HISTORY: Historic Huntingdon, 1767-1909, Chapter 22, Early History & Present Condition, Huntingdon County, PA Contributed for use in the USGenWeb Archives by Nancy Lorz Copyright 2007. All rights reserved. http://www.usgwarchives.net/copyright.htm http://www.usgwarchives.net/pa/pafiles.htm _____________________________________________________________________ Historic Huntingdon, 1709-1907. Huntingdon Old Home Week, September 5-11, 1909. Souvenir Edition. Huntingdon, Pa.: Historical Committee of the Old Home Week Association, 1909. _____________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER XXII. Incidents of the Early History of Huntingdon, Pa., and Notes of Its Present Condition. The first white visitors to the upper part of the valley of the Juniata, of whom any written account has been preserved, were traders, engaged in traffic with the natives, exchanging goods for furs and skins. On incursions made during the first half of the eighteenth century they found a tribe located upon ground now in the southeastern part of the Borough of Huntingdon. Arching around a tall, slim pillar of stone, covered with hieroglyphics, were wigwams or lodges of the browned sons of the forest. Besides their chief vocation of hunting and fishing, they cultivated corn in patches of land which they had cleared on the flats adjacent to the river and creek. The stone referred to, which was supposed to bear in its cabalistic inscriptions a record of the history and achievements of the tribe, was regarded with great veneration by the natives, and its conspicuous position and appearance led the white visitors to designate the locality by the name "STANDING STONE." This stone stood above Second street between the Pennsylvania railroad and the river, on or near No. 208 Allegheny street, once owned by the estate of George Thomas, deceased. Conrad Weiser, an Indian interpreter in the employ of the Provincial government, made a trip from his home in Berks County to the Ohio river in 1748, and mentions the Standing Stone in his journal under the date of 18th of August. John Harris, father of the founder of Harrisburg, in his account of a 145 journey to Logstown on the Ohio, made in 1754, describes the stone as being "about 14 feet high, 6 inches square." The Proprietaries of the province mindful of the rights of the natives and anxious to promote peace with them, would not grant lands nor permit settlements to be made until the Indian title had been purchased. At a treaty held at Albany on the 6th day of July, 1754, the Six Nations, consisting of the Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas, Senecas and Tuscaroras, executed a deed to the Proprietaries for a large portion of the territory of the province including the whole of the valley of the Juniata. Soon after this event the resident tribe sought a home elsewhere and it has been supposed that the stone was taken along. After the departure of the Indians a second stone was erected by the settlers on the side of the original one. That stone is mentioned in a diary of the Rev. Philip Fithian, a Presbyterian clergyman, who made a visit to the frontier churches in 1775, as follows: "Wednesday, August 23d. I had almost forgotten to tell the person who shall read these papers a couple hundred years hence that there is now standing in a garden at Huntingdon a tall stone column or pillar nearly square, which has given to the town and valley the name of "Standing Stone Valley." The column is seven feet above the ground." It was removed probably on account of the improvement of the lot upon which it stood to the center of Third at the south line of Penn street in front of the old Court House. It had traced upon it numerous cabalistic characters and the names of John Lukens, proprietary surveyor general, with the date 1768, Charles Lukens, Thomas Smith, brother of Rev. Dr. Smith, afterward successively Deputy Surveyor and Judge of the Supreme Court and others. A part of this stone is in possession of Mr. E. C. Summers, a resident of this borough. Hugh Crawford was the first white owner of the land at Huntingdon. He claimed to have an improvement here in 1753-1754, and by deed executed at Fort Pitt, 146 June 1, 1760, conveyed to George Croghan "a certain tract of land of four hundred acres on the north side of the Frankstown Branch of Juniata, known by the name of the Standing Stone, including my improvements thereon from the mouth of Standing Stone Creek to the crossing up the creek, and to the upperward part of the small island. On the 10th day of December, 1764, Croghan obtained from the proprietaries a warrant for the tract and by deed dated the 25th day of March, 1766, he conveyed the same to "William Smith, D.D., provost of the college of Philadelphia." On the 6th day of May following, a survey was made by Samuel Finley, an assistant of William Maclay, then one of the Deputy Surveyors for the county of Cumberland, of "the Standing Stone place and Crawfords," including 1558 3/4 acres. On the 6th day of September, 1776, another survey was made by Maclay extending along the Juniata from the quarry below Standing Stone Creek to the upper point of Cypress island, a distance exceeding two miles in length. That survey was returned to the Land office and some years later was confirmed to Dr. Smith by patent in which, as well as in Maclays return, it is designated as "The Standing Stone tract.' Doctor Smith obtained office titles for the greater portion of the land included in the survey made by Samuel Finley, and also to numerous other tracts in the vicinity. In 1767 he caused a town to be laid out on the Crawford or Croghan tract to which he afterward gave the name of HUNTINGDON (see map) in honor of Selina, the countess of Huntingdon in England, who had been a munificent donor to the college of Philadelphia, afterward called the University of Pennsylvania, of which he was then provost. The oldest title found is a conveyance by Dr. Smith to Samuel Anderson, dated Sept. 7, 1768, for Lot. No. 12, part of which was formerly owned and occupied by John W. Mattern. It recites that "William Smith hath laid out a certain town, called -----, at Standing Stone, on Juniata, in the county of Cumberland, and divided the same 147 into streets and lots regularly named and numbered and sold subject to an annual ground rent of one Spanish milled dollar." A fort was built here at an early date. Its precise locality is not known, but tradition fixes its site at the intersection of Penn and Second streets. It was constructed of stockades and was provided with barracks, block-houses and magazines constructed from heavy hewn timber. A blacksmith shop that stood at No. 205 Penn street until about -854, was built from hewn logs that were taken from the fort. The fort was supposed to have been erected by the early settlers as a defence against Indian forays, but on a French map, constructed as early as 1758, this locality is marked "F. STANDEN STONE." The town limits fixed in 1767 were subsequently enlarged and a plan was placed on record on the 14th day of November, 1795. A borough charter was passed by the General Assembly on the 29th day of March, 1796. It provided for the election of the corporation officers annually. That feature was changed and the limits extended by the act of 1855. A remarkable blunder was committed by some person, in making the record show the "Market Place" at Fifth and Washington, instead of Fifth and Penn streets. The boundaries given therein are the same as those described on the recorded plan, and begin at a stone corner at the river 200 feet east of Second street and run thence N. 24 E. 109.7 perches to a stone; thence N. 66 degrees W., through the Cemetery and along the southern side of Oneida street, 157 perches to a stone at the western line of Seventh street; thence S. 24 degrees W., including Seventh street, 110 perches or thereabouts to the river; thence down the same to the place of beginning. At an election held on the first Monday of April following, Benjamin Elliott was chosen Chief burgess. While Judge Elliott and his associate fathers were busying themselves in completing the corporate organization of the infant borough, Jonathan Priestly, assessor, 148 with John Patton and John Williams, assistants, was enrolling the inhabitants of the township of Huntingdon, and listing their property subject to taxation. From their return made in the spring of 1796, the following schedule of names and occupations of citizens of the borough was made, to which is added the street and number of their residences where the same could be obtained. An appended asterisk (*) indicates that the person named has descendants now living here. HOUSE-HOLDERS *Africa, Michael, brick maker and dyer, 321, 323 Alleghany. Armitage, John, mechanic. Blair, John, 617, 619 Penn. Cadwallader, John, Lawyer, 305, 307 Alleghany. Chambers, Arthur, surveyor, N. E. Cor. Penn & Second, 2 lots Colestock, Christian, shoemaker, 313, 315 Alleghany. Cutlip, Jonathan, nailer. Davis, John, hatter, 424, 426 Alleghany. Dean, Alexander, tavern keeper-and shop-keeper, S. E. corner of Alleghany and Second. Deardurff, Abraham, nailer, 604, 606 Penn. *Drury, Stephen, silversmith, W. lot of Court House grounds. Eckelberger, Valentine, blacksmith, 313, 315 Alleghany. *Elliott, Benjamin, shopkeeper, N. W. cor. Alleghany & Second. *Elliott, James, tanner, Penn above Sixth. Eshelman, (widow) Evans, Ellis, Joiner, (carpenter or cabinet maker) 617, 619 Mifflin. Evans, Mark. *Fockler, George. Fulton, James, mason. Funk, Michael, weaver, 209, 211 Penn. George, John joiner, 409, 411 Alleghany. *Glazier, Daniel, tavern-keeper, N. side Alleghany, above Second. 149 *Gwin, Patrick. Harden, James, shoemaker. Harr, Everard, shopkeeper, 421, 423 Penn. *Haynes, Abraham, N. side Alleghany, above Second. Henderson, Andrew, prothonotary, 325, 327 Alleghany. *Hoffman, Peter, potter, 517, 519 Alleghany. Householder, Adam. *Householder, George, blacksmith, 304, 306 Alleghany. Howe, Abraham, chairmaker, 401-407 Mifflin. *Johnston, Rev. John, Presbyterian Pastor S. E. corner Penn and Second. Ker, Thomas, 529, 531 Penn. Ker, William, shopkeeper. Kimberling, Henry, tailor. *Kurtz, Frederick, joiner, 329, 335 Mifflin. Law, Mark, N. side of Mifflin, above Sixth. Lewis, John, shoemaker, ----- Penn. Light, John. Linkswiler, -----, wagonmaker, N. side Alleghany, above Fourth. Litzinger, Simon, mason. Lutz, Andrew, weaver. McClane, William, shoemaker. McConnell, Alexander, shopkeeper, S. W. cor. Penn and Fourth. McConnell,William, tavern-keeper, 421,423 Allegheny. *McMurtie, David, Fourth below Penn. *McMurtie, James. McNutt, John, shopkeeper, 605, 607 Penn. Marshall, John, tavern-keeper. Martin, George, mason, 317, 319 Mifflin. Metz, Lewis, saddler, S. side of Alleghany, above Third. Miers, Joseph, joiner, 529, 531 Alleghany. Miers, Michael, 605, 607 Mifflin. Moyers, John, 313, 315 Allegheny. Miller, Christley, tanner. *Miller, Henry, shopkeeper, 409, 411 Penn. Miller, William, tailor, 407 Allegheny. 150 Nesbit, James, physician, 608-614 Penn. Newman, Peter, skindresser, S. side Alleghany, above Fourth. *Patton, John. Patton, Joseph, tanner. Potter, Simon, tavern-keeper, 324, 326 Alleghany. Priestly, Jonathan. Reynolds, George, 212, 214 Alleghany. Rothrock, Frederick, saddler, 313, 315 Penn. *Saxton, James, shoemaker, 424, 426 Penn. Sells, John, Hatter, 413, 415 Mifflin. Sells, Ludwig. Sells Samuel. *Simpson, John, blacksmith, N. W. cor. Penn and Second 2 lots. Simpson, Matthew, tavern-keeper, 417, 419 Penn. Simpson, Robert, weaver, 510, 507 Alleghany. *Shultz, Lawrence, tavern-keeper, 320, 322 Alleghany. Smith, Adam, joiner. Smith, Philip, tailor, 308, 310 Penn. Steel, Samuel, tavern-keeper, 416, 418 Penn. *Steel, William, shopkeeper, 317, 319 Penn. Stevens, Peter, tailor, 509, 511 Penn. *Sturtzman, Adam, S. side Alleghany, above Fourth. *Swoope, Peter, hatter, 325, 327 Penn. Sytes, Stophel, Tanner, Hugh, weaver, 309, 311 Penn. Travilla, Richard, chairmaker. Weidner, Jacob, (?) Jackson House, Alleghany. *Westbrook, (widow) 410 Penn. *Whittaker, Thomas, tavern-keeper, S. W. corner Alleghany and Fourth. Will. Peter, cooper, 401, 407 Alleghany. Wright, John, shoemaker. SINGLE FREEMEN. Armitage, Benjamin, carpenter. Ballow, Daniel, cooper. *Brotherline, Charles, S. side of Alleghany, E. of Second. 151 Campbell, Robert, joiner, S. W. corner Fifth and Penn. Clark, James, weaver. Eckelberger, Stephen, wagonmaker, 301, 303 Washington. Fling, John. Foley, James, 401, 403 Penn. Gainor, John, Tailor. Gillespie, Thomas, distiller. *Graffius, Martin, tinner, 405, 407 Penn. Griffith, John, teacher, S. E. corner Alleghany and Fifth. Haynes, Jacob, nailer. Henderson, Jonathan, lawyer. Huston, William, weaver. McAvay, Dennis. McCaleb, John, joiner. McCaleb, William, tanner. McConnell, James, weaver. McConnell, John, shopkeeper. Morton, James, tailor. *Patton, Benjamin, joiner. Rothrock, Daniel, saddler. Rothrock, Joseph, silversmith. Rudisell, Jonas, tanner. Simpson, Robert, joiner. Smith, Richard, lawyer. Stroupe, Anthony. Wilson, George, physician, 405, 407 Washington. The same names appear on the assessment for 1797, except Jonathan Cutlip, marked removed; (widow) Eshleman; ----- Linkswiler, Lewis Metz, Adam Smith, and Dennis McAvay, but with the addition of that of Alexander King, 229, 231 Mifflin. The proprietor of the town donated plots of ground for a public school, cemetery and to each of the six religious denominations, to wit: German Calvanist, Roman Catholic, Lutheran, Methodist, Presbyterian and Protestant Episcopal. All the latter disposed of their lots except the Catholic, which continues in possession of the plot at the northeast corner of Second and Church streets. 152 From the date of the first settlement until 1771, the territory of this county formed a part of Cumberland. On the 9th of March of that year it fell to the newly created county of Bedford, and by the act of the 20th day of September, 1787, Huntingdon county was erected from part of Bedford. The town of Huntingdon was named in the law to be the seat of justice, and the courts directed to be held at the house of Ludwig Sell until a court house could be built. About October 1, 1797, a postoffice was established here and John Cadwaller appointed postmaster. A weekly mail was carried between Harrisburg and Huntingdon. The principal public builds are: The Court House, Jail, three Public School Houses, two Steam Fire Engine Houses, Baptist, Protestant Episcopal, (German) Reformed, Evangelical Lutheran, two Methodist Episcopal, Presbyterian, Presbyterian Chapel, Roman Catholic, United Brethren, and two African churches. The German Baptists or Brethren (Dunkards) hold regular services in the Normal College Building and are now building a church. The State Industrial Reformatory is located in the township of Smithfield on the opposite side of the Juniata. Engine house No. 1, 508-510 Washington street, contains a hall in which the sessions of Borough council are held. COURT HOUSES. - A jail was erected soon after the formation of the county of Huntingdon, on lot No. 41, on the eastern side of Second street, being the ground now occupies by the extension of Penn street, having temporary accommodations therein for court purposes. The first house built exclusively for the courts and county offices was a substantial three-story brick building in Third street, south of Penn, fronting northward. The offices of the Prothonotary and Register and Recorder, etc., were in the first story, with a hall entrance on the southern side. The entire second story was used as a court room. On the third floor were the Commissioners' office and jury room. Before a bell was afforded, the courts were called by the music of the drum and fife. The 153 County Commissioners, with a view of erecting another building better suited to the wants of the county, acquired the title to four lots of ground on the northern side of Penn street, extending through to Washington, between Second and Third streets. Upon this site a third Court House was erected. It was occupied for the public uses in August, 1842. Its immediate predecessor then fell into the possession of the Borough authorities, by whose direction it was demolished in May, 1848, and the street which it obstructed was opened to its full width. The fourth and present Court House, occupying the side of the one completed in 1842, was commenced in 1882, completed and occupied in December, 1883. THE FIRST JAIL. - The first jail was mentioned in the preceding paragraph. The second was built on Third street near the southern line of Church street and served its purposes for over thirty years. The third and present one, also erected in Third street, extending northward from Mifflin street toward structure number two, was completed in 1829. The walls were raised in 1840 and a few years ago additional cells were built. MARKET HOUSES. - The two lots on the southern side of Allegheny street, one on the eastern and the other on the western side of Third street, were intended by the proprietor of the town for a market place. To give additional space the lots on each side of Third, north of Allegheny, were shortened to 177 feet. In contemplation of Huntingdon soon becoming a county-town, Third street was regarded as the proper location for the public buildings and it was deemed best to secure another site for a market house. Penn street at the intersection of Fifth was the place chosen and accordingly the owners of the twelve lots fronting on Penn, six above and six below Fifth, by agreement dated the 22nd August, 1787, donated fifteen feet off the front of their properties to public use; thus widening Penn street to eighty feet and forming what has been inaccurately designated the "Diamond." A market house was soon after erected and 154 markets held therein regularly on Wednesday and Saturday of each week for many years. The market laws were infringed from time to time, and becoming practically obsolete, the market house was torn down pursuant to a resolution of the Burgess and Town Council adopted Sept. 2nd, 1847. EDUCATIONAL - On the 19th day of February, 1790, the General Assembly passed "An Act for the founding and endowing a public school in the town and county of Huntingdon." The Trustees named in the act failed to secure sufficient subscriptions to establish a permanent endowment fund, but in 1791 opened a grammar school under the direction of Rev. John Johnston, the resident Presbyterian clergyman. Classis instruction was subsequently added and the school continued by Rev. Johnston until near the time of his death, in 1823. The proprietor of the town, Rev. William Smith, D.D., by deed dated the 14th day of November, 1795, conveyed to the trustees of the "Public Grammar and Free School" and their successors as incorporated by law, the plot of ground at the northwestern corner of Fifth and Moore streets, containing two acres. That ground being remote from the center of population it was not occupied for the purpose for which it was donated until the year 1843, when a brick building, two stories in height, and containing four school rooms was erected thereon by the board of school directors. The building was subsequently enlarged so as to afford accommodations for eight schools. The bell that hung upon the Court House in Third street, was, on the removal of that building, placed in the cupola of the school house. It bore the inscription: "Cast by Samuel Parker, Philada., 1798. William Smith, D.D., to the borough of Huntingdon, Juniata." It weighed 254 pounds and was cracked in calling the schools on a frosty morning, December 12, 1861. Its place was supplied by a new and larger one. In 1879 a resolution of the school board to take down the building and erect upon its site a larger one 155 having received the approval of the people at a popular election, the schools were closed on the 9th day of April and a few days later work for a new edifice was commenced. On the 19th day of November following the schools were opened in the new building. It is in the form of a T, two stories in height above a large basement and contains rooms for fourteen schools. It fronts, facing Moore street, one hundred and thirty-four feet and extends back fifty-four feet, five inches, from which the rear wing, fifty-four feet wide, extends northward seventy- six feet, seven inches. A brick school house was erected on the western side of Cherry alley near Oneida street for the accommodation of colored pupils, whose education was conducted for many years in separate schools. The ground and building were sold a few years ago and converted to other uses. The lots at the northwestern corner of Moore and Fourteenth streets were purchased by the school board and the erection thereon of a two- story brick house with accommodations for four schools commenced in 1873 and completed during the winter of that year. The building was enlarged in 1885, and now has eight rooms, six of which are occupied by schools. In 1897 a two-story brick High School Building was erected on the northern side of Portland street according to a design of W. R. Myton. STATISTICS FOR THE YEAR 1909 Number of pupils enrolled in first, second and third grades, 535. Number enrolled in fourth, fifth and sixth grades, 454. Number enrolled in the Grammar grades, 196. Number enrolled in the High School grades, 175. Total enrollment for the year, 1360. Second Ward Building, 523. Third Ward Building, 371. Fourth Ward Building, 466. Total number graduates from the High School, 441. 156 TEACHERS OF THE SECOND WARD BUILDING. I. D. Shoop, Prin., Meretta Forbes, Gertrude Letterman, Besse McElwain, Mary Clouser, Gertrude Tiffany, Dorothy Wagner, Caroline Isenberg, Kathryn Jackson, Emma G. M. Warfel, Mabel Johnston, Ada Householder. Sallie Livingston, THIRD WARD BUILDING. Charles O. Frank, Prin. High School. Arthur T. Ilgen, Assistant in High School. Margaret Coder, " " " Nora Kieffer, " " " Anna Hershey, " " " Phoebe J. Shoop, A Grammar grade. Maude Miller, " " Annie Rutledge, B Grammar grade. Kathryn Figard, Supply Teacher. FOURTH WARD BUILDING Oscar Hawn, Prin., Cora D. Isett, Lulu Carroll, May Fritchey, Alice Brown, Idella Louden, Elsie Hall, Mabel J. Coxe. Janitors: Second Ward - James Corbin. Third Ward - Nehemiah Corbin. Fourth Ward - Carlton Miller. THE BOARD OF EDUCATION. First Ward - A. B. McElwee, John W. Snyder, George L. Knepp. Second Ward - Harry E. Steel, Harry Brown, Dr. G. G. Harman. Third Ward - Dr. S. F. Forgeus, S. G. Rudy, Esq., H. H. Waite, Esq. Fourth Ward - J. H. Likens, H. E. Funk, J. C. Louder. BOROUGH SUPERINTENDENTS. L. S. Shimmel, 1890-1893. W. M. Benson, 1893-1896. Kimber Cleaver, 1896-1902. E. R. Barclay, 1902- 157 COUNTY SUPERINTENDANTS, COMMON SCHOOLS. J. S. Barr; 1854-1856 W. R. Baker; 1878-1884 Albert Owens; 1856-1860 M. G. Brumbaugh; 1884-1890 Robert McDivitt; 1860-1866 Sam'l G. Rudy; 1890-1902 D. F. Tussey; 1866-1872 J. G. Dell; 1902 R. M. McNeal; 1872-1878 Number pupils enrolled in Huntingdon county (exclusive of Huntingdon Borough), 7450. Huntingdon Borough, 1360. Total enrollment for the county for 1909, 8810. THE HUNTINGDON ACADEMY was incorporated by an act of the General Assembly approved March 16th, 1816. The Dean Hotel property, on the southeastern corner of Allegheny and Second streets, was purchased by the Trustees and used for school purposes for many years. The Trustees purchased two lots at the northeastern corner of Church and Fourth streets and in 1844, erected the building now standing on the southeastern corner of Moore and Fourth streets and removed the school to it. In 1874 a more convenient structure was built on the southern end of the lots. After the permanent establishment of a High School, the academy declined and the property was sold and the building converted into dwellings. JUNIATA COLLEGE. - After several efforts had been made by certain groups of members of the Church of the Dunker Brethren in various parts of the country to revive the educational interests of their people, Professor Jacob Martin Zuck, under the patronage of Doctor A. B. and Elders H. B. and J. B. Brumbaugh, with three students, opened the Brethrens' Normal and Collegiate Institute in a room on the second story of the Primitive Christian building on April 17th, 1876. The enterprise though very small soon gave promise of growth. The year of 1876 and 1877 showed a total enrollment of about seventy students, and the school was moved to the Burchinell Building at 1224 Washington street, in February, 1877. Although admission to the school was from the start free to the members of every or even no religious denomination- 158 tion; yet, because of the real purpose of its founding and in spite of the indifference and even opposition of Brethren in certain quarters, students were enrolled from eastern Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, Ohio, Indiana and Missouri. During the winter of 1877, the school disbanded on account of the smallpox plague that visited Huntingdon in that year; but with the passing of the "Scare" the three students from Ohio, who had taken refuge at "The Forge," on Trough Creek, returned and soon the school was larger than before. In the first catalogue, published in the spring of 1878, seven teachers constitute the faculty, and the names of one hundred and seventy-two students are recorded, most of them taking the "Normal English course,: although Music and Art are emphasized and a "College Course" of four years is outlined as an indication of the high aims of the "Founders." The school year consisted of forty-eight weeks divided into four terms, the "Institute Term" of six weeks beginning July 22nd. In the second catalogue, the name of the institution is changed to "Brethren's Normal College." Elder James Quinter became President and Prof. J. H. Brumbaugh Principal upon the death of the founder, Prof. Zuck, which occurred on Sunday, May 10, 1879. The faculty was enlarged to nine. "The Scientific Course," and "The Business Course," offering the degree of "Bachelor of Commercial Science," were added; and the entire school was removed to the new four-story brick building erected by the stockholders on a square of ground known as "block 20 in West Huntingdon" donated by citizens of the town. In the chapel of this building the first graduation exercises were held, the class consisting of three members of the Normal Department. The closing exercises of the school in previous years had been conducted in what was then known as the "Opera House," previously the Presbyterian church and now a part of the large J. C. Blair Co. Building. 159 In the decade of 1880-1899 the school became rather intensive than extensive in its growth. The Summer Institute Term was dropped in 1880. The Normal Department received most attention, though there were three graduates in the Scientific Course. In 1881-'82-'83 Prof. W. J. Swigart and Prof. L. S. Shimmel were chairmen of the faculty successively, and Prof. J. H. Brumbaugh, secretary, Prof. Brumbaugh taking the chairmanship again in 1883 and holding that position until the death of President Quinter in 1889 when he again became Principal, the office of President being filled until 1894 by Elder H. B. Brumbaugh. During these years and up to the present time Prof. Swigart was Treasurer and Prof. Joseph E. Saylor was Secretary, and also Librarian until 1904. In the list of regular members of the faculty for 1882-'83 appears the name of Prof. J. B. Kidder, long known in Huntingdon as a profound scholar. He taught the Ancient Languages. Dr. Martin G. Brumbaugh, after having completed the Normal English course in 1832, appears as a member of the faculty teaching English and Natural Science in 1882-'83, in 1885 as a graduate of the Scientific Course, and again in 1889-'90-'91 as teacher of Natural Sciences, Pedagogics, and English until he began his university career. Prof. F. H. Green, now of West Chester State Normal School, was head of the department of English, from the spring of 1884 until the end of the school year, 1888. The Alumni Association was formally organized in 1887. Dr. A. B. Brumbaugh and his son, Dr. Gaius M. Brumbaugh, of Washington, D. C., were particularly active in developing the library and the museum, Dr. Gaius Brumbaugh arranging with the government to constitute Juniata College as one of the depositories of her publications. The Bible Department was established in 1889, a one and a two year course being offered. During these years from 1880 to 1890 the total number of students yearly enrolled numbered about two hundred and fifty. 160 The steady growth of the institution now demanded more room, and Ladies' Hall was built in 1890-'91. Mr. John G. Keeney became steward, and the number of students and teachers became noticeably larger. Prof. G. W. Snavely was formally installed as Principal of the newly organized Business Department. The first special Bible Term, held ever since during the winter for popular Bible study, was opened in 1892. To the Department of Vocal Music which Prof. William Beery had been conducting since 1880, was added a teacher in piano-forte. Prof. David Emmert, who had been an early promoter of the institution and one of its most earnest teachers, but who because of his interest in the care for orphans had been absent for several years, returned to the Faculty as teacher of Art and Botany, in 1894. The Oriental and Wahneeta Literary Societies were organized, instead of the one Eclectic Society, in the Spring of 1892. In the winter of 1893-'94, Dr. M. G. Brumbaugh returned to his Alma Mater as its President. Very soon the institution began to plan for definite work along higher lines. A number of "post graduates" as they were called returned and began to line up for the four years Classical Course and the A. B. degree. The Normal English Course was freely sprinkled with "electives" in order to furnish opportunity for definite preparation for college. A large class of "Special Students in Literature: entered from the town. And the enthusiasm for larger things took definite shape in a new building largely contributed to by students and now known as "Student's Hall." A new charter was secured in 1896, and the name "Juniata College" was adopted. For the year 1896-'97 it was announced that Dr. M. G. Brumbaugh who had already begun some teaching in the University of Pennsylvania would permanently reside in Philadelphia, and that Prof. I. Harvey Brumbaugh would perform the active administrative duties of Presi- 161 dent Brumbaugh's office. In June, 1897, the first student was graduated from the course in Arts, receiving the degree of A. B. Since then there have regularly been graduates in this course. In 1896-'97 the idea of larger scope in the work of the institution took shape in the form of a two years' Seminary Course, from which there was one graduate in 1900. This course was combined in 1900-'01 with the College Preparatory Course, which had first been offered in 1883-'84 and again in 1898-'99, and called the four years Academy Course. The student body continually increased and Oneida Hall was built in 1898. In 1899 the Athletic Field was purchased. In 1901, at the twenty-fifth anniversary, an especially large number of old students, friends, and Alumni were present for Commencement Week, the exercises being held in the unfinished Gymnasium, which building was built in response to the intensity of student interest and substantial aid. This period of Juniata's history is also marked by the development of many features of College life on the one hand and still more especially by the introduction of the more distinctively scholarly features of the courses and the instruction. The Juniata Echo, established first of all by Dr. A. B. Brumbaugh as a quarterly and later developed into a monthly, reflects the literary temper of these and later years. A quarterly Bulletin, edited by Acting-President Prof. J. Harvey Brumbaugh, publishes special lectures, sermons, addresses and theses. With the erection of the Library, gift of Andrew Carnegie, upon grounds donated by citizens of Huntingdon, 1906-'07, the latest, and promising-to-be-most-extensive epoch in the history of Juniata College begins. The building of this structure enlarged the horizon of the institution's possibilities so greatly that steps were soon taken to amend the charter, looking toward a wider educational field. In pursuance of this ideal, all stockholders freely surrendered their private holdings and a self-perpetuating board of Trustees was constituted, still morally in sympathy with the high purpose of serving the Dunker 162 Brethren educationally but free to work in a larger field of usefulness also. Already grounds have been secured nearby on which to establish the College proper, leaving the old seat more particularly for the Preparatory Schools. Plans are being drawn and grounds laid out in view of this extensive purpose. Meanwhile the building of a new church is in progress, a Summer Session has been re-introduced, the scope of the Bible work has been enlarged by offering a regular Theological course leading to the degree of Bachelor of Divinity, and efforts are being made to increase the Endowment Fund to two hundred thousand dollars. The institution now enrolled over four hundred students yearly. The faculty numbers twenty-two teachers. Six regular departments present graduates yearly, the College, The Academy, The Teachers' School, The Bible School, The Music School, and The Business School. The Alumni Association, exclusive of the Business graduates, numbers over five hundred. Nearly five thousand different students have registered since the founding. The College buildings and grounds, surrounded as they are by the homes of trustees, faculty members, and friends of the institution, constitute one of the most attractive sections of the town of Huntingdon. TOWN COMMONS AND ATHLETIC FIELD. The land comprized in this gift to Huntingdon Borough lies at the eastern end of the town, adjoining Standing Stone Creek and fronting on Penn street. Mrs. Kate F. Blair, carrying out the expressed wishes of the late J. C. Blair, presented the tract, together with $500 to defray expenses of putting it in order, to the Town Council in November, 1897, with the conditions that it be used for a public play ground and athletic field, subject to the regulation of the town coundil. since that date many improvements have been made, base ball and tennis grounds laid out, hedge and fencing provided, and an ornamental gateway built. 163 MEMBERS OF BAR - HUNTINGDON COUNTY List of President Judges and Attorneys admitted to the Huntingdon Bar from the organization of the County to the present date, July, 1909. PRESIDENT JUDGES Hon. Thomas Smith; 1791-1794 Hon. James Riddle; 1794-1804 Hon. Thomas Cooper; 1804-1806 Hon. Jonathan Walker; 1806-1818 Hon. charles Huston; 1818-1826 Hon. Thomas Burnside; 1826-1841 Hon. George W. Woodward; 1841-1842 Hon. Abraham S. Wilson; 1842-1849 Hon. George Taylor; 1849-1871 Hon. John Dean; 1871-1874 Hon. John H. Orvis; 1874-1883 Hon. Adam Hoy; 1883-1885 Hon. Austin O. Furst; 1885-1895 Hon. John G. Love; 1895- Six months Hon. W. McKnight Williamson; 1895-1896 Six months Hon. John M. Bailey; 1896-1903 Hon. Joseph M. Woods; 1903- LIST OF ATTORNEYS Term Admitted George Wharton; Prior to 1789 Charles Smith; Prior to 1789 James Hamilton; Prior to 1789 ----- Bradford; Prior to 1789 James Riddle; Prior to 1789 George Fisher; June 1789 W. M. Brown; Dec. 1789 John Cadwallader; Dec. 1789 David McKeehan; Dec. 1789 Thomas Nesbi; Dec. 1789 Jacob Nagle; June 1, 1790 Galbraith Patterson; June, 1791 Samuel Riddle; Dec. 1791 Richard Smith; Dec. 1791 Jonathan Walker; Apr. 1792 Thomas Nesbit; Aug. 1792 John Clark; Aug. 1792 Robert Duncan; Aug. 1792 Jacob Carpenter; Apr. 1792 William Ross; Apr. 1793 Henry Wood; Apr. 1793 Jona. Henderson; Apr. 1793 Thomas Elder; Nov. 1793 Thomas Collins; Aug. 1794 Abrm Morrison; Aug. 1794 James Morrison; Jan. 1795 John Lyon; Apr. 1795 George Duffield; Apr. 1795 Thomas Hadden; Aug. 1795 Thomas Anderson; Apr. 1796 Charles Huston; Aug. 1796 R. Duncan; Aug. 1796 William Reynolds; Aug. 1796 Jesse Moore; Nov. 1796 Even Rice Evans; Apr. 17, 1797 Robert McClure; Apr. 17, 1797 Robert Allison; Apr. 1898* Thomas Duncan; Apr. 1798 David Watt; Apr. 1798 Elias White Hale; Aug. 1798 John Lyon; Nov. 1798 William A. Patterson, of Mifflin Co.; Apr. 1799 Andrew Tolloh; Nov. 1800 John Rose; Jan. 1801 W. A. Thompson; Aug. 1801 L. W. Culbertson; Aug. 1801 William Orbison; Aug. 1801 W. Lee Hannum; Aug. 1801 James Kedie; Nov. 1801 David Irwin; Nov. 1801 John Miles; Jan. 1802 John Shippen; Jan. 1802 Thomas Gemmell; Aug. 1802 Josiah Espy; Aug. 1802 Thomas Burnside; Apr. 1804 Samuel Massey; Aug. 1804 Andrew Boggs; Jan. 1805 William Ward; Jan. 1805 Walker Reed; Aug. 1805 Mosan Canan; Jan. 1806 Isaac B. Parker; Apr. 1806 James M. Biddle; Aug. 1806 William Norris; Aug. 1806 A. Henderson, Jr.; Jan. 1807 John Carpenter; Nov. 1807 James M. Russell; Nov. 1808 Wm. R. Smith; Nov. 1808 John Tod, of Bedford; Aug. 1809 William Dean; Nov. 1809 George Burd; Aug. 1810 John Johnson; Aug. 12, 1811 Alex. A. Anderson; Aug. 15, 1811 Thos. Montgomery; Nov. 1811 164 LIST OF ATTORNEYS (Continued) Term Admitted Dan. S. Houghton; Aug. 1814 Wm. W. Potter; Aug. 1814 John Blanchard; Apr. 1815 Thomas Blair; Jan. 1816 William W. Smith; Apr. 1816 Alex, Thompson; Nov. 1816 James M. Kelly; Dec. 1816 Duncan S. Walker; Apr. 14, 1817 David Huling; Apr. 15, 1819 James Steel; Aug. 18, 1818 James McDowell; Nov. 1818 Josiah E. Barkley; Nov. 1818 Gratz Etting; Nov. 1818 Charles B. Seeley; Apr. 1820 Hugh Brady; Aug. 1820 William Patton; Aug. 1820 John Williamson; Apr. 1821 John G. Miles; Aug. 15, 1821 William Swift; Nov. 12, 1821 Barton McMullin; Apr. 9, 1822 Isaac Fisher; Apr. 11, 1822 Abram S. Wilson; Aug. 13, 1822 Ephraim Banks; Aug. 13, 1822 Samuel M. Green; Aug. 13, 1822 William J. Christy; Aug. 13, 1822 John A. Blodget; Aug. 17, 1822 McClay Hall; Aug. 11, 1823 T. Nixon Vandyke; Nov. 12, 1823 Richard B. McCabe; Jan. 12, 1824 John J. Henderson; Aug. 9, 1824 Stewart Steel; Aug. 9, 1824 James M. Bell; Aug. 10, 1824 Andrew J. Cline; Apr. 11, 1825 Jonathan Carlisle; Aug. 8, 1825 Robert Wallace; Jan. 12, 1826 Bond Valentine; Nov. 15, 1826 Moses Maclean; Apr. 10, 1827 Andrew Parker; Apr. 10, 1827 James P. Hepburn; Apr. 10, 1827 Calvin Blythe; May 20, 1827 M. D. Mageehan; Aug. 14, 1827 Nath. P. Fetterman; Aug. 14, 1827 Matthew D. Gregg; Nov. 12, 1827 Andrew P. Wilson; Apr. 16, 1828 Ezekial S. Dunbar; Aug. 11, 1828 James A. Petriken; Aug. 15, 1828 Alexander King; Apr. 15, 1829 Samuel M. Barklay; Apr. 15, 1829 Alexander Gwin; Nov. 9, 1830 Charles W. Kelso; Nov. 9, 1830 Samuel S. Wharton; Apr. 1831 Hamilton Semple; Aug. 9, 1831 Benj. Patton, Jr.; Nov. 4, 1831 Nathan Sargent; Aug. 16, 1832 James T. Hale; Nov. 13, 1832 James Crawford; Jan. 14, 1833 John McGee; Aug. 16, 1833 James Burnside; Jan. 14, 1834 Reuben C. Hale; Nov. 11, 1834 A. B. Norris; Apr. 15, 1835 Wm. P. Orbison; Nov. 12, 1835 Samuel Calvin; Apr. 12, 1836 George Taylor; Apr. 12, 1836 David Blair; Aug. 8, 1836 Thos. P. Campbell; Nov. 15, 1836 David Candor; Apr.11, 1837 R. A. McMurtrie; Apr. 15, 1837 John P. Anderson; Apr. 9, 1838 Thos. C. McDowell; June 19, 1838 H. N. McAllister; Aug. 13, 1838 John Fenelon; Aug. 12, 1839 George W. Barton; Aug. 12, 1839 Thaddeus Banks; Nov. 12, 1839 Gen. J. B. Anthony; Jan. 15, 1840 Wm. M. Stewart; Jan. 15, 1840 Adolphus D. Wilson; Jan. 15, 1840 Jeremiah S. Black; Aug. 17, 1840 Joshua F. Cox; Aug. 17, 1840 Aug. K. Cornyn; Nov. 9, 1840 William C. Logan; Jan. 12, 1841 Robert L. Johntson ; Apr. 13, 1841 E. V. Everhart; June 21, 1841 P. Frazer Smith; June 23, 1841 Theo. H. Cremer; Aug. 10, 1841 John W. Shaw; Aug. 11, 1841 William Ayers; Jan. 10, 1842 John Cresswell, Jr.; Apr. 12, 1842 Daniel Gant; Jan. 17, 1843 James S. Stewart; Apr. 17, 1843 William Dorris; Aug. 15, 1843 John S. McVey; Aug. 24, 1843 Samuel L. Linn; Jan. 19, 1844 Adin W. Benedict; Apr. 9, 1844 John Brotherline; Apr. 10, 1844 Joseph Kemp; Aug. 14, 1844 David Duff; Jan. 14, 1845 Jedidiah Jack; Mar. 12, 1845 Girart Hewitt; Apr. 16, 1845 Edward A. Leslie; Aug. 12, 1845 James K. Kelly; Aug. 13, 1845 A. P. Jacobs; Aug. 13, 1845 William H. Irvin; Aug. 14, 1845 William I. Jacobs; Aug. 16, 1845 R. G. Dunbar, of Bellefonte; Aug. 21, 1845 Titian J. Coffey; Jan. 14, 1846 Samuel Steel, Blair; Jan. 21, 1845 165 LIST OF ATTORNEYS (Continued). Term Admitted John Scott; Jan. 23, 1846 David Cooper; Apr. 14, 1846 J. Roberts Lourie; Apr. 15, 1846 John W. Thompson; Apr. 19, 1847 John Reed; Apr. 17, 1848 Gregg A. Madson; Aug. 18, 1848 Joseph Alexander; Jan. 11, 1849 R. Bruce Petriken; Aug. 13, 1849 George W. Watson; Aug. 14, 1849 Edmund Blanchard; Dec. 5, 1849 Edmund S. Doty; Jan. 13, 1850 David H. Hofins; Nov. 12, 1850 George W. Elder; Jan. 22, 1851 Sam'l C. Wingard; Apr. 14, 1851 Samuel L. Glasgow; Jan. 13, 1852 John N. Prowell; Apr. 12, 1852 Samuel T. Brown; Apr. 12, 1852 H. Bucher Swope; Apr. 14, 1853 William P. Schell; Aug. 11, 1853 Thomas L. Fletcher; Nov. 17, 1853 John Armitage; Nov. 21, 1853 John W. Mattern; Apr. 14, 1854 Daniel H. Heyett; Aug. 15, 1854 A. V. Parsons; Aug. 15, 1854 Daniel J. Neff; Jan. 10, 1855 Lewis M. Stewart; Jan. 10, 1855 Jonathan Duff; Apr. 14, 1855 D. Walker Woods; Jan. 12, 1856 George M. Houtz; Apr. 13, 1857 Erskine H. Miles; Aug. 10, 1857 John R. Edie, of Somerset Morde, McKinney; Nov. 12, 1857 Henry G. Smith; Nov. 13, 1857 J. S. Robison; Jan. 13, 1858 John Cessna, of Bedford; Jan. 15, 1858 Wm. A. McGalliard; Nov. 15, 1858 Andrew Reed; Nov. 19, 1858 Wm. H. Woods; Jan. 12, 1859 M. H. Jolly; Apr. 11, 1859 Henry T. White; Apr. 14, 1859 James D. Campbell; Nov. 14, 1859 R. Milton Speer; Nov. 14, 1859 J. H. O. Corbin; Nov. 14, 1859 T. M. Cornpropst; Aug. 16, 1860 Samuel J. Murray; Aug. 21, 1860 E. Hammond; Jan. 21, 1861 John Dean; Aug. 16, 1861 Warren Raymond; Jan. 15, 1862 Rud'h McMurtrie; Apr. 16, 1862 Joseph Parker; Apr. 21, 1862 Samuel L. Russell; Apr. 23, 1862 John M. Bailey; Aug. 11, 1862 P. Marion Lytle ; Aug. 11, 1862 William A. Wallace; Aug. 14, 1862 Wm. A. Stephens; Nov. 9, 1862 S. M. Woodkok; Nov. 11, 1862 Jos. G. Isenberg; Apr. 12, 1864 John A. McCanales; Aug. 5, 1864 Kensie A. Lovell; Aug. 10, 1864 Mord. B. Massey; Nov. 14, 1864 Joshua M. Conley; Nov. 21, 1864 W. M. Williamson; Jan. 17, 1865 John F. Freaxuff; Apr. 11, 1865 Jas. G. D. Findley; Aug. 15, 1865 William A. Sipe; Aug. 14, 1865 G. B. Armitage; Aug. 14, 1865 Thomas M. Uttley; Aug. 14, 1865 E. J. Osborne; Aug. 15, 1865 Milton S. Lytle; Aug. 13, 1866 E. S. McMurtrie; Aug. 13 1866 J. Rand'h Simpson; Aug. 15, 1866 P. H. Sangree; Apr. 8, 1867 John Williamson of Carlisle; Apr. 15, 1867 Henry E. Shafer; apr. 13, 1868 H. M. Baldridge; June 15, 1868 Samuel E. Fleming; Aug. 10, 1868 Miles M. McNeil; Aug. 10, 1868 Andrew J. Riley; Aug. 10, 1868 J. Slyvanus Blair; Aug. 10, 1868 Thomas W. Myton; Aug. 12, 1868 B. F. Fisher, of Philadelphia; Nov. 11, 1868 J. Hall Musser; Apr. 12, 1869 J. J. Cunningham; Nov. 11. 1869 David Caldwell; Jan. 20, 1870 Wilson C. Speck; Apr. 11, 1870 W. H. Akers; Apr. 11, 1870 R. Speer McIllduff; Aug. 8, 1870 Miles Zentmyer; Aug. 8, 1870 Frederick Jaekel; Aug. 8, 1870 H. C. Madden; Nov. 14, 1870 J. R. Durborrow; Jan. 10, 1871 Wm. A. fleming; Apr. 10, 1871 Robert A. Orbison; May 25, 1871 W. H. H. Young; Jan. 10, 1872 J. F. Schock; Jan. 20, 1872 J. C. Jackson; Nov. 11, 1872 L. S. Geissinger; Jan. 15, 1873 Robert Johnston; Aug. 13, 1873 Davis S. Krebs; Feb. 20, 1874 O. E. McNeil; Apr. 22, 1874 John H. Fisher; Aug. 10, 1874 James R. Riddle; Aug. 10, 1874 Jas. S. Leisenring; Jan. 20, 1875 George B. Orlady; Mar. 23, 1875 W. S. Alexander; Mar. 23, 1875 166 LIST OF ATTORNEYS (Continued). Term Admitted W. D. Horning; Apr. 21, 1875 Edward J. McCoy; Aug. 18, 1875 Herman H. North; Aug. 19, 1875 J. D. Hicks; Nov. 8, 1875 Thomas M. Pollack; Nov. 15, 1875 T. W. Jackson; Dec. 21, 1875 Ezra D. Parker; Jan. 10, 1876 Chas. A. Barnett; Jan. 11, 1876 Jas. J. Chamberlin ; Apr. 1, 1876o William W. Dorris; Apr. 12, 1876 A. A. Anderson; Apr. 12, 1876 Frank Love; Aug. 21, 1876 S. P. McDivitt; Oct. 3, 1876 F. B. Tierney; Nov. 13, 1876 John Cornman; Jan. 15, 1877 C. S. Marks; June 14, 1877 S. L. Glasgow; June 16, 1877 Davis J. Zeigler; Apr. 10, 1878 J. Frank Corbin; Apr. 10, 1878 John A. Hewitt; Apr. 10, 1878 Jesse R. Smith; Aug. 19, 1878 John Berry; Aug. 21, 1878 George H. Spang; Nov. 12, 1878 J. B. McPherson; Nov. 18, 1878 B. J. Devor; Nov. 26, 1878 James A. Beaver; Jan. 13, 1879 D. M. DeVore; Jan. 16, 1879 J. M. A. Passmore; Jan. 17, 1879 Edward L. Cox; Apr. 7, 1879 James A. Fleming; Aug. 18, 1879 A. Porter Huey; Aug. 18, 1879 Lemuel H. Beers; Sept. 29, 1879 John D. Dorris; Sept. 27, 1880 Charles G. Brown; Apr. 11, 1881 Dan'l McLaughlin; Apr. 18, 1881 Charles Hower, of Snyder Co.; Apr. 20, 1881 W. H. Oram, of Northumberland Co.; June 20, 1881 J. L. Spangler; July 11, 1881 M. R. Shaffner; Oct. 25, 1881 P. Heber McHugh; Apr. 10, 1882 Howard E. Butz; Apr. 10, 1882 Clement Dale, Apr. 10, 1882 John Y. Woods; Apr. 12, 1882 Wiliam S. Taylor; Oct. 1, 1882 William L. Hicks; Nov. 13, 1882 Edmund Shaw; Nov. 13, 1882 Horace B. Dunn; Dec. 18, 1882 Harry A. Brown; Jan. 8, 1883 Hayes H. Waite; Jan. 8, 1883 George W. Zeigler; Apr. 9, 1883 Jere B. Rex; Dec. 19, 1883 John J. Pearce; Mar. 25, 1884 C. P. Hewer; Feb. 9, 1885 D. H. Hastings; Feb. 9. 1885 J. M. Steese; March, 1885 H. P. Graffius; Sept. 14, 1885 Jere B. Cutshall; Sept. 14, 1885 James S. Woods; Dec. 14, 1885 J. H. Longnecker; Dec. 13, 1886 Thos. M. B. Hicks; June 14, 1887 Harry W. Petriken; June 14, 1887 George W. Spangler; Sept. 5, 1887 William J. Forbes; Sept. 5, 1887 C. O. Templeton; Jan. 17, 1888 Rogers K. Foster; Oct. 9, 1888 A. W. Porter; June 12, 1890 Warren B. Simpson; Dec. 14, 1891 J. C. Durbin; Dec. 14, 1891 Edwin L. Mattern; Sept. 11, 1893 Wm Wallace Chisolm; March 20, 1894 Robert A. Henderson; July 2, 1894 Warren M. Henderson; July 2, 1894 Samuel I. Spyker; Jan. 8, 1895 J. D. Sconten; Sept. 9, 1895 Richard W. Williamson; Dec. 2, 1895 W. C. Fletcher; Feb. 10, 1896 Thomas F. Bailey; June 22, 1896 Clarence H. Whittaker; Feb. 7, 1898 David E. North; May 2, 1898 B. L. Simpson; March 13, 1899 H. M. Leidig; March 14, 1899 F. M. Pennell; March 14, 1899 Charles C. Brewster; June 12, 1899 John H. Glazier; June 12, 1899 D. S. Atkinson; May 7, 1900 Howard L. Henderson; Oct. 14, 1901 William H. Trude; Oct. 14, 1901 Theodore C. Jackson; Oct. 14, 1901 David H. myers; Feb. 3, 1902 Robert M. Watson; Jan 4, 1906 S. G. Rudy; March 4, 1907 PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS. - The pioneer visitors to this region came from the east by the "indian trails." In a few years the main highway along the Juniata was dignified by the appellation of "the trader's road." which 167 was little if anything, better than a bridle-path. The first road laid out by the civil authorities was in 1774, by direction of the Bedford court, from the Standing Stone up Woodcock Valley to Bloody Run, now Everett. It began on the bank of the river opposite the stone quarry, followed the river eighty-six perches to the mouth of Standing Stone Creek; thence up the eastern bank of the creek nineteen perches; thence across the creek and on a direct line through Allegheny street 364 perches to the river at the lower point of Cypress island; thence across the river, through Smithfield, McConnelstown, Marklesburg, etc., to Everett. The road from Huntingdon eastward was not made passable for wheeled carriages through Jack's Narrows until many years thereafter. The river became and continued for many years to be the principal highway for traffic. Arks and keel-boats conveyed the surplus products to the eastern markets, and the latter, pushed by hand brought up merchandise and the household goods of the immigrant. The Huntingdon, Cambria and Indiana turnpike road company, that constructed the turnpike road from the borough to Blairsville, a distance of 77 miles, was incorporated February 15th, 1815, and the Lewistown and Huntingdon company constructed their road a few years later. The extension of the canal from Lewistown to Huntingdon was commenced in 1828, and so far completed by the 1st day of November, 1830, that on the 2nd of that month water was let in at the Huntingdon dam to test and settle the banks. On the 4th and 5th of that month the good people of Huntingdon celebrated the near approach of the consummation of water communication with the seaboard by excursions of the canal from basin to basin, music, salute-firing, illumination of houses and dancing in the evening and other demonstrations of joy. The next spring boats commenced to run regularly. The Pennsylvania Railroad was opened to Huntingdon in June, 1850. On Thursday, the 6th day of that month, the first locomotive passed over the line to this 168 place, and the next day trains began to run regularly to and from Philadelphia. Work on the Huntingdon and Broad Top Mountain Railroad was commenced in 1853. On Monday, July 30, 1855, the engine "Beaver" passed over the road for a distance of eight miles. On the 13th of the next month regular trips were commenced between Huntingdon and Marklesburg station. In the summer of 1856, the line was opened to Hopewell, and sometime afterward to Mount Dallas. THE COUNTY HOME. On May 6, 1850, an act was approved providing "for the erection of a house for the employment and support of the poor in the county of Huntingdon," when Thomas Fisher, Kenzie L. Greene, Benjamin Leas, James Gillam, John McCulloch, John Porter, Isaac Taylor, A. P. Wilson, John Watson, Caleb Greenland and S. Miles Green were appointed to select and purchase a site provided the people at the next annual election voted in favor of the erection of such house. The vote taken in accordance with the act resulted as follows: For the erection of a poor house, 1299. Against the purchase of site and building the house, 952. A farm of 202 acres, formerly the Lose farm, was selected in Shirley township near and adjoining the borough of Shirleysburg on its southern side. A large three-story brick building about 150 feet by 50 feet, barn and necessary outbuildings were erected. Most dissatisfaction arose as to the location and by vote authorized by act of Assembly it was decided not to sell the property, as follows: For the sale, 892. Against the sale, 2802. The act of 1850 provided for the election of three directors the first year and one yearly thereafter. HOME FOR ORPHANS AND FRIENDLESS CHILDREN. To relieve the distress of a few families in West huntingdon, a small house was rented at the corner of Sixteenth and Mifflin streets and the first inmate, a little sick girl, was 169 carried in on the evening of March 1st, 1881. Other children soon followed. Miss Carrie Miller, later Mrs. W. J. Swigart, became the first matron. After a month the family, numbering seven, removed to Eighteenth and Moore streets, occupying a small one story and a half house until the two-story edition was erected. Miss Elizabeth Howe succeeded Miss Miller. After several years in temporary quarters the children were removed to the present Home, Eighteenth and Oneida streets. Mrs. Susan Ressler, who had been an assistant to Miss Miller and Miss Howe, became matron upon the retirement of Miss Howe and continued her services for a period of seventeen years. Miss Emma Keeny is the present matron. The first president of the Home was Mr. Wm. Lewis, a most devout friend of little children. Mr. Lewis died in 1885 and was succeeded by K. A. Lovell, Esq. Mr. Lovell removed to Philadelphia and resigned in 1906, having served faithfully for over twenty years. Mr. Wm. Reed, the present incumbent, succeeded Mr. Lovell. It was in Mr. Reed's store that the idea of a Home was born. Except for the first few years J. R. Simpson, Esq., has been continuously treasurer. The institution is undenominational. Each church of the town elects one member of the Board of trustees. Over four hundred children have been received. Nearly two hundred and fifty have been placed in families. The object of the Home has been to give such temporary aid as is necessary to relieve the sufferings of children and the conditions of distressed parents, but all children permanently dependent are placed as early as possible in private families. The results attending this part of the work have been so satisfactory as to warrant extradorinary provision for its extension and prosecution. A fund of $25,000 is being raised to provide for supervision. The manner of receiving and caring for children, known as the "Huntingdon Idea," has received national recognition and was developed by Prof. David Emmert from his life study of the subject. 170 THE J. C. BLAIR MEMORIAL HOSPITAL. There is now being built, on land bordering on Warm Springs avenue, near Thirteenth street, in Huntingdon Borough, a hospital built and equipped with every modern appliance for the alleviation of sickness and distress. It is being erected to the memory of John Chalmers Blair, and, as its deed of gift states, "to be for the use of all, without preference as to religion or theory of medicine." This building and equipment has for its foundation the sum of $110,000 which amount has been presented to the trustees of the hospital by Mrs. Kate Fisher Blair. This amount may be supplemented by donations of lodges, societies and individuals who will endow special rooms and beds. In construction the building will be altogether fireproof with an exterior of white vitrified brick, stone trimming and tile roof. It will contain accommodations for forty patients at one time and will be supplied with every sanitary and surgical appliance that science can suggest. The sum of $60,000 will be expended for the building and site, and $50,000 used as an endowment. Its location, high above the town and river, ensures sunshine and fresh air for its patients and it will stand, for ages, a memorial to the kindly hands who built this, the greatest charity, Huntingdon ever knew. THE OLD MILLS. - Michael Cryder built the first grist mill in the vicinity of Huntingdon, on the west side of the Juniata above the upper end of the borough, about the year 1773. The old stone mill which occupied the site of Fisher and Miller's flouring mill on Penn street, was erected by Dr. Smith, proprietor of the town. Field notes in the possession of the compiler show that levels were taken in 1792 and 1793 for the proposed race and it is supposed that the mill was completed about the year last named. 171 POST OFFICES OF HUNTINGDON COUNTY Airydale. Aitch. Alexandria. 1. Aughwick Mills. Barree Forge. Birmingham. Blairs Mills. Broad Top. Calvin. Cassville. Charter Oak. Coalmont. Coles Summit. Colfax. Cora. Cottage. Decorum. Dudley. Eagle Foundry. East Broad Top Entrikin. Franklinville. Grafton. 1. Graysville. Huntingdon. 3. Jacobs. James Creek. McAlevys Fort. 1. McConnellstown. McNeal. Maddensville. Manor Hill. Mapleton Depot. 1. Meadow Gap. Mentzer. Mill Creek. Mount Union. Neelytown. Neff's Mills. Norrace. Nossville. Orbisonia. Pennsylvania Furnace. Petersburg. Pogue. Robertsdale. Rock Hill Furnace. Ronald. Salter. Saltillo. Sarah. Saulsburg. Selea. Shade Gap. Shade Valley. Shirleysburg. 1. Shy Beaver. Spruce Creek. Three Springs. 2. Todd. Trough Creek. Union Furnace. Valley Point. Warriors Mark. 2. Water Street. Nore - Numbers to the right of names indicate numbers of R. F. D. routes. 172 NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS. - Michael Duffy was the pioneer printer. On the 4th day of July, 1797, he issued the first number of The Huntingdon Courier and Weekly Advertiser, from a building that stood, until destroyed by fire October 29th, 1873, at No.'s 305 and 37 Allegheny street. In 1810 William R. Smith and Moses Canan began, and continued for about a year, the publication of a monthly magazine entitled The Huntingdon Literary Museum. Many other newspapers were published from time to time and then ceased to exist. Those that survive in Huntingdon borough are: The Huntingdon Journal - First number issued Sept. 23, 1835. Now the New Era journal, weekly, and The Daily New Era - First number issued Apil 1, 1907. J. Kennard Johnson, editor. The Huntingdon Globe - First number issued Nov. 24, 1843. Howard E. Butz, editor. The Huntingdon Monitor - First number issued Aug. 30, 1862. J. C. Dimm, editor. The Semi Weekly News - First number issu3d Mar. 10, 1874. Kimber Cleaver, editor. THE GREAT FRESHETS in the Juniata were memorable events for the height to which the waters rose and the destruction of property that ensued. The most remarkable occurred as follows: 1. The "Pumpkin Flood," about November, 1810. 2. The "Big Break," Tuesday, June 19, 1838. 3. Friday, Oct. 8, 1847. 4. Wednesday, July 16, 1851. 5. "Johnstown Flood," June 1, 1889 POPULATION OF HUNTINGDON BOROUGH 1792; 85 families. 1810; 676 1820; 848 1830; 1222 1840; 1145 1850; 1470 1860; 1890 1870; 3034 1880; 4125 1890; 5729 1900; 6053 1909; (Estimated) 7200 173 CHIEF BURGESSES. 1796 Benjamin Elliot. 1797 " " 1798 " " 1799 John Blair 1800 Richard Smith. 1801 John Miller. 1802 John Miller. 1803 Andrew Henderson. 1804 " " 1805 1806 " " 1807 " " 1808 William Steel. 1809 Andrew Henderson. 1810 " " 1811 James Saxton. 1812 " " 1813 " " 1814 " " 1815 Robert Allison. 1816 William R. Smith. 1817 Robert Allison. 1818 Peter Swoope. 1819 Robert Allison. 1820 Benjamin R. Stevens. 1821 Robert Allison. 1822 " " 1823 " " 1824 " " 1825 Henry Miller. 1826 Robert Allison. 1827 Benjamin R. Stevens. 1828 James Coffey. 1829 Jacob Miller. 1830 Robert Allison. 1831 James M. Bell. 1832 William Williams. 1833 Jacob Miller. 1834 Peter Swoope, Jr. 1835 John Hildebrand. 1836 John Whittaker, Jr. 1837 James Gwin. 1838 " " 1839 Christian Couts. 1840 John Glazier. 1841 Thomas P. Campbell. 1842 David Snyder. 1843 James Saxton, Jr. 1844 Jacob Hoffman. 1845 Thomas Fisher. 1846 William Dorris, Jr. 1847 John Bumbaugh, Sr. 1848 Abner Isenhour. 1849 William Rothrock. 1850 Abraham McCoy. 1851 John Flenner. 1852 Edward C. Summers. 1853 Thomas P. Campbell. 1854 John O. Murray. 1855 Theodore H. Cremer. 1856 Abraham McCoy. 1857 John Simpson. 1858 John Whittaker. 1859 James Gwin. 1860 Daniel Africa. 1861 A. Willoughby. 1862 A. W. Benedict. 1863 Edmund Snare. 1864 Graffus Miller. 1865 Samuel T. Brown. 1866 James Saxton. 1867 Edward C. Summers. 1868 Henry Glazier. 1869 Graffus Miller. 174 CHIEF BURGESSES (Continued). 1870 Alex. Elliot. 1871 J. Simpson Africa. 1872 John O. Murray. 1873 James H. boring. 1874 Richard Langdon. 1875 Horatio G. Fisher. 1876 William Dorris. 1877 K. Allen Lovell. 1878 Nathan B. Corbin. 1879 David P. Gwin. 1880 William Lewis. 1881 David Blair. 1882 Phillip Brown. 1883 Augustus Letterman. 1884 Caleb C. North. 1885 Geo. W. Garrettson. 1886 H. Dill Strickler. 1887 Stewart Allen. 1888 John A. Port. 1889 J. C. Blair. 1890 Wilson B. Watson. 1891 A. Letterman. 1892 J. C. Blair. 1893 David S. Black. 1894 Under Act. of 1893. J. F. Schock. 1895 J. F. Schock. 1896 " " 1897 R. A. Orbison. 1898 " " 1899 " " 1900 Chas. C. Brewster. 1901 " " 1902 " " 1903 H. W. Petriken. 1904 " " 1905 " " 1906 Geo. W. Fisher. 1907 " " 1908 " " 1909 R. W. Jacobs. BOROUGH OFFICERS. - 1909 CHIEF BURGESS - R. W. Jacobs COUNCILMEN. A. A. Bollinger. C. R. McCarthy. J. B. Boring. Nevin Peightal. J. H. Lang. Xopher Beck. Jno A. Port. F. G. Grimison. C. E. Doyle. H. W. Nophsker. J. G.Dell. T. A. Westbrook. Secretary - David S. Black. Treasurer - R. J. Mattern. Borough Engineer - J. Murray Africa. Attorney for Council - C. c. Brewster. Street Commissioner - Jno. Flasher. Sexton of Cemetery - John Edelblute. Chief of Fire Dep't - Gilbert Greenburg. Chief of Police - W. F. Bathurst 175 FIRE DEPARTMENT. - As early as 1801, the Borough authorities provided fire ladders and hooks to be kept at the market house. All householders were required to procure and keep hanging in the outer hall, a leathern fire-bucket. Some of them which are still in existance, were neatly made and had the owner's name and the conventional-letters H. B. (Huntingdon Borough) handsomely painted thereon. The Borough was divided into fire districts, for each of which a director was appointed by the Council. In 1804, Philip Mason, of Philadelphia, built a hand engine for the borough. It arrived here and was housed early in 1805. It did not then bear any distinctive name but by universal consent it soon became known as the "Juniata." An organization soon after effected, to whos charge the engine was committed, bore the title of the ACTIVE FIRE COMPANY. This company was yet in existance as late as 1830, but was soon after disbanded. The Juniata Fire Engine Company was formed in June, 1852, but in a very few years went the way of its predecessor. The Juniata Fire Company No. 2, was organized Sept. 2nd, 1873. The "Phoenix" engine was purchased and arrived here late in the fall of 1840. Its management was committed to the Phoenix Fire Company. In 1874 the engine was removed from the First to the Fourth ward, where a new and efficient company managed it until it was displaced by a steamer. HUNTINGDON FIRE COMPANY NO. 1 was organized December 31, 1872, and incorporated January 14, 1874. It took charge of the Silsby steamer that arrived Thursday, Jan. 2, 1873, and in November, 1880, relinquished it for a La France steamer that had been purchased by the Borough authorities. The Silsby steamer was then committed to the charge of the Phoenix company which then was designated Huntingdon Fire company, No. 2. HUNTINGDON FIRE COMPANY NO. 2 was organized September 2, 1873. It took charge of the old 176 Phoenix hand engine which it relinquished in November, 1880, for the Silsby steamer which had been used by Fire Company No. 1. This company has a well furnished engine house on Thirteenth street, between Washington and Mifflin streets. THE INDEPENDENT HOOK AND LADDER COMPANY, NO. 1, was organized Oct. 20, 1873. Their truck and ladders arrived about the middle of March, 1874. The engine and Council House, Nos. 508 and 510 Washington street, accomodates the steamer, Huntingdon No. 1, and the Hook and Ladder truck and the Juniata hand-engine. On the second floor are rooms for meetings of the Borough Council and the fire organizations. The building is provided with a tower in which is suspended a large fire alarm bell. By a connection with the Central Telephone office, alarms can be struck from the office. Steamer Huntingdon No. 2 is housed in an engine house No. 2, on the northern side of Thirteenth street between Washington and Mifflin streets. The company has a meeting room on the second floor. The tower contains a fire alarm bell. The fire organizations are under the direction of a chief engineer chosen annually by representatives of the several companies and approved by the Borough Council. BLAIR PARK. This gift of John Chalmers Blair to the people of Huntingdon was made in 1897 by Mrs. Kate F. Blair, pursuant to a written memorandum left by Mr. Blair, and is located in the eastern part of Huntingdon, extending up and along the easterly bank of Standing Stone Creek about three miles. The many natural beauties have been supplemented by a system of macadamized roads, rustic pavilions and seats. Its boundaries are marked by hedges and stone walls. Many attractive flowers, trees and shrubs ornament the beds and borders of the beautiful lawns and "beauty spots," and a substantial wall protects the grounds from 177 inroads by flood from the creek. Most of the land is covered by a beautiful natural growth of trees and shrubs and a fine spring of clear, cold water wells up near the centre of the park. A bronze tablet, on the stone column at the right of the entrance, bears the following inscription: "The Blair Park. The gift of J. C. Blair to Huntingdon Borough, June, 1897. Huntingdon Park and Road Association, Trustees." Reasonable regulations forbid destruction of plants and trees. Through the generosity of Mrs. Kate F. Blair additions to its beauties are being made from year to year and the Park and Road Association have assisted her efforts until right of way has been secured along the creek above the park nearly to "Black Bridge" and a roadway built which can be used by nature lovers who drive, walk, or bicycle, during the pleasant months. Many a tired mortal has found rest and relief amid its shady seclusion and appreciated by word and pen the noble motives which actuated its founder. LIGHT, WATER, TELEPHONE, ETC. The Huntingdon Gas Company was incorporated March 14, 1857, and on the 29th day of August of that year commenced to supply gas to the citizens. The works are situated between Allegheny and Penn streets, east of Second street. The Huntingdon Electric Light Company was chartered March 19, 1886. The number of arc lamps in Huntingdon Borough is 75. The Huntingdon Gas Company and The Huntingdon Electric Light Company were merged into a new company in October, 1902, under the name of the Huntingdon Gas Company. The Huntingdon Water Company (Limited), formed in 1885, constructed works during that and the following year, taking water for the supply of fire hydrants and private consumers from Standing Stone creek opposite 178 the eastern end of Washington street. Forty-four fire hydrants have been placed at convenient points throughout the borough. The Huntingdon Exchange of the Bell Telephone Company was established in April, 1881. The whole number of telephones connected with this exchange is 629. Juniata Water & Water power Co. Incorporated June 15, 1904. Wilson Electric Co. Incorporated September 11, 1905. Raystown Water Power Co. Incorporated March 30, 1906. ELECTRICAL POWER. - Huntingdon has become one of the most important centres in Pennsylvania for furnishing cheap electrical power generated by water power. The town is lighted all night by 2000 candle power arc lamps at a cost of only $41.50 to the Borough per lamp for a year. For two years the Juniata Water & Water Power Co., which has constructed a large dam in the Juniata river two miles above the town, has been furnishing electricity through the Huntingdon Gas Co. to consumers for light, heat and power purposes and has an output of 5,000 horse power. The Wilson Electric Co. has also brought its current from Alexandria, 7 miles distant, and is supplying the Juniata Valley Electric Street Railway Co., the Huntingdon Water Supply Co., and a number of manufactories with power as well as providing light and heat. It has a capaity of 10 horse-power. The Raystown Water Power Co. is now constructing a large dam in the Raystown Branch about 7 miles from Huntingdon, which will be completed by Jan. 1, 1910, and will have a capacity of 5000 horse-power. The use of electricity for power which has become so cheap in comparison with that of steam has had the effect of throwing into disuse the old steam plants and today only three of our manufacturers are using steam. 179 The cheapness of the electrical power furnished at Huntingdon has already attracted the attention of manufacturers from a distance and plans are being made for the erection of new manufacturies to be run by electrical power. In a short space of time our town will be filled with factories set humming by the use of electricity. 180 JUNIATA VALLEY ELECTRIC STREET RAILWAY COMPANY. - This Street Railway Company was incorporated Aug. 8th, 1906, and constructed its line of railway soon thereafter. The road as now constructed begins at the Pennsylvania R. R. station, thence up 4th street to Washington, thence up Washington to 11th, thence east on 11th to Moore, thence north on Moore to Juniata College at 17th street. Its cars commenced running on the 3rd day of June, 1907, and has proved a great convenience to the citizens of the town who have shown such an appreciation of the enterprise through their use of the road, as to make it a financial success from its very inception. Plans are now under way for the consolidation of this company with the Big Valley electric Railway Co., extending to Kishacoquillas Valley and the Juniata Valley Electric Railway Co., extending to Mount Union. When these two latter roads are built Huntingdon will become a trolley centre. BANKS. - On the 16th day of April, 1813, the first banking institution, a limited partnership, was organized under the name of the president and directors of the Huntingdon Bank. Under the act of March 21, 1814, it became a bank of issue. Business was commenced in the stone house at the northeastern corner of third and Allegheny streets. A brick building was erected for the accommodation of the corporation at No. 326 Penn street, and occupied by it. After an existence of about eighteen years, the institution was closed and the borough remained without banking facilities until the banking house of Bell, Garrettson & Co., was opened at the northwestern corner of Penn and Fourth streets. On the 22nd day of July, 1863, it was merged into the First National Bank, No. 31. A part of the property 181 of the old Huntingdon Bank was purchased and the house, No. 326 Penn street erected. It now occupies 505-507 Penn street. The capital is $100,000. Thursday is discount day. The officers are: President, Wm. Phillips; Vice Pres., John Phillips; Cashier, Oscar Irwin; Directors, Thos. F. Bailey, Carl M. Gage, E. McC. Africa, Harry W. Koch, John Dorris, Wm. H. Sweet, Wm. Phillips and John Phillips. The Union National Bank is situated on the northwest corner of Fifth and Penn streets. It was organized July 20, 1869, as successor to the banking house of John Bare & Co., which was opened in October, 1866. The Capital is $50,000. Discount day, Tuesday. The officers are: President, J. C. Hazlett; Vice President, John White; Cashier, R. J. Mattern; Directors, J. C. Hazlett, Thomas E. Africa, John White, E. A. Miller, R. J. Mattern, John Langdon and Edward M. Greene. The Huntingdon Bank, located at No. 309 Third street, was opened November 15th, 1881. C. H. Glazier, cashier. The Standing Stone National Bank was organized January 11, 1902, and occupies 412 Penn street. The officers are: President, John Brewster; Vice President, H. B. Brumbaugh; Cashier, A. J. McCahan; Directors John Brewster, H. B. Brumbaugh, John Gillam, L. M. Hagerty, J. H. Brumbaugh, H. B. Dunn, A. J. McCahan and Geo. W. Sanderson. The Grange Trust Company was opened January 2, 1908, and occupies No. 425 Penn street. The officers are: President, W. F. Hill; Vice Presidents, T. O. Milliken, Dr. W. T. Schaeffer; Cashier and Treasurer, Chas. F. Bell; Trust Officer, J. E. Smucker; Directors, J. N. Knode, Chas. T. Evans, W. J. Hunter, Harry W. Read, J. O. Martin, W. H. Stonebreaker, G. W. Fisher, J. E. SMucker, T. O. Milliken, W. T. Schaeffer, M. L. Shenefelt, John G. McHenry and W. F. Hill. 182 THE J. C. BLAIR COMPANY. - The history of the J. C. Blair Company is intimately connected with that of Huntingdon as a part of the business world. Its founder, John Chalmers Blair, engaged in the business of books and stationery in the borough between the years of 1865 and 1878. During the summer of the year last named, believing that writing and print papers could be marketed to better advantage when put up in tablet form, as against the loose, or folded, sheets, he made a number of varieties as an experiment. Knowing the power of printer's ink, these pioneer tablets were advertised to the stationery trade, and met with a cordial reception. A little later on, noticing some colored lithographic signs in a furniture store window, he conceived the idea of adding a decorated cover to the here-to-fore plain tablets. Trying out this plan proved a great success and the little store room "in the Diamond" at 422 Penn street was abandoned in 1881 for the Presbyterian church building at Sixth and Penn. Out-growing this, in turn, the large five-story brick building at Sixth and Allegheny streets was built and occupied during 1884. Then the foundation and a part of the walls of the old church were included, during 1889, in the eight-story brick building which covers one hundred foot frontage on Penn street. The busi- 183 ness, still increasing, having out-grown the original conditions, the founder, with a desire to perpetuate this monument of his business zeal and ability, created the J. C. Blair Company, by incorporating under the laws of Pennsylvania on May 22nd, 1891. Thus providing for future developments and enlargements of the business. The wisdom of this course was shown, when, after a long illness, its founder, business man, scholar and philanthropist, passed from this life on June 23rd, 1897, leaving as a legacy to his employees, stock to the total amount of $68,000.00 proportioned according to their positions and the length of time employed. The officers of the company, advancing in regular order, took up the work of their friend and benefactor and, with the memories of his wise council ever before them, carried the business forward. Building after building was added, the most modern machinery was installed, electricity took the place as the most efficient and economic power, in fact, every possible care was taken to keep the factory up to the progressive spirit of modern manufacturing perfection. The upbuilding of the entire plant has been so marked that it is pointed out today as one of the best examples of industrial economics and it ranks with the greatest corporations of the world as a model of systematic business management, sanitary cleanliness, fire prevention and the protection of employees. Essentially a Huntingdon enterprise, Huntingdon men and Huntingdon money, its welfare is closely connected with our town and its long career of successful business enterprise has made the name of Huntingdon favorable known throughout the civilized world. THE BLUE JUNIATA. By Mrs. Marion Dix Sullivan. Who was born in 1802, in Boscawen, N. H., near the beautiful Merrimac River. Her father was Col. Timothy Dix, and she was a sister of Gen. John A. Dix, of New York. She died in 1860. Wild roved an Indian girl, Bright Alfarata, Where sweep the waters of the Blue Juniata; Swift as an antelope, Through the forest going, Loose were her jetty locks In wavy tresses flowing. Gay was the mountain song, Of bright Alfarata, Where sweep the waters Of the Blue Juniata, Strong and true my arrows are, In my painted quiver, Swift goes my light canoe, Adown the rapid river. Bold is my warrior, good. The love of Alfarata, Proud waves his snowy plume Along the Juniata; Soft and low he speaks to me And then his war-cry sounding, Rings his voice in thunder loud, From height to height resounding. So sang the Indian girl, Bright Alfarata, Where sweep the waters Of the Blue Juniata; Fleeting years have born away The voice of Alfarata, Still sweeps the river on, The Blue Juniata. A RESPONSE TO THE BLUE JUNIATA. By Rev. CYRUS CORT, D.D., 1865, while Pastor of the Reformed Church, Altoona, Pa. The Indian girls has ceased to rove Along the winding river; The warrior Brave that won her love, Is gone, with bow and quiver. The valley rears another race, Where flows the Juniata; Where maidens rove, with paler face Than that of Alfarata. Where pine trees moan her requiem wail, And blue waves, too, are knelling, Through mountain gorge and fertile vale, A louder note is swelling. A hundred years have rolled around, The Red man has departed, The hills give back a wilder sound Than warrior's whoop e'er started. With piercing neigh, the iron steed Now sweeps along the waters, And bears with more than wild deer speed The white man's sons and daughters. The products, too, of every clime Are borne along the river, Where roved the Brave in olden time, with nought but bow and quiver. And swifter than the arrow's flight, From trusty bow and quiver, The messages of love and light Now speed along the river. The engine and the telegraph Have wrought some wondrous changes. Since rang the Indian maiden's laugh Among the mountain ranges. 'Tis grand to see what art hath done, The world is surely wiser; What triumphs white man's skill hath won with steam, the civilizer. But stilll, methinks, I'd rather hear The song of Alfarata, Had rather chase the fallow deer Along the Juniata. For fondly now my heart esteems This Indian song and story; Yea, grander far old nature seems, Than are in all its glory. Roll on, thou classic Keystone stream, Thou peerless little river; Fulfill the post's brightest dream, And be a joy forever. As generarions come and go, Each one their part repeating, Thy waters keep their constant flow, Still down to ocean fleeting. And while thy blue waves seek the sea, Thou lovely Juniata, Surpassing sweet thy name shall be, For sake of Alfarata.