Franklin County VT Archives History - Businesses .....Businesses Of St. Albans 1891
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INDUSTRIES AND WEALTH OF ST. ALBANS.

   THE town of St. Albans, delightfully situated on the east shore of Lake
Champlain, was granted a charter by Bennington Wentworth, Esq., the royal
governor of the province of New Hampshire, August 17, 1763. The town has Swanton
on the north, Fairfield on the east and Georgia on the south; the west side is
indented by bay called by the Indians, Bellamaqueam Bay, which is about two and
one half miles 1 length by one half mile to one mile in width. The indentation
of the bay gives to the town an irregular shape, it being nearly nine miles from
its extreme eastern to its western limit, while from north to south it is but
about five miles. The portion lying west of the bay is called St. Albans Point
and is in length about two and one half miles by one half mile to about two
miles in width. The western shore is called Maquam from its proximity to Maquam
Bay in Swanton. This name is a corruption of the original Indian name which was
Bopquam.

   Along the eastern border of the town rises a range of hills, the southernmost
and loftiest point of which called Bellevue, affords one of the finest prospects
in the country, taking in the highly cultivated valley of the Champlain, with
its numerous villages; the lake, with its beautiful islands; the mountains in
the rear of Montreal and other Canadian mountains; the Adirondacks on the
southwest and the Green Mountain range on the east. There is another hill in the
south part of the town, called Prospect Hill, and another, half a mile north of
the village called Aldis Hill.

   The soil of St. Albans is a rich loam, well adapted to the growth of the
several cereal crops and producing luxuriant grass. There is little waste land
in town, the hills being arable nearly to their summits and affording excellent
pasturage for cattle and sheep. St. Albans village is in the midst of an
excellent farming region, most of the farmers being educated and scientific men
employing all the modern improvements in agricultural implements and producing
some of the finest butter and maple sugar in the country.

   Jesse Welden was undoubtedly the first civilized settler of St. Albans. His
place of birth is not known, but he came to this town from Sunderland (having
resided before that at Salisbury, Ct.), previous to the war of the Revolution,
and built a log cabin. He returned to St. Albans after the close of the war in
1785, and lived a while at the bay. He was a public spirited man, and a great
help to the infant settlement. He, after a short time, removed to what is now
the village of St. Albans. He was accidentally drowned off Isle la Motte in
October, 1795, while returning from Canada in a skiff laden with salt. His
memory is perpetuated in the street that bears his name and also in the
magnificent hotel, the pride and glory of St. Albans, which stands upon the
north side of the public park and which bears the name of the Welden House.

ITS CHARMING SITUATION.

   St. Albans contains at this time about 7000 inhabitants and is situated on a
gentle slope from east to west. The highest point is found at the residence of
ex-Governor Smith, which is 215 feet above the depot.

   In the center of the village is a beautiful park called Taylor Park which is
fifty by twenty rods in extent. It was formerly known as the square or "common"
but on June 11, 1870, it was named Taylor Park by the trustees of the village,
in honor of Hollaway Taylor, one of the early settlers of the town, who,
September 26, 1799, deeded the land that it contains to the town for the purpose
for which it has since been used. The park is surrounded by maples planted in
1838, which have attained good size for shade and ornament. Near the north end
of the park is a fine fountain costing $3000, presented to the village by
ex-Governor Smith.

PUBLIC BUILDINGS.

   St. Albans has seven church edifices, belonging to the Congregational,
Methodist, Baptist, Episcopal, Universalist and Catholic denominations, and
costing nearly $150,000; an academy building, costing $40,000; a court house,
erected at an expense of $75,000; a model opera house; the Warner House for
Little Wanderers, the St. Albans Hospital, both the gift of Mrs. Chauncy Warner
of Cambridge; a public reading-room supported by subscription ; a railroad
library and a town library; a system of water-works costing $165,000; electric
lights; one national bank and one trust company; two brass bands and four
literary and musical clubs; a flourishing G. A. R. post; Masonic and Odd
Fellows' lodges; a military company and various other organizations. St. Albans
possesses first-class educational facilities. The graded system prevails, with
an academic department where scholars are fitted for college. The St. Albans
Academy is a superior institution of learning, and its high standing brings in
nearly one hundred outside pupils, who pay annually about $1,000 in tuition
fees. Graduates from the academy have taken high rank in leading New England
colleges in the past. The village expends nearly $10,000 annually for the
support of the schools.

   The St. Albans water supply is brought by gravitation from North Fairfax,
four miles distant, a pond, by the construction of a dam twenty-eight feet high,
having been converted into a reservoir of 100,000,000 gallons capacity. The
reservoir is fed by springs, small streams and a water shed of 2000 acres. The
average head is 335 feet. Over thirteen miles of pipe are in use, and there are
fire hydrants in all parts of the village. The cost of the water works system
was $165,000.

A RAILROAD CENTER.

   St. Albans is the center of railroads from four directions, and the village
has attained distinction in the railway world as being the headquarters of the
Central Vermont Railroad system. From the general office of this management more
miles of road are operated and a larger number of employees are directed than
from the headquarters of any other railroad company in New England. In this
state alone the Central Vermont disburses more than $1,500,000 along its line
for material and labor annually, and more than 3,000 men are engaged in the
operations of its roads. The locomotives and car shops, and engine houses
located here are large and substantial structures. The officers and employees of
the road residing in St. Albans with their families number nearly 3,000 persons,
while the yearly amount disbursed in wages to the force residing here
approximate half a million dollars.

CONFEDERATE AND FENIAN  RAIDS.

   The raid of October 19, 1864, gave to St. Albans a notoriety greater than any
event which ever occurred within its bounds before or since. A band of armed and
desperate ruffians, twenty-two in number, came from Canada and stopped at the
hotels as guests and strangers to each other, and, in open daylight, at a
concerted hour, robbed the banks of $208,000, killed one man and wounded several
others, and made their escape into Canada on horses stolen from the livery
stables. The robbers were arrested in Canada, examined and discharged by the
magistrates on the ground that it was out of their jurisdiction to hold them, it
being in time of war. The Canadian government, not sympathizing with the
magistrates, through the governor-general recommended to the Provincial
Parliament that they appropriate $50,000 in gold to be paid to the banks as an
equivalent for the money found upon the captured robbers, and which had been
restored to them by the magistrates. This amount was voted by parliament and
paid to the banks, being equivalent to $88,000 in currency. St. Albans was again
the scene of considerable excitement, in June, 1866, by the concentration here
of the "right wing of the army of Ireland," more commonly known as the Fenian
organization for the invasion of Canada. On the sixth of the month the force
concentrated at Franklin and on the next day the commanding officer, General
Spear, ordered an advance and the column moved into Canada, and established the
"Headquarters of the army of Ireland" in an ordinary farm house by the
road-side, the entire force amounting to 1,200 men. Expected re-inforcements and
supplies not arriving, the men became disheartened and returned to their homes,
and the project of invading Canada was given up.

ADVANTAGES AS A PLACE OF RESIDENCE.

   The pure air and delightful scenery of St. Albans have, within the past few
years, come to be appreciated, and it has acquired considerable reputation as a
summer resort. The village has five first-class hotels, well kept and all having
an abundant patronage. A series of beautiful and picturesque drives stretch out
in every direction, and from the hills which surround the village can be
obtained some of the finest views to be found in this or any other country.

   St. Albans is a port of entry for all freight in transit from Western and
Canadian points via the Grand Trunk and Central Vermont line. Here all freight
trains are set out for a short time for examination, and cars containing
dutiable goods are inspected by U. S. custom officers. The duties collected here
amount to $500,000 a year.

   St. Albans is one of the foremost flour depots of the East and has a
storehouse capacity of 20,000 barrels.


   VERMONT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY.—There is no feature of the rapid development of
the United States of more interest than that of the prompt completion of public
works of the most difficult and extensive character, and requiring the highest
order of talent and practical experience, coupled with ample resources. There is
thus great credit attaching to our leading contractors and engineers for the
achievements marking their career. The only bridge building company in northern
New England is the Vermont Construction Company, whose office and shops are
located in St. Albans. This company established their business here in 1886,
locating at the start in the old St. Albans rolling mill, but are at present
occupying large mills and shops, which were built by them for their occupancy in
1890. Their present works are thoroughly equipped with new and improved
machinery, operated by a Harris-Corliss engine of 125 horse-power, and steady
employment is given here to thirty-five skilled hands, while large gangs of
workmen are employed in building bridges and heavy contract work outside. This
company are designers and manufacturers of iron and steel bridges for railroads
and highways, and also viaducts, girders, turntables, iron roofs, every variety
of iron construction and iron and steel structural work, while their commanding
ability has been repeatedly demonstrated in the many important contracts which
they have successfully executed throughout New England, New York, New Jersey,
and the south. Special prices are made to towns and corporations for bridges,
and estimates and drawings, with prices, are furnished free on application.
Their superior facilities and experience, coupled with ample capital and
material at command, enable them to guarantee the prompt and perfect fulfillment
of all contracts, and parties and corporations securing the services of this
company can rely upon obtaining advantages difficult of duplication elsewhere in
this country. The officers of the Vermont Construction Company are R. F.
Hawkins, president; D. E. Bradley, vice-president; J. E. Norton, treasurer; A.
L. Davis, engineer. These gentlemen bring vast experience to bear in every
branch of their profession, and enjoy the highest of reputations for mechanical
genius, commercial integrity and great practical skill.

   ST. ALBANS FOUNDRY COMPANY, Lake Street.— This company enjoy a national
reputation as manufacturers of car wheels, railroad and machinery castings, mill
gearing, pulleys, shafting and engine work; farmers' boiler stoves, slop sinks,
sled shoes, arch doors and grates, tread horse-powers, speed regulators,
overshot threshers, drag and circular saw machines for sawing wood, plows, dirt
scrapers, stump and stone lifters, etc. The business was founded in 1840, and
the management brings to bear upon its every department vast practical
experience, perfected facilities and widespread connections. It is the oldest
establishment of the kind in New England, and one of the foremost in the
country. The works consist of seven large brick buildings, located directly
opposite the Central Vermont passenger station, and are equipped with an
elaborate outfit of machinery, operated by a 75 horse-power engine, and 100
horse-power boiler, and steady employment is given to sixty skilled and expert
workmen. The foundry transacts a general business in machinery, castings and
iron work, arid manufacture car wheels, forgings and agricultural implements,
making a leading specialty of railway horse-powers, threshing machines and
fodder shredders and wood-sawing machines to be used with their powers. These
horse-powers are made for one, two and three horses, and are equipped with speed
regulators. The threshers have a vibrating separator and cleaner. The trade In
these machines has attained immense proportions, and many of them are exported.
The foundry melts from nine to eleven tons of iron per day. Only the best grades
of Iron, steel and other materials are used. The patronage is immense and
influential throughout the United States and many foreign countries, and is
annually increasing. The officers of the St. Albans Foundry Company are Hon.
Worthington C. Smith, president; W. Tracy Smith, vice-president, secretary and
treasurer; J. C. Leslie, general superintendent. The president has been
prominent in public life in this state for years; has served this district as a
representative to Congress, has been a member of the state senate, and filled
other positions of honor and trust with great credit and acceptance. His son, W.
Tracy Smith, has been trained in this business since his graduation from
college, and is an efficient officer and a pushing, progressive business man.
Both are members of the St. Albans Board of Trade. The general superintendent,
Mr. Leslie, is eminently fitted by experience and ability to successfully
discharge the responsible duties of his position.

   C. WYMAN & SON, Jewelry, etc., No. 119 Main Street.—In no branch of industry
in the United States have more rapid advances been made than in the manufacture
of watches, jewelry and silverware. For many years, especially for the finer and
more artistic productions we have been compelled to look to Europe, for our
supply, but to-day American productions quite equal, if not excel in excellence
of workmanship and beauty of design the best goods made in foreign countries. A
representative and old established house in St. Albans actively engaged in this
important industry, justly deserving its enviable reputation for dealing in none
but A 1 goods and honorable business methods is that of Messrs. Charles Wyman &
Son, eligibly located at No. 119 Main Street, one door from the corner of Bank
Street. This veritable landmark is the oldest house of its kind in this section
of the state and was founded originally about the year 1800, by a Mr. Eaton, who
was succeeded by Mr. A. H. Huntington, and in 1849 Messrs. Huntington & Wyman
became its proprietors, and seven years afterwards Messrs. C. & J. Wyman took
charge of its affairs, and they in turn were succeeded by the firm of Messrs.
Wyman & Huntington in 1862, and upon the retirement of Mr. Huntington, six years
after this date, Mr. Charles Wyman became sole proprietor and conducted its
business with unvarying success until 1888, when his sou was admitted into
partnership under the present firm title, while the trade is annually increasing
in volume and influence. They occupy a spacious and commodious store, neatly and
attractively appointed and provided with every convenience for the advantageous
display of their large and valuable assortment of goods, and its inspection by
customers. The stock carried embraces none but the very best and most reliable
goods, such as fine gold and silver watches of both European and American
production; elegant diamonds, pearls, rubies, emeralds and other precious gems
set in the most exquisite and unique styles; engagement, wedding and souvenir
rings, ear rings, pendants, brooches, bracelets, bangles and necklaces; watch
chains, charms, chatelaines and lockets; solid gold, silver and plated ware;
French, Swiss and American clocks; art novelties in gold, silver, bronze;
spectacles, eyeglasses, lenses, opera and field glasses and other optical goods,
fine pocket and table cutlery, etc. These goods have been most carefully
selected to meet the wants of a first-class patronage, are unsurpassed in
quality and artistic workmanship and are guaranteed to be as represented, while
the very lowest prices are quoted. A specialty is the repairing of fine watches,
clocks and jewelry, also engraving, in which department none but thoroughly
skilled and experienced workmen are engaged and all work done here is warranted
to give complete satisfaction. Both father and son are thoroughly experienced
and practical men in all branches of the trade, enterprising, pleasant and
courteous men, honorable and reliable in their dealings and highly respected in
social and commercial circles. Mr. Charles Wyman has been president of the
village trustees and also had the honor of representing the St. Albans district
in the State Legislature in the year 1866, and discharged his duties as such to
the great satisfaction of his constituents and credit to himself.

   ISAAC S. BORLEY.—It needs no argument to convince prudent property holders
that it is their duty to themselves and families, to protect their interests
against loss by fire. This taken for granted, it is of course, the first wish of
all to be insured in strong, reliable, prompt and fair companies, and do
business with trustworthy agents, who will look after their interests as his
own, and in case of loss do all in his power to secure them a just and prompt
settlement of their claims. Such insurance is offered by Isaac S. Borley, whose
name for honesty, fair dealing and quick adjustments is by no means confined to
his business territory. His business is not limited to fire insurance, but
includes Life, Accident, Employers' Liability, Fidelity and Plate Glass Insurance.

   The agency was established in 1870. The following list of strong and reliable
companies of which Mr. Borley is general agent for Franklin and Grand Isle
counties, guarantees to property owners sure idemnity in case of loss: The Sun
Fire Office of London, the strongest company in the world; the Royal, which has
the largest assets of any company in the world; the Pennsylvania, one of the
oldest companies in America ; the Northern, London & Lancashire, Continental,
Springfield, Liberty, American, New England, Granite State, Norwich Union,
People's, North British & Mercantile, Lancashire, and Phoenix of London. Mr.
Borley's companies have such confidence in his judgment and fairness that most
of them allow him to adjust all losses in his territory. He is also general
agent for northern Vermont, including Burlington, for the Massachusetts Mutual
Life Insurance Company, one of the best companies in the country ; he also
represents the Travelers Insurance Company of Hartford, Conn., which is the
foremost accident company in the world. He has recently been appointed state
agent for the American Casualty & Insurance Security Company, which issues bonds
guaranteeing the honesty of persons occupying positions of trust, such as bank
officers and clerks, and treasurers of corportions.

   The general agency of the American Employers Liability Insurance Company for
the State of Vermont, which insures employers against accident to their
employees and others, and suits resulting therefrom, has also been recently
given him. By reason of the large increase which has been recently made in his
business, Mr. Borley has now the largest general insurance business in the state
of Vermont, and all persons or corporations in any part of the country, having
large amounts of insurance to place, would do well to correspond with him before
placing it elsewhere, as he has facilities for placing lines of from one
thousand to a million dollars or even more on short notice and at the very
lowest possible rates. It is but an illustration of what can be done by honest
dealing and attention to business, and all who entrust their interest in his
keeping may be assured that they will be well cared for. Mr. Borley's office,
which is at the corner of Main and Kingman Streets, with an entrance in the
Stevens block has all possible facilities for carrying on a first-class
business, and with its handsome appointments, is the finest insurance office in
the state.

   AMERICAN HOUSE, Main and Lake Streets, S. I. Stroud, Proprietor.—The American
House at St. Albans Alls a niche in the esteem and popularity of the traveling
public peculiarly its own. The substantial appearance of the house impresses the
stranger favorably at the first glance as being a first-class hotel in all
respects, while its wide open door reveals a cordial welcome and all the
tasteful comforts of a .home. It was erected in 1830, and opened to the public
by Samuel Barlow. It was for many years under the management of the late Hiram
Pierce, and finally became the property of Mr. S. I. Stroud, the present popular
proprietor in 1876. It is built of brick, four stories high and has
first-cla.--s accommodations for one hundred guests. No luxury afforded in
situation, surroundings, modern conveniences or management in any hotel is
lacking at the American. It is located in the very heart of the business center
of the town, at the corner of Main and Lake Streets and fronting the beautiful
Taylor Park, and is convenient alike to the permanent patron, the commercial
tourist and the transient guest. The house is provided with electric lights,
electric call bells and steam heat, while as regards sanitary arrangements and
means of escape in case of fire the American is unrivaled. A first-class livery
is connected with the house, where some fifteen horses are kept for hire and
free carriages run to and from the depot. The cuisine of the house is worthy of
special commendation, being under the most experienced management, and kept up
to the highest point of excellence. The proprietor is the owner of a farm two
miles out of town, where he raises his own vegetables and supplies milk and
butter from his own dairy. Terms are placed upon a popular basis, and a stay at
this hotel is always remembered as a pleasant experience. Mine host Stroud is a
Vermonter by birth, and a perfect master of the art of modern hotel-keeping
while his reputation is so widely known and worthily sustained as to place him
far beyond the requirements of any praise which these pages could bestow.

   RICHARDSON, TWIGG & CO., Dry Goods, etc., No. 148 Main Street.—This
representative house was opened by the present firm in 1889, and is not only a
splendid monument to the intelligent enterprise of its proprietors, but it is
one of those houses whose great and honorable success reflects luster upon the
name of St. Albans as a growing mercantile center. The business premises
comprise two floors 25 x 125 feet each, elegantly fitted up with electric
lights, steam heat, the Lamson cash carrier system, and every known convenience
for the manipulation and display of the large .and valuable stock that is
constantly carried. The premises are divided into appropriate departments, each
in charge of competent •clerks, thus securing the most satisfactory service. In
dress goods Ss shown the latest shades and patterns in black and colored silks,
satins, velvets and velveteens, ottomans, Rhadamaux, cashmeres and prints; while
other lines include blankets, flannels and house-keeping goods; linens, ginghams
and white goods; hosiery, gloves, and underwear; corsets, bustles and dress
trimmings; laces, ribbons and embroideries; notions, fancy goods and small wares
in great variety and profusion. The cloak department, to which special attention
is given by this firm, is a striking instance of the willingness of the public
to co-operate with the merchants whose endeavors are directed toward supplying
their patrons with the best and latest in the market, and at the very lowest
prices consistent with the ideas of modern merchandising. Planted but a short
year ago, this little acorn has grown to a tall, sturdy oak. The soil of public
favor has been fertile in the extreme, and to-day this department, has outgrown
in size and trade that of any other store in this section of the country. This
success has arisen from various causes, among which may be named the ability of
the firm to buy for cash in all markets, and their enterprise in securing
novelties as fast as they appear. Their garments this season are far above the
average both tor style, variety and cheapness, and they embrace the most
valuable fur cloaks, sealskin sacques, plush and fur-lined newmarkets,
tight-fitting ulsters, directoire, raglans, peasant coats, cloth and plush
wraps, cloth and plush Modjeskas, cloth and plush jackets, Jerseys and Jersey
waists, childrens' and infants' cloaks, and the latest fur novelties. Nothing
has been too fine or fashionable for Messrs. Richardson, Twigg & Co. to buy and
the ladies of St. Albans have an opportunity this season of making their
selections from a stock second to few displayed by the largest, houses in New
York and Boston. The carpet department is brilliant and dazzling in its display
of bright colors and handsome effects, in the newest patterns of Wiltons
Moquettes, Axminsters, Brussels, tapestries and ingrains; while the assortments
also include linoleums, floor and table oil cloths, linen, damasks, paper
hangings, curtain materials, window shades, draperies, rugs and mattings. The
business is conducted at both wholesale and retail. The members of the firm are
Messrs. A. S. Richardson, G. P. Twigg and J. B. Kavanaugh, all of whom are
native Vermonters, experienced and talented merchauts.

   G. W. SHATTUCK, Groceries, No. 17 Lake Street.—In the whole range of
commercial enterprise there is no more important interest than that represented
in the sale of groceries. This fact is recognized and appreciated by all
intelligent and thoughtful people, and therefore the selection of a dealer from
whom to purchase our supplies is a matter which calls for serious consideration
and discriminating judgment. A prominent, prosperous and thoroughly reliable
house engaged quite extensively in this line of trade in St. Albans, well
deserving of the high reputation it enjoys for handling only absolutely pure and
fresh goods and liberal dealings is that of Mr. George W. Shattuck, whose
popular headquarters are eligibly located at No. 17 Lake Street. This well-known
resort for food supplies was established in 1864, and its present proprietor is
a thoroughly experienced man in all branches of the business, and under his
enterprising management and direction the business has grown to its present
large proportions and influence, derived principally from among our best classes
of citizens. The premises utilized for the business are very spacious and
commodious, comprising a store 40 x 125 feet in dimensions, which is most
admirably arranged and fitted up with every convenience to facilitate the
transaction of business and accommodation of the large assortment of goods
constantly on hand. The stock embraces everything in the line of choice staple
and fancy groceries, including the very purest of fresh new crop young Hyson,
gunpowder, Souchong, Oolong, imperial, English breakfast, Japan and other teas;
choice Mocha, Java and Rio coffees, cocoas, chocolates and spices; select brands
of canned goods, table delicacies, sauces, relishes, condiments, foreign and
domestic fruits; sugars, syrups, molasses, best family flour, cereal and
farinaceous foods; gilt-edge dairy and fancy creamery butter and cheese, fresh
eggs, pure leaf lard, garden and farm produce, salt and smoked meats and
provisions, best brands of cigars, smoking and chewing tobaccos, bakers' and
laundry supplies, tubs, pails, brooms and kindred supplies, etc. The goods sold
here are well known for their purity, all round excellence and uniform quality,
while the very lowest prices are quoted and customers know that nothing inferior
or adulterated will be sold to them. Order, system and cleanliness are strictly
observed, polite service is accorded to patrons and orders are delivered at
residences in the city free of charge. Mr. Shattuck is a native of this state, a
pleasant, courteous man of superior business ability and is highly respected by
all with whom he has any business transactions.

   DR. GILMAN, Dentist, No. 1 Kingman Street.—Mr. S. Gilman had the honor to
establish the first dental establishment in St. Albans, or in Franklin County in
1844. In the year of 1850, he formed a partnership with a dentist, and the firm
became known as Messrs. Gilman & Kilbourn. In 1856 it became Gilman & McGoran;
in 1866 Gilman & Sheerer, and in 1878, Mr. Gilman reverted to his original
standing of sole proprietor. In 1864 he introduced nitrous oxyd gas for the
painless extraction of teeth. The first time it was used in the state was for
Dr. G. Q. Cotton's son, when he extracted four teeth without pain, and he has
continued its use successfully from that time till the present. He is one of the
most reliable men in his profession and does the finest work, in extracting,
excavating, treating, filling, crowning and preparing teeth, and making new
plates. He is careful, upright and conscientious in his professional duties and
commands the best patronage from the best people of this city and vicinity. His
office is supplied with every modern convenience known to the dental profession,
while his rooms are finely fitted with the conveniences for the comfort of
patients. Dr. Gilman is ex-president of the Vermont Dental Association. He is a
member of the F. and A. M. and for a long term of years has been honored with
the office of justice of the peace, and has done more official business than any
other man in the city. He is a native of Chelsea. Vt.

   FREDERICK DUTCHER & SONS, Druggists, No. 109 Main Street.—In its specialties
the wholesale and retail drug house of Frederick Dutcher & Sons is one of the
most eminently representative in the United States. To its splendid facilities
as manufacturing chemists, they add old-established influential connections,
while the firm is one that embraces young men full of well directed energy, yet
possessed of vast practical experience. The business was established in 1841 by
Mr. L. L. Dutcher, who was succeeded by Messrs. L. L. Dutcher & Sons in 1851. In
1876, Mr. F. Dutcher succeeded to the control and in 1886 the present firm name
was adopted. They have a fine large salesroom, handsomely fitted up and
containing a fine line of drugs. They manufacture fly paper and Dutcher's Golden
Butter color. A fine building, 40 x 100 feet in dimensions and three stories
high is used as a manufactory. Fifteen hands are employed and 46,000 sheets of
paper are made daily. Dutcher's Golden Liquid, the first butter color ever made,
had its origin in this firm. Golden Liquid "was originally manufactured to
supply the demands of the Franklin County dairyman. Its popularity soon spread
beyond the confines of the county and it is now sold throughout the entire New
England States. Mr. Frederick Dutcher manufactured a little at first for a few
of his local customers. As its worth became known the demand increased, and it
is now in use in all parts of the country. The firm employ four traveling
salesmen and their specialties have a world-wide celebrity. An immense stock of
drugs, druggists' sundries, fancy goods, chemicals, etc., are constantly
carried, also a full supply of art materials. It is to such houses as this that
Vermont owes her supremacy in the drug business, and Messrs. F. Dutcher & Sons
with unremitting energy and enterprise are pursuing that liberal, honorable
policy which early laid the foundations that now support the fabric of this
great representative house.

   E. DESANTELS, Grocer, No. 105 Lake Street.—There is no more important branch
of commerce in any prominent center of trade than the grocery line, as it
includes almost every article of necessary food, among which are the products of
the most remote portions of the world, and to obtain these in their freshness
and purity is a matter of serious consideration with every purchaser and
consumer. A prominent, prosperous and reliable house extensively engaged in this
line of business in St. Albans and enjoying a widespread reputation for handling
none but first-class and reliable goods, attending strictly to the wants of
customers and dealing liberally, is that of Mr. E. Desantels, whose popular and
ably conducted headquarters are centrally located at No. 105 Lake Street. This
enterprise was founded originally in 1875 by Mr. D. Thiebault, who conducted it
with excellent success until 1888 when he disposed of it to the present
proprietor. Mr. Desantels is a Canadian by birth, and has been a resident here
for many years, and is a thoroughly experienced man in all branches of this
trade, and under his enterprising direction the business of this establishment
has grown to its present large and influential proportions. He occupies a
spacious and commodious store, neatly and appropriately fitted up and provided
with every convenience for the successful prosecution of the business, while the
large variety of articles embraced in the stock is such as directly relates to
the general wants of the community, and includes everything in the line of
choice staple and fancy groceries, such as absolutely pure and fresh new-crop
teas from China and Japan, the choicest of Mocha, Java and South American
coffees, cocoas, chocolates, ground and whole spices, select brands of canned
goods, table delicacies, sauces, condiments, relishes, foreign and domestic
fruits; sugar, syrups and molasses; choice family flour, fancy cereal and
farinaceous foods; gilt edge dairy and fancy creamery butter and cheese, fresh
eggs, pure leaf lard, farm and garden products; salt and smoked meats and fish,
popular brands of cigars, smoking and chewing tobaccos, bakers' and laundry
supplies, tubs, pails, brooms, brushes, mops, and kindred household necessities;
in fact, everything usually found in a well-conducted grocery establishment. The
goods emanating from this house are noted for their purity and uniform
excellence and low prices. Order, neatness and cleanliness are observable on all
sides, and poiite assistants attend promptly to the wants of customers, while
orders are delivered at residences in the city free of charge. Mr. Desantels is
a gentleman of superior business ability, courteous and affable in his relations
in business, honorable, prompt and energetic, and is highly respected in social
and commercial circles.

   A. F. LANE, Books, No. 116 Main Street.—One of St. Albans' business
landmarks, surrounded by pleasant historic associations, is the establishment
conducted by Mr. Albert F. Lane, at No. 116 Main Street, and familiarly known as
the "St. Albans Bookstore." This house was founded in 1840, by Mr. E. B.
Whiting, and, after several changes, the present proprietor1 succeeded to the
control in 1882. The literary residents of the town, and all lovers of good
reading, make it their chief rendezvous. It is patronized by both ladies and
gentlemen, young and old, from all classes of society, and, especially during
the holidays, is the busiest place in town. It has well stocked departments for
books, periodicals and stationery; blank books, artists' materials and pocket
cutlery; engravings, etchings and art goods; wall papers, decorations, toys and
games. The stock contains at all times scientific, agricultural and
miscellaneous works from the best authors; works of devotion, prayer books,
hymnals and Bibles; books in fine bindings, and illustrated works in prose and
poetry; maps, globes and guide books; sporting and yachting books, and
out-of-door literature generally; juvenile books, toys and games in vast
variety; albums, leather goods and Christmas gifts for all tastes and fancies;
artists' materials in complete assortment, and art novelties; with special
counters for newspapers, periodicals and seaside novels. This house is never
without the last "new thing" in English, French or American literature, and it
is headquarters for every line of goods here mentioned to a wide circle of
trade. Mr. Lane makes a specialty of wall papers, and decorations and carries a
large stock at all times in all the newest patterns and designs. Mr. Lane is a
native of New Hampshire, and known and honored in this community as an
enterprising, progressive merchant and a reliable, public spirited citizen.

   ST. ALBANS BEEF COMPANY, Near Central Vermont Depot.—The great west has for
many years been the chief source of supply for fresh meats. In order, however,
to carry live cattle and sheep by rail long distances, they are packed in a car
like sardines in a box, making it impossible for the animals to lie down, and
they are exposed to the storms of winter and the exhausting heat and sun of
summer. The transporting of cattle in this style can have but one result—the
animals arrive at the eastern market in a feverish, unhealthy condition,
bruised, worn out and with great loss of weight. By killing and dressing the
beef in Chicago, the long journey for the live stock is avoided, there is no
shrinkage in weight, and good wholesome beef is delivered to the consumers in
this market at a much lower price than was possible under the old system. In
connection with these remarks we desire to make special mention of the St.
Albans Beef Company, commission dealer in Swift's Chicago dressed beef, mutton,
pork, etc., whose salesrooms in St. Albans are conveniently located near the
Central Vermont passenger depot. The business was established here in 1888, and
under the efficient management of Mr. O. R. Swett has been rapidly increasing.
They occupy the finest cooler in the state, fitted up with everything necessary
for storing and preserving their meat, which is of the very best quality. All
orders receive prompt attention, and goods are delivered free of extra charge.
The company handle two to four car loads per week.

   R. H. SMITH, Photographer, No. 114 Main Street.—A house in St. Albans which
can be truly called a leader in its special line is that of Mr. R. H. Smith—more
popularly known as "Smith's Photograph Parlors." The business is one of long
standing and was founded over forty years ago. Since 1865 the present proprietor
has had sole control, and has conducted the business in strict accordance with
the highest rules of business principles. The present location has been occupied
for the past four years. The studio and parlors are fitted up in elegant style,
provided with the most costly apparatus, and adapted especially for the finest
work in this line. Every description of photographic work is done, as well as
fine color and crayon portraiture, in this last respect the house employing
brilliant and talented artists, and doing work for people all over the country.
Indeed, general portrait work is their leading specialty. The prices in vogue at
this establishment are most reasonable when the high quality of the work turned
out is considered. Everything is the best that can possibly be obtained, and
this is certainly one of the finest equipped galleries in this section. Mr.
Smith is a native of this state, an honored member of F. and A. M. and a
respected citizen of St. Albans.

   C. H. HARVEY, Furniture, No. 138 Main Street.—Decorative art has entered into
the tastes of the American people to such an extent that the houses of this
country present some of the finest specimens of furnishing in the world. This is
the line of business in which Mr. C. H. Harvey is engaged at No. 138 Main
Street, St. Albans. His business was established a great many years ago by Mr.
Samuel Livingstone, Mr. Harvey having succeeded him in 1880. He has four floors,
30 x 70 feet, stocked with the most artistic furniture, window shades, wall
paper, pictures and frames, and everything that goes to make the residences of
the wealthy look rich and beautiful. He sells furniture from the finest woods,
in suites, sofas, chairs, rockers, reclining and easy chairs, settees, lounges,
beds, folding and post beds, wash-stands, commodes, wardrobes, dressing bureaus,
mirrors, marble and wood-topped furniture, bric-a-brac, ball, drawing-room,
sitting-room, parlor, dining-room, bedroom, kitchen and bath-room furniture,
chairs, etc. He deals in window shades of every description, all of the little
notions that go to decorate a room, drapery, curtains, curtain poles, chains,
and the largest assortment of pictures, picture frames, and wall paper in
Franklin County. He does a wholesale and retail trade, carrying a tremendous
stock of the finest goods. His store is artistically and beautifully arranged, a
visit to it being like going into a gallery of art, where all of the finest
household goods are displayed. He employs eight persons and draws his custom
from the first families of town. Mr. Harvey is a native of Canada and a merchant
of natural talent and training. He is an upright man of business, loyal to truth
in all of his dealings and stands high as a citizen and in the social sets.

   WELDEN HOUSE, Walter B. Johnson, Manager.—The "Welden," was erected in 1865
by a stock company, who conducted it until 1883, when the late Lansing Millis
became sole owner. In March, 1890, the property was purchased by Mr. John
Greenway, of Syracuse, N. Y., who inaugurated a new order of things, and the
fair fame of this famous hostelry has been fully restored. He is determined that
no effort shall be spared to meet the wants of the public in a first-class
house, and recognizing the fact that management is the keynote to success in any
hotel, he secured the services of Mr. Walter B. Johnson, of Boston, as manager.
This gentleman has had large experience in hotel management, and from his book
of knowledge upon the subject, many a hotel man in Boston and New York might
well take a leaf. The Welden surpasses in size, beauty and equipment any other
hotel in the state, while it is the only commodious and well-appointed summer
resort in this region. It is a large, five-story brick edifice, built upon three
sides of a square, with a well-lighted inner court, thus admitting sunshine into
every room in the house. Its location is excellent. It faces the finest park in
Vermont, and overlooks the beautiful village, and the charming scenery of Lake
Champlain and the Adirondacks in the distance. There are two hundred rooms at
the Welden, many of them en suite and sepcially intended to secure the privacy
of a home to families; while the house is lighted by gas and electricity, heated
by steam throughout, provided with electric call bells and luxuriously
furnished. The hotel is also provided with an Otis elevator, and a large music
hall, while in the hotel building are the post office, a National Bank and a
Western Union Telegraph office. The service is elaborate and a thorough system
of organization is enforced by Mr. Johnson, who is no ornamental figure-head,
but a "worker," who personally sees after the comfort of every guest. Great
attention has been paid to sanitary regulations. The elevated site occupied by
the hotel ensures a perfect system of drainage, and sanitary experts have put
their seal of approval upon the entire new and perfect system 'lately applied to
the house. A first-class livery is connected with the hotel, 'buses carry
passengers free to and from the depot, while a barbershop and billiard room are
among the necessities of modern hotel life here supplied for the convenience of
guests. The finest table in St. Albans is set right here at the Welden. The
proprietor is a liberal caterer. He believes in the best and plenty of it, and
has in charge of the cuisine a skilled chef and competent assistants. A large
farm near by furnishes a daily supply of fresh butter, cream, milk and
vegetables. With a popular management understanding exactly how to satisfy the
most varied and fastidious tastes, and with the lovely scenery and charming
views surrounding it on every hand, it is not to be wondered at that the Welden
is the Mecca for summer tourists. Its rates will be found very moderate.

   F. F. TWITCHELL & CO., Dry Goods, etc., Main and Bank Streets.—The dry goods
business has been carried on upon this site for over eighty years, the present
firm succeeding to the control in 1881. The location is the most central both to
the business and residental sections of the town, and the house has a splendid
trade at both wholesale and retail. Two floors, 32 x 60 feet each, are occupied,
and these are fitted up and furnished in keeping with the correct taste and
sound judgment of the proprietor, including electric lights, Lamson cash carrier
system, and other arrangements for the convenience of customers and the adequate
display of the magnificent stock here carried. This is the busiest establishment
in its line In town, its counters being thronged by patrons from all classes of
the community. Each department is complete within itself, while the employees
are noted for their courtesy and obliging manners. Customers can here obtain a
complete outfit, not only of dry and fancy goods, but many household articles
both for use and adornment. The splendid stock contains everything desirable in
the line of dress goods, the house being the recognized headquarters for silks,
satins, velvets and velveteens, ottomans, Rhadamaux, cashmeres and prints; also
for cloaks, suits and shawls; tight-fitting ulsters and the latest fur
novelties, all the freshest patterns in Wiltons, Moquettes, Axminsters,
Brussels, tapestry, ingrain and other carpetings; linoleums, rugs and oil
cloths, window shades, etc., and housekeeping goods; hosiery, notions and fancy
goods in vast. variety. This house is first to secure the most desirable
novelties in all fabrics of the loom, in fancy goods and ladies' garments, and
invariably guarantees the lowest prices. Mr. Twitchell is a native Vermonter,
and one of St. Albans' prominent citizens and leading business men. He Is
president of the board of school trustees, a member of the K. of P. and a K. T.,
and has served as president of the St. Albans board of trade.

   E. D. FULLER, Lively Stable, No. 104 Main Street.—This well-known stable was
established in 1820 and was the first livery established in town. It is and
always has been a very popular resort for the public in search of first-class
"rigs." Mr. E. D. Fuller, the proprietor, is a son of Mr. Wm. Fuller, who
established the business and retired in 1865, the son taking control at this
time. The premises occupied on Main Street cover a large space and afford
accommodation to a number of fine horses; about forty on an average are-kept.
Special attention is given to boarding horses and in this stable can be seen
some fine animals owned by wealthy gentlemen of the town. The stalls are all
well regulated and receive careful attention. The stables are well lighted,
drained and ventilated. A complete and desirable line of fine carriages are
kept, and rigs are furnished for all occasions where they may be required, such
as balls, the theatre, entertainments, funerals, weddings, etc. It being a rule
of the house to meet every call by telephone or otherwise promptly, patrons are
assured of prompt and courteous treatment, while the prices charged are always
fair and reasonable. As a dealer in horses Mr. Fuller has an extended
reputation. He sells over one hundred horses per year, his specialties being
gents' drivers and matched pairs, and is the largest dealer in horses in the
state. His stock consists chiefly of Morgan, Hambletonian and Phil Sheridan
breeds. Mr. Fuller is a native of St. Albans.

   MISS E. C. MAXHAM, Ladies' Trimmings, No. 111 Main St.— This is in all
respects a well-appointed, first-class establishment, complete in every
department and receives a large and influential patronage. Miss Emma C. Maxham,
the proprietress, commenced the business in 1876, and it at once leaped into
public favor, developing a trade of permanent and extensive proportions. The
general storeroom comprises a finely appointed apartment, artistically arranged
with all essential requisites for displaying and showing off, the stock in an
attractive manner. The stock here displayed embraces everything in the wide
range of ladies' fine trimmings and furnishing goods—articles, in fact, most
dear to the feminine heart. Many specialties are noted, particularly Butterick's
patterns, for which this house is the agency here. The stock handled by Miss
Maxham is made up of the very finest goods of this nature that could be
obtained. In quality, workmanship and finish it is unexcelled in this town by
that of any contemporary establishment, while the prices quoted are extremely
moderate. Miss Maxham is a native of this state, a lady of courteous manners,
and is very much respected here.

   DRISCOLL & GRAVES, Grain and Mill Feed, Lake and Market Streets.—There is not
among all the great staple food products that enter into general consumption any
that exceeds in importance those of hay, feed and grain, and it is in the nature
of things, therefore, that the sale and handling of these articles should
constitute one of the principal branches of mercantile activity in every center
of trade and commerce. A comparatively new house devoted to this line of trade
in St. Albans and rapidly winning a most enviable reputation in consequence of
its superior supplies and honorable, straightforward business methods is that of
Messrs. Driscoll & Graves, whose popular and ably conducted headquarters are so
eligibly located on the corner of Lake and Market Streets. The members of the
firm are Mr. T. G. Driscoll and Mr. F. H. Graves, both Vermonters by birth, and
having a wide range of experience in this line of trade, they formed this
copartnership under the present firm title and inaugurated this enterprise in
July, 1889, which at once secured a hold on public favor resulting in the
development of a very large and influential patronage that is constantly
increasing in volume and importance, extending throughout the city and
surrounding vicinity. The premises occupied are spacious and commodious,
comprising two floors and large storehouse In the rear, which *re fitted up with
special reference to the trade, which involves the daily handling of large
quantities of heavy and bulky articles connected with the business and provided
with ample accommodations for the large assortment constantly on hand. The stock
carried embraces the very choicest of everything in the line of domestic animal
provender, including mill products such as bran, shorts, middlings, ship stuffs,
cracked corn and oats, screenings, etc., also the very cleanest and best
varieties of baled timothy, clover, red top, blue grass and other hay, clean and
bright rye, oats and wheat straw, ?etc., clean, sweet and heavy oats, ear and
shelled corn, besides a full stock of timothy, clover, red top, orchard, lawn
and other grass seeds, field and garden vegetable seeds, etc. The firm makes a
specialty of the choicest brands of spring and winter wheat flour, also graham,
rye and buckwheat flour, oatmeal, yellow and white bolted and unbolted corn meal
and other fancy cereals of which they carry a full and complete variety at all
times, besides meal cakes, condition powders and other special articles for
horses and cattle; and also E. Frank Coe's high grade, ammoniated bone
super-phosphate. The firm enjoys close business connections with shippers and
the most prominent millers, and all goods purchased from them can be relied upon
as pure and wholesome. All orders receive prompt attention and are delivered in
the city free of charge when desired. Messrs. Driscoll and Graves are gentlemen
of superior business ability, enterprising, courteous and honorable, and they
justly merit the success they have achieved by their ability and perserverance.

   J. G. MOORE, Marble Worker, No. 91 Main Street.—These works were established
in 1872, and are among the most extensive and prosperous in the country. The
reputation and trade is not only local but national, and the operations of the
house extend from Maine to California. This pleasing result is due mainly to the
high quality of the work turned out, and also to the energetic and persevering
management of the business. The works at No. 91 Main Street are of a very
complete and spacious character, comprising two large yards, upon which have
been erected the necessary buildings and shedding for the several departments.
The rubbing and polishing and other machinery is of the most improved make and
is run by steam-power; indeed, the facilities of the works are such that all
orders received are promptly executed and in the best manner. In marble, the
house executes all manner of designs, particularly cemetery and monumental
works, and has set some of the finest monuments in the state. A large supply of
marble and granite, worked and in the rough, is kept in stock at all times, a
specialty being made of granite work. Estimates and designs are furnished on
application. In all the job work done at these works, there is manifested a
caref ul and skillful workmanship, and a display of good taste in material and
execution which have largely added to the reputation already enjoyed by the
concern. Mr. Moore, the proprietor, is a thoroughly practical man. He was born
in this state, and during his residence in St. Albans, has become widely known
and respected. He is a member of the G. A. R. and the K. of P. During the war,
Mr. Moore served gallantly in two Vermont reginemts, the First and the Twelfth.

   A. S. OLMSTEAD, Groceries, Etc., No. 142 Main Street.—A prominent,
progressive and representative house engaged extensively in this line of
business in St. Albans, handling none but reliable and A 1 goods, is that of Mr.
A. S. Olmstead, successor to I. J. Goodhue, dealer in groceries, lamps, wooden,
crockery and other wares. This enterprise was founded originally in 1870 by Mr.
I. J. Goodhue, who conducted it with unvarying success until 1889, when he
disposed of it to the present proprietor, ,who is a thoroughly experienced
business man. The premises utilized are of ample dimensions, commodious, and
admirably fitted up with special reference to the different departments of the
trade. The store is very neatly and attractively arranged and the stock carried
is full and complete in all its branches. Here will be found a superior
assortment of absolutely pure and fresh choice fancy and staple groceries,
including the very best grades of tea from China and Japan, choice, fragrant
Mocha, Java and Rio coffees, cocoas and spices; select brands of canned fruits,
vegetables, meats, fish, table delicacies, sauces, relishes and condiments;
sugar, syrups and molasses, best family flour, cereal and farinaceous foods,
prime dairy and fancy creamery butter and cheese, fresh eggs, pure lard, farm
and garden products; salt and smoked meats and fish; foreign and domestic
fruits; bakers' and laundry supplies, popular brands of cigars, smoking and
chewing tobaccos, etc. His stock of crockery, china and queens-ware includes the
latest and most desirable patterns in breakfast, dinner and tea sets; also game,
fish and toilet sets, besides a full assortment of most elegant single pieces in
the very finest of foreign and domestic wares; also fancy articles for use and
ornament of fine French, German and English and American productions; plain,
cut, embossed and pressed glassware, stained glass goods, while the assortment
of lamps includes all the very latest and most improved patterns and styles with
globes, shades and other fittings. The stock of wooden and willow ware embraces
every conceivable article in these lines for household purposes, and is
unsurpassed in quality and low prices. Polite assistants serve patrons and every
effort is made to please, while orders are delivered at residences in the city
free of charge. Mr. Olmstead is a native of this state, and is a wide-awake,
industrious man of excellent business ability.

   R. J. KNOWLES & CO., Artistic Upholstery, No. 87 N. Main Street.—This house
was organized in 1890, being the successor to Mr. A. H. Switzer, who had carried
on the business for years. Messrs. Knowles & Co. occupy an entire floor, 20 x 60
feet, employ a polite, clerical force, deliver all orders and are establishing a
successful and desirable trade among the first families of this city. They make
a specialty of custom work, giving particular attention to the artistic
upholstery of sofas, lounges, chairs, etc. They make to order and put up
draperies and window shades, produce fine picture frames, supply rich mouldings,
make and renovate mattresses, repair and polish furniture, lay carpets and give
careful attention to packing furniture, pictures, glass and china for
transportation and shipment. Messrs. Knowles & Co. have entered upon their
calling with a complete understanding of its details and requirements, and all
indications point to their success. The members of the house are Messrs. R. J.
Knowles and E. H. Shattuck.

   E. A. LAUGHLIN, Tobacco, No. 100 Main Street.—Mr. E. A. Laughlin is a retail
dealer in fruits, confections, tobacco and cigars, having established his
business in 1887. He has increased his patronage until his customers are
numerous and prominent. His goods occupy a roomy store, his stock consisting of
the choicest brands of tobacco, in which line he handles everything that goes to
consummate the delight of the smoker. He deals in smoking tobacco of every make,
Durham, Dills, Richmond and all of the choice Turkish and Periqne brands; also
plug tobacco, chewing and smoking; snuff, cigars of the best grades imported and
Key West, cigarettes, cheroots, etc., pipes, cigar holders, tobacco pouches and
boxes. He handles every variety of fruits, apples, pears, peaches, grapes and
the best confections, sweets, bon-bons, caramels and nuts. Mr. Laughlin is
regarded as a very reliable and able business man. A native of St. Albans, he
served gallantly for two years and five months in Co. G, Thirteenth New York
Cavalry, and is now an honored and active member of the G. A. R. Mr. Laughlin
also makes a specialty of fine scroll sawing.

   J. SCOFIELD & SON, Stoves, Etc., No. 162 South Main Street. —Messrs. J.
Scofield & Son are among the leading men engaged in this line in St. Albans.
They deal in stoves, ranges, furnaces, tinware, etc., and also attend to
plumbing and the arrangement of steam and hot water apparatus. The business was
originally established by Miller & McEvoy in 1876; succeeded by Miller & Greene:
they, by Miller & Scofield; that firm by Mr. J. Scofield, individually; and in
turn came Messrs. Scofield & Son, in 1889. They occupy a well-stocked store, 22
x 70 feet, with a roomy basement, and employ a force of ten persons, while they
deliver all orders. They handle every variety of stoves, for wood, small and
large coal, base burners; supply houses and buildings with the most useful
furnaces: put in piping for water, gas and conducting steam heat; build
radiators, fit water basins, sinks and bath-rooms, etc., while they also handle
all kinds of tinware, pails, boilers, pans, basins, sieves, etc. Messrs.
Scofield & Son stand among St. Albans' leading merchants. They have proven
themselves honorable and loyal to business principles. Mr. Scofield, Sr., is a
member of the F. and A. M., and a native of Canada. Mr. J. Scofield was born in
Vermont.

   FRED R. WOODWARD, Grocer, No. 167 So. Main Street.— Mr. Woodward is a native
of this town, and is one of the leading and respected citizens of the place. He
established his present enterprise in 1888, and the spacious premises are in
size 25 x 00 feet. Mr. Woodward conducts two important enterprises. In the first
place he is one of the leading grocers of the town, keeping in stock a fine and
select stock of fancy and staple groceries of every description, together with
complete lines of such special goods as confectionery and cigars. The line of
confectionery is particularly fine, and embraces all high grades in foreign and
domestic candies. Mr. Woodward's trade in this department is wide-spread and
extends among all classes in St. Albans. In the lunch room Mr. Woodward sells
substantial refreshments of all kinds at all hours of the day and evening. He
supplies the finest and choicest edibles the market affords and his place is the
resort par excellence for our best class of citizens. The entire establishment
presents at all times a busy and enlivening picture of human industry, and it is
one of the features of this part of the town.

   T. C. BRENNAN, Restaurant.—St. Albans is well supplied with a number of
first-class restaurants outside of the numerous hotels, and it owes much to the
enterprising and energetic restauranters who have brought about this result.
Prominent among these is the gentleman whose name heads this. Mr. Brennan is a
native of Ireland, and twenty years ago embarked in this business here, at which
he has gained both fame and fortune. Since 1880 he has occupied his present
quarters which are finely arranged, elegantly fitted up and convenient in every
way. Here, with every facility at hand, and with a table supplied at all seasons
of the year with the best of everything the market affords, Mr. Brennan caters
to and appeases the appetites of a most extensive patronage, regular and
transient, of this city and vicinity. In the character of "mine host," Mr.
Brennan stands the acknowledged peer of any of his contemporaries in this
section, and his popularity is due much to the courteous, affable demeanor he
holds out to all, as well as to the fine quality of meals set up at his restaurant.
 
   F. N. TROMBLEY, Baker, No. 77 Main Street.—The naturally productive state of
the country surrounding St. Albans, makes this-city one of the richest and most
abundant in table supplies and particularly in the bakers' province, a line in
which Mr. F. N. Trombley is engaged at No. 77 Main Street. He has one floor
completely stocked with every commodity known to the bakers' art, and although
established in business in 1890, Mr. Trombley is already doing a brisk and large
trade, with every prospect of its growth. Everything that he carries in stock is
first class and as a consequence he produces first-class bread stuffs. Mr.
Trombley is a practical baker, having spent years in the duty of learning his
trade and journeyman's work, before starting in business for himself. He bakes
and deals in the most delicious bread, crackers, pastry, cakes, pies, rolls,
crullers, doughnuts, poundcakes, wine cakes, lady fingers, etc., and all sort*
of plain, fancy, frosted, wedding, reception and tea cakes, baskets, etc. He
buys only the best brands of flour, and uses the sweetest butter and lard and
the finest grades of sugar and seasoning. He also makes and deals in choice
sweets, confections, bon-bons, caramels, etc. Mr. Trombley's store is neat and
handsomely arranged and his customers are of the best. He is a native of Canada.

   DR. C. S. CAMPBELL, Dentist, No. 4 Bank Street.—Dr. C: S. Campbell, the well
and favorably known dentist, for fully eight years has maintained a position in
the front rank in his profession. He is, in fact, one of the oldest and best
known practitioners in dentistry in St. Albans. He was licensed by the State
Board in 1882, came to this city to locate, choosing this as his field of labor
and permanent home. He is a thoroughly practical and experienced dentist of long
and varied experience, both in the mechanical and scientific branches of the
art. He occupies neatly appointed and completely equipped offices at above
address, having in service all the latest improved dental appliances and general
appurtenances, and is prepared to attend to everything comprehended in modern
dentistry in the most reliable and excellent manner. Teeth are extracted, filled
and adjusted with judgment and skill at reasonable prices, while plates are
inserted and artificial work of every description executed in the best form of
the art. The doctor is a native of this state and is very highly respected in
this vicinity.

  MRS. ALICE E. BAKER, Hair Work, No. 115 Main. Street.—It would seem that there
is no end to the resources for the supply of human hair, a line in which Mrs.
Alice E. Baker is engaged. She is a native of Vermont and a manufacturer of hair
work, keeping constantly on hand a complete assortment for sale. She is also an
expert in hair dyeing, making that a specialty. Mrs. Baker established her
business in 1875 and since that period has made a great success as a dyer. The
ingredients that she uses are sure not to injure the scalp or hair, but gives
the hair a natural color which throws off all suspicion that it has ever been
dyed. She keeps a large assortment of goods, including hair work of all sorts,
bangs, false front pieces, switches, etc. She also sells everything in the way
of variety, including toys, jewelry, school childrens' notions, fancy goods and
a large assortment of goods used by ladies and misses. She is the agent for
every make of sewing machine, including the-Household, Helpmate, New York,
Singer, Weed, New Haven, and a great many others. Mrs. Baker is noted as an
exceptionally clever business woman.

   THE MISSES LANE, Variety Store. No. 103 Lake Street.— The Misses Lane, who
are the proprietors of one of the most noticeable variety and fancy stores in
the city, established their business in 1888, and have now a neat and attractive
salesroom and a roomy storehouse, where they keep a large stock of goods of
every variety, toys, games, blocks, balls, Yankee notions, books, slates,
pencils, pens, paper, ink, tinware, pans, basins, boilers, cups, sieves, etc.
The Misses Lane also cary a full line of the choicest confections, made from the
purest sugar and syrups, including sweets, bon-bons, caramels, drops, stick
candy, etc., which they dispose of in neat packages; fruits of all kinds,
apples, pears, grapes, peaches, plums, bananas, nuts of every variety;
sweetmeats, fancy cakes, lady fingers and an endless array of articles for grown
persons and children. They carry the best stock of everything and have built up
a reputation for honorable, business dealings. The Misses Lane are natives of
Vermont, and are in the path of a success that does credit to their commercial
talent.

   A. S. HYDE & SON, Grocers, No. 118 Bank Street.—St. Albans has the honor to
claim some of the oldest and most reliable business houses in the state, among
the number being the grocery Arm of A. S. and F. W Hyde, known as Messrs. A. S.
Hyde & Son. This substantial old house was established away back in 1840, by
Messrs. Atwood & Hyde. They were succeeded by Messrs. Hyde, Burton & Beardsley
in 1845; then by Messrs. Hyde & Foster in 1850 by Mr. A. S. Hyde in 1855; and by
Messrs. A. S. Hyde & Son in 1879. Mr. Hyde, Sr., has therefore been connected
with the business for fifty years. That is a record worthy of historical note, a
fact which brings the firm into review in these pages. Messrs. Hyde & Son occupy
a floor 20 x 80 feet, and a large basement stocked with the choicest staple and
fancy groceries, tea, coffee, sugar, flour, bread-stuffs, cheese, eggs, produce
of every description, vegetables, fruits, nuts, confections, canned, preserved,
dried and pickled goods, etc. Messrs. Hyde & Son, however, make a specialty of
dealing in Franklin County butter and Vermont maple sugar. This butter is made
from the milk of the most carefully clover and grass fed cows, who are cared for
and given the best attention. The butter is churned and prepared for the market
with the utmost attention and comes in sweet and pure. The maple sugar is made
with the closest care and bears the brand of the best sugar made. Messrs. Hyde &
Son are among the most skilled merchants in St. Albans. They know their
customers' tastes and satisfy them. Their clerks are polite and attentive, their
store neat and attractive and they deliver all goods. They are popular men both
in business and public walks. Mr. A. S. Hyde has been lister and town treasurer
five years. He Is a native of Georgia, Vt. Mr. F. W. Hyde was born in St. Albans
and has been county treasurer nine years.

   COMEGYS & WEBSTER, Dentists, No. 2 Kingman Street. —Dentistry is one of the
most delicate and intricate of professions. Its ethics require a good deal more
than mere mechanical skill, demanding in fact, as supplementary to the
groundwork of its rudiments, talent, breadth of mind and a natural inclination
.to mastering all its details. We have here in St. Albans a number of
first-class dentists, men who, standing at the head of their profession enjoy
reputations not confined merely to the limits of the town, but extending over a
vast expanse of country as well. Of these it is a pleasure to note briefly the
careers of the gentlemen composing this firm, Messrs. J. M. Comegys, M. D. and
George O. Webster. Dr. Comegys is a native of Delaware aud a graduate from
Dartmouth College. In 1867 he established this office here and at once built up
a large and lucrative practice. Being a doctor of medicine as well, the doctor
found his time too much taken up in the prosecution of both professions and to
relieve himself somewhat of the burden, he, this present year, admitted Dr.
Webster as associate partner in the practice of dentistry. Dr. Webster is a
graduate from Philadelphia Dental College, and a thoroughly experienced
practitioner. These gentlemen, under the firm style of Comegys & Webster,
dentists, occupy superbly appointed offices at No. 2 Kingman Street. Every
department of this important profession is pursued, teeth extracted, filled and
adjusted and artificial work of all kinds done, and the offices are supplied
with the newest devised apparatus and appliances designed for dental practice.
The practice of this office is of large proportions and extends all through this
region of country. Both gentlemen are highly esteemed in all circles in St. Albans.

   W. T. MERRITT, Grocer, No. 164 South Bank Street.—The excellent, ably
conducted grocery store of Mr. W. T. Merritt was originally established by
Merritt & Scogel in 1876, the present proprietor succeeding this firm in 1881.
From its inception this house has been conducted In an upright, honorable,
liberal manner, and became widely known as one of the most desirable among the
many stores at which to obtain the very best bargains in choice groceries and
provisions. In size the store is 22 x 70 feet, and as regards fixtures and
appointments is very complete and perfect in all details. The stock has been
carefully selected, and in its variety embraces all the popular brands of family
flour, and teas and coffees of a superior quality, pure spices and sugar,
syrups, hermetically sealed goods in tin and glass, condiments and smoked meats,
fish and provisions, prime creamery and dairy butter, fresh eggs and the best
brands of choice cigars and tobacco. For the daily prosecution of business the
services of two hands and one delivery wagon is required. This house does both a
wholesale and retail trade of large proportions. Mr. Merritt is a native of
Canada and has for many years been actively and closely identified with the best
business interest of St. Albans.

   MRS. M. G. GILDER, Milliner, No. 101 Main Street.—The tastes of the American
people have grown so fastidious, that this country has at once leaped to the
front, as one of the best dressed nations of the earth. Not a little of this is
due to the enterprise of the American milliners, of whom St. Albans has one very
prominent in the person of Mrs. M. G. Gilder. This lady established her store in
1876, and is therefore entitled to be classed among the city's most reliable
tradespeople. She has occupied her present location in the old landmark known as
the Whiting Building for three years, and has a most exquisitely arranged store,
large and completely stocked with all of the stylish things that give joy to
ladies. She is among the first to import and procure the latest styles in
bonnets, hats, all classes of millinery goods, fancy goods, trimmings, rich
feathers, ribbons, laces, silks, gloves, notions and an endless variety of
enticing articles of ornament, such as pins, bracelets, chains, charms, belts,
etc. She does a thriving retail trade among the best families, carries on an
especial custom department and in every way conducts a first-class millinery
store. In the busy season, she employs six of the most skillful milliners to be
found, and keeps up with the fashions of the times. Mrs. Gilder is honored with
the distinction of being an exceptionally clever business woman, a practical
milliner and a woman of sound, honorable business principles. She is a native of
Vermont.

  A. B. SOULE, Dentist, No. 112 North Main Street.—In this article we desire to
call attention to one of the best conducted and prosperous offices here—that
managed by A. B. Soule, D.D.S- This gentleman is a native of Vermont, and was
graduated with high honors from the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery. Being a
wide-awake, energetic man, he foresaw the advantages to be derived in locating
in his native state, and in the early part of 1890, he located in St. Albans and
opened offices at present location. The wisdom of this step was at once
exemplified and the large practice now enjoyed by Dr. Soule is evidence of his
skillful work and wide popularity. His offices are finely furnished, and in the
matter of necessary equipment contain a fine stock of the essential apparatus
and appliances of the newest devised patents. The doctor prosecutes all
departments of the business, and is particularly skillful in extracting, filling
and adjusting teeth and doing all manner of artificial work. No one is more
highly esteemed or respected in St. Albans than is Dr. Soule.

   WM. ROBERTS, Dining Rooms, No. 30 Lake Street.—Since January 10, 1870, Wm.
Roberts has been conducting one of the most popular luncheon and dining-rooms at
No. 30 Lake Street, in St. Albans. He occupies two floors, 30 x 80 feet, and
besides catering to a large number of regular boarders, does an extensive
transient trade, serving a grand meal for twenty-five cents and keeping open
house at all hours. Mr. Roberts has very wisely preserved the domestic feature
of his place, by having his five daughters assist in conducting the dining-room.
He serves the best joints, tender, sweet and delicious roast beef, mutton, veal,
pork, lamb, chicken, turkey, ducks, geese, game, birds, sweet-breads,
bread-stuffs, soups, entrees, delicacies, tea, coffee, chocolate, cocoa and
sweet butter, fresh eggs, good country cheese, vegetables and fruits. He
supplies peaches, apples, pears, grapes, etc., nuts of all kinds, confections,
sweets, bon-bons, caramels, ice-cream and ices. Mr. Roberts knows how to please
his customers and succeeds. He is a shrewd, upright man of business, and
prominent in society. A native of New York, he served his country with gallantry
two years in Co. D, Thirty-fourth N. Y. Volunteers, and is an honored member of the

G. A. R.

   J. W. RYAN, Grocer, No. 34 Foundry Street.—Mr. J. W. Ryan has been working
for success since 1878 and can safely be said to have reached his aim. His
business was originally established in 1874, by M. Chase. Mr. Ryan succeeded him
twelve years ago and is now at No. 34 Foundry Street, where the best families of
St. Albans buy their meats, fish, groceries, etc. He has a heavily stocked
store, 25 x 60 feet, and a large storehouse. He employs an ample force of polite
clerks and delivers all goods. His store is a neat and most essentially clean
and attractive place. He handles the tenderest, sweetest meats, for joints,
broils, stews and fries, including beef, mutton, lamb, veal and pork; the
freshest fish, blue, cod, sun, poggies, flatfish, bull-heads, catfish,
whitefish; oysters of every brand, not forgetting blue points and Rockaways;
vegetables, farm produce, butter, eggs, cheese, flour, potatoes, peas, beets,
cabbage, greens, celery; fruits, apples, pears, peaches, grapes; choice family
groceries, sugar, tea, coffee, spices, chocolate, cocoa, canned and preserved
goods, pickles, bread-stuffs, crackers, cakes, dainties, Yankee notions, etc.;
in fact, everything belonging to a first-class grocery store.

   J. SHEERAR, Dentist, No. 124 Main Street.—A well known, reliable and
thoroughly skilled gentleman engaged in this profession is Dr. John Sheerar.
This establishment was founded originally about the year 1860 by Dr. L. Gillman,
and was ably conducted by him until 1870, when he was succeeded by the present
proprietor. His office, operating rooms and laboratory are spacious, commodious,
handsomely and attractively fitted up, while all the very latest improved
mechanical and scientific devices and appliances known to the profession are to
be found here in active use as occasion requires. Dr. Sheerar is thoroughly
practical, skilled and versed in every department of his profession, and
occupies a foremost position in its ranks in this state, which has been acquired
by some very difficult and intricate eases which he brought to a successful
termination. The use of vapors, cocaine and anaaesthetics for the alleviation of
pain in extracting and filling teeth have proved successful in all cases in his
hands, while special attention is given to the filling of decayed teeth with
gold, silver, platinum or other reliable substances, also particular care is
taken in the cleansing of teeth, removal of foreign substances and the treatment
of the gums also of children's teeth. He is also prepared to execute artificial
work at the shortest notice, placing teeth singly or in sets on gold, vulcanized
rubber or other plates in the very best style of workmanship, guaranteeing
perfect fit, comfort and durability, while his prices are extremely reasonable.

   DR. H. A. PEPIN, No. 14 Kingman Street.—It is not always the oldest business
firms in which the brightest signs of a commercial success exist. A notable and
worthy exception to this rule might be found in the already prosperous drug
business attained by Dr. Pepin. His roomy store known as Bellevue drug store, is
located on Kingman Street, and was established in the Spring of 1889. This store
is stocked with one of the best lot of goods in this part of the city. The
doctor being a practical chemist and druggist and an eminently clever compounder
of medicines, physicians place great faith in his judgment in the filling of
their prescriptions. Dr. Pepin carries a complete stock of all sorts of drugs,
chemicals, bay rum, perfumes, fancy and toilet articles, brushes, combs, tooth
and face powders, and all of the necessities of the dressing table. The
prescription department is under his own control and recipes are prepared at all
hours of the day or night, etc., etc., etc. His stock is of the highest grade,
his store neatly and attractively arranged and his patronage from the highest
families in town. He has studied pharmacy for four consecutive years in the
Ecole Pharmaceutique de la Province de Quebec, Montreal, and in the New Orleans
College of Pharmacy, New Orleans, La.


Additional Comments:
Extracted from:

INDUSTRIES AND WEALTH OF THE PRINCIPAL POINTS IN VERMONT,
BEING
BURLINGTON, WINOOSKI, RUTLAND, WEST RUTLAND, BRANDON, FAIR HAVEN, POULTNEY,
CASTLETON, ST. ALBANS, SWANTON, ENOSBURG FALLS, BRATTLEBORO, BELLOWS FALLS,
MONTPELIER, BARRE, WATERBURY, ST. JOHNSBURY, LYNDONVILLE, LYNDON, HARDWICK,
BENNINGTON, SPRINGFIELD, WHITE RIVER JUNCTION, VERGENNES, MIDDLEBURY, NORTHFIELD
AND MORRISVILLE.

1891.

PUBLISHED BY
AMERICAN PUBLISHING AND ENGRAVING CO.,
(ELEVATORS.)
Nos. 149 AND 151 CHURCH STREET, NEW YORK.


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