Education in Colonial Virgnia: Part V; Wm. and Mary Qrtly.; Vol. 7, No. 1 Transcribed by Kathy Merrill for the USGenWeb Archives Special Collections Project ************************************************************************ USGENWEB ARCHIVES NOTICE: These electronic pages may NOT be reproduced in any format for profit or presentation by any other organization or persons. Persons or organizations desiring to use this material, must obtain the written consent of the contributor, or the legal representative of the submitter, and contact the listed USGenWeb archivist with proof of this consent. The submitter has given permission to the USGenWeb Archives to store the file permanently for free access. http://www.usgwarchives.net *********************************************************************** Education in Colonial Virgnia: Part V: Influence of William and Mary College William and Mary College Quarterly Historical Magazine, Vol. 7, No 1. (Jul., 1898), pp. 1-9. WILLIAM AND MARY COLLEGE QUARTERLY HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. VOL. VII. JULY, 1898. NO. 1 EDUCATION IN COLONIAL VIRGINIA. PART V. INFLUENCE OF WILLIAM AND MARY COLLEGE(1). Towards the close of the last instalment of this article, an account was given of the influence of the college of Philadelphia or University of Pennsylvania, and the college at Princeton upon education in Virginia. But it was stated that this influence being confined chiefly to the frontier, the management of State affairs remained (as it did till 1850) in the hands of men of the eastern counties. I then promised to make a comparative statement of the educational sources of this influence. This may be best done, perhaps, by analyzing the memberships of the representative bodies which in the formation and development of Virginia and the union made American history. STAMP ACT. Patrick Henry, Private Schools. [Author of Stamp Act Resolutions.] COMMITTEE OF CORRESPONDENCE. (Appointed March 12, 1773). Peyton Randolph, William and Mary College. Robert Carter Nicholas, William and Mary College. Richard Bland, William and Mary College. Richard Henry Lee, Leed's Academy, Yorkshire. Benjamin Harrison, William and Mary College. Edmund Pendleton, Private schools. Patrick Henry, Private schools. Dudley Digges, William and Mary College(!). _________________________________________________ (1) See Historical Catalogue of the College and Green's Alumni of Earlier American Colleges, New England Historical and Genealogical Register for January, 1888. Page 2. Dabney Carr, William and Mary College. Archibald Cary, William and Mary College. Thomas Jefferson, William and Mary College. Seven out of eleven attended William and Mary. COMMITTEE OF SAFETY. (Appointed by the Virginia Convention of 1775). Edmund Pendleton, Private schools. John Page, William and Mary College. Thomas Ludwell Lee, (Not known). Dudley Digges, William and Mary (?). Carter Braxton, William and Mary College. John Tabb, England (?). George Mason, Private schools. Richard Bland, William and Mary College. Paul Carrington, William and Mary College. William Cabell, William and Mary College. James Mercer, William and Mary College. Six out of eleven attended William and Mary. COMMITTEE WHO FRAMED THE DECLARATION OF RIGHTS AND STATE CONSTITUTION. Archibald Cary, Chairman, William and Mary College. Meriwether Smith, (Not known). James Mercer, William and Mary College. Henry Lee, Princeton. Bartholomew Dandridge, (Not known). George Gilmer, Scotland. Richard Bland, William and Mary College. Dudley Digges, William and Mary College. Paul Carrington, William and Mary College. Thomas Ludwell Lee, (Not known). William Cabell, William and Mary (?). Joseph Jones, (Not known). John Blair, Jr. William and Mary College. William Fleming, William and Mary College. Henry Tazewell, William and Mary College. Richard Cary, William and Mary College. Cuthbert Bullitt, (Not known). William Watts (Not known). John Banister, England. Page 3. John Page, William and Mary. Bolling Starke, (Not known). David Mason, (Not known). Richard Adams, (Not known). Thomas Read, William and Mary. Thomas Lewis, Ireland. James Madison, Princeton. Robert Rutherford, (Not known). George Mason (draftsman), Private schools. John Harvie, Scotland. William Roscow Wilson Curle, (Not known). James Holt, (Not known). Eleven out of thirty-one are known to have attended William and Mary. DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. Edmund Pendleton, Private schools. [Author of the resolutions in the Virginia Convention reported May 15, 1776, to instruct the delegates of Virginia in Congress to declare the United Colonies free and independent States . . . ] Richard Henry Lee, Leed's Academy, England [Author of the resolution in Congress for independence.] Thomas Jefferson, William and Mary. [Author of the Declaration.] SIGNERS OF THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. George Wythe, William and Mary. Richard Henry Lee, Leed's Academy, Yorkshire. Thomas Jefferson, William and Mary. Benjamin Harrison, William and Mary. Thomas Nelson, Jr(1), Eton and Cambridge. Francis Lightfoot Lee, Private tutors. Carter Braxton, William and Mary. Four out of seven attended William and Mary. CONTINENTAL CONGRESS. Thomas Adams, 1778-'80 William and Mary. John Banister, 1778-'79, England. Richard Bland, 1774-'75, William and Mary. Theodoric bland, 1780-'83, William and Mary. Carter Braxton, 1775-'76, William and Mary. _____________________________________________________________ (1) In the Historical Catalogue the Thomas Nelson entered was not General Thomas Nelson, but a son of his uncle, Secretary Thomas Nelson. Page 4. John Brown, 1787-88, William and Mary, and Eng. Edward Carrington, 1785-'86, (Not known). William Fitzhugh, 1779-'80, (Not known). William Fleming, 1779-'81, William and Mary. William Grayson, 1784-'87, College of Philadelphia. Cyrus Griffin, 1778-'81, 1788-'88, England. Samuel Hardy, 1783-'85, William and Mary. Benjamin Harrison, 1774-'78, William and Mary. John Harvie, 1777-'79, Scotland. James Henry, 1780-'81, (Not known). Patrick Henry, 1774-'76, Private schools. Thomas Jefferson, 1775-'77, 1783-'85, William and Mary. Joseph Jones, 1777-'78, 1780-'83, (Not known). Arthur Lee, 1781-'84, Eton, Middle Temple and Edinburgh. Francis Lightgoot Lee, 1775-'80, Private tutors. Henry Lee, 1785-'88, Princeton. Richard Henry Lee, 1774-'80, 1784-'87, Leed's Academy, England. James Madison, Jr., 1780-'83, 1786-'88, Princeton. James Mercer, 1779-'80, William and Mary. John F. Mercer, 1782-'85, William and Mary. James Monroe, 1783-'86, William and Mary. Thomas Nelson, 1775-'77, 1779-'80, Eton and Cambridge. Mann Page, 1777-77, William and Mary. Edmund Pendleton, 1774-'75, Private schools. Edmund Randolph, 1779-'80, William and Mary. Peyton Randolph, 1st Pres., 1774-'75, William and Mary. Meriwether Smith, 1778-'82, (Not known). George Washington, 1774-'75, 1775-'77, Private schools. Fifteen out of thirty-three attended William and Mary. ANNAPOLIS CONVENTION John Tyler, William and Mary. [Who in the Virginia Legilature proposed the meeting.] Edmund Randolph, delegate, William and Mary. James Madison, delegate, Princeton. Dr. Walter Jones, delegate, William and Mary. St. George Tucker, delegate, William and Mary. Meriwether Smith, delegate, (Not known). George Mason, delegate, Private schools. William Ronald, delegate, Scotland. David Ross, delegate, Scotland. Page 5. Three attended the convention, Edmund Randolph and St. George Tucker, of William and Mary, and James Madison, of Princeton. FEDERAL CONVENTION, 1787. George Washington, Private schools. James McClurg, William and Mary. Edmund Randolph, William and Mary. John Blair, William and Mary. James Madison, Princeton. George Mason, Private schools. George Wythe, William and Mary. [William and Mary, 4; Private schools, 2; Princeton, 1.] GOVERNORS FROM 1776-1861. Patrick Henry, 1776-'79, to 1784-'86, Private schools. Thomas Jefferson, 1779-1781, William and Mary. Thomas Nelson, 1781, Eton and Cambridge. Benjamin Harrison, 1781-1784, William and Mary. Edmund Randolph, 1786-1788, William and Mary. Beverley Randolph, 1788-1791, William and Mary. Henry Lee, 1781-'94, Princeton. Robert Brooke, 1794-'96, Un'rsity of Edinburgh. James Wood, 1796-'99, Private schools. James Monroe, 1799-1802, 1811, William and Mary. John Page, 1802-1804, William and Mary. William H. Cabell, 1805-'8, William and Mary. John Tyler, 1808-'11, William and Mary. George William Smith, 1811-'12, Private schools. James Barbour, 1812-'14, Private schools. Wilson Cary Nicholas, 1814-'17, William and Mary. James P. Preston, 1817-'19, William and Mary. Thomas Mann Randolph, 1819-'22, England. James Pleasants, Jr., 1822-'25, Private tutors. John Tyler, 1825-'27, William and Mary. William Branch Giles, 1827-'30, Princeton, Hampden-Sidney, William and Mary. John Floyd, 1830-'33, Dick'son College, Penn. Littleton Waller Tazewell, 1833-'36, William and Mary. Wyndham Robertson, 1836-'37, William and Mary. David Campbell, 1837-'40, Private schools. Thomas W. Gilmer, 1840-'41, Private schools. Page 6. John M. Patton, 1841, University of Penn. John Rutherford, 1841-'42, Princeton. John M. Gregory, 1842-'43, William and Mary. James McDowell, 1843-'46, Yale College. William Smith, 1846-'49, Private schools. John B. Floyd, 1849-'52, College of S. Carolina. Joseph Johnston, 1852-'56, Private schools. Henry A. Wise, 1856-'60, Washington College, Penn. John Letcher, 1860-'63, Randolph-Macon. Fifteen out of thirty-three attended William and Mary College. ADMIRALTY COURT OF VIRGINIA. Appointed by Convention(1). John Blair, December, 1775, William and Mary. James Holt, same day, (Not known). Edmund Randolph, same day, William and Mary. Joseph Prentis, July 5, 1776, William and Mary. James Hubard, same day, William and Mary. John Tyler, same day, William and Mary. Five out of six attended William and Mary. SUPREME COURT OF VIRGINIA(2). Edmund Pendleton, January 14, 1778, Private schools. George Wythe, same day, William and Mary. Robert Carter Nicholas, same day, William and Mary. John Blair, Nov. 28, 1780, William and Mary. Joseph Jones, January 23, 1778, (Not known). John Blair, same day, William and Mary. Thomas Ludwell Lee, same day, (Not known). Paul Carrington, same day, William and Mary. Bartholomew Dandridge, May 29, 1778, (Not known). John Tazewell, same day, William and Mary. Peter Lyons, October 20, 1779, Ireland. _______________________________________________________________ (1) These judges were appointed to enforce the Continental Association, and were the first in Virginia who received theier authority directly from the people. (2) The Supreme Court, as organized in 1778, consisted till 1788, of the three judges of the High Court of Chancery, the three judges of the General Court, and the three judges of the Admiralty Court. In the above list the first four were judges of the High Court of Chancery. The next thirteen, judges of the general court, and the next seven, judges of the Admiralty Court. In 1788, the Supreme Court was made to consist of five judges. The list above does not include the judges of the Special Court of Appeals appointed at a later day. Page 7. William Fleming, November 25, 1780, William and Mary. James Mercer, November 30, 1781, William and Mary. Henry Tazewell, April 25, 1785, William and Mary. St. George Tucker, same day, William and Mary. Gabriel Jones, same day, London. Richard Parker, same day, (Not known). Richard Cary, December 17, 1776, William and Mary. William Holt, same day, (Not known). Bernard Moore, same day, (Not known). Benjamin Waller, ------, 1778, William and Mary. William Roscow Wilson Curle, ---, 1778, (Not known). James Henry, ------, 1778, (Not known). John Tyler, Dec. 20, 1785, William and Mary. Henry Tazewell, Nov. 5, 1793, William and Mary. Spencer Roane, Dec. 2, 1794, William and Mary. St. George Tucker, Jan. 6, 1804, William and Mary. James Pleasants, Jr., Jan. 30, 1811, Private schools. Francis T. Brooke, Jan. 30, 1811, Private schools. William H. Cabell, March 21, 1810, William and Mary. John Coalter, May 11, 1811, (Not known). John N. Green, Oct. 4, 1822, (Not known). Dabney Carr, Feb. 24, 1824, (Not known). Henry St. George Tucker, 1830-'31, William and Mary. William Brockenbrough, Feb. 20, 1834, William and Mary. Richard E. Parker, Feb. 9, 1837, (Not known). Robert Stanard, Jan, 19, 1839, William and Mary. John J. Allen, Dec. 14, 1840, University of Virginia. Briscoe G. Baldwin, Jan. 29, 1842, William and Mary. William Daniel, Dec. 15, 1846, Hampden-Sidney College and University of Virginia. Richard C. L. Moncure, Marcy 13, 1851, (Not known). George H. Lee, 1854, University of Virginia. Green B. Samuels, 1854, (Not known). William J. Robertson, May, 1859, University of Virgina. Twenty-two out of forty-three judges attended William and Mary. PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. George Washington, 1789-1797, Private schools. Thomas Jefferson, 1801-1809, William and Mary. James Madison, 1809-1817, Princeton. James Monroe, 1817-1825, William and Mary. Page 8. William Henry Harrison, 1841, Hampden-Sidney. John Tyler, 1841-1845, William and Mary. Zachary Taylor, 1849-1850, Private schools. Three out of seven Presidents born in Virgina attended William and Mary. CABINET OFFICERS. Thomas Jefferson, James Monroe, John Marshall, William T. Barry, John Breckenridge, George M. Bibb, John Nelson, and Alexander H. H. Stuart. Nine cabinet officers educated at William and Mary, to whom might be added Richard C. Archer, Secretary of War, Republic of Texas. SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES. John Marshall, Chief Justice, 1800-1835, William and Mary. John Blair, 1789-1796, William and Mary. Bushrod Washington, 1798-1829, William and Mary. Philip P. Barbour, 1836-1841, William and Mary. All the judges appointed from Virginia were educated at William and Mary. ARMY OF THE UNITED STATES. Winfield Scott, Commander-in-Chief, William and Mary. UNITED STATES SENATORS FROM 1789 TO 1860. William Grayson, 1789-1790, College of Philadelphia. John Walker, 1790, William and Mary. Richard Henry Lee, 1789-1792, Leeds Academy, Yorkshire. James Monroe, 1790-1794, William and Mary. John Taylor, 1792-1794, 1803, 1822-1824, William and Mary. Henry Tazewell, 1794-1799, William and Mary. Stevens Thompson Mason, 1794-1803, William and Mary. Wilson Cary Nicholas, 1799-1804, William and Mary. William B. Giles, 1804-1815, Hampden-Sidney, Yale, William and Mary. Andrew Moore, 1804-1809, Private schools. Abraham B. Venable, 1803-1804, Hampden-Sidney and Princeton. Richard Brent, 1809-1815, (Not known). James Barbour, 1815-1825, William and Mary. Armistead T. Mason, 1815-1817, William and Mary. John W. Eppes, 1817-1819, Private tutors. James Pleasants, Jr., 1819-1822, Private tutors. Page 9. Littleton Waller Tazewell, 1824-1832, William and Mary. John Randolph, 1825-1827, William and Mary Grammar School, Princeton and Columbia. John Tyler, 1827-1836, William and Mary. William C. Rives, 1832-1834, 1836- 1839, 1841-'45, William and Mary. Benjamin Watkins Leigh, 1834-1837, William and Mary. Richard E. Parker, 1835, (Not known). William H. Roane, 1837-1841, (Not known). William S. Archer, 1841-1847, William and Mary. James M. Mason, 1845-1860, Academic education at University of Pennsylvania, law and government at William and Mary. Isaac S. Pennybacker, 1845-1847, Private schools. Ro. M. T. Hunter, 1847-1860, University of Virginia. Twenty-seven senators, of whom thirteen received education solely at William and Mary, and two others (Giles and James M. Mason) received their law and constitutional education there. SPEAKERS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Philip P. Barbour, 1821, William and Mary. Andrew Stevenson, 1827, William and Mary. R. M. T. Hunter, 1839, University of Virginia. John W. Jones, 1843, William and Mary. Three out of four furnished by Virginia were William and Mary graduates. FIRST CLERK OF HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AND FIRST LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS. John James Beckley, William and Mary.