Statewide County, SD History - Books .....Arickara 1925
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Book Title: Doane Robinson's Encyclopedia Of South Dakota

  Arickara. (Also called Rees. See also Arickara Migrations; Wars). This tribe
of Indians is of the Caddoan lingual group and is closely related to the Pawnee.
Remains of their settlements are found from the Niobrara River along the
Missouri Valley to the north line of the State. In earliest historic times they
were chiefly settled in the central part of the State, between the Big Bend of
the Missouri and the Cheyenne River. They were visited by the Verendrye Brothers
in March, 1743, at their fortified post near the present Fort Pierre. The
settlement in the Pierre region was protected by four strongly fortified posts,
one at the site of Old Fort George, one at Medicine Butte, a third at Oahe and
the fourth east of Hackberry Creek, eight miles below Pierre. These posts were
maintained as places of refuge, but the people lived in homes among their
gardens near the bank of the river, except when beset by their enemies. About
1750 the Sioux began a warfare against them to drive them, from their
habitations and finally in August, 1794, they succeeded in driving them from the
central part of the State after forty years of constant effort. Upon leaving the
central section the Arickara removed to Ashley Island, above Grand River and
there made a new settlement, well fortified. Here they were found by Trudeau in
1795 and they already had British traders residing with them, chiefly living
upon the west hank of the Missouri, six miles above Grand River, but with their
gardens on Ashley Island. In 1807 they refused to let Ensign Prior, return Big
White, a Mandan chief who accompanied Lewis and Clark to Washington; and on
Sept. 9, after a sharp battle, which resulted in three men killed and ten
wounded, the Ensign was compelled to turn back to St. Louis without
accomplishing the object of his trip. June 2, 1823, the Rees attacked the
trading party of General W. H. Ashley (q. v.) and killed thirteen men and
wounded ten others. For this treachery Colonel Leavenworth led U. S. troops
against them, destroyed their settlement and drove them from the region. They
afterward settled with the Mandans and are now domiciled at Fort Berthold
Agency, in North Dakota. See also War, 1, 3.

  History Arickara bv Chas. E. Deland. Hist. III, 170.


Additional Comments:
Extracted from:

DOANE ROBINSON'S
Encyclopedia of South Dakota
FIRST EDITION

Published by the Author
PIERRE
1925

COPYRIGHT BY DOANE ROBINSON. 1925

WILL A. BEACH PRINTING COMPANY
PRINTERS AND BINDERS
SIOUX FALLS


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