Pittsylvania County Marriages 1860-1869 ('S' Surnames) SAMUEL, James E., age 22, single, occupation Farmer, son of Robert P. and Elizabeth A. Samuel to Mary S. Brown, age 16, single, daughter of Mordica and Elender Brown. 20 December 1866. Married by Silvang Gardner. SAMUEL, Thomas H., age 19, single, occupation Farmer, son of Robert P. and Elizabeth Samuel to Julia Ann Johnson, age 16, single, daughter of A. P. and Permelia W. Edwards 26 August 1866. Married by Robert S. Hurt. SAUNDERS, Austin, age 24, single, occupation Farmer, son of Benjamin Smith and Eliza Graves to Marie Daulton, age 13, single, daughter of Coly Gafford. 20 October 1866. Married by W.S. Penick. SAUNDERS, James, age 20, single, occupation Farmer, son of James Pasley and Eliza his wife to Mandy Fitzgerald, age 20, single, daughter of Miles Fitzgerald and Matilda his wife. 23 August 1867. Married by W.S. Penick. SAUNDERS, John, age 26, single, occupation Farmer, son of G. W. and J. K. Saunders to Bettie Lee Wooding, age 19, single, daughter of Nathaniel W. and Mary Wooding. 8 January 1867. Married by James Anderson. SAUNDERS, Julius, age 45, widowed, occupation Farmer, son of George W. and Elizabeth Q. Saunders to Susan C. Terry, age 28, widowed, daughter of Nathaniel and Mary Wooding.12 December 1865. Married by Abner Anthony. SCALES, James, age 22, single, occupation Farmer, son of John Achin and Mary Scales to Lucy Martin, age 17, single, daughter of David and Martha Hampton. 18 August 1866. Married by Arthur W. Eanes. SCARCE, David W., age 22, single, occupation Farmer, son of James and Tabitha Scarce to Mary M. Bullington, age 22, widowed, daughter of William and Polly Gray. 11 February 1866. Married by Peter D. Guerrant. SCARCE, Nathan, age 23, single, occupation Farmer, son of James and Tabitha Scarce to Mary E. Mills, age 19, single, daughter of Mary Mills. 24 March 1868. Married by B. J. Hall. SCATES, Samuel, agae 22, single, occupation Farmer, son of Gus Jones and Patsy Scates to Ann Scruggs, age 18, single, daughter of Henry and Becky Scruggs. 30 December 1869. Married by William S. McDowell. SCOTT, Isham, age 24, single, occupation Farmer, son of Isham Thompkins and Rhoda Scott to Nancy Day, age 19, single, daughter of Easter Day. 29 December 1868. Married by William S. McDowell. SCOTT, John W., age 24, single, occupation Farmer, son of Benjamin W. and Margarett Scott to Cora H. Dennis, age 18, single, daughter of Edward H. and Ann V. Dennis. 18 February 1869. SCOTT, Taylor, age 26, single, occupation Farmer, son of John Carter and Fanny his wife to Levenia Finney, age 19, single, daughter of "Not Known". 12 October 1867. Married by Harrison Scott. SCOTT, William, age 23, single, occupation Farmer, son of Martha and Peter Divin to Olive Gregory, age 14, single, daughter of Pleasant and Judia Gregory. 28 May 1867. Married by B. J. Hall. SCRUGGS, George, age 27, widowed, occupation Machinist, son of Allen and Elizabeth Scruggs to Betty A. Hancock, age 17, single, daughter of H.C. and R.A. Hancock. 4 May 1865. Married by John S. Glass. SCRUGGS, John W., age 23, single, occupation Farmer, son of Allen and Betsy Scruggs to Anna Scruggs, age 18, single, daughter of Morton and M. Scruggs. 9 March 1864. Married by George Pearcy. SCRUGGS, John W., age 23, single, occupation Farmer, son of R. Scruggs to Nannie J. Hamlett, 16, single, daughter of J.H. Hamlett. 26 April 1866. Married by J.J. Lamkin. SCRUGGS, Langhorne, age 24, single, occupation Farmer, son of Allen and Elizabeth Scruggs to Jinnie C. Tucker, age 23, single, daughter of William and Nancy Tucker. 10 September 1868. Married by John C. Smith. SCRUGGS, William, age 22, single, occupation Farmer, son of Allen and Elizabeth Scruggs to Parthenia Hodnett, age 19, single, daughter of John and Lucinda Hodnett. 25 November 1868. Married by Asa Hodnett. SEAMORE, George T., son of Parham and Fanny Seamore to Sarah E. Myers, daughter of Milton and Sarah Myers. 31 October 1861. Married by D. A. Blair. SHACKLEFORD, Francis, (no information given) to Mary A. Crowder, (no information given). 13 May 1860. Married by Joseph H. Eanes. SHACKLEFORD, Monroe, age 24, single, occupation Farmer, son of Thomas and Selia Shackleford to Sarah Fowlkes, age 27, single, daughter of "Not Known". 30 April 1868. Married by Hezekiah Smith. SHELHORSE, Cornelious, age 21, single, occupation Farmer, son of Crispin Shelhorse and Matilda his wife to Hester Ann Davis, age 18, single, daughter of Sandy and Eddy Davis. 26 November 1868. Married by Isaiah Ramsey. SHELTON, Armistead F., age 31, single, occupation Farmer, son of John S. and Nancy A. Shelton to Susan A. Patterson, age 27, single, daughter of Edward and Polly Patterson. 7 February 1867. Married by Mordecai Hagood. SHELTON, Benjamin H., son of John G. and Milly Shelton to Sarah F. Hines, daughter of James Hines. 12 September 1861. Married by A. H. Johnson. SHELTON, Charles L., age 31, single, occupation Farmer, son of Richard P. and Patsy Shelton to Mary E. Shelton, age 24, single, daughter of Lorenzo D. and Jane Shelton 6 July 1864. Married by John H. Lacy. SHELTON, Daniel W., age 31, single, occupation Farmer, son of Richard and Martha P. Shelton to Tempey E. Haden, age 21, single, daughter of James and O.D. Haden. 19 December 1867. Married by J.D. Hank. SHELTON, Edward T., age 24, single, occupation Farmer, son of Frederick and Marinda Shelton to Martha F. Walden, age 23, single, daughter of Henry and Phebe Walden. 20 December 1866. Married by William S. Penick. SHELTON, Ferdinand C., age 21, single, occupation Farmer, son of Willis and Leisure Shelton to Mary J. Smith, age 22, single, daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth Smith. 28 May 1866. Married by James Anderson. SHELTON, George J., age 22, single, occupation Soldier, son of Abram and Patsy Shelton to Edney Yeatts, age 18, single, daughter of Oba. and L. Yeatts. 12 October 1863. Married by William S. McDowell. SHELTON, James C., age 25, single, occupation Farmer, son of John G. and Milly Shelton to Eliza A. Hines, age 23, single, daughter of John and Sally Hines. 16 June 1868. Married by W.B. McGilvray. SHELTON, James J., age 23, single, occupation Farmer, son of Willis and Lesia Shelton to Sarah Jane Midkiff, age 21, single, daughter of Henry and Rebecca Midkiff. 14 November 1867. Married by William Motley. SHELTON, James P., age 24, single, occupation Farmer, son of Fred L. and Marinda Shelton to Susan W. Payne, age 24, single, daughter of Reubin B. and Nancy Payne. 14 April 1869. Married by John S. Glass. SHELTON, John C., (no information given)to Eliza V. Yeatts, (no information given).7 June 1860. Married by William L. McDowell. SHELTON, John H., age 23, single, occupation Farmer, son of Frederick S. and Marenda Shelton to Sarah A. Haden, age 18, single, daughter of James M. and Ophelia D. Haden. 24 September 1867. Married by William B. McGilvray. SHELTON, John M., age 23, single, occupation Farmer, son of Willis and Leasure Shelton to Matilda F. Motley, age 21, single, daughter of John and Joannah Motley. 29 January 1867. Married by Herbert A. Wicker. SHELTON, John S., age 60, widowed, occupation Farmer, son of Gabrel and R. Shelton to Martha A.R. Beasley, age 40, widowed, daughter of F. Barrett. 18 October 1863. Married by John S. Glass. SHELTON, John T., age 42, single, occupation Lawyer, son of William C. and Christina Shelton to Margaret F. Yeatts, age 38, single, son of William D. and Mary Yeatts. 20 June 1861. Married by A. H. Johnson. SHELTON, Peter, age 52, widowed, occupation Farmer, son of Peggy Shelton to America E. Maxley, age 36, widowed, daughter of James and Betty Motley. 29 September 1863. Married by Peter D. Guerrant. SHELTON, Ralph S., age 25, single, occupation Farmer, son of Latney m. and Sarah W. Shelton to Bettie A. Yeatts, age 21, single, daughter of Bird Yeatts. 2 October 1866. Married by Silvang Gardner. SHELTON, Rives T., age 21, single, occupation Farmer, son of Frederick L. and Mirinda Shelton to Nannie F. Payne, age 21, single, daughter of George and Elizabeth M. Payne. 11 November 1869. Married by William Motley. SHELTON, Tavenor C., age 28, single, occupation Farmer, son of Margaret Shelton to Mary A. Beggerly, age 25, single, daughter of Margaret C. Beggerly.12 May 1867. Married by James N. Bell. SHELTON, Tazewell H., (no information given) to Mary F. Mattox, daughter of John Mattox, (no other information given).11 October 1860. Married by Samuel F. Shelton. SHELTON, Tazewell H., age 34, widowed, occupation Plaster, son of Vin. H. and Letitia Shelton to Mary Jane Parker, age 16, single, daughter of William and Mary A. Parker. 13 October 1867. Married by Isaiah Ramsey. SHELTON, William C., age 54, widowed, occupation Tanner, son of Vincent and Nancy Shelton to Lucy E. Younger, age 32, single, daughter of John and Elizabeth Younger. 10 May 1868. Married by J. J. Lamkin. SHELTON, William H., age 20, single, occupation Farmer, son of Littleberry and Elizabeth Shelton to Elizabeth Shelton, age 16, single, daughter of William D. and Mary Yeatts. 20 June 1861. Married by A. H. Johnson. SHEPHERD, William F., age 22, single, occupation Farmer, son of P.P. and P.L. Shepherd to Lucy J. Gardner, age 19, single, daughter of B.C. and Nancy Gardner. 13 June 1865. Married by S.B. Lake. SHIELDS, James, age 30, single, occupation Farmer, son of James and Sally Shields to Martha F. Crowder, age 20, single, daughter of Anderson D. and Ann T. Crowder. 24 December 1867. Married by William H. Plunkett. SHIELDS, Jessee L., age 22, single, occupation Farmer, son of William H. and Sarah M. Shields to Lavisa E. Allen, age 21, single, daughter of James G. and Lavisa F. Allen.15 January 1869. Married by James Anderson. SHIELDS, John H., age 26, single, occupation Farmer, son of Anderson and Barbara Shields to Mary E. Haley, age 23, single, daughter of Charles L. and Elizabeth Haley. 10 August 1867. Married by William B. McGilvray. SHIELDS, Thomas L., age 24, single, occupation Farmer, son of William H. and Sallie Shields to Sallie C. Meadows, age 21, single, daughter of Henry and Sallie Shields. 15 January 1867. Married by James Anderson. SHIELDS, William A., age 23, single, occupation Tanner, son of William H. and Sarah M. Shields to Mary J. Meadows, age 21, single, daughter of Henry and Sarah M. Meadows. 18 January 1866. Married by James Anderson. SHIELDS, William T., age 27, single, occupation Farmer, son of Joshua and Mariah Shields to Minerva East, age 17, single, daughter of James and Minerva East. 11 September 1866. Married by John S. Glass. SHORTER, Robert W., age 20, single, occupation Farmer, son of Booker Q. and Tabitha Shorter to Arma E. Gardner, age 18, single, daughter of William F. and Martha Gardner. 11 September 1866. Married by James N. Bell. SHUMATE, David S., age 21, single, occupation Farmer, son of John S. and Lucy A. Shumate to Nancy S. Hiler, age 21, single, daughter of John T. and Martha A. Hiler.10 March 1867. Married by D. M. Wallace. SHUMATE, Doctor J. L., age 21, single, occupation Farmer, son of John S. and Lucy A. Shumate to Caroline F. Highler, age 21, single, daughter of John T. and Martha A. Highler. 17 October 1869. SHUMATE, Samuel H., age 22, single, occupation Farmer, son of John B. and Lucy A. Shumate to Mary D. Ransom, age 22, single, daughter of Mary M. Ransom. 14 December 1865. Married by Peter D. Guerant. SIMPSON, A. M., (no information given) to Marriah V. Wiles, (no information given). 13 February 1861. Married by John H. Forbes. SIMPSON, Dennis, age 28, single, occupation Farmer, son of Coleman and Lucas S. Simpson to Francis J. Adkerson, age 27, widowed, daughter of Presly and Frances Simpson 30 October 1866. Married by John S. Glass. SIMPSON, Jessee M., age 30, single, occupation Farmer, son of Thomas B. and Matilda E. Simpson to Mary M. Pugh, age 22, single, daughter of Overton and Matilda Pugh. 16 January 1867. Married by John S. Glass. SIMPSON, Joseph, age 50, widowed, occupation Farmer, son of Patrick Birch and Julia his wife to Mariah Holland, age 40, widowed, daughter of "Not Known".17 December 1868. Married by Hezekiah Smith. SIMPSON, Joshua, age 19, single, occupation Farmer, son of William B. and Martha Simpson to Hester Dalton, age 21, single, daughter of Booker and Nancy Dalton. 11 December 1866. Married by William Motley. SIMPSON, Levi H., age 23, single, occupation Farmer, son of Thomas and Susan Simpson to Elizabeth Craft, age 23, single, daughter of D. and Elizabeth Croff. 7 November 1863. Married by A. H. Johnson. SIMPSON, Lodrick K., age 22, single, occupation Farmer, son of David and Mary B. Simpson to Jennie E. Harvey, age 25, single, daughter of William P. Harvey. 9 December 1868. Married by J.J. Lamkin. SIMPSON, Ulam B., age 23, single, occupation Farmer, son of Coleman and Satha L. Simpson to Lucy A. Irby, age 22, single, daughter of Christopher and Sarah Irby. 7 April 1867. Married by John S. Glass. SIMS, William E., age 23, single, occupation Planter, son of John H. and Mary Sims to Matoaka Whittle, age 21, single, daughter of James M and Cornelia Whittle. 17 October 1865. Married by George T. Wilmer. SLAUGHTER, John A., age 28, widowed, occupation Physician, son of Charles D and Juliett E. Slaughter to Fannie W. Graves, age 18, single, daughter of John C. and Anna L. Graves. 20 July 1865. SLAYTON, Robert T., age 21, single, occupation Farmer, son of Benjamin and Martha Slayton to Mary J. Farmer, age 22, single, daughter of Hartwell and Jane C. Farmer.20 October 1868. Married by James Anderson. SLAYTON, Thomas J., age 20, single, occupation Farmer, son of William and Martha A. Slayton to Elizabeth J. Walton, age 16, single, daughter of Bannister and Sarah A. Walton. 13 January 1869. Married by W.R. McDonald. SMALLWOOD, Elijah, age 23, single, occupation Farmer, son of (no name given) to Wheatthy J. Hankins, age 28, widowed, daughter of (no name given) 24 April 1865. Married by William S. McDowell. SMITH, Anthony, age 63, widowed, occupation Farmer, son of "Not Known" to Delphia Young, age 40, widowed, daughter of "Not Known." 2 September 1867. Married by Josiah D. Hank. SMITH, David, age 30, widowed, occupation Farmer, son of "Not Known" to Polly Lewis, age 32, widowed, daughter of William and Delphia Lewis. 26 December 1867. Married by John C. Smith. SMITH, George, age 21, single, occupation Farmer, son of Ralph and Dinnie Smith to Eliza Adkins, age 20, single, daughter of Martin and Mary A. Adkins. 7 April 1867. Married by Mordecai Hagood. SMITH, Jabez, age 55, single, occupation Farmer, son of George K. and Susan Smith to Catharine A. Mahan, age 33, single, daughter of David and Susan Mahan.31 August 1865. Married by Asa Hodnett. SMITH, James R., age 25, single, occupation Farmer, son of William R. and Frances E. Smith to Elizabeth W. Templeton, age 20, single, daughter of Thomas and Permelia Templeton. 20 December 1866. Married by Charles A. Miles. SMITH, James W., age 26, single, occupation Farmer, son of Hezekiah and Ann V. Smith to Mary A. Scarce, age 20, single, daughter of David and Ann Scarce. 4 August 1867. Married by William S. McDowell. SMITH, James W., age 28, single, occupation Farmer, son of John and Letitia Smith to Sally P. Shields, age 23, single, daughter of Anderson and Barbara Shields. 26 December 1867. Married by W.B. McGilvray. SMITH, John, age 21, single, occupation Farmer, son of America Smith to Manda Haley, age 16, single, daughter of "Not Known". 4 May 1867. Married by Isaiah Ramsey. SMITH, John, age 33, single, occupation Farmer, son of Samuel R. and Louisa Smith to Cintha M. Hamlett, age 35, widowed, daughter of Joab and Elizabeth Oakes. 27 February 1868. Married by William S. McDowell. SMITH, John Anthony, (no information given)to Mary Ann Keen, (no information given). 13 November 1860. Married by Joseph Spriggs. SMITH, John H., age 18, single, occupation Farmer, son of Allen and Matilda Smith to Frances Fuller, age 18, single, daughter of Sindy Smith. 23 December 1869. Married by Balaam Warren. SMITH, John T., age 25, single, occupation Farmer, son of Thomas and Catharine Smith to Mary F. Hall, age 25, single, daughter of Coalman and Leanah F. Hall. 8 November 1866. Married by C. C. Chaplin. SMITH, John T., age 26, widowed, occupation Farmer, son of Thomas and Catharine Smith to Elizabeth Henderson, age 21, single, daughter of Abraham and Sarah Henderson.25 November 1868. SMITH, Mansel T., (no information given) to Sally Bennett, (no information given). 22 February 1860. Married by William H. Matthews. SMITH, William, age 22, single, occupation Farmer, son of James and Lavenia Smith to Bettie J. Holt, age 21, single, daughter of "Not Known". 13 February 1866. SMITH, William H., age 24, single, occupation Farmer, son of Samuel R. and Louisa Smith to Nancy F. Hammock, age 24, single, daughter of Tilda A. Hammock. 15 September 1867. Married by Abner Anthony. SNEAD, Robert L., age 23, single, occupation Farmer, son of James and Patsy Snead to Elizabeth Lester, age 22, single, daughter of James and Martha Lester.18 March 1863. Married by Reubin D. Rucker. SNOW, Abner, age 32, single, occupation Farmer, son of Osborn T. and Easy Snow to Sarah C. Milam, age 33, single, daughter of James P. and Malinda Milam.13 December 1868. Married by Mordecai Hagood. SNOW, David R., age 26, single, occupation Farmer, son of Richard and Mary Snow to Mary C. Stone, age 25, single, daughter of John and Elizabeth Stone. 24 September 1863. Married by William H. Matthews. SNOW, William, age 22, single, occupation Farmer, son of Patty Walden to Aphilanda Haley, age 16, single, daughter of Henry Haley and Mariah his wife. 8 January 1867. Married by M. L. Bishop. STANFIELD, William, age 22, single, occupation Farmer, son of Daniel and Celia Johnson to Julia Pollok, age 25, single, daughter of John and Drucila Pollok. 30 December 1869. Married by Hezekiah Smith. STEPHENS, Benjamin F., age 24, single, occupation Farmer, son of Pleasant and Jane Stephens to Francis Scarce, age 22, single, daughter of Joel and Nancy Scarce. 7 April 1864. Married by William M. Ferguson. STEVENS, Isaac D., age 24, single, occupation Farmer, son of Stephen B. and Mary Stephens to Susan F. Ramsay, age 25, single, daughter of Haily A. and Eliza Ramsay. 21 December 1865. Married by Abner Anthony. STEVENS, Thomas J., age 60, widowed, occupation Carpenter, son of Reubin and Eady Stevens to Sarah F. Hankins, age 30, single, daughter of Reubin A. and Mary Hankins. 20 September 1866. Married by B. J. Hall. STEVENS, William H., age 21, single, occupation Farmer, son of James and Cynthia Stevens to Tabitha Jane Beavers, age 23, single, daughter of John F. and Elizabeth Beavers. 24 October 1866. Married by William B. McGilvray. STILL, Benjamin F., age 36, single, occupation Farmer, son of Robbin Still and Eliza his wife to Mary Ann Price, age 23, single, daughter of Scott Fitts and Mariah his wife. 25 December 1866. Married by Arthur W. Eanes. STILL, Squire, age 60, widowed, occupation Farmer, son of "Not Known" to Lucy Swanson, age 40, single, daughter of Milly Swanson. 25 July 1869. Married by Balaam Warren. STOKES, James T., age 27, single, occupation Farmer, son of H.Y. and Lucy Stokes to Emma T. Stone, age 21, single, daughter of James and Rebecca Stone. 27 March 1866. Married by C.C. Chaplin. STONE, Moses, age 28, widowed, occupation Farmer, son of Richard Scruggs and Matilda his wife to Emma Coles, age 23, single, daughter of Daniel and Sinda Coles. 9 November 1867. Married by J.J. Lamkin. STONE, Robert, age 26, single, occupation Farmer, son of David and Judia Stone to America Keesee, age 22, widowed, daughter of William and Alcy Keesee.3 January 1869. Married by James Anderson. STONE, Samuel, (no information given) to Elizabeth J. Scott, (no information given). 20 December 1860. Married by M. L. Bishop. STONE, Thomas, age 40, widowed, occupation Farmer, son of Sifax Clark and Dorcas his wife to Agnes Lovelace, age 18, single, daughter of Lowry and Winny Lovelace. 15 September 1867. Married by William H. Matthews. STONE, Zackariah, age 21, single, occupation Farmer, son of Jacob and Rachel Stone to Agnes Wooding, age 20, single, daughter of James Saunders and Polly his wife. 20 February 1869. Married by William H. Matthews. STOWE, Samuel H., age, 19, single, occupation Farmer, son of John and Susan Stowe to Martha A. Giles, age 16, single, daughter of John A. and Nancy Giles. 9 May 1861. Married by Asa Hodnett. STRAITOR, Sidney, age 23, single, occupation Farmer, son of David Glass and Franky Nunley to Rachael Dodson, age 17, single, daughter of Alfred and Sarah E. Dodson. 12 April 1868. Married by Harrison Scott. STRICKLAND, Francis M., age 21, single, occupation Farmer, son of James B. and Mary E. Strickland to Mary J. Chaney, age 20, single, daughter of Henry C. and Louisa Chaney. 3 December 1868. Married by W. R. McDonald. SUTHARD, William R., age 20, single, occupation Farmer, son of John and Milly Suthard to Mary A. Cook, age 28, single, daughter of Edward and Cassanda Cook. 23 December 1867. Married by C.C. Chaplin. SWAIN, Joshua B., age 22, single, occupation Miller, son of Joshua B. and Martha A. Swain to Emma R. Shockly, age 30, single, daughter of Shedrick and Frances C. Shockly. 12 November 1868. Married by Josiah D. Hank. SWANN, Hughey, age 28, single, occupation Farmer, son of Hughey and Selia Swann to Ruth Allen, age 21, single, daughter of Betsy Allen. 6 December 1866. Married by Harrison Scott. SWANSON, Francis A., age 24, single, occupation Tobacconist, son of John and Julia Swanson to Sarah Ann Payne, age 20, single, daughter of William H. Payne. 30 April 1861. Married by Jacob Though. SWANSON, J. W. C., age 34, single, occupation Farmer, son of John and Julia Swanson to Julia A. Trotter, age 25, single, daughter of James and A.W. Trotter. 12 November 1863. Married by L.S. Hansberger. SWANSON, James M., age 28, single, occupation Merchant, son of John and Julia B. Swanson to Josephine Inge, age 24, single, daughter of John M. and Harriet E. Inge. 1 December 1868. Married by D.M. Wallace. SWANSON, Joseph, age 52, widowed, occupation Farmer, son of Miles Friend and Cindy his wife to Maria Berger, age 35, widowed, daughter of Archer Berger.19 May 1867. Married by Mordecai Hagood. SWANSON, Samuel F., age 26, single, occupation Farmer, son of Samuel A. and S. E. Swanson to Sarah E. Witcher, age 18, single, daughter of Nathaniel N. and Paulina W. Witcher.6 February 1866. Married by James J. Lamkin. Submitted by Posey L. Adkins Jr. **************************************************************** USGENWEB NOTICE: These electronic pages may NOT be reproduced in any format for profit or presentation by any other organization or persons. Persons or organizations desiring to use this material, must obtain the written consent of the contributor, or the legal representative of the submitter, and contact the listed USGenWeb archivist with proof of this consent. Files may be printed or copied for personal use only. ****************************************************************