Unknown County, SD History - Books .....Agriculture 1925 ************************************************ Copyright. All rights reserved. http://www.usgwarchives.net/copyright.htm http://www.usgwarchives.net/sd/sdfiles.htm ************************************************ File contributed for use in USGenWeb Archives by: Joy Fisher sdgenweb@yahoo.com March 27, 2007, 9:36 pm Book Title: Doane Robinson's Encyclopedia Of South Dakota Agriculture. From immemorial time the Arickara Indians practiced agriculture in the Missouri Valley of central South Dakota, cultivating corn and vegetables, which supplied an important portion of their subsistence. Their methods were crude and not extensive, but by intensive cultivation they secured excellent results. Their chief implement was a hoe or spade made of the shoulder-blade of a buffalo. They understood the value of fertilization and employed it, using the refuse of their tables, manure from their horses and buffalo-dung gathered from the prairies. The Indians defeated their enemies, birds and insects, by living constantly in their garden-patches. Children with small willow boughs drove out the grasshoppers. Their principal products were corn, beans, pumpkins and squashes. To a more limited extent the Sioux cultivated corn and gardens. About the fur-posts gardens were cultivated and at Fort Pierre the traders maintained a considerable farm upon an island in the river, which still bears the name given it then, Farm Island. Sufficient corn was produced by traders and Indians to support a small mill at Ft. Pierre. In a small way farming was pursued by the settlers at Sioux Falls after 1857 and at Sioux Point, in Union County; but there was no extensive farming until the Indian lands lying between the Big Sioux and the Missouri were opened in July, 1859, and an agricultural population began settling upon them. From that date agriculture has been the chief industry of the State. Beginnings were small and progress was slow and discouraging, due to the unfamiliarity of the farmers with climate and soil, and especially because of the insect pests that hovered over the small fields. Under date of January 1, 1868, a Territorial legislative committee upon agriculture presented a statistical report. (House Journal, 1867-8, p. 316) which stated that the largest area cultivated by one farmer was thirty acres. For several years, ending about 1876, grasshoppers of the species popularly known as the army locust were very destructive, so that a score of years passed from the first agricultural settlement before farming was upon a safe basis. The Dakota boom was born of the great financial depression of 1873 and became active from 1877 onward, when a great population rapidly spread over the region east of the Missouri, chiefly engaged in farming. These settlers consisted of farmers from the Middle West, clerks, craftsmen and laborers, many of whom were inexperienced in agricultural pursuits. In the early years crops yielded abundantly. Small grains, chiefly wheat, were the main dependence. Contemporary with the reaction from the boom, a series of dry years came, the farming industry languished and many gave up in despair. At the date of admission to the Union agriculture in South Dakota was in a low state. During this period the co-operative creamery was introduced and in nearly every community one was established. Dairying became an important feature and was dependable, if not profitable. In the southern portions of the State corn was found to be a safe and profitable crop and its cultivation was greatly extended. This led to the introduction of pork-production, which has since been one of the important features of agriculture in the State. To a more limited extent farmers in the corn section fed beef-cattle. At the beginning of the new century South Dakota awoke to the consciousness that the per capita value of her agricultural products was greater than those of any other State, and with the exception of a very few years she has since maintained this pre-eminence. Through the acclimatization, of seed and varieties and improved methods of cultivation, corn-growing has spread over the State and has become the most important and profitable crop produced. The introduction of alfalfa has added to the diversification of agriculture and has made farming dependable in every section. Since agriculture is the chief industry, the State from the beginning has endeavored to protect and encourage the business, until recently chiefly through the activities and extension work of the State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. Some of these activities are through scientific experiments and demonstrations, seed testing, propagation of hardy alfalfa; maintenance of sub-stations for experimentation at Cottonwood, Eureka, Highmore and Vivian; endowment of annual corn and grain shows; the publication of bulletins for popular distribution, pertaining to agricultural problems; purchase and distribution, of approved hog cholera serum; assisting the horticultural society, poultry exhibitions, and the butter makers association; a. dairy expert, a state entomologist to combat destructive insects; an animal health laboratory; a soil survey; an agricultural and home economic extension: and for county supervision by co-operation in providing county agents to serve the farming public in their peculiar problems. The State likewise maintains a Department of Agriculture, which includes a livestock sanitary board, a bureau of marketing, and numerous other helpful activities; the State also sponsors the State fair, which is chiefly an agricultural exposition; the insurance of crops from damage by hail; and the provision for rural credits. For the fiscal year of 1924 there was paid from the State treasury the sum of $1,512,718.28 for the protection of agriculture. From the one crop methods of pioneer days South Dakota has widely diversified her agrciulture and to a considerable extent has adopted intensive methods. The following are the more important cereal productions: 1. Barley Barley is a standard and dependable crop, which came into wide cultivation thirty years ago and has maintained an equable production since. Under the prevailing practice this harvest precedes that of other grains, and it is left longer in the shock, where it receives weather-stains that reduce the grade, but do not injure the grain for feeding purposes. The crop of 1924 was 22,428,000 bushels valued at $14,353,000. 2. Corn This chief crop in our agriculture has been grown in South Dakota from time immemorial. It was the main dependence of the Arickara Indians; and many of their traditions, customs and ceremonials had to do with the cultivation and harvesting: of corn. The utmost care was taken in the preservation of seed and an Arickara would starve before he could be prevailed upon to eat "the mother ear," as the seed corn was called. Among the early homesteaders it was only an incidental crop. As late as 1900 it was thought that only small flint varieties could be grown in the northern counties; but careful breeding and acclimatization has made the dent varieties fairly dependable in every section. The following statement of the development of corn prdouction is from the U. S. Census and the findings of the U. S. Department of Agriculture: Acres Production (bushels) 1880 90,852 2,000,864 1890 753,309 16,572,798 1900 1,193,163 32,316,110 1910 2,037,658 55,558,737 1920 2,756,234 69,060,782 1921 (Dept. Agriculture) 111,336,000 1922 (Dept. Agriculture) 110,028,000 1923 (Dept. Agriculture) 145,176,000 1924 Dept. Agriculture 99,990,000 3. Flax Is extensively grown upon soil newly broken, the amount of new breaking largely determining the acreage of the crop in each year. It is of fine quality, climate and soil being well adapted to it. It does not suffer from 'wilt' here as in some sections. The yield for 1923 was 2,417,000 bushels bringing $5,249,000. In 1924, 4,299,000 bushels were produced, valued at $9,586,000. Thirty years ago an extensive market was found for flax fibre chiefly for upholstery, and many "flaxbrakes," were set up, some of them quite pretentious manufactories, but the business has dwindled to the point of extinction. 4. Oats Have been a leading field crop from pioneer days. The government figures for 1924 indicate 98,050,000 bushels, valued at $39,220,000. 5. Rye Is a small crop of secondary importance. Both, spring and fall rye are grown. In 1923, 6,417,625 bushels were marketed outside the State bringing a return of $4,492,337.50. The U. S. government's figures for 1924 are 2,956,000 bushels valued at $3,015,000. 6. Wheat Until recent years wheat was the main money-producing crop of the State, being extensively produced in all sections. The cultivation of wheat has steadily declined in the ratio of the increase in the value of land. As a ready resource for the pioneer homesteaders it was most available, but has given way to more intensive farming. The pioneer farmers grew only spring varieties, but in more recent times winter wheat has been cultivated with success; yet the main crop grown is still of the spring variety and about equally divided between the soft and durum strains. In 1924 South Dakota produced 1,120.000 bushels of winter wheat, worth $1,400,000 and 33,018,000 bushels of spring wheat, worth 141,272.000. 7. Hay Grass and hay are among the most valuable products of the State. There is no way in which the value of pasturage in. dollars can be determined, but it clearly is fundamental in agriculture and prosperity. Before settle-meat the vast pastures attracted many millions of buffalo to them, and since settlement the produce of the open range has ever been one of the dependable and very important resources. Production figures however are applied by the government crop experts only to the made hay. In 1924, 4,189,000 tons of wild hay were reported, valued at $33,931,000. This product has many qualities to commend it; stock thrives upon it and to butter globules it imparts a strength and firmness that is conducive to that granular quality so desirable in the best product. 8. Alfalfa This valuable forage plant was introduced into South Dakota in the spring of 1881 by the late Captain Seth Bullock, who obtained the seed from Utah and planted it upon his Red Water ranch near Belle Fourche. The meadow from the first planting is still vigorous. In the spring of 1882 Frease, Henry & Company secured 100 pounds of seed from Chicago, which was sold in small quantities to ranchers in the vicinity of Rapid City, and from that time has been under cultivation in that region. In 1882 George Scott, now of Couer D'Alene, Idaho, visited Colorado and brought back, at the request of Samuel Moore, 100 pounds of alfalfa seed, which Mr. Moore planted in the spring of 1883 upon land broken the previous year. It is still yielding good returns. From these beginnings the plant gradually spread to the farms of the Black Hills region, and about 1900 began to be cultivated in the eastern sections of the State. At about that time Prof. Niels E. Hansen, of the State College, began to interest himself in alfalfa and through co-operation with the Federal Department of Agriculture was dispatched to the native habitat of the plant in Asia and secured seed there of hardy varieties which have been found well adapted to conditions in this region. Little difficulty is now encountered in obtaining good fields. Under fair conditions three crops annually are produced for hay or one crop of hay and the later growth, ripened for seed. In the central and western portions of the State the seed crop is found profitable and all conditions are well adapted to production. Western Dakota alfalfa-seed is sold throughout America. The federal census of 1920 reports 462,231 acres and 763,316 tons of alfalfa hay. The acreage has been much expanded since. Autograph letters of Captain Seth Bullock and Samuel Moore, in files, Department of History. Interview with John E. Frease by Charles B. Taylor, April 21, 1925. "History of Alfalfa," by Charles C. Haas, M.S., in files. Department of History. Bulletins 94. 133, 141, 163, U. S. Experiment Station, Brookings. 9. Dairying This industry developed from small beginnings, when the single cow of the homesteader was staked out in the rich grasses of the prairie before the home shack, to a position of great importance. In the days of the reaction from the "Dakota boom," those farmers who clung to their lands found in dairying a dependable resource in every time of stress. About 1890 a system of co-operative creameries was established throughout the State and dairying assumed a place in the economy of the State which it continues to occupy. The single limitation upon it is the difficulty of employing men sufficient to develop it to its possibilities. The co-operative creameries filled an important place in their day, but many of them passed, and butter is either manufactured by modern processes upon the farm or else the cream is sold directly to manufacturers, who assemble it in central plants from long distances. For illustration, much of the cream produced in the Cheyenne Valley is made into butter at Mitchell or Sioux City. The Federal census of 1920 shows 10,267,171 pounds of butter made upon farms in South Dakota, 13,615,089 pounds of butterfat and 3,681,313 gallons of cream sold. The value of dairy products reported to the census was $16,812,347 for the calendar year 1919. 10. Clover Is an introduced forage plant. Both the red field clover and the white clover, or trefoil, are successfully grown. Clover has not become a standard forage crop because of the abundant supply of wild hay. It is grown, however, to a considerable extent as a soil crop and to maintain the nitrogen in the soil. The white flowered sweet clover is rapidly coming into good repute for pasture and forage, some farmers ranking it above alfalfa. The yellow flowered sweet clover is too bitter for stock food. It grows everywhere as a weed, but has rendered a fine service in the innoculation of the soil with the bacteria essential to the successful growth of alfalfa. 11. Livestock The live stock industry, involving as it does a large investment as well as many conveniences in the way of buildings and fences, was slow to develop, notwithstanding the inducement of unlimited and free pasturage. However, there was a steady development of cattle, swine and sheep growing upon the homesteads throughout the pioneer period. The most extensive and most picturesque promotion of stock growing was upon the otherwise unoccupied ranges west of the Missouri. In the beginning of this industry, shortly after the settlers reached the upper Missouri Valley, cattle ranging was the chief industry and the beasts were turned loose without shelter or care to drift where they willed, taking the chance of surviving the rigors of winter; in the summer they were rounded up by cowboys and sorted out by the brands they bore. Calves were branded according to the mother-cow they appeared to follow. This was a hazardous business, very profitable if the winters were favorable, but the herds were likely to be wiped out if the winter was a rigorous one with deep and crusted snow. With the coming of the homesteaders statutes were enacted establishing a herd law, which made every owner responsible for his live stock and any damage they might inflict upon the property of another; this was the end of free ranging and of the range industry as previously conducted. A more humane method was thereafter pursued, herds were kept under control, shelter provided for bad weather, and hay cut to tide over inclement periods. At the same time the live stock upon farms steadily increased until it is by far the greatest money producer of the State. For the fiscal year of 1924 the railroads operating in the State carried to markets beyond the State line the following live stock produced in South Dakota: Horses and mules 23,940 head Cattle 525,207,590 pounds Hogs 823,663,560 pounds Sheep 30,349,920 pounds 11. Sheep Sheep and wool growing have been pursued from the first agricultural settlement. About 1865 Governor Newton Edmunds brought a number of sheep into the Territory, stocked his own farm and supplied them to the settlers. They are particularly healthy and prolific here; but the business has been uncertain because of shifting tariff protection, and has not been followed largely. In 1920 we had 843,696 sheep and the wool crop was 3,999,149 pounds, worth $2,165,251. 12. Census Statistics (1920) The federal census of 1920 gives the following statistics pertaining to agriculture in South Dakota: Total population 636.547 Number of operative farmers 74,637 Number of farms 74,637 Total acres in State 49,195,520 Acres in farms 34,636,491 Acres improved land in farms 18,199,250 Woodland in farms 536,183 Average size of farms, in acres 464.1 Average improved acres in farms 243.8 Value of all farm property $2,823,870,212 Average value of each farm $27,835 Average value of farms, per acre $81.53 Land only $64.42 Farms operated by their owners 47,815 Farms operated by managers 781 Farms operated by tenants 26,041 Share Tenants 12,269 Cash-share tenants 7,851 Cash tenants 5,328 Domestic animals Number Value Horses 817,058 $ 57,051,132 Cattle 2,348,157 119,580,683 Sheep 843.696 10,635,258 Swine 1,953,826 42,997,699 Value of all farm animals 232,364,625 Poultry and Bees: Chickens, etc 6,968,088 $ 6,126,335 Bee-Hives 11,114 77,303 Acres Bushels Corn 2,756,234 69,060,782 Oats l,839,089 51,091,904 Number Value Wheat 3,891,468 31,086,995 Barley 754,929 12,815,768 Rye 463,132 4,111,543 Buckwheat 3,356 28,825 Emmer and speltz 79,688 1,451,018 Beans 816 4,553 Flaxseed 159,234 1,109,303 Hay 5,071,747 tons 4,996,846 Potatoes 58,180 bush 2,863,186 13. Marketings (1924) For the year ending June 30, 1924, the following shipments were made from South Dakota to markets outside of the State. Bushels Value "Wheat 27,404,494 $22,197,640.14 Corn 35,826,304 18,629,709.28 Oats 28,355,842 8,790,311.02 Barley 10,525,551 4,210,220.40 Rye 3,707,110 836,483.90 Flax 768,316 1,598,097.28 Potatoes 1,814,827 907,413.50 Hay tons 37,061 259,427.00 Horses and mules head 23,940 2,035,000.00 Cattle pounds 525,207,590 36,764,000.00 Hoffs pounds 823,663,560 61,774,000.00 Sheep pounds 30,349,920 2,883,000.00 All other products shipped 30,000,000.00 Total marketed beyond State line $190,885,302.52 Same for 1923 175,893,929.30 Gain for year $ 14,991,373.22 14. Agricultural Bulletins The following Bulletins have been issued by the U. S. Experiment Station in connection with the State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, Brookings: 1. Notes on the growth of trees in the college grounds. 1887. 2. Department of agriculture and experiment station. 1888. 3. Arbor Day: Why to plant, what to plant, how to plant. 1888. 4. Announcements and reports of progress of work in the departments of Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture and Entomology. 1888. 5. Garden notes, with table of meteoroligical observations. 1888. 6. Meteorological tables, May-November (1888), to accompany garden notes and other reports of field observations. 1888. 7. Notes on small fruits, the orchard, and ornamental plants. 1889. 8. Drinking waters of Dakota. 1888. 9. Corn. 1889. 10. Germination of frosted grain. 1889. 11. Small grain. 1889. 12. Forestry. 1889. 13. Department of entomology. 1889. 14. The sugar beet. 1889. 15. Forestry. 1889. 16. The sugar beet 1890 17. Small grain. 1890. 18. The cut-worm. 1890. 19. The sugar beet. 1890. 20. Forestry. 1891. 21. Small grain. 1891. 22. Injurious insects. 1891. 23. Forest trees, fruits and vegetables. 1891. 24. Corn. 1891. 25. Glanders. 1891. 26. Strawberry, sand cherry and orchard notes. 1891. 27. Sugar beet in South Dakota. 1891. 28. Irrigation. 1891. 29. Forestry and fungi. 1891. 30. Department of entomology. 1892. 31. Department of meteorology. 1892. 32. Forestry. 1892. 33. Botany: loco weed, rattlebox, ergot. 1893. 34. The sugar beet. 1893. 35. Fungous diseases, insect pests, fungicides and insecticides. 1893. 36. Scab, lumpy jaw and anthrax. 1893. 37. Tomatoes. 1893. 38. Feeding wheat to hogs. 1894. 39. Milk tests and comparison tables. 1894. 40. Native and introduced forage plants. 1894. 41. Artesian waters of South Dakota. 1895. 42. Squashes. 1895. 43. Native trees and shrubs. 1895. 44. Forestry. 1895. 45. Forage plants. 1895. 46. Building creameries and organization of co-operative creameries. 1896. 47. Tomatoes, beans, onions. A cheap hot house. 1896. 48. Potato scab. Three injurious insects. 1896. 49. Shallow artesian wells of South Dakota. 1896. 50. Fruit culture. 1897. 51. Forage plants for South. Dakota. Silos and silage. 1897. 52. Irrigation in South Dakota. 1897. 53. Forestry in South Dakota. 1897. 54. Subsoiling. 1897. 55. Feeding sheep in South Dakota. 1897. 56. Sugar beets in South Dakota. 1898. 57. Four injurious insects. 1898. 58. Moisture investigations for 1897. 1898. 59. Forage and garden crops in the James River Valley. 1898. 60. Millet. 1898. 61. Forage and garden crops in the James River valley. 1899. 62. Sugar beets in South Dakota. 1899. 63. Pig feeding in South Dakota. 1899. 64. Ferns and flowering plants of South Dakota. 1899. 65. Root-killing of apple trees. 1899. 66. Drought-resisting forage plants at the co-operative range experiment station, Highmore, S. D. 1900. 67. Watermelons and muskmelons in South Dakota. 1900. 68. Vegetables in South Dakota. 1900. 69. Native and introduced forage plants. 1901. 70. Drought-resistant forage experiments at Highmore, S. D., for 1900. 1901. 71. Speltz vs. Barley-a comparison of the food value of spelts and barley as a single grain ration for fattening sheep. 1901. 72. Ornamentals for South Dakota. 1901. 73. Variations in cream and milk tests. 1902. 74. Drought-resistant forage experiments at Highmore substation. 1902. 75. Treatment of smuts and rusts. 1902. 76. Study of northwestern apples 1902. 77. Macaroni wheat in South Dakota. 1902. 78. Preliminary report on the fringed tape worm of sheep. 1903. 79. Crop rotation for South Dakota. 1903. 80. I. Lamb feeding. II. Fattening sheep on grass. 1903. 81. I. Pasture and forage plants for South Dakota. 1903. II. Feeding dairy cows. III. Flies. IV. Artesian waters of South Dakota. V. Some destructive insects. VI. Elements of prairie horticulture. 82. Macaroni wheat. Its milling and chemical characteristics. 1903. 83. Millet for fattening swine. 1904. 84. Report of investigations at the Highmore station for 1903. 1904. 85. Early garden peas. 1904. 86. Fattening range lambs. 1904. 87. The western sand cherry. 1904. 88. Breeding hardy fruits. 1904. 89. Preliminary experiments with vapor treatments for the prevention of stinking smut of wheat. 1904. 90. Tankage and other by-products for pigs; shrunken wheat for swine. 1905. 91. Co-operative vegetable tests in 1904; peas, beans, sweet corn, cabbage. 1905. 92. Macaroni wheat: its milling and chemical characteristics and its adaption for making bread and macaroni. 1905. 93. Plums in South Dakota. 1905. 94. Alfalfa and red clover. 1906. 95. The treatment of nail pricks of Horse's Foot 1906. 96. Forage plants and cereals at Highmore sub-station- 1906. 97. Speltz and millet for the production of baby beef. 1906. 98. Crop rotation. 1906. 99. Macaroni or durum wheats. (A continuation of bulletin 92.) 1906. 100. The value of speltz for the production of beef and pork. 1907. 101. Forage plants at the Highmore sub-station, 1906, 1907. 102. Evergreens for South Dakota. 1907. 103. Breeding hardy strawberries. 1907. 104. Raspberries, blackberries and dewberries. 1907. 105. Stock food for pigs. 1908. 106. Sugar beets in South Dakota. 1908. 107. Sheep scab. 1908. 108. New hybrid fruits. 1908. 109. Rusts of cereals and other plants. 1908. 110. Progress in variety tests of oats. 1908. 111. A study of South Dakota butter, with suggestions for improvements. 1909. 112. The killing of mustard and other noxious weeds in grain fields by the use of iron sulphate. 1909. 113. Progress in variety tests of barley. 1909. 114. Digestion coefficients of grains and fodders for South Dakota. 1909. 115. Report of work for 1907 and 1908 at Highmore sub-station. 1909. 116. Acidity of creamery butter and its relation to quality. 1909. 117. Sugar beets in South Dakota. 1909. 118. Corn. 1910. 119. Fattening lambs. 1910. 120. Progress in variety tests of alfalfa. 1910. 121. Sugar beets in South Dakota. 1910. 122. Creamery butter. 1910. 123. Milk powder starters in creameries. 1910. 124. Progress of grain investigations, 1903-1910. 1910. 125. Fattening steers of different ages. 1911. 126. Alkali soils. 1911. 127. Breeding and feeding sheep. 1911. 128. Progress in wheat investigations. 1911. 129. Growing pedigreed sugar beet seed in South Dakota, 1910. 1911. 130. Some new fruits, originated from the native sand cherry and plum in the department of horticulture, Brookings, S. D. 1911. 131. Scabies (mange) in cattle. 1911. 132. Effects of alkali water in dairy products. 1912. 133. Alfalfa as a field crop in South Dakota. 1912. 134. More winter dairying in South Dakota. 1912. 135. Trials with millets and sorghums for grain and hay in South Dakota. 1912. 136. Fattening pigs. 1912. 137. Wintering steers. 1912. 138. Hog cholera. 1912. 139. Soil and crop and their relation to state building. 1912. 140. Selection and preparation of seed potatoes in the season of 1912. 1913. 141. Co-operative tests of alfalfa from Siberian and European Russia. 1913. 142. Sugar beets in South Dakota-results to date. 1913. 143. Roughage for fattening lambs. 1913. 144. Preliminary report on the milking machine. 1913. 145. A report of progress in soil fertility investigations. 1913. 146. Some varieties and strains of wheat and their yields in South Dakota. 1913. 147. The effect of alkali water on dairy cows. 1913. 148. Corn silage and mill products for steers. 1914. 149. Some varieties and strains of oats and their yields in South Dakota. 1914. 150. Weeds. 1S14. 151. Trials with sweet clover as a field crop in South Dakota. 1914. 152. Testing and handling dairy products. 1914. 153. Selecting and breeding corn for protein and oil in South Dakota. 1914. 154. The pit silo. 1914. 155. Selection and preparation of seed potatoes-size of seed pieces, and bud variation. 1914. 156. Kaoliang, a new dry land crop. 1914. 157. Hogging off corn with and with out rape. Kaoliang for pork production. 1914. 158. Proso and kaoliang as table foods. 1915. 159. Progress in plant breeding. 1915. 160. Silage and grain for steers. 1915. 161. Winter grain South Dakota. 1915. 162. First annual report of Vivian, S. D., experiment and demonstration farm. 1915. 163. Comparative yields of hay, from several varieties and strains of alfalfa, at Brookings, Highmore, Cottonwood and Eureka. 1916. 164. Making Butter and Cheese on the farm. 165. Corn Silage for Lambs. 166. Milking Machines. 167. Transplanting Alfalfa. 168. Breakfast Foods. 169. Flax Culture in South Dakota. 170. Quack Grass and Western Wheat Grass. 171. Pasteurization of Cream. 172. Grasshoppers and their control. 173. Sugar Beets in South Dakota. 174. Sorghums for forage in South Dakota. 175. Role of Water, in Dairy Cow's Ration. 176. Potato Culture in South Dakota. 177. The Sheep. 178. Injurious Corn Insects. 179. Emmer in South Dakota. 180. Root Crop Culture. 181. Corn Culture in South Dakota. 182. Corn Silage for Beef Production. 183. Barley Culture in South Dakota. 184. Yields from two systems of Corn Breeding. 185. Ice on the Farm. 186. Corn Families of South Dakota. 187. Influence of length of wheat heads on resulting crop. 188. Relative value of feed proteins for dairy Cows. 189. Corn and Millet Silage for fattening Cattle. 190. Webspinning Saw Fly of Plums and Sand-cherries. 191. Water as a limiting factor in the growth of sweet clover. 192. Rations for pigs. 193. Soybeans in South Dakota. 194. Acme Wheat. 195. Feeding Dairy Cattle. 196. Potatoes in South Dakota. 197. Milk Testing in Practice. 198. Influence of Pure Bred Dairy Sires. 199. Sunflower silage for steers. Smutted corn silage for cows. 200. Winter Wheat in South Dakota. 201. Some Experiments with Spring Wheat in South Dakota. 202. The Chinch Bug. 203. Pasteurization of Market Milk in the Glass Enameled Tank and in the Bottle. 204. Varieties of Corn for South Dakota. 205. 206. 207. 208. Flowers Every Day in the Year. 209. 210. Additional Comments: Extracted from: DOANE ROBINSON'S Encyclopedia of South Dakota FIRST EDITION Published by the Author PIERRE 1925 COPYRIGHT BY DOANE ROBINSON. 1925 WILL A. BEACH PRINTING COMPANY PRINTERS AND BINDERS SIOUX FALLS File at: http://files.usgwarchives.net/sd/unknown/history/1925/doanerob/agricult162gms.txt This file has been created by a form at http://www.genrecords.org/sdfiles/ File size: 32.3 Kb