the conduct of the schools that may be desired. Every member of the present commission is a comrade of the Grand Army of the Republic, as follows: Governor Samuel W. Pennypacker, ex-officio. On the Part of the Senate of Pennsylvania: Jacob C. Stinernan. Andrew G. Williams. On the Part of the House of Representatives: Thomas V. Cooper. John H. Riebel. Ira F. Mansfield. On the Part of the Grand Army of the Republic: Thomas G. Sample. Levi G. McCauley. James F. Morrison. Thad. M. Mahon. Richard H. Holgate. Respectfully submitted, SAML. W. PENNYPACKER, President. RICHARD H. HOLGATE, Secretary. No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 7 TREASURER'S REPORT. May 31, 1904. Pennsylvania Commission of Soldiers' Orphan Schools, in Account with the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. To amount of appropriation for two years ending May 31, 1905, $387,400 00 By expenditures per settlement with the accounting department for the year ending May 31, 1904: Education, maintenance and clothing, 151,942 22 Improvements and repairs, 23,492 54 Inspectors' salaries, 3,300 00 Inspectors' traveling expenses, 600 00 Office salaries, 3,300 00 Contingent expenses, including postage, express and other expenses, etc., 4,000 00 186,634 76 Balance remaining to the credit of the Commission for the year ending May 31, 1905, $200,765 24 Respectfully submitted, THOMAS G. SAMPLE, Treasurer. 8 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. TABULAR STATEMENTS. Number of schools in which there are soldiers' orphans, 3 Reduction in number since the organization of the system, 41 Number of children in schools May 31, 1903, 1,032 Number of children in schools May 31, 1904, 950 Number of children admitted from June 1, 1903, to May 31, 1904, 129 Number of children on partial relief, None. Number of discharges from June 1, 1903, to June 1, 1904, 207 Number of deaths from June 1, 1903, to June 1, 1904, 4 Number of admissions granted under former laws, 15,899 Number of admissions granted under act of 1893, 2,806 Total number of admissions granted to May 31, 1904, 18,705 Number of children admitted to schools under former laws, 14,834 Number of children admitted to schools, act of 1893, 2,572 Total number of children admitted, 17,406 Number of orders cancelled under former laws, 1,065 Number of orders cancelled, act of 1893, 216 Total number of orders cancelled to May 31, 1904, 1,281 Orders outstanding May 31, 1904, 8 Applications received, act of 1893, 2,888 Number rejected and expired on file, 230 Applications on file June 1, 1904, 8 Expense of schools, office, inspectors, repairs, improvements and contingent for year ending May 31, 1904, $186,634 76 Total expense of system as shown by the annual reports to May 31, 1904 $11,955,388 50 [TABULAR DATA, PP. 9-20, OMITTED] 20 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. SCHOOL FACULTY AND EMPLOYES. For the Year Ending May 31, 1904. CHESTER SPRINGS SCHOOL. OFFICERS. Dr. M. B. Hughes, superintendent. Miss M. E. White, matron. Mrs. S. J. Brown, assistant matron. John A. Barrett, military instructor. John R. Wells, physician. EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENT. PRINCIPAL. Ira D. McCord. TEACHERS. Miss Bertha M. Holgate. Miss Helen E. Buohl. Miss Katharine Quinlan. Miss Margaret A. Harbaugh. Miss Annie J. Wharton. Miss Margaret Brisbin. Miss M. Elsie. Dalbey. Miss Junia M. Wall. OTHER EMPLOYES. Miss Leah Shellenberger, sewing room. Miss Margaret Irwin, assistant sewing room. Mary Scott Sloan, assistant sewing room. Mrs. Marie P. Hartweg, boys' mending. Miss Elizabeth E. Koons, girls' mending. Mrs. M. E. Root, dining room. Miss Minnie Rumberger, assistant dining room. Mrs. S. E. Garis, dormitories. Mrs. E. L. Jefferis, dormitories. No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 21 Mrs. L. H. Richards, nurse. C. A. Broome, laundryman. Ella R. Sloyer, assistant laundress. Ella K. Sloyer, assistant laundress. Edith Shaffner, assistant laundress. Thomas O. K. Robarts, baker. Mrs. Loveana Hunter, cook. Viola G. Campbell, cook. F. H. Hartwig, engineer. F. P. Barrett, cobbler. Samuel E. Rankin, stenographer. George M. Hazlett, teamster. Lloyd R. Ammerman, fireman. Olive Holderman, general utility. George H. Jefferis, carpenter. Cortland M. Fell, watchman. Lawrence Reagan, fireman. UNIONTOWN. OFFICERS. J. A. Waters, superintendent. Mrs. L. L. Welty, matron. Chris. Beekman, military instructor. C. H. LaClair, physician. EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENT. PRINCIPAL. H. E. Gress. TEACHERS. Miss Caroline M. Collins. Miss Eleanor R. Sterrett. Miss Martha F. Hancock. Miss Margaret McCurdy. Mrs. Orrie L. Wambaugh. Miss Lulu Mathews. Miss Sarah E. Redding. 22 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. OTHER EMPLOYES. Miss Jane E. Kinter, assistant matron. Mrs. W. M. McClune, assistant matron. Miss Lou McClune, assistant matron. Miss Flora M. Adams, assistant matron. Ella Kirkland, assistant matron. Miss Maria Swackhammer, sewing room. Miss Annie Swackhammer, sewing room. Miss Sallie McKibbin, assistant sewing room. Laura Balser, dining room. Mrs. Maggie E. Greer, dormitories. Kathryn B. Clarke, nurse. Jennie Cromwell, laundress. Mattie M. Wissing, assistant laundress. F. X. Korherr, baker. Miss Sadie McQuilkin, cook. Miss Mary Demick, cook. Harry Randlett, engineer. Joseph Jackson, electrical engineer. John R. Ford, assistant engineer. John Kaiser, cobbler. Charles Spaw, teamster. Arthur McDowell, fireman. H. R. Cross, watchman. Stephen McDowell, driver. SOLDIERS' ORPHANS' INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL. OFFICERS. George W. Skinner, superintendent. Miss Jennie Martin, matron. H. M. Buchanan, assistant matron. W. C. Bambrick, military instructor. W. Frank Skinner, physician. EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENT. PRINCIPAL. W. C. Bambrick. TEACHERS. Mrs. Mary L. Kessler. Miss Mary E. Kieffer. Miss Jennie K. Harkness. No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 23 Miss Daisy M. Grimes. Miss Anna Morton (assistant teacher and music). Miss Mary E. Hamilton, assistant teacher. OTHER EMPLOYES. W. H. Stewart, superintendent of industries. John H. Pomeroy, foreman of printing department. J. S. Weltmer, instructor of telegraphy, stenography and type-writing. R. J. Cook, assistant military instructor. T. G. Bering, foreman of woodworking department. A. B. Beard, foreman of machine department. L. C. Martin, foreman of tailoring department. Grace Aughinbaugh, seamstress. Mrs. N. L. VanBaman, instructress, dressmaking department. Charlotte M. Beitsch, nurse. Miss Helen McGlaughlin, sewing department. Lyda Engleroth, tailoress. Charles Mentzer, foreman of laundry and bandmaster. S. C. Heiges, foreman of baking department. Fred. W. Smith, shoemaker. Miss Jennie Coleman, dining room. Francis Moyer, cook. Kate Branson, assistant cook. B. F. Sterner, assistant engineer. C. Ed. Mickey, assistant engineer. Charles Bower, pumping station. Jacob P. Youst, farmer. T. A. Hambright, sewage disposal. James Conrad, watchman. Bertha Goller, assistant laundry. D. A. Hale, laborer. 24 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. REPORT OF SEWING ROOMS FOR THE YEAR ENDING JUNE, 30, 1904. CHESTER SPRINGS SCHOOL. Garments Manufactured. Number Estimated of Yards. Cost. 72 White dresses, 300 $36 00 174 Gingham dresses (best), 800 120 00 59 Wool dresses (best), 350 175 00 45 Detail dresses, 275 34 38 95 White skirts, 300 27 00 192 Night gowns, 865 77 85 72 Drawer waists, 72 8 64 150 Pair muslin drawers, 300 27 00 70 Red flannel skirts, 225 112 50 71 Seersucker skirts, 250 30 00 40 Dining room aprons, 80 7 20 10 White aprons, 30 3 60 332 Gingham aprons, 900 99 00 6 Blue coats, 9 90 10 Boys' working aprons, 10 1 00 54 Dresses done over. Total, $760 07 Very Respectfully, LEAH SHELLENBERGER. No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 25 UNIONTOWN. Five (5) sewing machines used. Ten girls assist in dressmaking, working in details each day. Number of Articles. Yards. Estimated Cost. 80 Wool dresses, 480 $320 00 245 Gingham dresses, 1,470 245 00 80 Lawn dresses, 480 80 00 500 Aprons, 1,800 125 00 150 Night dresses, 450 75 00 90 Drawers, 245 18 00 40 Flannel skirts, 120 40 00 800 Towels 800 80 00 50 Corset covers, 50 5 00 80 Skirts (cotton), 320 24 00 Total, $1,012 00 Respectfully yours, MARIE SWACKHAMMER. SOLDIERS' ORPHANS' INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL. For the detailed report of the sewing room of the Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School see the report of the Superintendent of Industries of that school on page 99. 70 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. IN MEMORIAM. JOHN D. PATTERSON. [portrait] John D. Patterson, chief clerk of the Soldiers' Orphan Schools Commission, died at twelve o'clock Wednesday night, September 9, 1903, at the home of his son-in-law, William I. Koller, in York, where he had gone in the hope of regaining strength after an illness from gastritis which began in the early part of the year. He was taken to his late home in Harrisburg and buried from there. The active pallbearers were : Grand Army of the Republic, Post 58, William Wheeler; Soldiers' Orphan Schools of Pennsylvania, Colonel Thomas G. Sample; Knights of Pythias, Thomas Poffenberger; Knights of Malta, Richard A. Vorndran; Heptasophs, Robert M. Robinson; Harrisburg Republican Club, Benjamin W. Campbell; Red Men, David H. Ellinger; Veteran Association, Pennsylvania Railroad, George B. Chandler. John D. Patterson, chief clerk of the Soldiers' Orphan Schools Commission, was born at Williamsburg, Blair county, Pa., November 1, 1842. His parents were of that sturdy stock, Scotch-Irish, the representatives of which are so numerous and prominent in the leadership of American society. The parents of Chief Clerk Patterson gave their son the advantages which the public schools afford, and supplemented these by a course of study at the academy. At the same time they were careful that some systematic and continuous industrial occupation should fill up the vacation and intervals between school terms. The result was a studious and industrious youth, with some knowledge and training and a desire for more. His first employment on his own account was farm work, in the summer months, and teaching school in the winter months. The war came on and opened to him a new field of action. He enlisted in the army in August, 1862. Before he had been a month in the service, on September 17, 1862, he was baptized in the blood of battle, on the battlefield of Antietam, where he received serious injury. For meritorious action he was made orderly to General Kane, and also to General Knipe. At the end of his term of service he re-enlisted and served to the end of the war. Upon his final discharge from the army, July 1, 1865, he moved immediately to Harrisburg, and entered the service of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. He remained with that company until September 1, 1874, when he resigned his position, having been elected mayor of the city of Harrisburg. He was re-elected in 1876 and 1878. In 1881 he was elected resident clerk of the House of Representa- No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 71 tives. He was elected Sergeant-at-Arms of the House of Representatives in 1885, 1887 and 1889. In December, 1889, he was appointed auditing clerk of the Commissioners of the Soldiers' Orphans' Schools, which he held until 1896, when he was elected mayor of the city of Harrisburg for the fourth time. While he was serving his fourth term as mayor, Chief Clerk Joseph Pomeroy of the Soldiers' Orphan Schools Commission died, and Mr. Patterson was appointed to the position, which he held at the time of his death. Mr. Patterson was a painstaking official and won the respect and confidence of every member of the Soldiers' Orphan School Commission. Mr. Patterson is survived by three daughters: Miss Emma Patterson; Mrs. Grauley, of Philadelphia, and Mrs. William I. Koller, York. 72 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE INSPECTRESS. To the Honorable Commission of Soldiers' Orphan Schools: The duties of your inspectress during the year ending June 30, 1904, were mainly confined to those of ordinary routine. There was no unusual episode that transpired which called for extra exertions or imperiled the health or safety of the scholars. To this statement, however, one exception may be noted, viz.: the outbreak of measles which took place at Jumonville School during the winter of 1903 and 1904. Fortunately, there were no deaths nor permanent disabilities, a result which certainly can be attributed in a large degree to the medical care and supervision exercised at the time of the outbreak. It is to be noted in connection with the subject of health that the object of the Commission has been to ascertain the individual physical needs of each pupil, and, whenever necessary, to transfer them to the care of a specialist, or to hospitals where the best possible treatment can be accorded. A reference to the reports of the several physicians attached to the schools will no doubt illustrate the number and character of such cases. Apart from the general good health of the pupils at the various schools, it should be noted that during the last year much progress has been made in the condition affecting their comfort, and in promoting their general welfare. These may be summed up in the form of alterations and repairs to the various buildings, and in regulations governing their conditions. These alterations, which it is unnecessary to specify in detail, embrace the means of better ventilation and drainage, and more spacious accommodation of the pupils. Notwithstanding these various improvements, your inspectress feels that she would be deficient in her duty if she did not again call attention to the advisability of concentrating the pupils at the Scotland institution. This was the original design, and as time goes by, it would seem to be the part of wisdom to carry out the original plan. However healthy and suitable the establishments at other points in the interior of the State may appear, yet there are undoubted and unquestionable advantages in concentrating the schools at one central point. Without wishing to infringe upon the province of the Commission, it is to be hoped that the lawmaking powers of the State will see fit to grant such means and facilities to the Commission as will enable it to build cottages, or to enlarge the present accommodations at Scotland, at an early date. A reference to the detailed reports of those entrusted with the technical education of the children will show a number of varied industries, all of them useful and none of which should be abandoned. It has been a subject of serious thought, however, to your inspectress, whether in the female department there should not be estab- No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 73 lished a new branch of industry and tuition. It is difficult to explain the exact requirements of this new plan, except to say that it should embrace instruction in such matters of domestic science, economy and management as will enable the girl pupils upon their entry into domestic life to manage and control their households. While a knowledge of the various trades is essential to enable the male pupils to earn their subsistence, it is certainly of equal importance that the future wives should also learn the trade of housekeeping. It is needless to enlarge upon this subject, but it is to be hoped that the Commission will see its way toward the establishment of a department of domestic science. Your inspectress has intentionally refrained from entering into details of the different institutions, knowing that all such information will be embraced in the reports of the heads of the different departments, but it is worth noting as a general summary that the operations of all the schools during the past year have been conducted with vigor and success. Not a single critic has appeared to make complaint of any action of the Commission or any of its officials, nor is there any reason to believe that any interest affecting the health, education or comfort of these wards of the State has been forgotten or neglected. Very respectfully, LAURA P. SWENTZEL, Inspectress. Philadelphia, August 30, 1904. 74 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. INSPECTOR'S REPORT. West Chester, Pa., September 30, 1904. To the Commission of Soldiers' Orphan Schools, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Gentlemen: I have the honor to present my sixth annual report as inspector of the Soldiers' Orphan Schools. In doing so it gives me pleasure to be able to refer to the past year as a well-balanced one, in which no department of the work has so predominated as to be a detriment to the others, but one in which all have been given due interest and consideration. Nor has the physical and moral well-being of the boys and girls been neglected, and it is our particular pride that the general health, appearance and happiness of the children is beyond question, and that they generally regret leaving school. While walking along the street in New York recently, I was most agreeably surprised at being greeted by a young colored girl who was a recent pupil of the schools. She wished to know all about the boys and girls from the school from which she came, and spoke of the happy days she had spent there. We are proud to feel that the State has been able to develop the schools so that this kind of a report may be made. My monthly visits to the schools during the year included a thorough inspection of the grounds, buildings, outbuildings, a careful observation of everything connected with the kitchen, dining rooms, hospitals, lavatories, etc., etc.; a careful examination of the food furnished and the preparation of it; a close scrutiny of the appearance of the children; and a careful inspection of the "boys' line;" the clothing and shoes worn by them, etc., etc.; visits to the class rooms, observing the ventilation and methods of instruction and discipline of the children. In September, 1903, there were 991 pupils in all. In June, 1904, (at the end of the year) there were 946; a loss of 45, taking into consideration the admissions and discharges during the year. On the above computation about 90 will not return on account of the age limit. As the Commission keeps in touch with the many details of the schools, I have purposely avoided mentioning the many things which have been covered in my monthly and special reports. No serious epidemic has occurred, and the children have been well. The fire- drill is still practiced at all the schools, so that in case of fire the boys could be depended upon to take their places in certain positions in the buildings and use their best efforts to prevent excitement and confusion while the children are getting out of the building; the fire-drill interests them to such an extent that it is thought No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 75 they would not think of danger, but quietly pass out of the building in an orderly manner. In case of fire in the girls' department, the boys, in charge of the military instructor, are taught to go to the assistance of the girls. At the bugle call for fire, the dormitories can be emptied in about two and a half minutes. I wish there could be devised some system whereby things taught at the schools could be carried on more fully in some of our technical schools or colleges. Would it not be possible, in view of the many State appropriations, to get scholarships established at such places, open to those students of the orphan schools who show the greatest ability of being able to profit by them? Are there not openings at great concerns like Cramps, Westinghouse, etc., etc., where our boys from the Industrial School might find entrance and opportunity? With the perfectly organized influence of the members of the Commission and other friends of the schools, such openings might be provided each year. Our libraries are sadly in need of replenishing. Their condition has been very unsatisfactory for several years, and as there seems to be great demand for the few worn out books, new ones would certainly be very welcome to the children. The entertainments given at all the schools by the children at the annual commencements in June were a great success, and very pleasing and entertaining to the members of the Commission present, and to the visitors and parents of the children. The following is an extract from the Harrisburg Telegraph: "This was commencement day at the State Industrial School at Scotland and the interesting exercises were creditable to the faculty, the students and the institution. Each year demonstrates anew the wisdom of the Commonwealth in establishing this school and each year further demonstrates the necessity for enlarging its scope and preparing for the great work which is at hand in the industrial training of the orphans of soldiers and of those who may follow them. "A large assemblage witnessed the first day's exercises yesterday (June 20, 1904), including many distinguished visitors from all parts of the State. Among those who were present and made addresses were General Thomas J. Stewart, Colonel Thos. G. Sample, Senator Williams, of Butler; Representative Mansfield, of Beaver county, and other members of the Commission. The exercises in the gymnasium were of a high order of excellence, the singing, recitations and the orations being equal to the best that might be expected of any first-class college or academy. "The site of the school is one of the most delightful to be found anywhere; and the health of the boys and girls shows the wisdom of the location. There were many visitors of the G. A. R. among the throng, including Captain John C. Gerbig, of Chambersburg; John Eckel, commander of the Post at Chambersburg; Senator Alexander Stewart, Captain Miller, of Carlisle, and others. "An incident of the exercises yesterday was the suggestion of one of the speakers that the Legislature be asked for an appropriation to build an assembly hall, which is needed. The suggestion was received with tremendous enthusiasm by the visitors and students, and it is believed that some steps will be taken to secure such a hall." There is much more that might be said, but I think I have given a general idea of the condition of the schools. Of course, there have 76 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. been little matters requiring adjustment and criticism during the year, but these have been attended to promptly, and I feel that it is not necessary to call further attention to them. It remains for me to congratulate the members of the Commission on the generally commendable condition of the schools and to thank them for their assistance and personal interest in this work. Very respectfully submitted, S. G. WILLAUER, Inspector. No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 77 REPORTS OF SUPERINTENDENTS. SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOL, CHESTER SPRINGS. Chester Springs, Pa., June 30, 1904. Commission Soldiers' Orphan Schools, Harrisburg, Pa.: Gentlemen: I beg leave to submit the fourteenth annual report of the Chester Springs Soldiers' Orphan School. Upon assuming the superintendency of the school, I found upon its roll, June 30, 1903, 379 pupils. There were admitted during the year just closed, June 30, 1904, 81 pupils on order, making a total on the roll for the year 460. During the same period there were discharged on age, 32; on order, 12; and by transfer to the Industrial School at Scotland, Pa., 85; making a total of 129 pupils discharged. To this number must be added the loss of three by death, making the number taken from our roll 132, leaving on the roll at the close of the year 328. During the year we had a number of cases of illness of a very serious character, notably two of typhoid fever, one of scarlet fever, three of pneumonia, two of diphtheria, and two of membraneous croup, besides more than a hundred cases of measles; yet, owing to the skill of our physician, blessed by a Divine Providence, no death occurred from any acute disease, while the care with which those whose illness was of a contagious nature were isolated, together with the free use of antiseptics, prevented the spread of contagion. Of the three deaths reported above, two of them, Mary Coil, eight years old, of Susquehanna county, and Walter Cuff (colored), ten years old, of Fulton county, died of marasmus (wasting disease), and Margaret Buckalew, of Luzerne county, of heart disease, dying very suddenly after having recovered from a light attack of measles. While it is with deep regret that we have to report the loss of three pupils by death, yet in view of the facts above stated the mortality has been exceedingly small. Too much praise cannot be given to our physician, Dr. John R. Wells, for his untiring care and skilful and successful treatment of the many cases under his charge during the year. Although it proved utterly impossible to find the friends of either Mary Coil or Walter Cuff, during their illness or after their death, yet gentle hands administered to their comfort, beautiful flowers were placed on their caskets, appropriate services held in the chapel, and they were given proper burial in the plot belonging to. the school in East Vincent Cemetery. The remains of Margaret Buckalew were taken to her home for burial. 78 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. Our loss by death was not confined to the pupils referred to, for during the year two of our respected employes were called away by the "Grim Reaper." Mrs. Mary Bowers, of Harrisburg, of the sewing department, after struggling with an almost indomitable will against the ravages of disease, and working long after one with less energy would have succumbed, was at last forced to yield and in the latter part of October was called to her rest. Major James P. Holt, known to and respected by all who have in any way been connected with or interested in the Soldiers' Orphan Schools, by reason of his long service extending over a period of fourteen years in the schools, at Harford, Uniontown, and Chester Springs, like a brave soldier that he was, stayed at his post long after the infirmities of disease had rendered the discharge of duty not only wearisome, but well nigh impossible, was forced finally to surrender, and after the first day of January, 1904, never left his room but once until the twelfth day of April, having answered the last roll- call, he was carried to the home of his sister in Philadelphia, from whence he was buried. His unfailing cheerfulness and courtesy, his high appreciation and exemplification of, in his own life, all that was noble and manly, endeared him to all who were in any' way associated with him. By his death the soldiers' orphan schools lost a valuable and valued employe. May his last bivouac be an eternal rest. During the year some improvements have been made, chief among which was the remodeling of what was known as the "temporary" building into a dormitory and play-room for the little boys, with a cosy room for their matron. The basement was furnished with a large cedar tank selected by Major McCauley, which has proved a great boon to the little fellows. The separating of the little boys into a dormitory of their own was a very wise thing to do, as it has added greatly to the welfare and comfort of the little fellows, for which the Commission deserves great praise. The teachers' building was greatly improved by having a room furnished for use as a parlor, and the rooms most needing it newly papered, painted and carpeted. The several holidays and holiday seasons were duly observed. The first one, the glorious Fourth, was fittingly celebrated by the assembling of the pupils and employes in the chapel where patriotic songs were sung by the children, the Declaration of Independence read by the Superintendent, and an appropriate address, suited to the understanding of the pupils, made by Major Holt. On Christmas the Commission made everybody happy by a most generous supply of candies, fruits and nuts, and directing the Superintendent to provide a bountiful Christmas dinner. The day was one of unalloyed pleasure to all, and was fittingly closed by appropriate services in the chapel. During the holidays Mr. John O. K. Robarts, editor of the Phoenixville Messenger, a true friend of the soldiers' orphans, accompanied by Miss Goodwin, of Cranberry, N. J., pianist, and Miss Widdecombe, of Phoenixville, elocutionist, came up and gave the children, both big and little, a most charming musical and literary treat; and at a later date, accompanied by the blind pianist, Professor Wallace, Miss Widdecombe, elocutionist, and Misses Evans and Renard, singers, entertained us all equally as charmingly. The holiday sea- DRESS PARADE, CHESTER SPRINGS SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOL. [photograph] CALISTHENIC EXERCISES, CHESTER SPRINGS SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOL. [photograph] No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 79 son closed with a phonograph entertainment given by Comrade Wm. A. Stewart, assisted by his son, Wm. A. Stewart, Jr. To Mr. Robarts, Comrade Stewart, and all who accompanied them, the thanks of the management of the school are due, and are hereby tendered for the kindly thoughtfulness in thus contributing to the enjoyment of the children. On Memorial Day the entire school, led by the band, marched to East Vincent Cemetery and, after the usual services were held, strewed with flowers not only the graves of their fellow-pupils, but also the graves of all the soldiers who lie buried there. In the afternoon the officers, teachers and other employes, with the children and a goodly number of the citizens of the community, assembled in the chapel and after the school had sung "My Country 'Tis of Thee," listened to an able, and to the pupils, (for it was intended particularly for them), a most interesting address, delivered by the Hon. B. F. Hughes, of Philadelphia, who kindly and cheerfully had responded to the invitation to deliver the address. Religious services, either Sunday-school or preaching by one of the neighboring pastors on Sabbath, and chapel services on each week night, have been observed during the year. Revs. Schnering and Miller have kindly responded to invitations to address us. I must not forget to mention the name of a former pupil of the school who did much to enhance the pleasure of the children who were kept at the school during vacation. Mr. George Benkhart, of Philadelphia, remembering no doubt his vacation days, with his heart made tender by the memory, sent a large box containing dolls, jacks and croquet sets for the girls, and marbles and baseball outfits for the boys, especially directing that they be given to those who had to spend their vacations at the school. That the work done in the school-room was well done, and that the pupils had profited by the instruction received, was evidenced not only by the manner in which they acquitted themselves in their examination, and at the "annual" exercises, but by the words of commendation from those who were here to witness their work. Whatever measure of success has been accomplished has been due to the unanimity of effort, and the harmony existing among all those whose duty it is to care for and train the children in preparing themselves for lives of usefulness. I would like to refer in words of commendation to each teacher and employe individually, and thus express my appreciation of the manner in which each has performed his or her part in making this year a profitable one to the school, and a most pleasant one to its Superintendent. I must, however, on account of lack of space deny myself this pleasure, and content myself with a brief reference to a few heads of departments. The farm, under the efficient management of Mr. George M. Hazlett, furnished us with an abundance of fresh vegetables in their season. The engine-room, kept bright and clean, with its machinery in perfect order, furnishes abundant evidence that our engineer, Mr. F. H. Hartweg, is the "right man in the right place"; our laundry, under the charge of Mr. C. A. Broome, is second to none, while of the man who bakes our bread, pies and cakes, I need only to say he has been doing the baking for the soldiers' orphans for thirty years. The girls' department, under the tactful management of its most efficient matron, Miss M. E. White. assisted by Mrs. S. J. Brown, is 80 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. entitled to, and received the praise of all whose privilege it was to visit and inspect the department. Perfect cleanliness and strict yet kindly discipline are manifest everywhere. Owing to the long illness and death of the military instructor, Major Holt, the boys' department was for a part of the year practically without a head, yet it received much praise from those who witnessed the deportment of the boys, and the manner in which they acquitted themselves in the military drill at "annual." To the inspector, Major Willauer, and his most worthy and efficient coadjutator, the inspectress, Mrs. Laura P. Swentzel, I am indebted for many courtesies and helpful suggestions, for which I hereby tender my most sincere thanks. To the members of the Commission of Soldiers' Orphan Schools, I cannot find words in which to adequately express my appreciation of the many kindnesses received at their hands. The selection of such men to have charge of the institutions established for the care and education of the children of their late comrades has proven to have been a wise one. Nothing that will advance the interests or conduce to the welfare or comfort of the children, if asked for, is ever refused if it is in their power to grant it. Thanking you, gentlemen, for your uniform courtesy, I am most respectfully yours, DR. M. B. HUGHES, Superintendent. No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 81 UNIONTOWN SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOL. Jumonville, Pa., June 30, 1904. Commission Soldiers' Orphan Schools, Harrisburg, Pa.: Gentlemen: I beg leave to present the thirty-eighth annual report of the Uniontown Soldiers' Orphan School. The total number of pupils on the roll during the year was 386. Of these 48 were admitted during the year. Fifteen pupils have been discharged on age, 9 by order of the Commission, 38 have been transferred to the Scotland Industrial School, and 1 died. Discharges over admissions have been 15. We began the year with 338 pupils on the roll; a net loss of 15 leaves the number on the roll at the close of the year 323. Of these 217 are boys and 106 girls, the percentage of the sexes being 67 per cent. boys and 33 per cent. girls, more than two to one in favor of the boys. This is the largest percentage of boys we have ever had in the history of the school. Taken altogether, the year has been a pleasant one. We commenced the session somewhat handicapped by reason of the absence of a military instructor. But with the advent of Major Beekman, who was transferred from the Chester Springs School, the normal condition of things was soon restored. Major Beekman brought with him a valuable experience gained at the Chester Springs School, and his year's work with us has been highly successful. The military drill at the time of our annual examination was evidence of faithful and efficient work. We have rarely passed a year with so little sickness among the children. There was an epidemic of measles, from which all made good recoveries. A serious accident befell one of the boys while coasting and which for a time we feared was a fatal injury. A sad event occurred on Memorial Day by which a boy of eleven, Howard Rush, lost his life by drowning. The school department has been under the efficient care of Prof. H. E. Gress, who with a faithful corps of assistants have done very excellent work. The large number of small children in the school has permitted the introduction of some kindergarten work under direction of the primary teachers, Mrs. Wambaugh and Miss Redding. A display of work done by the primary children was very interesting and creditable. This consisted of weaving, basket-making, modeling and other kindergarten work. The school department has made a very creditable showing. The children have been interested in their studies and most of them have made marked advancement in their classes. We lose two of our teachers by resignation at the close of the present term of school. Miss Margaret McCurdy, a graduate of our institution, leaves us after several years of successful work to engage in the more congenial pursuits of domestic life. We wish for the same amount of success that has attended her work as a teacher in this school. Mrs. Wambaugh also severs connection with the school. Mrs. Wambaugh has been a thorough and efficient teacher, 82 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. peculiarly adapted to her work in the primary department, and we shall part with her with much regret. Six matrons have been employed, three in charge of the boys and three in charge of the girls. This position is one involving great care, labor and responsibility. Competent and experienced persons have filled these positions during the year. We regret that at the close of this present term we will be deprived of the services of three of these valued assistants. Mrs. W. McClune and her daughter, familiarly known to the children as "Miss Lou," have resigned on account of Mrs. McClune's failing health. We desire to record here our appreciation of their faithful services. Miss L. L. Welty, better known to all persons connected with the school as "Miss Dot," also ends her connection with the school, her resignation taking effect August 31. This institution sustains a great loss in her departure. This has been her home. She came as a girl into the family of Rev. A. H. Waters, not many years after the establishment of the school, and has been identified with the institution almost continuously since that time. She has passed through all he changes and vicissitudes of the school. Her services have been invaluable. She has been an indefatigable worker, painstaking, thorough and conscientious in her labor. No pecuniary recompense could purchase the zealous, unremitting self- denying labor of these years of service. No one person will be as greatly missed. "It will not seem like the same place without 'Miss Dot,'" is the general expression. She resigns her position to become the wife of Rev. G. H. Gerberding, D. D., of Chicago Theological Seminary. The best wishes of the entire institution follow her to her new sphere of duty. Some improvements have been made during the year. The basement under the boys' cottage was fitted up and furnished as wash rooms and toilet for the larger boys. Steam heat was also introduced into the hospital building, which was the only building not thus heated. Our pumphouse was destroyed by fire in February. Temporary repairs were made to machinery and a temporary pumphouse was erected. But on account of damage done by the fire, and also because our consumption of water has outgrown the capacity of our plant, it becomes necessary to put in an entirely new plant. The pumphouse is now under way, and it is hoped that before the opening of school in the fall, the new machinery will be installed. We have an abundant supply of the best water from pure mountain springs and with the contemplated improvements will be well equipped in regard to our water supply. The annual examinations were held June 13th and 14th. Several members of the Commission were present and, though the number of visitors was not so large as usual, those present expressed them selves as well pleased with the condition of the school and the character of the various exercises of the pupils. We have now completed thirty-eight years of our history as a Soldiers' Orphan School. We cannot fail to recognize the favor and blessing of God in the labors of these many years and the fruits that have borne in many lives; and we invoke the same Divine guidance in the coming year. J. A. WATERS, Superintendent. "THE KNOB," JUMONVILLE. [photograph] NEW WATER TANK AND PUMP HOUSE, SCOTLAND SCHOOL. [photograph] No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 83 SOLDIERS' ORPHANS' INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL. Scotland, Pa., June 30, 1904. To the Commission of Soldiers' Orphans' Schools, Harrisburg, Pa.: Gentlemen: I have the honor to submit the ninth annual report of the Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School and accompany the same with the very full and satisfactory reports of my principal subordinates, Mr. Stewart's report, as it will be seen, covering all the various divisions of the industrial departments, and Colonel Bambrick's report covering all those department which have been directly under his control during the school year. This change in the method or form of making these reports has, at least, the merit of economy by shortening the space that will be required in publishing the same in book form. This school was opened June 1, 1895. Since the opening thereof 1,409 boys and girls have been admitted thereto by transfers from the other schools. Of this number 1,109 have been discharged on orders from the office of the Commission or by reason of having reached the age limit. With very few exceptions all were honorably discharged. Many attained a high order of merit in their school work and were thus enabled to obtain lucrative employment soon after leaving us. Quite a number of our boys, having imbibed the military spirit while here, are now in the military or naval service of the United States Government, and we often get the most satisfactory reports from them. Many others of the boys are holding responsible positions in railway offices and industrial establishments. Several that we now recall were enabled to obtain positions paying from $30 to $60 a month immediately after leaving us and are still holding such positions or others still more responsible and lucrative. This has been notably the case with the graduates from our stenography, telegraphy and typewriting department. Equally good reports come from our girl graduates, although as a rule it has taken them longer to reach responsible positions than has been the case with the boys. This state of facts leads to the observation that sixteen years of age seems to be entirely too early a period in life for the average boy or girl, especially girls, to be expected to take up the great battle of life in competition with older and more experienced persons of their own sex. I recall instances in which some of our very brightest pupils have been refused employment solely because of their immature years. It is to be hoped, therefore, that the next Legislature may, in its magnanimity and wisdom, be disposed to make such change in the laws governing this system of education as to permit the retention until the age of eighteen of all pupils, who may voluntarily elect to remain in the school until such age has been arrived at. I feel sure that should such a change in the law be made, it would be but a very few years until this school would become the model educational institution of the State. As matters now exist we see our boys and girls obliged to leave us just when they are beginning to be capable of the highest mental and physical development. 84 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. The school year which has just closed has perhaps been more fruitful of results than any which has preceded it in the history of the school. Some of the instructors and employes have been connected with the school from the beginning of its existence, while a majority of them have had over five years' experience in the school. All these have proven themselves most earnest and capable in the discharge of their duties and to them must be accorded a large share of the credit of bringing the school to the high degree of perfection it has attained, thus vindicating the wisdom of the Commission in determining to retain such tried and capable persons in its employment from year to year, or so long as they choose to remain. That the children in this school, as a rule, are well satisfied with their treatment, surroundings and the manifest advantages they are obtaining, is highly evidenced by the fact that at least two-thirds of those who became sixteen years of age between the first day of January, 1904, and the close of the school year, ending this date, of their own free will and accord, availed themselves of the provision of law, recently made, allowing them to remain in the school until the close of the school year. We have had very little trouble in maintaining proper discipline among the pupils. I feel that it is but proper to say in this connection that when we have had any trouble in this direction it has too often been occasioned by "outside interference." There are, it seems, a few parents or guardians who, after freeing themselves from all the care and support of their children, when they most need such care and support, by confiding them to the care of the State until they are sixteen years old, still feel it incumbent upon themselves to attempt to regulate the manner in which their children shall be clothed, educated and disciplined, and are constantly inciting their children by ill-advised letters and conversation to acts which militate against a proper spirit of discipline. Fortunately, the number of such persons is small indeed, and it is a great pleasure to be able to record the fact that the great majority of parents and guardians have had naught by the most kindly expressions over the manner in which their children or wards have been treated while in the schools. During the past year the pupils of our school have had several opportunities of displaying their skill and acquirements before large public assemblages. On Memorial Day, by invitation of Housom Post, G. A. R., they took part in the exercises at Chambersburg, Pa., the Cumberland Valley Railroad Company affording free transportation by special train. Several of the boys and girls gave appropriate recitations, which were received with much favor by the large audience assembled. On this occasion one of the members of your Commission was the principal orator. His address was thus spoken of by one of the local papers: "Col. Richard H. Holgate, of LaPlume, Pa., a member of the Soldiers' Orphan Schools Commission, was the orator of the day. It was the first time he had been heard in Chambersburg and his address was one well worth hearing. It was full of reminiscence, of tribute to the noble dead, of veneration for the survivors and was eloquent and touching in turns. He gave a graphic recital of the events that led up to the first shot fired against the walls of Fort Sumter and reviewed the battle scenes, the prison pens and tiresome marches the boys of '61 had to face and endure to preserve our nation No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 85 and make it so strong it can now resist the combined assault of the world. This, he said, is the debt the nation owes the boys in blue." The next public appearance of the school was at the Department Encampment at Gettysburg during the second week of the present month. It was a most pleasant "outing" for the boys and girls, and they will long remember the trip as one of the most enjoyable and instructive of their lives. The Gettysburg Star and Sentinel thus speaks of the visit of our school: "Thursday was the banner day of the week, made so by the presence of the Soldiers' Orphans' School of Scotland and National Commander of the G. A. R. John C. Black, of Illinois. The scholars and teachers of the Scotland school, in charge of Captain George W. Skinner, arrived here in a special train at 8.55 P M. over the Western Maryland road. There were about 180 boys, 125 girls and 25 teachers and employes. The train was met by Adjutant General Thomas J. Stewart, Col. Thomas G. Sample and other distinguished G. A. R. men, who escorted them to Xavier Hall, where the encampment was in session. After a brief address of welcome delivered to the school by the department commander, the boys, all of whom carried rifles, and preceded by the school band, marched to the 10.20 train to await the arrival of National Commander Black, and the girls were taken to the Eagle Hotel. Mr. Black was met by prominent officials of the G. A. R. of Pennsylvania. On Mr. Black's arrival be was escorted by the orphan cadets to the college campus, where the boys and girls went through an Indian club drill and calisthenic exercises to the music of the band, after which the boys gave a rifle drill, all of which elicited many loud applauses from the great crowd of people present. Col. W. C. Bambrick had charge of the drills, assisted by Major R. J. Cook. The girls were in charge of Miss Jennie Martin, matron, assisted by Miss H. M. Buchanan." The annual commencement exercises of the school soon followed the events above referred to, thus making a busy month for employes and pupils alike. All the members of the Commission except Governor Pennypacker, Senator Cooper and Colonel Morrison were present during the entire exercises. Several of them were accompanied by members of their families, and all seemed to derive much pleasure from the exercises. A large number of other visitors were present on the first day of exercises, and our only regret has been that our audience room was not nearly large enough to enable all to see and hear the exercises. The feeling that this report is already long enough prevents me from attempting to give a more full report of these, the most interesting of all the exercises of the year. Suffice it to say that much was heard in commendation of every exercise and not one word by way of criticism or want of appreciation of the efforts of the children to please. Thanking all my subordinates for their loyal support in everything pertaining to the good of the school, and the Commission and its executive force for their many courtesies and their entire willingness to aid us in every phase of our work. Very respectfully yours, GEO. W. SKINNER, Superintendent. 86 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. EDUCATIONAL AND MILITARY DEPARTMENTS. Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School, Scotland, Pa., July 21, 1904. Capt. George W. Skinner, Superintendent, Scotland, Pa.: Dear Sir: I herewith submit the ninth annual report of the educational, military, stenography and telegraphy departments of the Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School. Educational. Early in the month of September an additional class-room was furnished and a teacher transferred from Chester Springs. This relieved the crowded condition of the original class-rooms and made it possible to do much better work in all grades. The monthly reviews and quarterly examinations were held and the classes kept closely graded during the year. The same schedule of work has prevailed as in past years, and the personal supervision of the evening study period by the teachers in their respective grades continued. Regular literary programs given by the pupils have proved a potent source of instruction and pleasure to all. The national holidays were fittingly celebrated with special exercises suited to the occasions. The instructors have taken unusual pains to inculcate a spirit of patriotism and honesty in the pupils. Special history lessons have been conducted frequently with that end in view. We are indebted to members of the Commission and other distinguished visitors for a number of most excellent short addresses carrying with them lessons of exceptional significance to the children of the soldiers' orphan schools. Daily chapel services, Sabbath school each Sunday morning, in connection with occasional sermons by the ministers of the vicinity have made up the religious exercises of the year. In addition to this a number of the girls have maintained a local Christian Endeavor Society with good results. Mrs. Steese, of Philadelphia, offered two handsome gold medals to the boy and girl who would attain the highest general average in school work. By hard and persistent effort Cora Wyncoop and William Garris won these medals, and they were presented to them on commencement day by Col. Thomas G. Sample, treasurer of the Commission. The graduating class of 1904 consisted of twelve boys and twelve girls and their class day program was one of the prettiest exercises of the school year. The diplomas were presented by Senator Andrew G. Williams, member of the Commission. No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 87 Stenography and Telegraphy Department. The stenography and telegraphy department has been crowded to its fullest capacity during the entire year. It has been found necessary to raise the standard of admission to this department to sixth grade, as lower grade pupils are at a constant disadvantage in work of that character. The pupils leaving this department with a No. 1 mark on their diplomas have invariably stood the test of actual work in their chosen branches, thus giving a practical demonstration of the fact that their training is thorough. Military and Physical Culture. The physical culture and military classes have been continued as special features of the regular curriculum during the entire year. The exhibition drills, combined with the good general health, carriage and discipline of the children, attest the great value of these departments. As in former years athletic sports have been encouraged and our boys have competed successfully in a majority of their contests. The base ball team of 1904 has without question been the most efficient that has ever represented the Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School. Respectfully submitted, W. C. BAMBRICK, Principal and Military Instructor. 88 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. INDUSTRIAL DEPARTMENT. Scotland, Pa., June 30, 1904. Capt. George W. Skinner, Superintendent Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School, Scotland, Pa.: Sir: I have the honor to herewith submit the ninth annual report of the industrial departments of the Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School. During the past year there have been no changes in the equipment or methods of instruction in the departments, and with one exception no changes in the list of employes. Miss Effie Shoemaker, tailoress, resigned, and Miss Lida Englerth was appointed to the position. Her work has been very satisfactory in every respect. By direction of the Commission specimens of the work done by the pupils of the machine and wood departments have been arranged in a suitable show case of golden oak, glass on front and two sides, divided in two compartments 25 inches deep, 33 inches wide and 76 inches high, and placed on exhibition in the Palace of Education at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis, Mo. The following is a list of the material on exhibition: Specimens from Machine Department. 1 3" x 4" Vertical Steam Engine. 1 2" x 2 1/2" Self-contained Horizontal Automatic Steam Engine. 1 Small Breach-loading Cannon, 45-caliber. 2 Small Screw-jacks. 2 Cluster of Cannon Balls. 1 Sample of Chasing, double right and left threads. 1 Sample of Knurling. 2 Small Steel Wrenches. 1 Small Steel Hammer. 1 Cut Gear Wheel. 1 Paper Weight. Specimens from Wood Department. 2 Veneered Tabourets. 1 Pair Inlaid Indian Clubs. 2 Baseball Bats. 4 Joints - walnut and oak. 1 Wall Cabinet. 1 Pair Dumb Bells. 1 Potato Masher. 6 Turned Balusters. 1 Small Walnut Stand. Samples of wood turning. Several patterns for castings. Exhibit from the Industrial Departments of the Soldiers Orphans Industrial School, Scotland, Pa., at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, 1904. [photograph] Small Automatic Engine a part of the exhibit from the Soldiers Orphans Industrial School, Scotland, Pa., at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, 1904. [photograph] No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 89 All the machinery in the several departments, including the laundry, engines, boilers, dynamos, heating and water systems, are in first class condition. Machine Department. A. B. Beard, Instructor. There are fifty boy pupils assigned to this department, one-half in each period. All are instructed to properly operate each machine in the department and to do vise work and fitting. The product of this department has been about the same as previous years, with the exception of the small automatic engine. This engine is considered the finest piece of work ever turned out of this department. As a part of the exhibit from this school at the St. Louis Exposition, it attracted considerable attention, and was considered by mechanics and engineers who examined it to be one of the finest, if not the finest, miniature engines at the exposition. In addition to the several small cannon that are usually made in this department each year, two cannon of a larger size were made in the past year; one, at the suggestion of Col. Thos. G. Sample, was presented to the Soldiers' and Sailors' Home, at Erie, Pa.; the other, at the suggestion of Hon. Thad. M. Mahon, was presented to the War and Navy Department, at Washington, D. C. All repairs to the machinery in the industries and at the school are done in this department, where it is possible to do it with the equipment of tools and machinery in the department. Wood Department. Thos. G. Bering, Instructor. There are fifty boy pupils assigned to this department, one-half in each period. In addition to the various articles made in this department and placed on exhibition at the annual commencement, many repairs are made to the buildings and furniture contained therein; also material for the other schools in the system, not forgetting this term the various articles placed on exhibition at St. Louis. The following is only a partial list of the necessary articles made in this department, but it will give a fair idea of the work accomplished during the year: Closets for clothing in the administration building, dressmaking and tailoring departments. Doughtray for bakery. Pie and cake closet for bakery. 2 Dozen oven-peals for bakery. 2 24-ft. extension ladders. 6 Step ladders, 3 to 6 feet high. 1 Large, 3-compartment hand washtub for laundry. 90 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 3 Trucks for laundry. 40 Stools, 16 inches high. 65 Baseball bats. Glazed 75 lights of glass ranging in size from 10" x 10" to 40" x 60" for Chester Springs School. 1 24-foot extension ladder. 15 Poles, 8 feet long. 100 Indiana [sic] clubs. 30 Pairs dumb bells. Tailoring Department. L. C. Martin, Cutter and Instructor. Lida Englerth, Assistant. There are forty pupils assigned to this department, thirty girls and ten boys, equally divided in each period. Uniforms for the assistant military instructor and all the clothing for boys, including a citizen suit for each boy leaving at the expiration of his term in the school, is made in this department. All clothing is strictly tailor-made. Each boy is carefully measured and clothing made to fit. The following is a list of the clothing made in the past year: Three braided uniforms for the assistant military instructor. For Boys. Estimated Cost. 150 Fall uniforms, $750 00 175 Spring uniforms, 875 00 40 Extra trousers, 90 00 55 Citizen suits, 247 50 $1,962 50 The pupils are given instructions in all branches of tailoring, first on trousers, then on coats and vests. Dressmaking Department. Nora L. Van Baman, Instructor. Helen McLaughlin, Assistant. There are sixty girls assigned to this department, one-half in each period; but of that number about one-half is detailed from the department each week for other duties, leaving a class of from sixteen to eighteen pupils to do the work of the department. The following is a list of the number of garments made in the school year just closed: No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 91 Estimated Garments. Number. Yards. Cost. Woolen dresses, 101 606 $349 42 Seersucker dresses, 106 1,000 100 00 Gingham dresses, 120 1,200 108 00 White lawn dresses, 118 1,200 144 00 Flannel skirts, 67 250 87 50 Cotton skirts, 249 996 99 60 Aprons, 460 520 31 20 Night dresses, 202 1,010 90 90 Drawers, 183 462 41 58 Total, 1,606 7,244 $1,052 20 Napkins hemmed, 300. Bakers' aprons made, 36. Printing Department. John H. Pomeroy, Editor and Printer. There are thirty pupils assigned to this department, twenty-five boys and five girls, equally divided in each period. They are instructed in type-setting and all its branches, press-work and the art of printing in every particular. The work done in this department includes the printing of all letter heads and envelopes, and necessary blanks used at this school. All programs for the annual commencement exercises at this school, Chester Springs, and Jumonville, and the work in connection with the publishing of the "School News," semi-monthly, is done here. The "News" continues to grow in public favor, and its subscription list to increase steadily. It includes among its patrons the most prominent Grand Army men of the Department of Pennsylvania of that patriotic organization. In this connection it will not be out of place to quote the following from an editorial published in the "School News" of June 23, 1904: "At the examinations at this school two weeks ago three printers, Rea G. Walters, of Chambersburg; John W. Young, of Montrose, and Willis J. Ploof, of Scranton, made the highest averages. At the class day exercises on Tuesday the printer boys held the center of the stage. Rea G. Walters delivered the valedictory address and John W. Young the salutatory. Willis J. Ploof was a close third in the examinations, and had there been any other honor to bestow he would have received it. Two years ago these three boys did not lead the class of twenty-six that graduated on Tuesday, but the fact that they led it at the end of their school term and that they had served three years faithfully and well in the printing department merely proves what we have said many times before in the 'News,' viz: "Put a boy with a fair share of brains into a printing office and it will be a better school for him, nine times out of ten, than any other. Some of the greatest and most popular writers and statesmen that the world ever produced obtained the best portion of their education while boys in printing offices. Of course they did not stick to the case in after life, but that does not alter the assertion. It was 92 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. in the printing office the spirit of energy and ambition, was put in them to cause them to become distinguished and useful among their fellow men. It is worse than useless to put boys without brains or ambition into a printing office, for such youths never amount to anything practical or useful to themselves or others anywhere, and all work in the way of instruction expended upon them is completely wasted, or nearly so. The printing office is no place for the dolt who simply desires to go there because the work is light, seems easy to the onlooker, and the surroundings pleasant. We are glad to say that during our nine years' work at this school we have had but a very small percentage of such boys. Most of the boys we have had in this office have been bright, smart, quick- witted youths, who are ambitious to be somebody in the world, and can see and understand rules, theory or practice concerning the use of language without having to be told the same thing many times a day; and of the scores of boys who have gone out from this office, of none of them can this be more truthfully said than of the three young gentlemen who this week took the honors at our school. Laundry. Chas. E. Mentzer, foreman. Bertha Goller, assistant. There are twelve boys and twelve girls detailed in this department, divided equally in each period. There are no assignments of pupils to the laundry, but the number is detailed in regular order froth the industrial departments. Work done in the laundry will average 5,500 pieces per week. This includes girls' and boys' clothing, bedding, table linens, towels, etc. About eighty pieces employes' clothing weekly. Shoe Shop. Fred W. Smith, Shoemaker. Repair work done in the shoe department during the year: Shoes half soled, 1,661 pairs. Shoes heeled, 1,081 " Shoes patched, 441 " Seams sewed, 531 " In conclusion I wish to commend the work of the instructors in the various departments. In the whole, their duties have been faithfully performed, and there has been a general desire to make the results of the years' work satisfactory to the Commission. Respectfully submitted, WM. H. STEWART, Superintendent of Industries. No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 93 MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Chambersburg, July 1, 1904. Capt. George W. Skinner, Superintendent Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School, Scotland, Pa. Dear Sir: I herewith submit to you the report of the hospital and medical service rendered to the children of the Industrial School during the year. Miss Lottie Bietsch, of Chambersburg, Pa., a graduate trained nurse, was in charge of the hospital. At a school the size of this, with an average of three hundred (300) children, many visits from the physician are necessary. During the year I made one hundred and forty-nine (149) visits to the hospital; many interesting cases were seen; many trivial afflictions passed upon; a few very sick children cared for; and a proportionate number of difficult fractures, dislocations and sprains treated. Early in the year, soon after the return of the children from their homes, a few cases of scabies were discovered; another disease, contagious ophithalmia, developed and thirty-three (33) children suffered as a result; all were isolated and cured. Three children suffered with chorea, two boys and one girl; the latter case followed a very severe attack of rheumatism; all three recovered nicely. After Christmas one case of rotheln appeared, which was isolated at once and a spread of the disease arrested. Just before the close of the school year it was feared that measles might become epidemic and interfere with the commencement exercise; fortunately only six children contracted the disease. Every year many children suffer from tonsilitis and the past year has been no exception to this rule. Willis Ploof suffered from chronic appendicitis at different times during the year; at vacation he was taken to the Harrisburg Hospital where he underwent a surgical operation; he made a good recovery and returned to his home. Emma Pearson was in the hospital for a longer time than any other child during the year. Soon after the opening of the school she began to suffer from scrofulous keratitis, and as a result was under my care all year; about one- third of the time confined in the hospital; her recovery is now apparently complete; she has gained in weight over twenty pounds during the year; all traces of the disease have disappeared from her eyes; consequently I feel fully repaid for the anxiety which the case caused me. The usual number of children suffered from fractures, dislocations and sprains; all made satisfactory recoveries. My work during the year has been as pleasant as the results have been gratifying, and I can't refrain from calling attention again to the fact that another year has passed and we have no deaths to record at the school. Thanking you for many courtesies extended, and other employes for hearty co- operation during the year. I am, very truly yours, W. F. SKINNER, M. D. 94 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. BAND. Scotland, Pa., June 30, 1904. Capt. George W. Skinner, Superintendent, Scotland, Pa.: My Dear Sir: The following is a report of the band for the year that has just closed. We organized the band in the first week of September, 1903, with thirty- two members, fourteen of this number being new boys. My aim was to make this band, if possible, the best we ever had, one that would be a credit to the school and an honor to the State. From the many compliments passed on the band at home and away from home, I am led to believe that we succeeded in doing this. We received two new clarionets and two new bugles early in the year to replace the old ones. We gave a number of concerts at the school during the winter, furnished all the music for parades and calisthenic drills, furnished music for a G. A. R. Reunion at Chambersburg in October, furnished music at the installation of officers of Chambersburg Post, and for a play at Wilson College, given by the young ladies of the institution; also furnished the music for memorial services at Chambersburg May 30. In June we accompanied the Knight Templars of Chambersburg, Pa., to York on a two-days' trip. While there we took part in the massed band parade, numbering 650 musicians. The boys were warmly applauded all along the line of march. We also gave a concert on the square the first evening we were there. It was well received. Our last trip, and perhaps the best, was to Gettysburg, which was of much interest to the boys and greatly appreciated by them. These trips away have not only been a pleasure to the boys, but a great benefit to them. Thanking you and all concerned for many courtesies, I remain, Respectfully yours, C. E. MENTZER, Instructor. No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 95 LAWS REGULATING THE SCHOOLS. ACT OF 1867. To provide for the continuance of the education and maintenance of the destitute orphans of the deceased soldiers and sailors, and the destitute children of permanently disabled soldiers and sailors of the State. Whereas, Several considerable appropriations have been expended; for the proper education and maintenance of the destitute children of the men of Pennsylvania, who died in defense of the Union during the late rebellion; And whereas, it is incumbent upon the State to continue this provision for those children who are now hers; And whereas, The experience thus far acquired, in the performance of this duty, now enables the Legislature to regulate, by statute, the large discretionary powers heretofore exercised in the premises; therefore, Section 1. Be it enacted, &c., That the Governor of this Commonwealth is hereby authorized and required to appoint, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, a State Superintendent of Soldiers' Orphans, for three years, from and after the date of said appointment, to be subject to removal, for cause, as other officers appointed in like manner, are now, whose office shall be at Harrisburg, whose salary shall be the same as that of the State Superintendent of Common Schools, and necessary traveling expenses, and who shall give bonds, with three sureties, to be approved by the Auditor General, and filed in the office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth, in the sum of twenty thousand dollars, for the faithful performance of his duties; the Superintendent shall have power to appoint one clerk, and the Governor one male inspector and examiner, and one female assistant, each at a salary not exceeding one hundred dollars per month, and necessary traveling expenses, to inspect and examine the Soldiers' Orphan Schools hereinafter provided for: Provided, That said Superintendent shall not, during the period of his superintendency, have any pecuniary interest in any of the said orphans' schools. Section 2. That the State Superintendent of Soldiers' Orphans is hereby authorized and empowered to contract with the trustees, proprietors, or principals of institutions now employed as soldiers' orphans' homes and schools, possessing such good and sufficient accommodation as said Superintendent may approve, and of such other like institutions as may be necessary for the proper care, and maintenance and education, at the expense of the State, and until the age of sixteen years, of the destitute orphan children of all such deceased 96 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. soldiers and sailors, citizens of Pennsylvania, and soldiers who have served in Pennsylvania regiments, as have died in the service of the United States, in the late war to suppress the rebellion: Provided, That the Superintendent may require that institutions receiving soldiers' orphans over ten years of age shall have not less than twenty acres of tillable land, and accommodations for not less than one hundred and fifty soldiers' orphans, except the Lincoln Institution, in the city of Philadelphia: And provided further, That said Superintendent of Soldiers' Orphans shall establish at least one such institution for the reception of soldiers' orphans over the age of ten years, within one year after the passage of this act, in each of the twelve Normal school districts, now provided for by law, if, in the opinion of said Superintendent, the Governor concurring, the same shall be required and practicable: And provided further, That in no case shall the State become liable, in any manner, for the cost of erecting, repairing, or furnishing any of the institutions employed as Soldiers' Orphan Schools. Section 3. That the State Superintendent of Soldiers' Orphans is hereby authorized to receive conveyances and transfers of the custody, care and control, for all the purposes of education and maintenance, till their arrival at the age of sixteen years, of said destitute soldiers' orphans, from their respective mothers, guardians, or next friends; and all such conveyances and transfers heretofore made, or that may hereafter be made, to the State Superintendent of Soldiers' Orphans' shall be valid and binding upon said mothers, guardians, and next friends, and also upon said orphans till their arrival at the age of sixteen years; and if said orphans abscond, or be withdrawn without his consent from the custody of the Superintendent, or from the institution in which he shall place them, they, and all persons withdrawing or harboring them, shall thereupon become liable to the provisions of the act of Assembly relating to absconding apprentices. Section 4. That the Superintendent of Soldiers' Orphans shall, by and with the advice and approval of the Governor, prescribe rules and regulations for the government of institutions becoming Soldiers' Orphan Schools, designate the minimum number and grade of employes necessary, specify the character and quality of food and clothing that shall be furnished, and which shall be similar for all institutions of the same grade in the State, and decide upon a course of study to be pursued, which course shall embrace, at least, the usual branches of a good common school education, together with instruction in vocal music, military tactics, and calisthenics, and the greatest variety possible of household and domestic pursuits, and mechanical and agricultural employments, consistent with the respective sexes and ages of said orphan children and their schoolroom studies; he shall visit each Soldiers' Orphan School at least once in each quarter, either in person or by deputy, remaining at least twenty-four hours in each. Section 5. Application for the admission of soldiers' orphans, entitled to the benefits of this act into the institutions established for their education and maintenance, shall be made by conveyance and transfers to the Superintendent of Soldiers' Orphans, in accordance with provisions of section third of this act, executed, under oath, by the mother, if living, and by the guardian or next friend, if the No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 97 mother be dead, or has abandoned such orphans; but all applications must be approved by the board of school directors, controllers, or superintending committee of the district, ward, or city in which the mother resides, if she makes the application, or in which the orphans reside, in other cases, and the Superintendent may require such other certificate, from a superintending committee, which committee shall be appointed and hold office at the discretion of the Superintendent, and by and with the consent of the Governor, or from such other source as he may deem necessary. Section 6. That the said Superintendent be and is hereby authorized and directed to procure a school or schools, or home or homes for the children of the colored soldiers and sailors who fell in the recent rebellion, subject to the same regulations and restrictions provided in relation to the education and maintenance of the orphans of our white soldiers and sailors: Provided, That when he may deem it expedient to do so, the said Superintendent may waive the restriction in regard to number and acres and extent of accommodation in the case of schools or homes for colored orphans. Section 7. That all contracts made by said Superintendent shall be characterized alike by a wise economy and a just regard for services rendered, and that no contract shall be made for a longer period than one year, unless with the sanction of the Governor, and in cases in which it is clearly the interest of the State to contract for a longer period, such period in no case, however; to exceed five years: Provided, That all the contracts made under this act may be annulled at any time for failure to fulfill the conditions of such contracts on the part of any contractor, of which failure the Governor and Superintendent shall be the judges; and that every such contract shall be made upon the condition of the continuance of said Soldiers' Orphan Schools by the Legislature of the State. Section 8. That the said Superintendent may, with the consent of the Governor, afford partial relief, in kind, not exceeding thirty dollars per annum for each orphan, in case where, in his judgment, it is proper to suffer the orphans to remain with their surviving parents, or relatives, or guardians, and to receive instruction in the public schools of the Commonwealth. Section 9. That all bids for the maintenance and education of the soldiers' orphans shall be paid quarterly, by warrant drawn directly upon the State Treasurer, signed by the Superintendent of Soldiers' Orphans, who shall file a receipted bill for the same in the Auditor General's office before issuing the next quarterly warrant, which the State Treasurer is hereby forbidden to pay until such receipted bill is thus filed: Provided, That all amounts appropriated for the purchase of clothing, and the payment of partial relief, salaries and incidental expenses, may be drawn by the State Superintendent of Soldiers' Orphans, upon the warrants of the Governor, and the bills for the same settled semi-annually, at the Auditor General's office, in the usual manner. Section 10. That the Superintendent of Soldiers' Orphans shall require monthly, quarterly and annual reports, according to such form as he shall prescribe, from each institution receiving soldiers' orphans' at the expense of the State; and that said Superintendent shall, not later than the first day of December, one thousand eight 98 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. hundred and sixty-seven, and annually thereafter, make a detailed report to the Governor of this Commonwealth, of all the soldiers' orphans under his charge, their condition and progress, the numbers of each respective age, from four to sixteen years, and such other information as he may deem expedient, together with the statement of receipts and disbursements by item, and estimates for ensuing years. Section 11. That when any of said orphans shall have arrived at the age of sixteen, or sooner, if deemed expedient, said Superintendent shall, at the written request of said orphan, and of his or her mother, guardian or next friend, put or bind him or her out to such trade and employment, and to such master or mistress, or employer, as shall thus be requested, and for such terms as shall expire, if a male, at or before the age of twenty-one, and if a female, at or before the age of eighteen years; in which indenture of apprenticeship, there shall be included such covenants for the future education of the orphan as said Superintendent may prescribe; and such apprenticeship shall be in all other respects, not herein provided for, subject to the provisions of the act of Assembly relating to masters and apprentices, and the supplements thereto. Section 12. That upon arrival at the age of sixteen years each of said orphans who shall not desire to be apprenticed to a trade or employment, shall be restored to the mother, guardian, or next friend, with a full outfit of clothes, and a certificate signed by the Superintendent and the principal of the proper school, showing his or her moral standing, and literary and industrial attainments and qualification. Section 13. That the year, for all operations under this act, shall begin on the first Monday of June in each year, and end on the day preceding the first Monday of June of the next year succeeding; and all appropriations, hereafter made, shall be for the year, as herein determined, and made in like manner, and at the same time, as appropriations are now made for the general expenses of the government. Section 14. That all acts and parts of acts, heretofore passed, and inconsistent with this act, be and they are hereby repealed. ACT OF 1889. To provide for the continuance of the education and maintenance of the destitute orphans of deceased soldiers, sailors and marines and the destitute children of permanently disabled soldiers, sailors and marines of the State. Whereas, On the first day of June, one thousand eight hundred and ninety, as appears from the report of the Superintendent of Public Instruction, there will be left under the care of the State and undergoing education in the soldiers' orphans' schools, about fifteen hundred and forty-nine children whose ages will range at the date from five to sixteen years; And whereas, The greater number of these children have no homes and no persons to maintain and educate them, and the people of the Commonwealth are desirous that they shall be maintained at the public expense; therefore, No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 99 Section 1. Be it enacted, &c., That the Governor and five members of the General Assembly, consisting of two Senators and three members of the House of Representatives, who shall be appointed by the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House, respectively, together with a committee of five honorably discharged soldiers, members of the Grand Army of the Republic, be and the same are hereby constituted a Commission, who shall have power and authority vested in them under this act, from June first, one thousand eight hundred and eighty-nine, to take charge of all children then in the Soldiers' Orphan Schools, or other institutions employed as Soldiers' Orphan Homes and Schools. Section 2. That the Governor, the Senators and Members of the House of Representatives appointed on such Commission, shall be members thereof until the third Wednesday in January, one thousand eight hundred and ninety-one, when their successors shall be named by the presiding officer as aforesaid of the respective branches of the Legislature, and they shall continue as members of the Commission for the term of two years thereafter, and their successors shall be appointed in the same manner and continued their membership for the same term. The committee of honorably discharged soldiers shall be appointed by the Department Commander of the Department of Pennsylvania, Grand Army of the Republic, and shall continue in office during the pleasure of said Department Commander. In case of a vacancy in the Soldiers' Orphan Schools Commission by death or any cause, the appointing power provided for shall have power to fill vacancies for the unexpired term. Section 3. That no compensation shall be allowed any member of the said Commission, save their actual expenses, and no member of the Commission shall be interested or concerned, financially, in any institution or school having charge or maintenance of said children. A suitable office at Harrisburg for the use of the Commission, shall be provided by the Commonwealth. Section 4. That the said Commission shall elect from their own number, a president and secretary, and shall have power to appoint one male inspector and one female inspector, at a maximum salary for both, which shall not exceed twenty-eight hundred dollars and traveling expenses not to exceed four hundred dollars each per annum, one chief clerk and one assistant clerk, at a maximum salary for both not exceeding thirty-two hundred dollars, said salaries and number of clerks to be reduced from time to time as may be found expedient. Section 5. That the said Soldiers' Orphan Commission is hereby authorized and empowered to rent such buildings as may be necessary for the accommodation of the aforesaid orphans, and to appoint all officers, teachers and employes that may be found necessary for the proper care, maintenance and education at the expense of the State, and until the age of sixteen years, of the soldiers' children now in the several Soldiers' Orphan Schools in the Commonwealth, under the provision of the act approved the ninth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, and its supplements: Provided, That the authority hereby given to rent property shall not empower the Commission to pay an annual rental that shall exceed six per centum of cash value thereof, to be determined by three appraisers, one ap- 100 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. pointed on the part of the Commission, and one by the owner or owners of the property, and the two selected shall choose the third: Provided further, That the said Soldiers' Orphan Commission shall not contract in any case with any individual, or firm, or partnership, or syndicate, for the care and maintenance of said soldiers' children, except for temporary care during the reorganization provided for in this act, and for a period not exceeding six months from the first day of June, one thousand eight hundred and eighty-nine: And provided still further, That nothing in this act shall be construed to prevent the said Soldiers' Orphan Commission, at their discretion, from placing such children as boarding pupils in the Pennsylvania State College, the State Normal Schools, or in chartered orphanages or homes for friendless children not conducted for profit, and paying to such college, Normal schools, or charitable institutions, for the maintenance, clothing and education of such soldiers' children a sum not exceeding annually one hundred and forty dollars per capita. Section 6. That the Soldiers' Orphan Commission shall have power to make and prescribe rules and regulations for the government of institutions receiving Soldiers' Orphans, specify the character and quality of food and clothing that shall be furnished, and which shall be similar for all institutions of the same kind in the State, and decide upon the course of study to be pursued, which course shall embrace at least the usual branches of a good common school education, together with instructions in vocal music, military tactics, where practicable, and calisthenics, and the greatest variety possible of household pursuits and mechanical and agricultural employments consistent with the respective sexes and ages of the said orphan children and their school room studies, and such rules as they deem necessary to carry out the provisions of this act. Section 7. That all the contracts for supplies, made under this act, may be annulled at any time for failure to fulfill the conditions of such contracts on the part of any contractor, of which failure the Commission shall be judges. Section 8. That all bills incurred shall be certified by the president and secretary of the Commission of Soldiers' Orphan Schools and paid quarterly by warrant drawn directly upon the State Treasurer by the Auditor General. Section 9. That the said Soldiers' Orphan Commission shall, not later than the thirty-first day of December, one thousand eight hundred and eighty-nine, and annually thereafter, make a detailed report to the Legislature of the Commonwealth of all the Soldiers' Orphans under their charge, their condition and progress, the number of each respective age from five to sixteen years, and such other information as they may deem expedient together with the statement of receipts and disbursements, by items, and estimates for the ensuing year. Section 10. That upon arrival at the age of sixteen years, each of said orphans shall be restored to his or her father, mother, guardian or next friend, with a full outfit of clothes and a certificate, signed by the principal of the proper school in which such orphan has been maintained and educated, showing his or her moral standing and literary or industrial attainments and qualifications. Section 11. That the year for all provisions under this act shall begin on the first day of June in each year, and end on the thirty-first day of May of the year next succeeding. No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 101 Section 12. The Legislature shall make necessary appropriation for contingent and traveling expenses of the Commission, and for the education and maintenance, including clothing, of each orphan or destitute child of permanently disabled soldiers, sailors or marines under the care of the said Commission, the sum of one hundred and forty dollars, or so much thereof as may be necessary. Section 13. That all money remaining to the credit of Department of Soldiers' Orphan Schools upon the first day of June, one thousand eight hundred and eighty-nine, shall be placed to the credit of the Commission created by this act. Section 14. That all acts and parts of acts and supplements thereto, heretofore passed, which are inconsistent with this act, be and the same are hereby repealed. ACT OF 1893. Providing for the erection of the Pennsylvania Soldiers' Orphan' Industrial School, the purchase of land and the erection and equipment of the building and buildings necessary therefor, making appropriations for such purposes, erection and equipment and the maintenance of children admitted therein, placing the care of the same in the Commission now known as the Commission of Soldiers' Orphan Schools of the State of Pennsylvania, and regulating the admissions to the said Pennsylvania Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School and the said Soldiers' Orphan Schools. Section 1. Be it enacted, &c., That there shall be erected at some point within the State, easily accessible, a building or buildings, to be known as the Pennsylvania Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School. Section 2. That the Commission now in charge of the Soldiers' Orphan Schools, are empowered to purchase not more than one hundred acres of ground, the title of which shall be vested in the Commonwealth, and to erect buildings thereon, equipping the same with shops, tools, etc., for industrial training as well as for the educational course, and for the maintenance of the Soldiers' Orphans, first taking security for the faithful performance of all contracts, and for the completion of the building and buildings in a substantial, good, and workmanlike manner. Section 3. The said Commission, as now constituted, shall continue until the third Wednesday in January, one thousand eight hundred and ninety-seven, at which time there shall be appointed by the President pro tempore of the Senate, two members thereof, and by the Speaker of the House, three members thereof, to serve for two years, and the Commander of the Department of Pennsylvania, Grand Army of the Republic, shall then recommend to the Governor five honorably discharged soldiers for the appointment, who, if approved by the Governor, shall be appointed to serve for two years. The Governor shall be a member ex-officio of the said Commission. At the expiration of the said terms of the said appointees their successors shall be appointed in like manner and for like term. Vacancies occurring in the membership of the said Commission shall be filled by the appointing powers as above set forth. 102 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. Section 4. The said commission shall elect, from their own number, a president, secretary, financial secretary and treasurer, and shall employ all necessary clerks, teachers and employes necessary for the proper conduct and care of the schools. Section 5. The said Commission shall have full power to continue the Soldiers' Orphan Schools as now constituted, or, if necessary, change either, any or all of them, to other localities, until such time or times as the Pennsylvania Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School shall be completed or sufficiently advanced to accommodate said orphans, when the Commission shall close all of the said Soldiers' Orphan Schools. Section 6. The said Commission, under such rules and forms of applications as it may adopt, shall be and is hereby authorized to admit to said Soldiers' Orphan Schools, or to the Pennsylvania Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School, soldiers' orphans, of parents residents of this State, for a continuous period of not less than five years prior to their application, who shall be under fourteen years of age, to be educated and maintained therein until they shall severally become sixteen years of age, unless sooner discharged for cause by order of the Commission. Section 7. Preference in admission shall be as follows: First - Full orphans, the children of honorably discharged soldiers, sailors or marines who served in the war for the suppression of the rebellion, and were members of Pennsylvania commands, or, having served in the commands of other states, or of the United States, were residents of Pennsylvania at the time of enlistment. Second - Children of such honorably discharged soldiers, sailors or marines as above, whose father may be deceased and mother living. Third - Children of such honorably discharged soldiers, sailors or marines as above, whose parents may either, or both, be permanently disabled. Section 8. In order that the benefits of industrial training may be given to the children now in its soldiers' orphan schools, and who may arrive at the age to be discharged at or about the time of the opening of the said Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School, the said Commission is hereby empowered to extend the time of the discharge of such children, who may be fifteen and sixteen years of age, for the space of two years additional. Section 9. The per capita rate of the appropriation for the education and maintenance of the children admitted in the Pennsylvania Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School shall not exceed the sum of two hundred dollars per annum. Section 10. No compensation shall be allowed any member of the said Commission, except such reasonable expenses as they may incur in the performance of their duties, and no member of said Commission shall be directly or indirectly interested, financially, in any school under care of said Commission, or in the education and maintenance of said soldiers' orphans, nor in furnishing supplies to or for the same, nor in the purchase of lands, erection of buildings, or equipment of the same. Section 11. The said Commission shall, on or before the third Wednesday in January of each year, present to the Legislature, under oath. a detailed report of the financial transaction of the preceding No. 16. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS. 103 year, setting forth in detail the amount of all moneys or other property received on account of such Pennsylvania Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School, and an itemized statement of the disbursements thereof. Section 12. That the year for all provisions under this act shall begin on the first day of June in each year, and end on the thirty-first day of May of the year then next succeeding. Section 13. To carry out the provisions of this act the following sums of money are hereby specifically appropriated out of any money in the treasury not otherwise appropriated, which sums shall be paid to the treasurer of the Commission of Soldiers' Orphan Schools, who shall first be required to give a bond in the sum to be named by the said Commission, with security for the proper application of such moneys. First - For the establishing, building, furnishing and fitting up of said Pennsylvania Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School, as herein-before provided, the sum of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, or so much there* as may be necessary. Second - For the education and maintenance of the children admitted to said Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School, for the year ending May thirty-first, one thousand eight hundred and ninety-four, the sum of ten thousand dollars, or so much thereof as may be necessary. Third - For the education and maintenance of the children admitted to said Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School, for the year ending May thirty-first, one thousand eight hundred and ninety-five, the sum of fifty thousand dollars, or so much thereof as may be necessary. Fourth - For the expenses of the Commission, as hereinbefore provided, the sum of three thousand dollars, or so much thereof as may be necessary. Section 14. All moneys to be paid on the warrant of the Auditor General, drawn on the State Treasurer upon requisition, approved and certified to by the said Commission. Section 15. Any-balance remaining unexpended for the year one thousand eight hundred and ninety-four shall be available for the year one thousand eight hundred and ninety-five, in addition to the sum of fifty thousand dollars herein appropriated for that year. Section 16. That all acts or parts of acts inconsistent with the provisions of this act be and the same are hereby repealed. ACT OF 1899. Entitled an act to extend the benefits of the Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School, and the Soldiers' Orphan Schools, to the children of honorably discharged soldiers, sailors and marines of the Spanish-American war. Section 1. Be it enacted, &c., That the Commission of Soldiers' Orphans' Schools of the State of Pennsylvania, under such rules and forms of application as it may adopt, shall and is hereby authorized and required to admit to the Pennsylvania Soldiers' Industrial School, or to the Soldiers' Orphan Schools, orphans of honorably discharged soldiers, sailors and marines of the Spanish- American war. subject to present laws governing the control of said schools. 104 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. ACT OF 1901. AN ACT To amend section six of an act, entitled "An act providing for the erection of the Pennsylvania Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School; the purchase of land and the erection and equipment of the building and buildings necessary therefor; making appropriations for such purposes as erection and equipment, and the maintenance of the children admitted therein, placing the care of the same in the Commission now known as the Commission, of Soldiers' Orphan Schools of the State of Pennsylvania, and relating the admissions to the said Pennsylvania Soldiers' Orphans Industrial School and the said Soldiers' Orphan Schools," approved the twenty-seventh day of May, Anno Domini one thousand eight hundred and ninety-three: Provided, That in certain cases pupils may remain at the Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial Schools after attaining the age of sixteen years. Section 1. Be it enacted, &c., That section six of said act, which reads as follows: "Section 6. The said Commission, under such rules and forms of application as it may adopt, shall be and is hereby authorized to admit to said Soldiers' Orphan School, or to the Pennsylvania Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School, soldiers' orphans of parents residents of this State for a continuous period of not less than five years prior to their application, who shall be under fourteen years of age to be educated and maintained therein until they shall severally become sixteen years of age, unless sooner discharged for cause by order of the Commission," be amended to read as follows: Section 6. The said Commission, under such rules and forms of application as it may adopt, shall be and is hereby authorized to admit to said Soldiers' Orphan School, or to the Pennsylvania Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School, soldiers' orphans, of parents residents of this State for a continuous period of not less than five years prior to their application, who shall be under fourteen years of age, to be educated and maintained therein until they shall be severally become sixteen years of age, unless sooner discharged for cause, by order of the Commission. Provided, That in the case of pupils at the Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial School reaching the age of sixteen between the first day of January in any year and the thirtieth day of June of the same year, the said pupil may, at the discretion of the Commission of Soldiers' Orphan Schools, remain at the school until the thirtieth day of June following the date at which he or she may reach the age of sixteen. Provided, further, That all acts or parts of acts inconsistent herewith be and the same are hereby repealed. OFFICIAL DOCUMENT, No. 16. 105 INDEX. Page. COMMISSION OF SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOLS, 2 IN MEMORIAM, 70 EXPENDITURES OF SCHOOLS, 9 Chester Springs, 9 Uniontown, 9 Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial, 10 Consolidated statement of expenses, 10 LAWS REGULATING SCHOOLS, 95 Act of 1867, 95 Act of 1889, 98 Act of 1893, 101 Act of 1899, 103 Act of 1901, 104 OFFICIAL DIRECTORY OF SCHOOLS, 3 ORGANIZATION OF COMMISSION, 2 REPORT OF COMMISSION, 4 REPORTS OF INSPECTORS, 72 Laura P. Swentzel, 72 S. G. Willauer, 74 REPORT OF SEWING ROOMS, 24 Chester Springs, 24 Uniontown, 25 Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial, 25 REPORTS OF SUPERINTENDENTS, 77 Chester Springs, 77 Uniontown, 81 Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial, 83 REPORT OF THE TREASURER, 7 ROSTER OF CHILDREN BY COUNTIES, 27 SCHOOL FACULTY AND EMPLOYES, 20 Chester Springs, 20 Uniontown, 21 Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial, 22 STATISTICS BY COUNTIES, 17 STATISTICS OF SCHOOLS AND HOMES, 13 Chester Springs, 14 Uniontown, 14 Soldiers' Orphans' Industrial, 15 TABULAR STATEMENTS, 8 Admissions granted, 17 Applications by counties, 17 Comparative statement of expenses, 9 Condition of schools, 14 Discharges and deaths, 11 Growth of the system, 11 General statistics, 13 Instruction report, 19 Number and ages of children, 16 Present membership from each county, 18 Rate of mortality, 12 TREASURER'S REPORT, 7