Jerauld County, SD History .....Chap 18, 19; Part 2 
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Chapter 18.

   The first month of the year 1886 was one of intense cold. The average 
temperature was seven degrees below zero. The first frost of the preceding 
autumn had come on the morning of the first of September and been followed by 
cold weather during November, though December had been mild. February, 1886, was 
also a month of zero weather, but on the 10th of March it turned warm and spring 
weather came on rapidly.

   Seeding was done early and the rains were frequent and copious. Crop 
prospects were never better than during the months of May and June. Ducks were 
nesting in the numerous lakes and ponds scattered over the county.

   On the morning of the 4th of July the wind changed to a little west of south 
and by noon was blowing a gale. Through the afternoon and all night the wind 
continued, gradually becoming warmer. On the morning of the 5th the air was 
filled with particles of dust that gave it a brownish appearance, and by noon 
the wind was coming in gusts of air hot as the blasts from a furnace. People who 
went out of doors protected their faces from the heat and often turned from the 
wind to recover their breath. The air was heated to suffocation. Women and 
children found refuge from the hot air in basements and storm cellars. No one 
had even experienced anything like it before.

   By the night of the 2nd day of the storm all vegetation had turned yellow and 
was becoming crisp and brittle as though dried and baked in a hot oven. The 
storm of hot winds lasted three days. When it was over the crops were dead, and 
almost white. None would yield enough of grain to pay the cost of harvest. The 
simoon had been as destructive as the locusts that a few years before had 
devastated western Iowa and Minnesota and eastern Kansas and Nebraska. The 
prarie grass had while standing been turned into uncut hay. The water in the 
lakes and ponds had disappeared leaving the beds dry and dusty.

   Those three days of hot winds were a veritable calamity to the settlers. The 
crops upon which they had depended were utterly destroyed. It became necessary 
to borrow money to tide them over until another harvest. The money could be 
obtained only at the small private banks, of which there were one or two in 
every village. When they applied for loans the people were astounded to find 
that they must give a chattel mortgage upon property many times the value of the 
loan, and must pay interest at the rate of from three to six per cent a month. 
In addition to that the money lender had a right to take the property at any 
time he "deemed himself insecure." From the effects of the storm of hot air the 
settlers would have recovered could they have borrowed money .at a reasonable 
rate of interest, but from the effect of the loans, at the interest rate they 
had to pay, recovery was impossible. Some men there were who did a legitimate 
banking business, but their capital was limited. The unscrupulous men who 
charged the exorbitant rates of interest did more to impoverish and dishearten 
the early settlers than all the climatic conditions combined. These were the men 
who intensified the hard times that for years hung like the black pall of 
dispair over the prairies of Dakota.

   In the summer of 1886 a cemetery association was organized at Alpena and a 
burial place selected and purchased southeast of the village. This plat is now 
owned and cared for by the I. O. O. F. of Alpena.

   A mail route between Wessington Springs and Alpena was established in the 
summer of 1886 with W. S. Corothers as carrier.

   A change of postmasters occurred in Alpena in 1886. Mr. W. L. Arnold taking 
the post office in place of D. F. Royer.

   Rev. Geo. F. Bilber was appointed by the conference to the Alpena M. E. 
Church. Oct. 18th. 1886, but failed to fill the appoinment. The church was 
supplied by Rev. J. G. Campbell until the appointment of W. S. Underwood Oct. 
19th the following year, who remained until 1889.

   The ministers who have succeeded Mr. Underwood to the present time have been:

   N. P. Steves—Oct. 19, 1887 to Oct. 11. 1888; (served with Mr. Underwood, 
supplying the country appointments).

Thos. Carson—Oct. 1889 to Oct. 1890.

T. H. Hendricks—Oct. 1890 to Oct. 1893.

J. D. Allison—Oct. 1893 to Oct. 1895.

H. S. Coon—Oct. 14, 1895 to Oct. 1898.

R. H. Stokes—Oct. 15, 1898 to Oct. 1900.

W. B. Stewart—Oct. 17, 1900 to Oct. 18, 1902.

Jas. T. Gurney-—Oct. 5, 1902 to Oct. 18, 1903.

Pierce O. Bunt—Oct. 18. 1903 to Oct. 21, 1907.

John Kaye—Oct. 21, 1907.

   Rev. Wm. Paganhart, who had been preaching for the church at Waterbury during 
the year ending October 23rd, 1886, was transferred by the conference to the 
church at Wessington Springs for the year ending Oct. 19, 1887. The ministers of 
the M. E. Church at Wessington Springs since Mr. Paganhart, have been:

Charles Vessey, Oct. 1887 to Oct. 1890;
Joseph Elgon Norvell. Oct. 1890 to _____; 
J. Wesley Stokesbury, Oct. 1895 to April 1896; 
J. N. Smith, April 1896 to Oct. 1896; 
James Clullow, Oct. 1896 to Oct. 1897; 
S. H. Chappell, Oct. 1897 to Oct. 1899; 
G. D. Brown. Oct. 1899 to Oct. 1904; 
J. E. Crowther, Oct. 1904 to Oct. 1906; 
and J. M. Tibbets. Oct. 1906 to present time.

   The second pool and billiard hall in Alpena was run by Thos. Baldwin, in a 
building erected by him in 1886, until the summer of 1887. Mr. Baldwin then went 
to Minneapolis, where he still lives. In 1890 Geo. H. Arne went into mercantile 
business in this building and remained here until he moved out in 1894 taking 
his stock with him. In 1894 J. R. Milliken bought a stock of goods of J. H. 
Vessey at Wessington Springs and moved it to the room vacated by Arne. About a 
year later Milliken sold his stock to H. A. Miller, of Chery township, who moved 
it back to Wessington Springs. The next occupant of this building was C. C. 
Isenbuth, of Huron, in 1896. He sold to Franzwa in 1902. Franzwa enlarged the 
store room, raised the roof, making the building a story and a half high, and 
placed in front of it the first cement walk laid in the town. A year later 
Franzwa sold his stock to A. N. Louder, who conducted the business until 1905, 
when he sold to Messrs. Miles & Hunter. Mr. Franzwa repurchased the stock and 
building in 1906, and built an addition onto the east side of the store room. 
The building is now occupied by Mr. Schamber, son of a former state treasurer.

   On November 1st, 1886, Mrs. Barber and Miss Litchfield sold the hotel in 
Alpena to Ray Barber, who remained as proprietor until May 29, 1894. Mrs. Barber 
and Miss Litchfield then took charge of it again and retained control until 
Sept. 1st, 1901. It was then sold to Chas. Miller, who run it about a year and 
sold to J. T. Fleming. A year later Mr. Miller again took the hotel, but in 
March, 1903, sold it to Mrs. A. B. Smith. February 1st. 1905, Mrs. Smith sold 
the property to W. W. Hillis. In the spring of 1908 Hillis sold it to Mrs. 
Niested of Huron.

   In the spring of 1886. Wm. Voss sold his interest in the lumber yard at 
Alpena to Chas. R. and D. S. Manwarning. They conducted the business during the 
next ten years and on Aug. 21st, 1898, sold the property to J. D. Chamberlain. 
In 1901, F. D. Anderson, the present owner, purchased it from Mr. Chamberlain.

   The first bank in Alpena was a private concern managed by D. F. Royer, who 
did the business at a counter behind the usual screen in the back end of the 
front room of his drug store. This was in 1886.

   In the fall of this year W. L. Arnold gave up mercantile business in Alpena 
and sold his stock to J. R. Milliken, retaining the position of postmaster. It 
was at the northwest corner of Main and 2nd Streets. Milliken kept the store 
until the next year and then sold the stock to Roth Bros., of Wessington 
Springs. They continued the business until 1888 in that room and then went into 
the new I. O. O. F. building across the street. The Arnold lot and building was 
purchased by the Presbyterian church organization in 1892 and used by them for a 
meeting house for nine years. In 1904 J. R. Milliken and J. D. Chamberlain kept 
a general store in this building, but in the spring of 1885 sold a part of their 
stock of goods to J. H. Creighton of Wessington Springs, and the balance to Mrs. 
L. W. Castleman, who continues the business at the present time.

   The Jerauld County Agricultural Society had a meeting on the 2nd day of 
January, 1886, at which they reelected Mr. B. G. Cummings, president, and R. 
Vandervene, vice-president, H. J. Wallace, secretary, and W. J. Williams, 
treasurer.

   On January 2Oth a brass band was organized in Wessington Springs. A. E. 
Turrill, leader. The other members of the band were Al Sturgis. drum major, Jake 
Rosenthall. Augustin La Point, G. R. Bateman, W. I. Bateman, Ed Campbell, Bert 
Campbell, Omar Schryock, Chas. Schryock. Tommy Schryock, Geo. Wicks, Ed Andrew 
and Will B. McDonald.

   Several changes were made in the management of the newspapers of the county 
during 1886. D. F. Royer became the owner of the Jerauld Co. Journal, McDonald 
and Bateman sold the Wessington Springs Herald to T. L. Blank on the 5th of 
February.

   O. P. Hull became owner of the Waterbury Messenger, successor to the 
Waterbury News. N. J. Dunham became editor of the Jerauld County Journal April 
1st.

   B. B. Blosser, who had been a compositor on the Woonsocket Times for several 
years, bought the True Republican Dec. 10, 1886, and for several years made it 
the leading paper of the county.

   At Waterbury the general store of C. L. Austin closed on Dec. 15, 1886. About 
the same time T. H. Null moved his law office to Wessington Springs from 
Waterbury. During the same month Delos Klink and F. G. Vessey bought the 
implement business from Vessey Bros., Ransom & Co.

   On June 10th, 1886, L. N. Loomis rented to Jake Rosenthal lot 22 in block 4, 
Alpena, at $5.00 per month for use as a meat market, lease to take effect June 
15th. This was the first market of the kind in the town.

   Since Rosenthal the meat market business in Alpena has been controlled in 
succession by Ed. Hinchliff, J. J. Hillis, Geo. Marsten & J. Venables, John 
Woods (who put up the building since used as a market), Andrew Mercer and his 
son Robert, W. H. McMillan & John Chamberlain, W. H. McMillan, L. W. Castleman, 
L. W. Castleman & C. C. Rohr, C. C. Rohr, and F. Mann, who took possession March 
25, 1908.

   In 1886 a masonic lodge was organized at Wessington Springs. The number of 
the lodge was 87 and the name "Frontier." The charter was granted June 10th. The 
charter members were:

Chas. W. McDonald, W. M. 
Cleveland T. Hall, S. W. 
W. J. Williams, J. W. 
J. E. Sullivan, Treasurer. 
E. G. Williams, Secretary. 
I. H. French, S. D. 
J. T. Ferguson, J. D. 
A. S. Seals, Tyler. 
M. A. Shaw. 
E. V. Miles.

   The first new member of the masonic lodge at Wessington Springs was O. E. 
Williams. The present membership numbers 42.

Chapter 19.

   Jefferson Sickler took the oath of office as a county commissioners on the 
4th day of January, 1887. Following the precedent set by preceding commissioners 
the outgoing board settled with the county treasurer, before Mr. Sickler was 
sworn in. Ever since then the settlement has been made by the new board.

   The new board was organized by the election of Mr. L. G. Wilson as chairman.

   Mr. Johnston, the outgoing superintendent, had received $1514.75 as fees and 
salary during the two years of his term, certainly not a large compensation, but 
the new board on the 5th of January reduced the salary of that office to $100 
yer year.

   The True Republican was made the official paper of the county on condition 
that the paper should publish the minutes of the board and all notices of board 
meetings free of charge. The legislature then in session passed a law requiring 
the appointment of three official papers, and on the 5th of April the Jerauld 
County Journal at Alpena and The Jerauld County Messenger, at Waterbury, were 
also made official papers, without the aforesaid conditions.

   In January 1887 several townships moved for civil township organization. The 
petition in all but one (Blaine), were granted and elections called for February 
1st in Franklin, Marlar, Alpena, Crow, Anina, Chery and Viola. The petition from 
Blaine township was denied because a remonstrance containing more names than 
were attached to the petition was filed before the board had acted on the 
petition. On the day that the petitions were granted the board ordered that all 
civil township names and boundaries should be the same as the school townships.

   The county clerk's salary was increased to $400 per year.

   About the first of April, 1887. the county treasurer desired to resign his 
office and asked the different members of the board to agree to appoint C. E. 
Thayer in his place. The commissioners refused and Mr. Williams did not resign.

   A petition was filed with the county board on the 4th day of April asking 
them to consent to a change in the place of trial in the Solomon case. After 
some hesitancy they granted the petition on assurance that the change would 
obviate the necessity of having a term of court in Jerauld county that year.

   April 5th the board declared mustard, Canada thistles and cockle burs to be 
noxious weeds.

   A petition signed by 471 voters was laid before the commissioners on July 7th 
asking that the question of "local option" be submited to the people at the next 
November election which was granted. A territorial law required that the matter 
of division of the territory be also submitted.

   On July 9th, 1887, H. M. Rice resigned his office of Probate Judge and C. E. 
Hackett was appointed to the vacancy. Mr. Hackett resigned his position as a 
county Justice and on the 14th Richard Dalton, of Blaine township, was appointed 
to that place.

   The time had now come for the semi-annual settlement with the treasurer, but 
the treasurer did not appear. It soon became known that W. J. Williams had 
absconded. The commissioners took possession of the office. They found in the 
safe $189.74. The deputy treasurer, Mary Williams, sister of the treasurer, gave 
the board checks for the amount in the local bank, which was $415.00. The 
shortage was estimated at about $4,500.

   When the excitement incident to this affair had abated a little the 
commissioners declared the office of treasurer vacant and each member of the 
board proposed a candidate. Mr. Knudtson nominated J. M. Wheeler, of Blaine 
township, Mr. Sickler proposed H. A. Peirce, of Harmony township, while the 
chairman brought forward the name of H. J. Wallace, of Chery. This occurred on 
the 9th of July. At the next meeting, July 12th, the board elected Mr. Wallace 
county treasurer to succeed Williams.

   On July 13th the board published a statement showing the financial condition 
of the county. The public debt above the amount due from unpaid taxes, etc., was 
$10,153.27.

   On the 19th of July Mr. Wallace resigned his position as county surveyor and 
B. R. Shimp was appointed to the vacancy.

   The tax levy was made as follows on the 5th of September:

   County school 2 mills. County bridge 1 mill, county road 1 mill, sinking fund 
4 mills and county general 6 mills.

   The territorial tax in 1887 was three and six-tenths mills and in Jerauld 
County one mill extra on cattle, horses and mules to pay for animals killed by 
the state veterinarian.

   A petition to increase the number of members of the board from three to five, 
signed by 137 voters was filed Sept. 6th, but was denied because of it not 
having a sufficient number of signers.

   The Agricultural society, at a meeting held January 4th, 1887, elected L. N. 
Loomis president and H. A. Miller secretary. At this time the society was about 
$90 in debt. To raise money with which to pay off its obligations the plan was 
proposed and adopted to have a public ball at the court house on Feb. 22nd. The 
move met with popular favor and $41 was secured for that purpose. On July 23rd 
the fair dates were fixed at Sept. 21, 22 and 23. The result was a successful 
exhibit, the society closing the year out of debt, and about ten dollars in the 
treasury. Several changes were made in the newspaper work of the county in 1887. 
The first was the purchase of the Waterbury Home-News from M. B. McNeil, in 
January by O. P. Hull, who changed the name of the paper to "Jerauld County 
Messenger." In October Mr. Hull bought the Buffalo County Sentinel, and about 
the middle of December he bought W. R. Pooley's Crow Lake Homesteader. Both 
papers were consolidated with the Messenger. April 1st, N. J, Dunham rented the 
Jerauld County Journal for one year.

   The real estate firm of Hudson & Heart at Waterbury dissolved partnership in 
March, 1887. Mr. Hudson retiring from the business.

   Among the churches, of course, some changes were made in the pastorates. The 
M. E. Conference in October appointed Rev. Chas. Vessey to Wessington Springs, 
W. H. Underwood to Alpena. and D. P. Olin to Waterbury. At the latter place C. 
V. Martin had been employed by the people to preach for six months, commencing 
in March.

   The County S. S. Association held its meeting at Wessington Springs, June 10.

   May 15th a Sunday School was organized at school house No. 3 in Pleasant 
township, with C. D. Coley. Supt.

   The Weslyan Methodists held their last quarterly meeting for that conference 
year in a large tabernacle erected at Lyndale, Sept. 17th and 18th.

   In Media township a union Sunday school was formed at the school house in 
district No. 2, Mr. A. S. Beals, Supt.

   Quarterly meeting services of the German M. E. Church were held at the 
Nesmith school house, May 29. 1887.

   A union Sabbath school was held at Dale Center also during the summer of 
1887.

   The people of Viola and Anina townships observed Arbor Day in 1887, by 
planting trees and laying out walks in Union cemetery.

   I have been unable to obtain the roll of the G. A. R. Post at Waterbury, but 
it is probable that at this time it contained the following members:

   A. E. White, H. Merwin, W. A. Rex, E. S. Waterbury, Geo. N. Price. J. M. 
Corbin, H. M. Rice, H. Herring, H. A. Jones, D. F. Jones, Henry Fogarty, James 
Long, A. S. Fordham, H. Herman, R. S. Russell, T. J. Hunt and Flavins Curtis.

   A creamery had been established in Woonsocket and the managers were anxious 
to secure the trade of Jerauld county. In May of 1887 an arrangement was made 
with Mr. A. B. Smart to gather cream from the county north, west and south of 
the Springs, and deliver it to the creamery wagon, which would come to 
Wessington Springs for it. This was continued through the summer and fall, the 
cream checks being cashed at the local stores. It was so successful that a move 
began Oct. 29th to establish an institution of that kind in Wessington Springs.

   In April, 1887, the Woodburn Hotel changed hands and Mr. A. B. Easter became 
proprietor. He continued in charge of it until about the 25th of Sept., when 
Geo. N. Price, of Waterbury, purchased the property and on Oct. 3rd, 1887, moved 
in and became resident of the county seat. About two weeks later Mr. Price 
rented the livery barn in Wessington Springs owned by E. B. Orr. The Wessington 
Springs-Woonsocket stage line had been purchased by Mr. Price, Aug. i6th, and A. 
G. Eberhart put on that line as driver. A new stage wagon with a canvas cover 
was provided and traveling over that line was made as comfortable as possible,—a 
long and tedious ride at the best. He was at this time owner of the Woonsocket 
line, the Crow Lake line, which became a daily line June 1st, the Miller line 
and Belford line. Rolla Cady drove the mail to Miller, Gehial Barnum to Crow 
Lake and Will Moss was on the Belford line. This was undoubtedly the severest 
winter, especially for stage drivers in the history of the county, yet Price was 
as reliable with his mail lines as was the famous Ben Halliday with his pony 
express. Storms were frequent in November and December, blocking the trains and 
obstructing the mails on all railroads.

   On October 1st the mail route between Alpena and Wessington Springs was 
discontinued.

   The first "special delivery" letter to arrive at the Wesington Springs P. O. 
came on Monday, Oct. 3, 1887. It was addressed to C. W. McDonald, clerk of 
courts, and was delivered by Postmaster Barrett.

   At Alpena, on June 8, 1887, L. N. Loomis rented Lot 2, Block 7, to F. W. 
Whitney at $75 per year for use as a post office, lease to take effect July 1st, 
at which time Mr. Whitney succeeded W. L. Arnold as postmaster.

   In the same year Geo. Brooks took Frank Wheelihan's place in the depot at 
Alpena. Since then the station agents at Alpena have been: M. Mellette, Renshaw, 
A. Amundson, C. G. Boom and Mr. Buechler.

   In the same year that Whitney took the Alpena post office J. A. Crawford, who 
with his blacksmith shop had been "holding down his claim," the SW of 3 in Dale 
township, for several months, moved his shop and his residence back to town 
again.

   In the summer of 1887, J. T. Johnston sold his Alpena grain warehouse to 
McMichael, who made an elevator of it in 1901. Soon after selling his warehouse 
Johnston became interested in baseball. He took charge of the team at Alpena and 
arranged for a game with the Woonsocket nine at Wessington Springs, during the 
fair week in September. An immense crowd gathered to see the game and cheered 
itself hoarse when the Alpena boys won the game.

   Some business changes were made in Wessington Springs. In the forepart of 
February Allan Ransom and J. H. Vessey, the founders of the business, drew out 
of the company, Vessey Bros., Ransom & Co. Ransom left the county, but Vessey 
took charge of the Crow Lake store as manager on a salary.

   In the last week in April, Mr. Blosser moved the True Republican office into 
the Drake building, Mr. Drake having moved to Faulkton.

   Mr. E. H. Ford put a chair in the front room of his building on the south 
side of Main street, and during two days each week run a barber shop.

   Geo. Bickford, of Woonsocket, opened a meat market in Wessington Springs Aug. 
8, 1887, but on the eighteenth of the same month sold out to Geo. R. Bateman and 
E. L. Hinchliff.

   It may not be generally known, yet it is a fact that Jerauld and Aurora 
counties in 1887 had a railroad company, all their own. Mr. Heintz of White 
Lake, was president, J. R. Milliken, of Alpena, was treasurer and T. H. Null, of 
Wessington Springs was secretary. The name of the road was "The Duluth, Huron 
and Pacific." The plan of the road was to connect with the Great Northern at 
Huron and cross the Missouri at Wheeler, in Charles Mix county.

   The building of the Great Northern into Huron started the C. M. & St. P. in 
the construction of a line south through Faulk, Hand, Jerauld and Aurora 
counties to connect with a line extending from Tripp in Hutchinson county to 
Armour in Douglas county. The contract for grading the line through Pleasant and 
Harmony townships was let to the Murray Bros., and the settlers thought their 
days of waiting for railroad facilities were over. The Great Northern built 
their line to Huron and stopped. The C. M. & St. P. built their line to Orient, 
in Hand county, and stopped. For twenty-two years those railroad companies have 
been watching each other, and the settlers have been watching them.

   On July 26, 1887, a gun club was organized at Wessington Springs with A. M. 
Mathias, president, and B. B. Blosser, secretary. The object was sport and 
enforcement of the game laws. Several contests were had with sportsmen from 
Alpena and Waterbury, but no one was prosecuted for violating the law.

   The new superintendent of schools began early in his term to organize the 
teachers of the county for professional work. In February, 1887, township 
institute work started in Pleasant township to which Media and Harmony were 
united for that purpose. They were continued once a month till the close of the 
school year.

   With the beginning of the next school year the work was revived and much 
enthusiasm put into the meetings which were held on the 3rd Saturday of each 
month. At the Trollope school house an institute began on the 19th of November 
for the teachers of Logan, Crow, Pleasant and Crow Lake townships. The next 
Saturday, Nov. 26th, the teachers of Viola, Anina, Media, and Wessington Springs 
were brought together for institute work at the Nesmith school house in Viola. 
Dec. 3rd an institute began at Dale Center school house for Alpena, Dale and 
Chery townships. At the northwest school house of Blaine township a similar 
meeting was arranged on Dec. 17th for Franklin and Blaine.

   On the 24th of October, a county teachers institute was opened at the court 
house in Wessington Springs with J. W. Harden as inctructor. Twenty-nine 
teachers were in attendance. The list follows:

   Mesdames Anna Tryon, C. A. Dunham, R. A. Gregory, Misses Mary Williams, 
Minnie Stanley, Nellie Jacobs, Ella Hewitt, Kate McLean, Addie Powell, May Hunt, 
Ella Allyn, Anna Peterson, Sarah Fish, Jennie Holcomb, Jeanette Richardson and 
Messrs. Fred Luke, J. A. Ford. T. L. White, B. R. Shimp, A. J. Miller, John R. 
Francis, W. L. Holden, John F. Wicks, John Holmes, A. H. Elliott, Chas. Beach, 
Geo. O. Williams, Fred Fisher, and N. E. Williams.

   On the evening of the first day of the institute a reception was given the 
teachers by the people of Wessington Springs. It was arranged by Mr. Binford and 
it was a very pleasant affair.

   The year 1887 was a year of abundant harvest. Some authentic reports were 
made of yields that were astonishing. There is a strip of country along the east 
part of Alpena township that has never suffered loss either from fire, or storm. 
In this favored region Chas. Bechtold raised a field of wheat that year that was 
threshed by Ferguson and Monroe, who produced their books to show that the yield 
was forty-three bushels per acre.



Additional Comments:
From "A History of Jerauld County; From the Earliest Settlement to January 15,
1909" by N. J. Dunham

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