History of Anderson County Newspapers *************************************************************************** Copyright. All rights reserved. http://www.usgwarchives.net/copyright.htm Transcribed by Kathy Odom. Submitted by Scott Fitzgerald - scottfitzgerald@tyler.net East Texas Genealogical Society, 1st Vice-President 22 November 2007 *************************************************************************** Originally published in The Tracings, Volume 5, No. 3, Fall 1986, Pages 85- 100 by the Anderson County Genealogical Society, copyright assigned to the East Texas Genealogical Society. History of Anderson County Newspapers A list of newspapers that have been published in Palestine and Anderson County. The Trinity Advocate, 1850. The Palestine Advocate, 1851. The Daily Advocate, 187_. The Weekly Advocate, 1893. The Palestine Journal, 1870. The Palestine New Era, 1874. The East Texas News, 1882 The Times (semi-weekly) 1889-1890. Consolidated with Advocate, September 7, 1898. The Palestine Daily Press, 1897. Consolidated with The Daily Advocate, September 7, 1898. The Palestine Daily Visitor, 1898. The Advocate, 1899. The Observer, 1900. The Anderson County Weekly Herald, 1902. The Palestine Daily Herald, 1902. The Palestine Plaindealer, 1903. The Record, 1912. The Advance, 1920. The Palestine Daily Press, 1926. The Palestine News, 1935. The Anderson County Times, 1935. The Palestine Times-News, 1935. The Woman's Advocate, one edition, 1899 The High School Chatter. The Bargaineer, 1935. The Frankston Citizen. The Palestine Herald Press, 1942. NOTES Given by William (Billy) Small to Miss Kate Hunter, January 21, 1923. First newspaper started in Anderson County was The Palestine Advocate founded in 1852 by Addison Clark. He sold it to A. E. McClure and Matt Dale. Judge McClure died in 1868 and his son, Robert McClure, sold his interest to T. T. Gammage. J. W. Ewing bought the Dale interest. In 1874, T. T. Gammage sold his interest to Dick Small and Col. Ewing retained his interest. In 1875, Dick Small sold his interest to Dr. H. J. Hunter, Col. Ewing still retaining his interest and did retain it to his death. In 18--, Dr. Hunter sold his interest to George c. Deming. The Weekly Advocate is still published and owned by Mrs. Annie Gibson, adopted daughter of Mrs. Deming. This makes 71 years of unbroken publication except two years during the Civil War when it was suspended. The Trinity News was a branch of the Tyler democrat & Reporter established in the fall of 1865 by W. F. Hamilton and Ed Smith. It lived a little over a year. During the latter part of the Civil War, 1865, there was a paper established in the County by Jasper Starr called Starr's Intelligencer; it only put out five or six issues. The next paper started in 1870 and was called The New Era, edited by H. E. Chambers of Liberty, son-in-law of Uncle Rufus Watts, one of the old settlers who lived on Rusk Road four miles out. He ran this paper three months and sold it to R. H. and J. T. Small (brothers of W. D. (Billy) Small.) They published this paper five or six years and moved it to Jacksonville. The next paper was called The East Texas News, established by E. E. Overall. He published this paper for a year and sold to Mayor Bills, who published it four or five years and it was finally suspended. The next paper was Semi-Weekly Times, edited and owned by Col. D. M. McNaughton, I think in 1887 and ran only a year and was suspended. Matt Dale, editor of The Advocate, was in Dr. Woodard's company. Left in 1861, was in Battle of Mananas. Dr. Woodard was killed, also Jim Grinnon, Tom Glenn, Julius White. Anderson County Newspapers NEWSPAPERS A list and Short History of the different newspapers that have been published in Palestine and Anderson County. THE TRINITY ADVOCATE The Trinity Advocate, Palestine and Anderson County's first newspaper and one of the first newspapers published in East Texas, was established in 1850 by Joseph Anderson Clark, the father of Addison and Randolph Clark, the founders of Add-Ran Christian College at Thorpe Sprints, Texas. Owing to the importance of the Trinity River navigation, the paper was given the name, The Trinity Advocate. The Misses Colley, granddaughters of Dr. Henry J. Hunter, a partner of Mr. Ewing in the ownership of the Palestine Advocate at that time, have in their possession a very interesting extra of The Trinity Advocate. It has this heading: "The Trinity Advocate EXTRA, Palestine, Texas, November 29, 1873 - Radical Trickery Exposed." THE TRINITY ADVOCATE Saturday, October 25, 1873. Dissolution The partnership heretofore existing between J. W. Ewing and R. H. Small in the publication of the Trinity Advocate is hereby dissolved, R. H. Small having sold his half interest in the press type and paper to Dr. H. J. Hunter. All accounts for subscriptions due this paper for job printing and advertisements will be paid to Ewing and Small who will liquidate all liabilities of late firm. Mr. Small will call on those indebted to us in a few days and we must urge upon the necessity of making prompt settlement either by cash or notes. J. W. Ewing R. H. Small THE PALESTINE ADVOCATE The Palestine Advocate was the successor to The Trinity Advocate and it was owned and published by James W. Ewing. Established in 1851, it remained in successful operation until the second year of the Civil War when it suspended. After the war the paper was re-established by Mr. Ewing who remained its editor until his death. THE PALESTINE NEW ERA The Palestine New Era was a political and local newspaper started September 24, 1874, by Col. J. T. Chambers as an independent paper. The following November it was sold to R. H. Small and J. T. Small who made it a Democratic paper of the strictest kind. About May 1, 1877, R. H. Small became the sole owner. It was a weekly paper issued every Friday. HISTORY OF THE PALESTINE ADVOCATE In June, 1847, Joseph Anderson Clark, the father of Randolph and Addison Clark, founders of Add-Ran College, Thorpe Springs, Texas, sold his paper, The San Augestine Redlander, San Augustine, Texas, and moved to Rusk, Cherokee County, Texas, where he established the first paper ever published in Cherokee County which was called The Rusk Pioneer. Two years later, in 1849, he moved his printing plant to Palestine, Anderson County, Texas, where he established in 1850 the first paper published in this city and county, which he named The Trinity Advocate. This was about four years after Anderson County was organized. How the paper received its name, The Trinity Advocate, is interestingly told in the following article copied from the "History of Anderson County": 'The Fifties had scarcely begun with its pioneer commerce pushing itself up the Trinity River when the printing press made its way into Palestine. In view of the importance of the river navigation of that day, the newly established paper was given the name Trinity Advocate, a name which it bore down to railroad days when it took the name it now bears, The Palestine Advocate.'" When Joseph Anderson Clark came to Palestine in 1849, his nephew James W. Ewing, who had been employed on The Rusk Pioneer came with him to work for him on The Trinity Advocate. In January, 1851, James W. Ewing bought The Trinity Advocate from his uncle, who gave up his newspaper work and law practice to enter the ministry of the Christian Church. About two years later (in 1852), Mr. Ewing formed a partnership with Matt Dale and his partnership continued until the Civil War, when both men were among the first volunteers to answer the call of the Confederacy. Mr. Dale, who rose to the position of Major Dale, was killed at the Battle of Sharpsburg in September, 1862, and Mr. Ewing, who became a colonel, was seriously wounded in the Battle of Mansfield, Louisiana. The publication of The Trinity Advocate was suspended from 1862 to 1865 on account of the Civil War, and at the close of the war, Col. Ewing returned to Palestine and resumed the publication of The Trinity Advocate and continued to be its editor until his death, June 27, 1896. The oldest known copy of The Trinity Advocate was the one of August 8, 1866, owned by Col. Ewing at the time of his death in 1896. In 1867, A. E. McClure became his partner and from an old paper, June 30, 1869, A. E. McClure and James W. Ewing are given as editors of The Trinity Advocate and associated with them was R. (Dick) Small, who became Col. Ewing's partner, 1872-73. The office was at the old stand on the southwest corner of the Public Square. The paper was published weekly and the subscription was $2.50 per year in advance. In October, 1873, R. H. Small sold his half interest in The Trinity Advocate to Dr. Henry J. Hunter. From a copy of The Trinity Advocate, October 25, 1873, owned by Misses Jettie and Elizabeth Colley, granddaughters of Dr. Hunter, is found the following dissolution notice: "The partnership hereto existing between J. W. Ewing and R. H. Small in the publication of The Trinity Advocate is hereby dissolved, R. H. Small having sold his half interest in the press type and paper to Dr. H. J. Hunter. All accounts due this paper for job printing and advertisement will be paid to Ewing and Small who will liquidate all liabilities of the late firm. Mr. Small will call on those indebted to us in a few days and we must urge upon the necessity of prompt settlement either by cash or notes". Signed, J. W. Ewing, R. H. Small. From 1873-1876, Ewing and Hunter continued as editors of The Trinity Advocate. The office was still on the southwest corner of the public square and the price was still $2.50 per year. These two editors also published Daily Advocate and three copies of this daily published in 1875 are owned by the Carnegie Library, Palestine, Texas. Sometime between 1875-76, the name of The Trinity Advocate was changed to The Palestine Advocate. It was published every Saturday and the price was $2.50 per year. Dr. Hunter must have sold his interest in the paper to Col. Ewing for a copy of the paper dated April 12, 1877, gives Mr. Ewing as sole editor. The office was moved to the East side of the Square. During the year of 1877, Mr. George C. Deming came to Palestine from the north and became associated with Col. Ewing in the publication of The Palestine Advocate. A copy of The Palestine Advocate of July 4, 1878, gives Ewing and Gilbert, Proprietors, Noxa Hall Building, Avenue A, near the Public Square. J. W. Ewing is again given as sole editor, December 30, 1880, and from 1884 through 1892, Mr. George C. Deming was again his partner. After the death of Col. Ewing in 1896, his son, A. W. Ewing continued the publication of The Palestine Advocate with Mr. George C. Deming. In the spring of 1898, Mr. Deming sold his half interest to A. W. Ewing and went north to visit relatives. A. W. Ewing sold the paper in 1899 to T. M. Campbell with Wiley M. Imboden as editor. Mr. Imboden was also editor of The Palestine Daily Press which was established in 1898 by Messrs. W. M. and H. V. Hamilton. Later Mr. Imboden sold both papers, The Palestine Advocate and The Palestine Daily Press to Mr. Charles Young. From a copy of The Palestine Daily Press, January 14, 1902, in the Carnegie Library, Palestine Texas, is found this advertisement: "The Weekly Advocate 'As Old As The Hills' and even better. Twice the combined circulation of all papers in the county. An 'Ad' in the Advocate is read by nearly every farmer in the county this week. You should not lose sight of this." Charles Young, Editor and Proprietor. In 1903, A. W. Ewing is again editor of The Advocate as a copy of March 6, 1903, gives the following: "A. W. Ewing, Editor. The Weekly Advocate under the control, management and ownership of A. W. Ewing, son of James W. Ewing, who founded the paper in 1851. Subscription $1.00 per annum." During the latter part of 1903 or early in 1904, George C. Deming and R. T. Gibson became owners and publishers of The Palestine Advocate, and after the death of R. T. Gibson in 1905, Mr. Deming was assisted in the publication of The Advocate by his wife, Mrs. Rose Foley Deming, until his death in 1914. For seven years after the death of Mr. Deming, Mrs. Deming owned and edited The Advocate assisted by Mrs. Annie Kohler Gibson, widow of his late partner, R. T. Gibson. Mrs. Deming died in 1921 and Mrs. Annie Gibson continued the publication of the paper until 1926, when she sold both her papers, The Palestine Advocate and The Daily Visitor, to A. L. Bowers with C. C. Woodson and J. S. McBeath, editors. Several years later Mr. McBeath sold his interest in both papers, The Palestine Advocate and The Palestine Daily Press (the name of The Daily Visitor was changed to Daily Press) to C. C. Woodson who continued the publication of the two papers until 1935, when he sold both The Palestine Advocate and Palestine Daily Press to W. M. Hamilton and Sons, editors and publishers of The Palestine Daily Herald. The Palestine Advocate is still published each week by W. M. Hamilton and Sons from the Herald-Press plant and is one of the oldest papers in East Texas. Recently The Palestine Advocate has been honored with a certified membership in the American Press Half-Century club and the publishers have received a formal certificate of membership as only those papers which have been published continuously for over fifty years are eligible. The editors of The Advocate received this message from Percy B. Scott, editor of The American Press, "We hope your paper will continue to uphold the traditions of American newspaper life and that its force and influence will be felt for many half-centuries to come." No history of The Palestine Advocate would be complete without a brief description of the press from which it was printed. The press used by Advocate was a hand press, having a wheel on the side which was turned by a pleasant husky Negro by the name of Jack who came to the office each Friday to turn the press. HISTORY OF THE DAILY ADVOCATE The first daily paper ever published in Palestine was The Daily Advocate which was published by James W. Ewing and Dr. Henry J. Hunter, editors of The Weekly Advocate. The daily was established in the early spring of 1875 and three issues of this paper can be found in the Carnegie Library, Palestine, Texas. They are April 20, 1875, Volume I, Number 18; April 27, 1875, Volume 1, Number 23; and May 3, 1875, Volume I, Number 27. The paper was about eleven inches in width and sixteen inches in length and consists of four pages of much thinner paper than used by publishers of today. The price was $1.00 a week or $10.00 a year. This comment by the editors establishes the proof that this was Palestine's first daily paper: "Believing that the time has arrived when our businessmen imperatively demand daily instead of weekly information and that they will seek for same abroad if they can not secure it at home, we have resolved to publish a Daily News to meet that requirement. This we would not attempt did we not believe that this enterprise will be seconded to an extent that will ensure us against loss especially at this season of the year 'not his risked is nothing won' is an old adage that seems peculiarly appropriate in these times. As the daily will be the feeder to the weekly, its policy will of course be the same." HISTORY OF THE PALESTINE NEW ERA The Palestine New Era was a political and local newspaper started September 24, 1874, by Col. J. T. Chambers as an independent paper. The following November it was sold to R. H. and J. T. Small who made it a Democratic paper of the strictest kind. About May 1, 1877, R. H. Small became sole owner. It was a weekly paper issued every Friday. In 1883, R. H. Small sold his paper and moved to Jacksonville, Texas. HISTORY OF THE EAST TEXAS NEWS The East Texas News was established in 1882 by James A. Bills who came to Palestine from New Orleans, Louisiana, where he had been employed on The Morning Star. The East Texas News was published on Saturdays of each week until the death of Mr. Bills in 1889. His son-in-law, T. W. Trelford, continued the publication of this paper for several years after the death of Mr. Bills. Mr. Trelford, on account of ill health, eventually sold his printing press to an out-of-town concern. HISTORY OF THE SEMI-WEEKLY TIMES In 1889, The Semi-Weekly Times was established by David McNaughton and was the nearest approach to a daily paper that Palestine had at the time, being published twice a week. In 1898, Mr. McNaughton moved to Marquez, Texas, where he was publishing a newspaper at the time of his death in 1901. Mr. McNaughton also published two religious monthlies The Church News and The Endeavor, while he lived in Palestine. HISTORY OF THE PALESTINE DAILY PRESS In 1892, John Small and Rutledge Rutherford, two printers, working for The Palestine Advocate, established a daily newspaper called The Palestine Daily Press which was the first of three different newspapers to be given that name. They were given permission to print their paper on the Advocate plant. For a year or so they were successful as everybody subscribed but having no capital to back them their paper soon became a financial burden and was taken over by Messrs. Ewing and Deming of The Daily Advocate who continued the publications, changing the name of the paper to The Palestine Daily Advocate in 1893. HISTORY OF THE PALESTINE DAILY PRESS In 1898, the second paper to be named The Palestine Daily Press was established by two brothers, Messrs, W. M. and H. V. Hamilton, sons of the veteran newspaper editor, H. V. Hamilton, Sr., of Tyler, Texas. This paper was published by them for about two years when they sold it to Wiley M. Imboden, who was also editor at that time of The Palestine Advocate, the Hamilton brothers going to Monterrey, Mexico, to establish a paper. Mr. Imboden afterwards sold the paper to Mr. Charles Young, who suspended the publication of the paper in 1901. THE PALESTINE DAILY HERAD In 1902, Messrs. W. M. Hamilton and H. V. Hamilton returned to Palestine, Texas from Monterrey, Mexico, and established The Palestine Daily Herald which has been Palestine's leading paper for over thirty years. In 1935, H. V. Hamilton sold his interest in the paper to Van A., Lamar, and Lester Hamilton, the sons of W. M. Hamilton. THE ANDERSON COUNTY HERALD The Anderson County Herald, a weekly paper, was established by Messrs. W. M. and H. V. Hamilton just previous to the establishment of The Daily Herald in 1901. It was published for about fifteen years and suspended when commercial printing department required much of the time of the editors. HISTORY OF THE PALESTINE DAILY VISITOR The Palestine Daily Visitor was established October 14, 1898, by Deming and Gibson, editors and owners of The Palestine Weekly Advocate. The publication of these two papers was carried on by the widows of Messrs. Deming and Gibson, Mrs. Rose Foley Deming and Mrs. Annie Kohler Gibson. After the death of Mrs. Deming in 1921, Mrs. Annie Gibson continued as editor until 1926 when she sold the papers to Woodson and McBeath. The name of the paper changed to Palestine Daily Press. HISTORY OF THE OBSERVER In 1899, Miss Mary Kate Hunter published a weekly paper in magazine form. This paper was devoted to literature and society and would have been a credit to any city much larger than Palestine. HISTORY OF THE RECORD The Record was published in 1912 by the Record Publishing Co., of which J. W. Ozment was President and Alpha Cohen was secretary and treasurer. The Record was suspended in 1913. HISTORY OF THE ADVANCE The Advance was established July, 1920, by the Advance Publishing Co., Inc., with E. C. Griscom as editor. It was a labor paper and published every Friday afternoon. THE PALESTINE DAILY PRESS In 1926, Messrs. C. C. Woodson and J. S. McBeth bought the interest of Mrs. Annie Gibson in The Palestine Daily Visitor and The Palestine Weekly Advocate. The name of the weekly paper was continued as the Palestine Weekly Advocate but the name of the daily paper was changed to The Palestine Daily Press and changed from an afternoon paper to a morning paper. Mr. McBeth withdrew but Mr. Woodson continued as editor until 1935 when he sold both papers to Wm. M. Hamilton and Sons, editors and owners of The Palestine Daily Herald, who still edit the Press as a morning daily paper. HISTORY OF THE PALESTINE NEWS In 1935, Amos Harper sold his paper in Gladewater, Texas to C. C. Woodson, former owner of The Palestine Daily Press, and came to Palestine and started a paper called The Palestine News. After about a year or a little over, Mr. Harper sold his paper to Frank M. Price, editor of The Anderson County Times. Mr. Price then called his paper The Palestine Times-News. HISTORY OF THE ANDERSON COUNTY TIMES The Anderson County Times grew out of an advertising paper, The Bargaineer, edited by Joe Gansky and published by Palestine Printing Company, of which Frank Price was manager. It was issued twice a week. HISTORY OF THE PALESTINE TIMES-NEWS In 1935, Frank M. Price, editor of The Anderson County Times, purchased from Amos Harper the paper, The Palestine News, and called the paper The Palestine Times-News. HISTORY OF THE WOMAN'S ADVOCATE The Woman's Advocate consisted of one edition which was edited by Miss Pauline Buck (now Mrs. Hohes), editor, and Mrs. Betty Reagan Ferguson, assistant editor, published in Dallas and was issued April 1, 1899, as an Easter edition. Its pages consisted of literature, art, music, and various other interesting subjects, each article being written by some Palestine woman. Proceeds went to help in establishing a public library for Palestine, which the beginning of Palestine Carnegie Library. HISTORY OF THE HIGH SCHOOL CHATTER For several years the students of Palestine High School published each week a school paper called The Chatter. HISTORY OF THE FRANKSTON CITIZEN The Misses McKee published The Frankston Citizen for several years at Frankston, Anderson County, Texas. HISTORY OF THE PALESTINE TRIBUNE The Palestine Tribune, Negro weekly newspaper with national and local news, will appear in Palestine, November 18, ----. J. W. Earl, manager and owner; Ernest Gardner, editor. Subscription was 20 cents for one month. Paper owned by Palestine Negroes. HISTORY OF ELKHART NEWSPAPERS In 1890, A. G. Douthit published Elkhart's first paper. In 1901, Garland Buck established The Eye Witness and published for three years. On account of ill health, he was forced to move West, taking his paper plant with him and establishing a paper with another name. He died in 1934 in San Antonio, Texas. In 1907 or 1908, The Elkhart Record was established by T. B. O'Brien. He sold the paper to Mrs. Clarence Quarles who engaged W. (Billy) B. Small to run it. She sold the paper in 1915 to W. D. Hawthorn who was its publisher until 1918 when T. B. O'Brien bought it and sold to A. G. Douthit and Joe Wilson who published only a while before selling to Mr. Padon. In 1922, Mr. Padon sold to J. G. Anderson. James T. Denson bought The Elkhart Record in 1939. BIOGRAPHIES OF EDITORS JOSEPH ANDERSON CLARK Joseph A. Clark came to Texas in 1839. He was a lawyer, civil engineer, and printer. He did the printing for the first Congress of the Republic of Texas. As a boy he learned the trade of printer. In 1845, he established and edited The Rusk Pioneer. In 1849, he moved his printing plant to Palestine and changed the name of his paper to The Trinity Advocate. He sold this paper to James Ewing who became editor. Clark also had been owner of The San Augustine Redlander. Clark received his education in law and civil engineering at University of Alabama. In 1854, he retired from law practice and the newspaper business to enter the ministry of the Christian Church, which was his vocation until his death. He married at Nacogdoches, Texas, Miss Hattie D'Spain, a native of Alabama. Tow of his sons, Addison and Randolph, were founders of Add-Ran College, Thorpe Springs, Texas. JAMES W. EWING James W. Ewing was born in Memphis, Tennessee, April 4, 1830. In 1835 he came with his parents to Texas where they lived on a farm in San Anugustine County. He later worked until 1845 on a farm in Nacogdoches, Texas, then to Titus County where he worked three years. He learned the printing trade in Bonham, Texas until 1848 when he went to Rusk, Texas where he was employed by his uncle who owned The Rusk Pioneer. In 1849, Ewing came to Palestine when his uncle (Joseph Anderson Clark) established The Trinity Advocate. In January, 1851, Ewing took possession of The Trinity Advocate and, except several years spent in the Civil War, continue to be its editor until his death in 18--. Ewing entered the Civil War in 1862 and served three years before being seriously wounded at the Battle of Mansfield, Louisiana. He married Miss Eliza J. Rogers in 1854 and they had one son, Wilson. MATT DALE Matt Dale was Ewing's first partner in publication of The Trinity Advocate from 1852 to 1862. Beginning in 1862 he served in the Civil War in a subordinate position in Captain Woodward's Company. Dale became a major in the Confederate Army. He was killed in the Battle of Sharpsburg, also called the Battle of Antietam, one of the bloodiest battles of 1862. He was lieutenant-colonel at the time of his death. No records have been found of where or when he was born. RICHARD H. SMALL Richard Henry Small was born August 12, 1841, at Fort Huston, Republic of Texas. He was associated with Messrs. James W. Ewing and A. E. McClure in the publication of The Palestine Advocate and later as a partner of Ewing. In October, 1873, he sold half interest to Dr. Henry J. Hunter. In November, 1874, he and J. T. Small bought from Col. J. T. Chambers The Palestine New Era. In May, 1877, he became sold owner of the paper. In 1883, he sold the paper and moved to Jacksonville, Texas, where he established The Jacksonville Intelligencer. In 1886, he moved to Tyler, Texas, where he was associated with H. V. Hamilton, Sr., at The Tyler Democrat-Reporter. He sold his interest and bought The Tyler Courier. About this time or soon after, his health failing, his doctor advised him to get out in the open as the printer's ink poisoning was affecting his heart. He sold the printing plant and moved in 1890 to Troupe, Texas, where he bought a farm and fruit orchard. Before many years he had a small-job printing plant and in 1900 he launched The Troupe Vidette. Maybank, Texas, ws being laid out as a townsite about 1900 and with many Troupe people interested in Maybank, they persuaded Small to move to Maybank. He did in 1901 and established The Maybank Courier. He was still editing this paper at the time of his death, March 4, 1904, at the home of his daughter, Mrs. J. W. Fitzgerald, in Tyler, Texas. He enlisted in Douglas's Texas Battery, one of the "Crack Batteries" of the Civil War, and served without a furlough during four years of the war. He was married in Palestine to Miss Kirgy Rhodes, daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Rhodes. DAVID B. MCNAUGHTON David B. McNaughton was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1834. He settled in Texas in 1882 and died at Marquez, Texas in 1901. At the time of his death, he operated papers in San Marcos, Palestine, Jacksonville and Marquez, Texas. He established The Times in Palestine in 1889. JAMES A. BILLS James A. Bills, of Scotch parentage, was born in Florida and spent most of his youth in New Orleans. He was employed at The Morning Star in New Orleans until 1882 when he came to Palestine, Texas. He established a weekly paper, The East Texas News, published every Saturday. He published this paper until his death July 9, 1899. His son-in-law, Thomas W. Trelford, then continued publication of the weekly. GEORGE DEMING Born in 1831 in Chicago, Illinois, George C. was the son of a Methodist minister, Rev. and Mrs. R. H. Deming. Before he came to Texas in 1875, George Deming owned several papers in St. Joseph, Albam, and Davenport, Missouri. He was co-editor with Mr. Ewing in publication of The Palestine Weekly Advocate and The Palestine Daily Visitor. He died October, 1914. MRS. ROSE DEMING Mrs. Rose Martine Foley Deming was born January 30, 1838, in Dubuque, Iowa. She died in February, 1921, in Palestine, Texas. She was editor of The Palestine Daily Advocate and The Palestine Weekly Advocate. She was the author of poems, "The Alamo," "The Southwest," and other poems. Her first newspaper work was in Belleview, Iowa. She was also editor of The Palestine Daily Visitor. She was the wife of George Deming. R. T. GIBSON R. T. Gibson was born near Lovelady, Texas in 1866, and died in 1905 in Palestine, Texas. Owner and editor of a paper published in Haskell, Texas, he came to Palestine and worked for The Palestine Advocate. Later he formed a partnership with the Demings in the publication of The Palestine Weekly Advocate and The Palestine Daily Visitor. He married Miss Annie Kohler, of Palestine. Mrs. Gibson continued the publication of both papers after the death of her husband and after the death of Mrs. Deming. In 1926, Mrs. Gibson sold to Woodson and McBeath. BIOGRAPHIES OF WRITERS Mrs. Mary Wright Barry, society editor, The Palestine Daily Herald. Dr. Eugene Barker, a Palestine resident who was author of several Texas histories and biographies and later associated with The University of Texas at Austin. Professor J. G. H. Buck, superintendent of Anderson County Schools, superintendent of Elkhart Public Schools, teacher, and author of a book of simplified spelling published in 1924. Mrs. John Taylor Carlisle was society editor for The Palestine Daily Press and later for The Palestine Daily Herald. Dr. R. H. Crozier, minister of First Presbyterian Church in Palestine. He was the father of Norman Crozier, superintendent of Dallas Public Schools. Dr. Crozier wrote religious novels. Mrs. Rose Deming, editor of The Palestine Daily Visitor, The Palestine Weekly Advocate, and a poet. Mrs. Mary Small Fitzgerald, a native of Palestine who lived in Tyler, Texas, and the daughter of R. H. Small who was editor of The Palestine New Era. She was a poet and short story writer. R. G. Hall, co-author of a textbook of history, principal of Palestine High School, teacher of history. Mrs. Lizzie McDaniel Hamlett, born in Mississippi in 1842 and came to Texas in 1852. She was educated at Andrew College in Huntsville, Texas, and taught school at Ennis, Texas. She married Mr. Hamlett of Montalba, Texas. She was poet and in June, 1879, delivered the baccalaureate address at Palestine Female College presenting her speech in verse. When the verse measured two and one-third columns when published in the local newspapers. A book of her poems was published in 1876. One of her poems was published in 1876. One of her most popular poems was "Shall We Divide the State?" She died in 1914. Miss Mary Kate Hunter, poet, historian who published numerous articles about Palestine and Anderson County. She edited a page devoted to literature and society for The Advocate when Wiley Mangum Imboden was editor. Out of this grew her weekly paper of literature and society, The Observer. Mrs. Pauline Buck Hohes, author of Centennial History of Anderson County, published June 1936. Mrs. L. A. Jemison, of Alabama, was widow of Col. E. S. Jemison, C.S.A., and lived in Anderson County and Galveston, Texas. While living in Anderson County she collected material for three of her novels published after she returned to Alabama. Mrs. Nell Pusch Kerfoot, poet. Miss Georgie McMeans, succeeded Mrs. Winston as society editor of The Palestine Daily Herald and was society editor of Palestine events for The Sunday Houston Post State Society News. Mrs. Sara Kolstad Montgomery and her sister, Freddie Louise Kolstad, alternately edited society column for The Palestine Daily Herald. Harriet Malloy, society editor, The Palestine Press. Mrs. Natalie Werner Jones, society editor, The Anderson County Times. Mrs. Ned Morris, Sr., poet. Mrs. Marie Brally Tarrant, poet. Mrs. Caddie Winston, first society editor, The Palestine Daily Herald. THESE NEWSPAPERS ARE ON MICROFILM AT THE PALESTINE PUBLIC LIBRARY: Herald Press (1942-1986) except for 1977-80 which are pending. Anderson County Herald (1901-1912) not complete Overton Telegram- 6/20/1913-7/31/1914 Ozona Stockman- 9/14/1914-8/1/1918 New Ear- one issue: April 21, 1881 Crockett County Golden Anniversary Edition 7/31/1941 Concho Herald-10/3/1890-7/26/1918 The Bagpipe 6/16/1906-7/17/1906 Eastern Texas News- 4/23/1881, 5/14/1881, 8/11/1893 Daily Visitor- 1/31/1899 Advocate-April 22, 1857-June 1860