Washington and his Neighbors; Wm. and Mary Qrtly., Vol. 4, No. 1, 1895

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Washington and his Neighbors

   Lyon G. Tyler

   William and Mary College Quarterly Historical Magazine, Vol. 4, No. 1.
   (Jul., 1895), pp. 28-43.

                    WASHINGTON AND HIS NEIGHBORS.
 
                            BY THE EDITOR.

   Until 1630 the settlements of the English in Virginia were confined to
the Accomac Peninsula and the valley of the James.  In 1630 the first
settlements were planted on the south side of the York River at Chiskiack
and York.  Nearly about the same time, William Claiborne made a settle-
ment in Kent Island, at the head of Chesapeake Bay.  The quarrel with 
Lord Baltimore caused many of the English settlers at Kent Island to plant
on the neck between the Rappahannock and Potomac Rivers and Chickacoan,
which became a point d'appuri for Claiborne and his friends.  In November,
1645, the inhabitants of Chickacoan, or Northumberland county, as it was
called in 1648, were represented in the House of Burgesses by Col. John
Mottrom.  The war with the Indians, which broke out the year before,
temporarily depressed the colonization of this section of the colony, and

the treaty of peace in 1646 prohibited, till further order, all emigration
to the north side of Charles (York) and Rappahannock Rivers. But this
restriction was repealed in 1648, and immigrants in large numbers poured
in from England, from Maryland, from New England, and old settled portions
of Virginia.  In 1651 Gloucester county was formed out of territory be-
tween the York and Pianketank Rivers, and the same year the country be-
tween Pianketank and Dividing Creek was erected into the county of Lan-
caster.  Thus, in that year York, Gloucester, Lancaster and Northumberland
rose one above another on the water's front, with indefinite western
frontiers.

   A study of the records of these counties affords some very interesting
results.

   The settlers were of the merchant class, and the sea being to them, in-
stead of a separation, a connecting bridge between England and Virginia,
the plantations were mere suburbs of London and Bristol, the great colon-
izing centres.

   In England at this time the trades were in high repute. The

Page 29.

younger sons of the English gentry resorted to the cities and became
tailors, grocers, coopers, weavers, &c.  There could be no caste in Eng-
land, since the proudest noble found himself compelled to treat with re-
spect the class into which his younger sons were for a livelihood forced
to enter.  These merchants, while not calling themselves "gentlemen", 
still clung to the coat-of-arms which descended from the gentlemanly
ancestors.  The possession of land restored the old title of gentleman,
and land was easy to get in Virginia.

   There was another distinction.  The term servant was also in repute,
or, if not in repute, was not so offensive as to prevent the temporary
assumption of that condition by many of the settlers for the benefit of
protection from some more wealthy colonizer.  "Servant", too, was a very
general term, and was applied to all apprentices, secretaries, and factors.
A man often called his brother or nephew his servant.  The ward was said
to be freed from his guardianship, and during his non-age the ward was a
servant.  William Branthwait, a kinsman of Lord Baltimore, and Deputy-
Governor of Maryland, married Eleanor Stevenson, a runaway servant girl
of Sir Edmund Plowden(1).  All the early colonists of Virginia were
servants of the London Company, and "constrayned to serve, as if they had
been slaves, seven or eight years for their freedom", though "many of
them were of Auneyent Howses and borne to estates of 1000 lbs. [in present
money $25,000] by the year."

   Massachusetts offered a reward of L5 for every servant imported, and
the Rev. John White, the friend of Governor Winthrop, wrote in 1632 that
"the very scum of the earth was sent to New England"(2).  Surely, the
word servant had a wide meaning.  It was the contradiction of the times
to regard a servant as "scum", and yet to use the word without any other
meaning than as employee; and men of the best quality freely entered into
indentures of temporary servitude.

   Again, the published records of New England, Pennsylvania, Maryland,
Virginia, etc., show that ignorance of letters was by no means confined
to the lowly.  Two of William Penn's councillors could not write.  The
records of Suffolk county, Mass., in which Boston is situated, are full
of marks for signatures.

   The western part of Northumberland county was made into Westmoreland
county in 1653, which was declared to run from Machotick River, "where
Mr. Cole lives, and so upwards to the

Page 30.

falls of the great river of Potomac, above the Necostins town" (the
present site of Washington), comprising the present counties of Westmore-
land, Stafford, and Fairfax.

   The Mr. Cole mentioned in the act from the Maryland records seems to
have come in as a "servant" to Father Andrew White about 1634, but had

high notions of his importance.  His house on the Potomac was called 
"Salisbury Park", and he had stores of merchandise and many servants.  In
1665 he is reported as saying in the presence of several gentlemen that
"Sir William Berkley durst not show his face in England", that if the 
said Cole were in England he had better credit than his "Honor", that 
"He Expected his Brother to come in Governor who should kick his Honour
from his place, And he should be a Councelor at Least, And then he would
Act knavery by Authority"; that "he had formerly a better man (than
Berkeley) for his pimpe, for a knight of Malta was his pimpe", etc.  As
to his neighbors, "Hardwich and Hutt were rogues", and Washington "an
ass-negroe-driver", whom he would have up before the governor and council,
"as a Companie of Caterpillar fellowes" who "live upon my bills of ex-
port".  When Richard Cole died in 1674, he required that his body be
buried upon his plantation in a neat coffin of black walnut, and over it
a gravestone of black marble to be sent for out of England "with my coate
Armour engraven in brasse & under it this Epitaph:

               Heere lies Dick Cole a grevious Sinner,
               That died a Little before Dinner,
               Yet hopes in Heaven to find a place,
               To Satiate his soul wth Grace".(3)

   At the same place resided also about the same period "Col. Richard
Lee(4) late of Stratford Langton in ye County of Essex in ye Kingdom of
England, Esq.,"(5) and his eldest son Dr. John Lee, the former the 
ancestor of the patriot Robert E. Lee; Isaac Allerton(6), late of New
England, Henry Corbin, son of Thomas Corbin, Esq., of Hall End, in War-
wickshire, and brother of Gawin Corbin, "citizen and leather seller" of
London, and Dr. Thomas Gerrard(7), who had been a councillor in Maryland
and banished from there for taking part in the rebellion of Josias Fendall.

   The character of the society at Machodic was, as stated, truly suburban.
In 1659, when Samuel Mathews was governor, John Gibbon was a visitor in
the house of Richard Lee(8).  In this remote province his love or passion
for heraldry found a signular gratification at a war dance of the native
Indians, their shields of bark and

Page 31.

naked bodies being painted with the colors and symbols of his favorite
science.  Upon his return to England, Gibbon was made, in 1670, "Blue
Mantle Pursuivant of Arms in the Heralds' College."  In his work styled,
Introductio ad Latnian Blasoniam, he describes Lee as descended from the
Lees of Shropshire, and his coat-of-arms as "Gul. a fess, chequy or, BI
between 8 billets arg."  I find Gibbon's book in the published list of
the books of Col. Richard Lee, the second of the name(9).

   The Englishmen on the banks of the Potomac mingled elegant pleasures 
with rude labors and perilous enterprises.  There is a record of a contract
in 1670 between John Lee, son of Col. Richard Lee, then deceased, Henry
Corbin, Isaac Allerton, and Dr. Thomas Gerrard, for building a banqueting
house at or near their respective lands(10).  The English colonist acted
as far as the circumstances would permit, precisely as he would in London.
It was a rare thing if the richer settlers did not visit the mother country
once during each year.  Very different was this from the experience of
the western trappers, of whom Daniel Boone was the pioneer, and who were
truly isolated among the savages by the vast plains and mountain barriers.

   Some miles above Machodic, at Nomini Creek, resided Walter Brodhurst,
who came to Virginia from Maryland about the same time as Dr. Gerrard,
and was the son of William Brodhurst, Esq., of Lilleshall, Shropshire
county, England; Edmund Brent, a kinsman of Col. Giles Brent, formerly
Governor of Maryland, and afterwards of Stafford county(11); Nicholas
Spencer, formerly of Cople, in Bedfordshire, and afterwards President of
the Virginia council; Valentine Peyton(12), son of Henry Peyton, Esq., of
Lincoln's Inn, Middlesex county, Eng., Major John Hallowes(18), or Hollis,
formerly a carpenter and servant of Capt. Thomas Cornwallis, afterwards
justice, colonel, burgess, etc.

   Above Nomini resided at Appomattox Creek (not Mattox) Col. John Washing-
ton, his father-in-law, Col. Nathaniel Pope, William Butler, the minister,
and Andrew Monroe, who lived in Maryland, in 1643(14).

   Still further up the river, beyond Nomini, were Samuel Hayward(15),
living at chotank, in what is now Stafford county, and Col. Giles Brent(16)
and his famous sister, margaret Brent, at "Peace" on Acquia Creek.  Other
settlers were Capt. John Ashton(17), Capt. John Lord, brother of Richard
Lord, of Hartford, New England; Capt. William Hardwich, a tailor from
Maryland, brother-in-law

Page 32.

of Mrs. Washington; Thomas Sturman(18), of Maryland; Daniel Hutt, formerly
of London; John Rosier(19), minister; Anthony Bridges, Capt. George Mason
(born in 1629), John Hillier, Capt. Thomas Ewell(20), Col. Gerrard 
Fowke(21), Col. Thomas Speke(22), Capt. William Pierce(23), Capt, John
Appleton(24), Col. Thomas Blagg, Capt. Alexander Bainham, Col. John
Dodman(25). Lewis Markham(26), Clement Spelman(27), William Browne (28),
of Plymouth, Daniel Lisson(29), Robert Vaulx(30), and Capt. Thomas and
William Baldridge(31).

   Of all these early immigrants, Col. John Washington, ancestor of the
President, naturally attracts the most attention.  The records of West-
moreland afford some conclusive evidence regarding him(32).

   Time of Arrival. - According to the deposition of William Meares, aged
thirty-two, Washington arrived in Virginia in 1656, in the capacity of
"second man" or mate to Edward Prescott, a merchant.  Mr. Stanrd errs in
giving an earlier settlement.  The commission to which he refers does not
contain the name of Washington, as he supposes.  This I know from careful
personal examination.  But here it is:

       "4th April, 1655.  Comrs for ye County of Westmoreland,

   Mr. Thomas Speke,              Mr. John Dodman,
   Mr. Nathaniel Pope,            Mr. Gerrard ffowke,
   Mr. John Hallowes,             Mr. James Baldridge,
   Mr. Walter Brodhurst,          Mr. Alex Bainham,
   Mr. John  Hillier,             Lieut. Tho. Blagg.

     "These appointed by ye Governr & councell to be of ye Militia for ye
said County of Westmoreland   Colonel Thomas Speke, Lieut Col. Nath:
Pope, Major John Hallowes, Capt Tho Blagg, Capt Alex Bainham.
     "Vera copia Sack Brewer(33) 20 July 1655 this order was Recorded."

   The first letter of Major John Hollowes's name is written something like
a "w", and probabaly it was this similarity that led Mr. Stanard into 
error.


   Age of Col. John Washington. - Mr. Stanard states(34) his age to be
forty-five in 1674, but perhaps this cannot be positively affirmed,  The
will of Richard Cole was proved June 24, 1674, and the affidavit of Col.
Washington has reference to this will:

   "Deposition of Coll. John Washington, aged 45 years or thereabouts,
Declareth that hee hath heard Mr. Richd Cole Deceased declare that hee had
made a will, and give his whole estate to younge Mr. Nicholas Spencer and
further saith not.  John Washington."

Page 33.

   This paper is without date, but as the paper before it is dated 5 Jany,
1675-6, I am inclined to think that the deposition was made about that
time.  It is true that immediately following the Washington entry is one
dated 12 February, 1674 (5), but the record, of course, could not be
earlier than the date of the paper preceding.

   So Col. Washington was forty-five in 1676.  He died two years later.
The assumed age harmonizes with Mr. Water's deductions, that John Washing-
ton was the older son of his father, Rev. Lawrence Washington.  He was
born about 1631, and his brother Lawrence about 1635, leaving a sufficient
interval for the births of his sisters, Margaret and Martha Washington.

   The Arrival of Lawrence Washington. - W. H. Whitmore asks(35):  "Is
there any evidence that Lawrence Washington was here before 1667?" the
date of his land-grant.  There is.  It is not always kept in mind that a
settlement in Virginia was not a severance from England.  It is altoghther
probable that Lawrence Washington, as the family tradition affirms, did
come with his brother John in 1656.  He was a merchant, and most merchants
had storehouses in both England and Virginia.  Now, as a witness to the

will of Colonel Nathaniel Pope, May 16, 1659, he must have been in Virginia
that year.  Then, as marrying Mary Jones at Luton, County Bedford, he must
have returned to England before January 26, 1660-'61.  Indeed, there is on
record in Westmoreland a power of attorney from Gabriel Reve, of London,
merchant, to "Lawrence Washington, of Luton, in County Bedford, merchant"
to demand of the heirs, executors, or administrators of Colonel Nathaniel
Pope, late merchant of Virginia, deceased, all debts due from Pope to
Reve; which power of attorney is dated October 31, 1660, and was recorded
February 4, 1661-'62, at the time of the recordation of this paper; and he
probably brought his wife with him.

   Marriages of John Washington. - The will of Col. John Washington, the
immigrant, speaks of a second wife; but it has been supposed that this
wife (name unknown) preceded the marriage to Anne Pope.  I am satisfied
that the first wife of Colonel Washington was Anne Pope, and that the 
second wife was Anne, widow of Walter Brodhurst.  But more than that, he
had a third wife, whose existence has never been dreamed of - a widow,
Frances, daughter of Colonel Valentine Peyton.  Now for the proof:  From
the re-

Page 34.

cords it appears that Walter Brodhurst died between January 26 and
February 12, 1659 - respectively the dates of making and of proving his
will - and that Anne Pope was certainly the wife of Washington previous
to May 11, 1659, when she received a gift from her father, Colonel
Nathaniel Pope, under the name of Anne Pope, alias Washington."  But
that she was not Walter Brodhurst's widow is shown by the record of a
suit, September 20, 1659, in which this lady appears as "Anne, the relict
and widow of Walter Brodhurst".  Ten days later Washington wrote to the
Governor of Maryland that "all the company and gossips were invited to
see his young son baptized", which could not have been more than eight
months after the death of Walter Brodhurst.  The son was baptized during
the marriage with Anne Pope; and it must be remembered that when Washing-
ton came to Virginia in 1656, aged about twenty-five years, he stayed
at the house of Colonel Nathaniel Pope, where, probably his affections
ripened for her, and a marriage shortly afterwards ensued.

   But in 1670 appears this entry under a statement of accounts:

   "Wee whose names are here underneath subscribed according to order of
Westmrland Court bearing dat the 28th of Septembr 1670, having pused the
Genll & Pticular Accounts Exhibited unto us by Lt Coll John Washington
who married Ann the relict of Mr Henry Brett late of y County Deced,
wee hav Examined y whole Inventory & Debts of y said Henry Brett And we
Doe finde that Mrs Ann Brett Washington hath paid beyond Assets the sum
of sixteen thousand three hundred & twentie five pounds of tobacco &
caske," etc., "as witness our hands this 3d of 9br 1670.  John Ashton,
William Horton.  9th of 9ber 1670.  This Report with ye account Annexed
to it was Recorded."

   In another place, under date of 31 May, 1671, Mr. Samuel Brett, of
Plymouth, merchant, empowers certain persons to execute a discharge to
"Lt Coll. Washington who intermarried with Mrs. Anne Brett ye Relict &
administratrix of Henry Brett of Plimouth merchant deceased."

   An inspection of the will of Col. Washington, as published in the New
England Historical and Genealogical Register, dated 21 Sept., 1675, and
proved 10 Jan., 1677, clearly shows that the wife Anne therein mentioned
was not the mother of the three children, Lawrence, John and Anne, but
that the dead wife mentioned was.  Now who was the Anne Washington of
the will?  No other than Anne, the widow of Walter Brodhurst, that in
the interval since his death had picked up Mr. Henry Brett, who, like
most of the leading Virginia merchants, had business in both countries.
This is shown by a letter of Col. Chester to R. A. Brock, which con-

Page 35.

tains a copy of an old document in the Diocesan registry at Litchfield,
dated 12 April, 1678, evidencing that Walter Brodhurst, her son, was
granted administration of "the goods of Anne Washington, alias Brodhurst,
late of Washington parish in ye Countie of Westmrland in ye Country of
Virginia".

   Now in Westmoreland there is recorded a marriage contract betwen Col.
John Washington and Frances Appleton, widow of Capt. John Appleton (nee
Frances Gerrard), dated 10 May, 1676, and of course Mrs. Anne Washington,
the second, must have died previous to that date.

   The will of Henry Brett was probably recorded in England, and its
discovery migiht elad to some further facts.

   In the letter to Mr. Brock, kindly furnished me, Col. Chester states
that "one of his maxims is that there is nothing impossible in geneaolgy".
And the narrative above seems to point that way.  What right had John
Washington, the ancestor of the Father of his Country, to worry the
genealogist in the manner he has done?  marry two Anes and then sur-
reptitiously, as it were, slip in a third wife between the date and
proof of his will?

   LANIER-BALL-WASHINGTON tradition.  QUARTERLY, III, 71, 137.  It ap-
pears that Mr. Thomas M. Clemans, now deceased, communicated in 1890 to
the New England Historical and Genealogical Register (Vol. 44, p. 307)
a satisfactory answer to the inquiries of Mr. Hayden:  "In the records
of Surry county, Virginia, we find that John Washington was betrothed
in 1658 to Mary Flood, widow, whom he afterwards married.  She had
previously married a Mr. Blunt, and after Mr. Washington's death she
married Charles Ford, so she must have been a very attractive woman.  By
Mrs. Flood he had one child, Richard Washington, who sold land in 1678
and died in 1725.  He married Elizabeth Jordan, who died in 1755.  She
was the daughter of Arthur Jordan, who died in 1698.  The children of
the marriage were George, Richard, John, William, Thomas (died in 1749),
Jane, Arthur, Elizabeth (married Samson and Robert Lanier), Priscilla,
Faith, and Mary.  The estate of Mr. Washington was about three miles
below the present town of Claremont, and about nine miles above James-
town".  I have an abstract of the will of Mrs. Elizabeth Washington 
proved in 1738.  It mentions children, George, Thomas, Richard, John,
William, James, Arthur, Elizabeth Lanier, Faith Barker, Mary Hart.  All
of which shows that the tradition of the connection of the poet Sidney
Lanier with the family of President Washington had no founda-

Page 36.

tion in fact, and that, as Mr. Conway suggests, "the stories of Thomas
Lanier's marriage to Elizabeth, an imaginary daughter of Col. John
Washington, and Lewis Lanier's marriage to Miss Ball, an imaginary sis-
ter of Mary Washington, are variants of one myth."

   The Gerrard Family. - Among the neighbors of the Washingtons none
were more conspicuous than Dr. Thomas Gerrard.  His first wife, Susanna,
was the daughter of Justinian Snow, one of the founders of Maryland and
Lord Baltimore's factor in the Indian trade.  Abel Snow, a clerk in the
chancery office, London, and Marmaduke Snow, were two other brothers(34).
Dr. Gerrard was for a long time councillor, but was finally banished
from Maryland for taking part in the insurrection of Josias Fendall in
1659(35).  Before this he had provided a refuge in Virginia, having
obtained on October 18, 1650, a patent for land, and naming among the
headrights his wife Susanna Gerrard, and his children Susanna, Tem-
perance, Frances, Justinian, and John Gerrard.  The same day Walter
Brodhurst patented land next to William Hardwick, on the west side of
"Poor Jack" Creek.  As Walter Brodhurst had a son Gerrard, it raises the
suspicion that his wife, Anna, who afterwards married Col. Washington,
was perhaps a daughter of Col. Thomas Gerrard, as well as Washington's
third wife, Frances.

   Dr. Gerrard's wife, Susanna, died before 1672-'73, whereupon he
married Rose, the widow of John Tucker, whose children were John, Ger-
rard, Sarah (married William Fitzhugh) and Rose, to which children Ger-
rard (then married to his second wife) made a gift.  John Tucker's will
was dated 5 May, 1671, proved 31 May, 1671.  His two daughters were
then under seventeen and unmarried.  Dr. Gerrard had five daughters and
three sons:  1, Susanna (?) Gerrard married Robert Slye, Esq., of the
Maryland Council; 2, Temperance Gerrard, married in 1666, 1st Daniel
Hutt(37), formerly merchant of London, who (will, 3 March, 1673-24 June,
1674) had Gerrard Hutt and Anne.  She married secondly about August,
1675, John Crabbe; 3, Frances Gerrard married first Col. Thomas Speke
(he died in 1659); married second Col. Valentine Peyton and had Gerrard
Peyton, who died s.p. in 1687; third, Capt. John Appleton(38), who died
between February 25, and April 12, 1676.  May 10 she entered into a
marriage contract with Col. John Washington.  4, Mary; 5, Anne Brodhurst
(?); 6, Justinian, called of "Brumley in Maryland", who married Sarah,
widow of Wilkes Maunders; 7, John, who married

Page 37.

Elizabeth, and had John.  Elizabeth married secondly James Johnson, of
Westmoreland, before July 27, 1678.  The widow Rose, relict of Dr.
Thomas Gerrard, married secondly John Newton, who came from Maryland, 
and was the ancestor of the Newton family of Westmoreland.

   The Pope Family. - Nathaniel Pope appears as one of the twenty-four
freeman of the "grand Inquest" in Maryland in 1637.  He affixed a mark
to his writings.  In 1643 he and his nine menial servants were exempted
from all military service.  Sent as agent to Kent Island in 1647, he
attempted, as charged, to persuade the people there to come and live at
Appomattox until they should become strong enough to seize the country
again.  In 1656 he was made Lieutenant-Colonel.  He married Luce -----,
and had: 1, Anne, who married John Washington; 2, Margaret, who married
William Hardwich; 3, Thomas; 4, Nathaniel.

   Thomas Pope moved to the city of Bristol, where he died, leaving a
wife, Joanna, and sons, Thomas, Richard, Charles, John, and Nathaniel.
(Will dated September 3, 1684; proved October 20, 1685.  New Eng. Hist.
and Geneal. Reg., Vol. XLIII., p. 417.)  On February 28, 1710, Joanna
Pope, of Bristol, authorized Thomas Wills, merchant, and Nathaniel Pope,
of Pope's Creek in Virginia, mariner, to dispose of the plantation com-
monly called "the Clifts".  (Essex County Records).


   Mary Pope, alias Bridges, gave a calf to her son Nathaniel Pope, 
alias Bridges, in 1675.  As Mary Nicholas, widow of Lewis Nicholas, she
made presents in 1677 to her son Nathaniel Pope, alias Bridges, and to
her son Lewis Nicholas.  She married, 3rdly, Daniel Whitley, who pro-
mised to keep her children "so farre at school as to write and reade". 
Mary Nicholas refers to her brother and sister, Captain Daniel Lisson 
and Jane, his wife.  The will of John Rosier (will, September-October,
1705) leaves land to Nathaniel Pope, clerk of Stafford and practitioner
at law; and the rest of the estate is given to his wife, Mary Rosier, 
who was Mary Pope, alias Bridges.  Was she the widow of Nathaniel Pope,
son of Colonel Nathaniel Pope?

   Lieutenant-Colonel Pope, on October 20, 1657, gave cattle to his son
Nathaniel and his daughter Margaret Pope.  In 1669 Thomas Pope took an
inventory of the estate of his sister, Margaret Hardwich.  An affection-
ate letter to Mrs. Harwich, written May 8, 1669, by Thomas Patten, of
Bristol, is given further on.

   The Lee Family. - Richard Lee settled in York county about

Page 38.

1642, in which year he obtained a patent for land.  Before the massacre
in 1644 he lived at Tindall's Creek, on the Gloucester side.  May 25,
1646, "William Whitby, gentleman", sold Lee 100 acres at the same place,
part of a larger dividend purchased by George Ludlow and William Whitby
of Argall Yeardly, Esq.  On January 29, 1644-'45, Henry Lee and Richard
Lee, planters, both of the county of York, acknowledged themselves in-
debted to Mrs. Sibella Felgate, widow of Captain Rober Felgate, gentle-
man, deceased, in the sum of 20,000 weight of "good and merchantable
tobacco" for saving harmless the said Mrs. Felgate, who had given to
Henry Lee nine head of cattle "belonging to John Adkins, and formerly
in the custody of Captain Robert Felgate, as having married the mother
of the said John Adkins, who is the brother of Marah, the wife of the
above-bounden Henry Lee."

   Richard Lee and Henry Lee were both justices in 1647.  Richard was a
burgess in 1647, and Henry was a burgess in 1652.

   Richard Lee moved to Westmoreland, and was a member of the Council
betfore 1663.  He married Anne ------, and was dead before 16?1, leaving:
John, Richard, Francis, William, Hancock, Betsy, Anne (who married
Captain Ewell), and Charles.  (See The Lees of Virginia, 1642-1892).

   1.  DR. HENRY LEE (died in 1657), of York county, obtained a certifi-
cate from the court for 250 acres of land for transporting five persons
into the Colony:  John Lee, Henry Lee, Eliz. Blashfield, Anne Russell,
and Thomas Johnson.  He married Marah Adkins and had: 2, Henry; 3, Mary;
4, Sarah.  2.  DR. HENRY LEE (born 1645, died 1693/4) married Alice,
only daughter and heiress of William Davis.  She married, 2dly, Richard
Wood.  Issue: 5, William; 6, Henry.

   5.  WILLIAM LEE married Anne ------, and his will, proved Dec. 16,
1728, mentions issue:  7, Francis; 9, Anne, m. ----- Hunter; 9, Sarah,
m. ------ Baptist.

   7.  FRANCIS LEE died in 1753, and had:  10, William; 11, Henry;
12, Francis.

                           _____________

                              NOTES.

   1.  Maryland Records.

   2.  Colonial State Papers.

   3.  The provisions of the will regarding the funeral were rescinded
by a codicil.  Nicholas Spencer, son of Hon. Nicholas Spencer, Esq., was
made his

Page 39.

devisee.  His widow, Anna, married secondly, Roger Malloch; thirdly,
Thomas Kerton, J.P. of Westmoreland, and agent for the Lord Proprietors.

   4.  For Lee, see Lee of Virginia, 1642-1892, by Edmund J. Lee, M.D.

   5.  This style appears in Richard Lee's will, and in a deed from
Thomas Yowell and Anna his wife to John Lee, eldest son of Col. Richard
Lee. - Westmoreland County Records.

   6.  Isaac Allerton was the only son of Isaac Allerton, "merchant
tailor", by his second wife, Fear, daughter of William Brewster, founder
of the Plymouth Colony. in New England.  He graduated at Harvard in
1650, and came to Virginia shortly after.  He married Elizabeth, the 
sister of Thomas Willoughby, who married Sarah, daughter of Mr. Richard
Thompson.  Ursula, the widow of Thompson, who died after 1651, married
secondly, Col. John Mottrom, and when he died, abut 1655, she married
thirdly, Major George Colclough, who died about 1662 - Northumberland
County Records.  In the Norfolk County Records there is a reference in
1661 to Mr. George Colclough, who married the relict of Mr. Simon Overzee.
She was Elizabeth, and a daughter of Capt. Adam Thorowgood, as Anne, 
the wife of Job Chandler, calls her "sister".

   7.  For Gerrard, see Post.

   8.  N.E.H. & G.R., XLIII. 430.

   9.  See QUARTERLY, Vol. II., p 248.  Lee's Lee of Virginia, 1642-1892.

  10.  See Bishop Meade, II., 146.

  11.  John Boldero, of London, harberdasher, married Margaret, Edmund
Brent's sister, and had Arthur Boldero, a London stationer, and John, a
haberdasher, which last was heir to Edmund Brent, deceased, in 1674. 
Edmund Brent's will (March 26, 1658 - June 28, 165), mentions wife
Rebecca, son Edmund, Jr., and daughter Catharine.  They were all three
dead by 1674.

  12.  For Nicholas Spencer, see N.E.H.& G.R., XLV., pp. 65=68.  He
married Francis, daughter of Col. John Mottrom, of Northumberland county,
and had issue, 1, William, given all the English property; 2, Mottrom;
3, Nicholas; 4, John; 5, Francis.

  13.  See Hayden.  Henry Peyton, brother of Valentine, was brought up
as a tailor.

  14.  Andrew1 Monroe had grants in Virginia from 1650 to 1662.  He is
referred to in the Maryland Archives in one place as "mariner".  He died
about 1668, when his widow married secondly George Horner.  He had issue,
1, Susannah; 2, Elizabeth, married Bunch Roe; 3, Andrew2; 4, George; 5,
William.  Of these children Andrew2 married Ellinor, daughter of Patrick
Spens (he, Spens, was born in 1633, and his will was proved March 26,
1689).  His widow, Dorcas, married secondly John Jordan, whose will, 
proved February 6, 1693, mentions his stepsons Alexander, Patrick,
Thomas, and John Spens, and sons-in-law John Sturman, Andrew Monroe, and
George Weedon, and daughter Ellinor Monroe's daughter Elizabeth.  Issue
of Capt. Andrew2 Monroe (will proved 26th May, 1714), and Ellinor Spens.
1, Spens; 2, Susannah; 3, Andrew2; 4, Elizabeth.  Spens3, d.s.p. about
1725.  I think Spens Monroe, father of President Monroe, was son of
Andrew3.  President Monroe's father was a J.P. and gent., and by his
will, proved February 14,

Page 40.

1774, he had issue, 1, James; 2, Spens; 3, Elizabeth, who married William
Buckner.  President Monroe's mother was Elizabeth, sister of Joseph
Jones, member of Congress.

  15.  Samuel Hayward describes himself in a deed as son of Nicholas
Hayward, of London, merchant.  He became clerk of Stafford county, and
married Martha, sister of Colonel Washington.  Nicholas Hayward, his
brother, lived in London, where he was a popular notary public.

  16.  An order of the Quarter Court, at James City, March 14, 1653, 
directs Brent to "take care to prosecute the bounds and interests of
this colony of Virginia against Lord Baltimore, who had given orders to
his surveyors or secretary to issue grants for the land belonging to
petitioner, Giles Brent, on the south side of Potomac".  April 17, 1654, 
Col. Giles Brent, "being minded to pass ye seas", gave his shallop, his
servants, stock, and other property in Virginia to his sister, Margaret,
in consideration of her promise to support his wife, mary, and maintain
and educate his children.  In 1658 Col. Giles Brent made gift to his
son, Giles, and daughter Mary.  There is also a will of Mary Brent, who
calls herself sister of Col. Giles Brent.  (See for Brent, Richmond
Critic, March 17, 1889).

  17.  Charles Ashton, of Northumberland county (born in 1625, died
1672), married Isabella.  She married secondly Dominick Rice, prominent
in Bacon's Rebellion.  Issue of Charles and Isabella Ashton: 1, John,
son and heir; 2, Elizabeth.  John (died in 1677) married Grace ----- and
had 1, Priscilla; 2, Henry, 3, Charles; 4, Mary; 5, Grace; 6, Sarah.
Henry Meese, merchant, made a gift to Mary, daughter of John and Grace
Ashton in 1670.  Was Grace, wife of John Ashton, a kinswoman of Meese?
After Ashton's death, James Kay married the widow Grace.  Charles Ashton,
became colonel, and married Elizabeth, sole heiress of William Hardwich.
At the time Charles Ashton (first named) was justice of Northumberland,
Peter Ashton, perhaps a kinsman, was justice and burgess of the same
county.

  18.  Thomas Sturman and William Hardwich, his son-in-law, were promi-
nent in the disturbances of Richard Ingle in 1645, and were Puritans.
Thomas Sturman married Anne (her will proved in 1654), and had John,
frequently mentioned in the Maryland Records; 2, Richard; 3, Anne, 
married Thomas Yowell or Ewell [born in 1615]; 4, Elizabeth, married
William Hardwich, who married secondly Margaret Pope; 5, Rosanna ----.
Richard Sturman (will proved in 1668-'69) had issue, Richard, Valentine,
and Mary; "brother Thomas Ball, of London, and his son Thomas".  His
widow, Rebecca, married John Frodesham. Richard Sturman had "eleven
printed books in octavo, and eight printed books in folio".  William
Hardwich, born 1618 (Harditch, Hardidge), "deceased in Bristol", about
1669, married first, Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Sturman; 2, Margaret,
daughter of Colonel Pope.  Issue by first wife: 1, Elizabeth; 2, William,
and perhaps 3, James (27 in 1674), married Anne, daughter of John
Armesby.  William Hardwich, the second of that name, had one daughter,
who married Gerrard Peyton, and d.s.p.; 2, Elizabeth, sole heir, who
married Col. Henry Ashton.

  19.  John Rosier, minister, formerly of Northampton county, married
Elizabeth, daughter of John Hillier (Hilliard), a servant of Father
White, fre-

Page 41.

quently mentioned in the Maryland Records.  He had John Rosier, junior.
The widow, Elizabeth, married secondly, Anthony Bridges, clerk of West-
moreland county.

  20.  Capt. Thomas Ewell, or Yowell, born in 1615, married Anne,
daughter of Thomas Sturman, cooper.  She married, secondly, John Hull,
and died in 1670-'72.  Capt. Ewell had 1, Capt. Thomas (born in 1644),
married Anne, daughter of Col. Richard Lee; 2, Richard; 3, Anne, 4,
Winifred; 5, Penelope; grandchild Anne Ewell.  Thomas Ewell (will 
December 7, 1694-May 29, 1695) had wife Anne; grandsons Yowell English,
Yowell Watts, and Thomas Spence, daughter Watts, daughter Winifred
English.

  21.  Col. Gerrard Fowke was son of Roger Fowke, of Gunston Hall,
County Stafford, England.  (See Hayden, p. 154).


  22.  Thomas Speke (born in 1603, died 1659) married Frances, daughter
of Col. Valentine Peyton, of Nominy.  He had son, Thomas, and brother,
John, which last lived at Bath and Plymouth, England.  In 1650 Col.
Thomas Speke patented 1,000 acres, which, "by several descents, came to
Hugh Speke, late of Bath, Somerset England", who, in 1690, made it over
to Henry Tattersall, of Bristol, which last conveyed it to William
Hardidge. - Westmoreland county Records.  In "Inquisitions Post Mortem",
County Wilts. - Index Library, British Record Society. - Hugh Speke,
Esq., died seized of lands at Bath, in Somersetshire, January 25, 1623-
'24, leaving son and heir George, aged 26, Henry and Francis Speke.

  23.  Was William Pierce a grandson of Col. William Pierce of the 
council in 1643?  He married Sarah Upton.  Will (February 23, 1701-
March 23, 1702) devises to grandson, William, son of John Pierce, grand-
son Samuel Bayley, daughters Elizabeth Bridges, Margaret Graham and
Mary Rowsy; devisees, Pierce and Stanly Gower; executors, Thomas Mason
and grandson William Pierce.

  24.  Capt. John Appleton (born 1640, died 1676).  Probably, like John
Lord, from New England, where the name Appleton is prominent.  He wrote
a letter to his brother "Mr. Richard colbourn, nearer Spittlefields
Gate, in London", on June 12, 1674.  He married Frances Gerrard (widow
of Thomas Speke and Valentine Peyton).  It is not believed that he left
children.  His widow married, fourthly, Col. John Washington.

  25.  In 1655 Mr. John Dodman agreed to teach his servants "to reade in
the Bible, and other goodly books in our English language". - Westmore-
land County Records.  Col. John Dodman's daughter, Susanna, married
Capt. Robert Massey, of Potomac.  In 1679 Col. John Dodman, who was
resident in Mulberry Island, gave land to his daughter, Margaret, who
married William Appleyard 28th January, 1679. - Isle of Wight County
Records.

  26.  Lewis Markham was born in 1636.  He married Jane -----.  Kept
tavern at Nomini.  Mr. Walter Brodhurst's plantation was leased to him
by Colonel Washington in 1669, about which period he died.  He had a 
son Lewis, magistrate of his county, who died in 1712 (see his will, Va.
Mag. Hist. and Biog. for April, 1895), ancestor of Chief-Justice Marshall.

  27.  Clement Spilman was, perhaps, relative of Henry Spilman, the 
interpreter, who was killed near Washington in 1623.  His will, proved
10th Janu-

Page 42.

ary, 1677-'78, devises his property to his brother, Robert, under age,
and appoints his brother, James, in England, guardian; a horse to Mary
Hardwich for nursing him.

  28.  William Browne died about 1668.  His sister, Jane, was wife of
Richard Hurrill, of Plymouth, merchant, who gave a power to Robert
Hodges, of Norfolk county, in Virginia.


  29.  Daniel Lisson was a magistrate and Indian interpreter, and ac-
companied Col. Washington in 1675 against the Susquehanna Fort.

  30.  Robert Vaulx (born 1651) was son of Robert Vaulx and Elizabeth
Burwell, his wife.  He married Mary ----, and died in 1685, leaving his
father surviving him in London.  Mrs. Mary Vaulx (she married, secondly,
Alexander Gorges) in 1685 complained to the court that some persons had
confederated to deprive her of 6,000 acres (called "Vaulxland"), patented
by her father-in-law June 9, 1655, and on which "her husband had long
lived."  Her son was Robert Vaulx (will recorded December, 1721), who
had sons, Robert and James.  The last Robert (will proved 26th March,
1755) had Milly, Molly, Katy, Kenner, Betty, and Sally Vaulx, son-in-law
Lawrence Washington.  Robert Vaulx, the immigrant, had brothers, Thomas,
James, and Humphrey.

  31.  The Baldridge family was prominent from an early date in Maryland.
Lt. Thomas Baldridge appears as early as 1637 in the Maryland Records.
The following, from the Westmoreland county Records, may be worth adding:
Granddaughter of Mrs. Dorothy Baldridge, widow, was wife of Capt. Alex-
ander Bainham, deceased in 1662, leaving a daughter Anne.  William Bald-
ridge's will (24 in 1655) was proved in 1658, and mentions son Charles
and wife Elizabeth.  Deed of James Baldeidge, "administrator of my late
brother, Major Thomas Baldridge, 1656".  Grace Baldridge, widow of Major
Thomas Baldridge, married John Tew, a justice of Westmoreland county.

  32.  For a most interesting examination of the Washington geneaology,
see New England H and G. Register, Vols. XLIII., XLIV., and XLV.,
WILLIAM AND MARY COLLEGE QUARTERLY, April, 1893.

  33. In the Surry County Records occur the following entries:  Marriage
license signed by "Nicholas Merriwether Cl. Com." between Thomas, alias
Sackeferd Brewster of Sackferd Hall, in the county of Suffolk, gent., of
the one partie and Elizabeth Watkins of the other part, dated 22 April,
1655.  The license is addressed "To or well beloved in Christ  Mr. Thos
Lake minister"; certificate of the Rev. Lake that he married the persons
within specified on 23 April, 1655, in the presence of John Corker that
gave her; marriage contract between said Sachville and said Elizabeth,
widow of John Watkins, deced, in behalf of present and future children -
22 April, 1655.

  34.  QUARTERLY, Vol. I., April, 1893.

  35.  New England Historical and Genealogical Register.

  36.  Neill's Founders of Maryland.

  37.  Maryland Records.

  38.  Inventory of Daniel Hutt shows a hall, upper room over the hall,
the kitchen and milk-house.

Page 43.

  39.  Inventory of Capt. John Appleton, deceased 9 May, 1676; Frances
Appleton, admx.; Dwelling-house, plantation; over her chamber, hall
chamber, Capt. Appleton's closet, kitchn and room thereto belonging,
Capt. Appleton's hall, room thereto belonging, her own stoare, both
sellers; fforest plantn. where Mr. Charles lives; at Mr. Charleses.

                        (Concluded in Next Number.)