Dane County WI Archives History - Books .....Chapter X Schools, Literature And Art 1877 ************************************************ Copyright. All rights reserved. http://www.usgwarchives.net/copyright.htm http://www.usgwarchives.net/wi/wifiles.htm ************************************************ File contributed for use in USGenWeb Archives by: Joy Fisher sdgenweb@yahoo.com April 26, 2006, 1:26 am Book Title: Madison, Dane County And Surrounding Towns... CHAPTER X. SCHOOLS, LITERATURE AND ART. THOSE who came to build the capitol and make homes in its vicinity were mainly from eastern states where they had enjoyed the advantages of school training. Many had taught school, and it was a privation to be removed from books and other intellectual delights. Schools for the young were provided in due time, but the first want was an association for adult culture. Whist, euchre and "old sledge," were diligently pursued by skillful amatuers, who straddled a fallen tree all Sunday, engaged in that absorbing occupation; but the pasteboard ministers of pleasure would not supply all demands. The pioneers established a debating society with stated meetings, chosen subjects formally announced, and a regular organization, that afforded better employment for leisure. The log shanty sleeping room in the park, already named, thirty feet by twenty, was the hall in which the weekly tournaments of wit and wisdom were provided. The club house athenaeum was a popular rallying place, and few lyceum courses have proved more interesting. There were no attractions elsewhere to militate against the popularity of the movement. The summer of 1837 saw the debates in full swing, and they continued until November, when all the workmen except Darwin Clark were paid off. During the winter there were no meetings, because the debaters and audience had gone to Milwaukee, and the understandings of the minority were exercised in a dancing academy, the members of which celebrated Madison's first New Year, with two days devotion to Terpsichore. The zeal of the devotees may be gathered from the fact, that on the second day, shoes were dispensed with. Mr. Turveydrop would perhaps have found fault with such freedom of deportment. There was a renewal of the debating society in the spring of 1838, and many new members joined. Work did not absolutely cease the next winter, and the meetings continued. When the legislature held its first session in the village, home talent in the log shanty was pitted against imported eloquence, in the frozen capitol, and the more dignified assemblages were not always the winners. Sheriff Childs stirred up Morrison's pigs in the basement of the capitol, to drown the voices of some of his associates, but in the little athenaeum, there was choicer music, as well as more courtesy. The leaders in literary debate were not called on to compete with vivacious porkers. There was an idle time in the summer of 539, work was scarce, and the weekly meetings tended to become permanent clubs, for retailing stories. Some of the master spirits of the "Thousand and one" were on hand. One of the latest efforts under the old auspices was George Stoner's interesting lecture on phrenology, illustrated by phenomena. The lecture was published. The lecturer may again be heard from. His younger brother, James Madison Stoner, was the first white boy born in the village. The Madison Institute was an outgrowth of the minds that originated the debating society, an intellectual successor. Incorporated in 1853, its rooms were in Bruen's block, now Brown's; and the leading papers and magazines with some few books were procured for members and visitors. The winter of '54-5, was signalized by a course of lectures in which Horace Greeley, James R. Lowell, Bayard Taylor, Parke Godwin and John G. Saxe appeared. The library had then one hundred volumes, and other collections made up a total of about 13,000 in the hands of the state, the executive, the university, the state superintendent, the historical society, the agricultural society, the natural history association, the district school, and Mr. Draper, the invaluable collector and corresponding secretary of the historical society. The library of the Institute has largely increased, and is now located in the city hall, where it is open every afternoon, and on Saturday evenings. Some years have elapsed since the last course of lectures was undertaken by the society, and it is time to fix a date for resumption. The first schools have been named elsewhere. Miss Pierce taught the girls in a building near the site of Dean's Block in 1840. There were then only thirteen pupils in the village. Mr. Searle opened his school for boys in 1839, and was succeeded by Mr. Williamson, David Brigham, Jas. Morrison and Burk Fairchild, as school commissioners in December, 1841, set off school district No. 1, which was subsequently enlarged, including a wide area besides the village of Madison. In the next year, Mrs. Gay opened a select school for young ladies. Two years later, the public schools were so crowded that tuition was kept up all the year to meet the demand. Four months had been the maximum. David H. Wright was the first teacher to carry out the extended term. The school room had a kind of shelf, called a gallery, on which the smaller pupils were placed when the more advanced scholars required the floor, and ventilation, on any principle, was neglected as an extravagance. Miss Smedley taught during 1845, and a larger building was found indispensable. The "Little Brick," school house on Butler street was a palatial structure in its day, but that also became too small. Jerome R. Brigham and Royal Buck taught there in succession for three years. Madison Academy had been incorporated, the village made a school district, and soon afterwards the preparatory department of the state university was opened by Prof. Sterling. The first graded school dates from 1850, with Jas. L. Enos, principal, at a salary of $30 per month, and Mrs. Church had control of the primary. Damon Y. Kilgore, superintendent, urged an increase and improvement of school accommodation in 1855. There were 1,600 persons of school age in the district, less than half of whom were attending school. Three grades were established by the board, and there has been no material change since. The school board and trustees could not agree as to an authorized outlay of $10,000, and plans for new schools languished; but two years afterwards, Mr. Kilgore reported eleven schools employing fifteen teachers, the number eligible for tuition being nearly two thousand. School houses in the First and Third wards were finished and others sanctioned, but the money difficulty stood in the way. High school was taught in the old Congregational church, employing eight teachers for 133 pupils. That institution was in better quarters in I860, but was then discontinued for want of funds, and for the same reason the summer term of the ward schools was abandoned. Miss Cones procured the use of the building and furniture from the board, and, at her own risk for a time, conducted a high school for young ladies. When Prof. C. H. Allen asked the city to provide better school training in 1863, there were nearly 2,000 of school age in the district beyond the number in average attendance. High school was reopened with about one-third of its former total, and soon afterwards the Fourth ward school house was commenced. State Supt. McMynn pronounced that building "the best in the state," and the Second ward was supplied with a like structure on the same plan. The school house in the university addition was finished in 1870. Three years later the high school on Wisconsin avenue was erected on the old site, and is much praised; but modern science suggests the desirability of more floor space and less stair climbing for all pupils, hut more especially for girls, as more important than architectural beauty. Widely extended buildings of only one story, would not be so ornamental as the average of our school buildings, but they would be easier warmed and ventilated, and the results, in a physiological sense, would far outweigh every other consideration, among the best informed. The High School is at present under the direction of Professor Shaw, whose efficiency as Superintendent of the city schools is a matter for the school board as well as our citizens to be specially proud of. The denominational schools connected with the churches of St. Raphaels, St. Regina and the Holy Redeemer, deserve special mention. There are excellent private schools, whose merits can only be glanced at. R. F. George is the principal of the Commercial School on/ Wisconsin Avenue and Johnson Street, and the Northwestern Business College in Ellsworth's block, of which Messrs. Wilmot, Demming & Boyd are proprietors, are schools of high standing. Add to these several institutions the college just opened by the Norwegian church in the old Farwell residence, and it will be seen that the sum total of facility for tuition in this city is scarcely excelled by any other place of its size in the Union. The Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters was originated by a convention in the state agricultural rooms in February, 1870. The purposes aimed at are explained by the title, and the spirit in which the work has been prosecuted, justifies the assumption that "the foundations may he laid for an. institution that shall he of practical utility, and a lasting honor to the state." The transactions of the academy have been published by votes of the legislature, and among the many valuable papers are some that would do honor to any institution of the kind; but which would hardly commend themselves to the directors of the daily press as popular reading, from the recondite matter introduced. Madison has given a large proportion of the officers of the academy for the current year. Professor Davies of the State University is General Secretary; Prof. S. H. Carpenter, Vice President for Department of Speculative Philosophy; Dr. J. W. Hoyt, Vice President for Department of Pine Arts; Gen. Geo. P. Delaplaine, Treasurer; C. N. Gregory, A. M., Librarian; and E. T. Sweet, M. S., Director of Museum. The State University has added largely to the aggregate of literary culture, for which our city stands preeminent. It is our purpose to name some of the more prominent among our men and women of letters, briefly noting their contributions, and it is due to the University that we begin with a sketch of its accomlished [sic] president. John Bascom was born in Genoa, N. Y., on the first day of May, 1827, as we learn from "Durfee's Biographical Annals of Williams College." He is consequently now in his fiftieth year. Having fitted for college at Homer Academy, N. Y., he entered "Williams" in 1845, and graduated four years later. Severe study, and the necessity to teach while pursuing his course as a student, weakened his visual organs, as in 1853 he partially lost the use of his eyes so that he was dependent on others for his reading, and for five years sight was not fully restored. Steadfastly pursuing his studies, Mr. Bascom graduated at Andover Theological Seminary in 1855, and was called to the professorship of rhetoric in Williams College. In the year 1858, he published a work on "Political Economy," to which his mind had been specially directed, while serving as tutor at Williams College in 1852-3. Four years later his second book appeared, a treatise on "AEsthetics," followed in 1865 by a volume on "Rhetoric," and in 1869 by "Psychology," a work treating one of the most engrossing subjects of modern thought. "Science, Philosophy and Religion" in 1871, the "Philosophy of English Literature" in 1874, and the "Philosophy of Religion" in 1876, may be taken as evidences that the lesson of five years in semi-darkness has not been construed into an excuse for taking things easily. The university duties devolving upon President Bascom are onerous, but they do not exhaust his mental force, and the superfluous energy of the scholar finds expression in additions to our literature, such as will cause the name of the writer to be remembered in future years. President Bascom is a diligent contributor to some of our leading quarterlies. Prof. R. B. Anderson has long been a successful author. His graphic work, amplified from a lecture, "America not discovered by Columbus," won recognition on both sides of the Atlantic. It is now out of print, but a new edition is demanded, and may be looked for shortly. "Norse Mythology" has gone through its second edition, and a third is in the press. "Viking Tales of the North " is just out, and the demand attests the author's reputation. Besides these works, by which Mr. Anderson is best known in this country, he has produced many pamphlets and larger works in the Norwegian tongue, including "Jule-gave," or "Yule Gift," and "Den Norske Maal-sag," or "The Norse Language-Question." His translation from the Swedish of the "Handbook for Charcoal Burners," a combination of prize essays on the subject, has attracted much attention. Mr. Anderson is professor of the Scandinavian languages, and librarian of the State University, in which capacity he has twice visited Europe, and will repeat the tour shortly, as a member of the Congres des Americanistes, which will assemble in the Duchy of Luxembourg. The professor is a lecturer of considerable merit, honorary member of the Iceland Literary Society, participating in all the publications of that association, Scandinavian editor of McClintock & Strong's Cyclopedia, and of Kiddle & Schem's Educational Cyclopedia; and has been appointed to deliver a course of lectures on Norse literature, at the Peabody Institute, Baltimore, in December, 1877. Circumstances have brought the professor in contact with many of the world's most renowned scholars and poets, such as Max Miiller and Whitney, Bjornson and Longfellow, and his collection of autographs is most interesting. Prof. W. F. Allen was associated with T. P. Allen in producing the "Handbook of Classical Geography," in 1862, and with Chas. P. Ware and Lucy McK. Garrison in a volume of "Slave Songs," in 1867. In 1870, Mr. Allen produced an "Introduction to Latin Composition." Joined with Jos. H. Allen, in 1868 and 1869, he wrote a "Manual of Latin Grammar," " Latin Lessons" and a "Latin Reader," and during the current decade, associated with Jos. H. Allen and Jas. P. Greenough, has added to our literature six works on Cicero's Select Orations, De Senectute, Sallust's Catiline, Virgil, Ovid and Caesar. Prof. Allen ranks among the most prominent Latin scholars in America, and is a constant contributor to The Nation, North American Review, and other such publications. Prof. S. H. Carpenter was born at Little Falls, Herkimer County, N. Y., and at the age of twenty-one graduated in Rochester University, receiving from that institution in 1855 and 1871, the degrees of A. M. and LL. D. The professor commenced his career in our State University as a tutor in 1852 and has been identified with the interests of education ever since. His publications can only be glanced at, but their titles are descriptive: "Education a Mental Possession," "The Moral Element in Education," "Education a Necessity in a Free Government," "The Evidences of Christianity," "University Education," "The Drama," "An Address to the State Teachers' Association," "The Relations of Skepticism to Scholarship," "Conflict between the Old and the New Education," "Metaphysical Basis of Science," "Relation of Educational Institutions," " Philosophy of Evolution," "Industrial Education," "The Educational Problem," "Historical Sketch of the University," "Our National Growth," and still unpublished an address on "The Duty and Difficulty of Independent Thinking." Prof. Carpenter's "English of the "Fourteenth Century," and "Introduction to the Study of Anglo Saxon," cannot fail to live as standard works; and he has translated from the French of Emile de Laveleye, "The Future of Catholic Nations" and "Political Economy and Socialism," besides contributing largely to periodicals of the highest type. Dr. James Davie Butler, LL. D., was born in Rutland, Vt., and graduated at Middlebury College at twenty-one. Having studied theology in Yale and Andover, he next became a traveler in Europe, Asia and Africa, extending his researches into Polynesia by visiting the Sandwich Islands. Returning to his alma mater, he became a tutor in Middlebury College, and, in succession, professor in Norwich University, Wabash College, and in our University, in all, about eighteen years. He officiated as a Congregational pastor at Wells River, Vt., Peabody, Mass., and at Cincinnati, O. He has published "Armsmear," a memorial of Col. Colt; "Letters From Abroad," which appeared in Boston, New York, Cincinnati, Chicago and Madison, and valuable papers in Kitto's Cyclopedia Bibliotheca Sacra, Quarterly Register, and in connection with the American Institute and our State Historical Society. The professor is well known as a lecturer, and his occasional sermons are always listened to with profound interest. Lyman C. Draper, A. M., LL. D., has rather aimed at preparing material for future historians, than at becoming a writer of books; but he has won for himself the title of "The Western Plutarch." His attention was early directed to the want of efficient collection, which prevented masses of facts, once well known, from being authenticated for historical use, and much of his life has been devoted to the rectification of that class of errors. Circumstances have aided him in some degree in becoming acquainted with notabilities, and his personal reminiscences of La Fayette, De Witt Clinton, Gov. Cass, Chas. Carroll, Daniel Boone, and others equally celebrated in their several spheres, would make one of the most readable volumes of the day. His collection of MSS. is certainly the most valuable in the west, and in the hands of a skillful writer, might be wrought into works of engrossing interest and great literary value. Mr. Draper has seen service in the field; has been justice of the peace in Northern Mississippi, editor of a newspaper, farmer, and since his removal to this state, has been identified with the State Historical Society, as we have elsewhere recorded. As state superintendent of public instruction, his labors deserve honorable mention. His published works consist of pamphlets and school reports, evincing much research, the seven volumes of collections of the Historical Society with valuable notes, "The Helping Hand," a work in which Mr. Croffut assisted, and two works are now ready for the press; one, in which Mr. Butterfield was his colaborer, entitled "Border Forays," and, though last, not least, "The Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence," a book full of careful compilations on the daring assertion of independence enunciated at Mecklenburg, N. C, more than twelve months prior to the time from which we date our centennial. Dr. J. W. Hoyt, A. M., M. D., LL. D., is already known to our readers as editor of "The Wisconsin Farmer" but he has served the state in numerous other capacities. Worthington, Ohio, was his place of nativity, and in that state he was Professor of Chemistry and Medical Jurisprudence in the Cincinnati College of Medicine, as also, at a later date, Professor of Chemistry and Natural History in Antioch College. The doctor was Secretary of the Wisconsin State Agricultural Society; was founder and President of the Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters, besides holding many other appointments of honor and usefulness, which defy enumeration. His services to the State University alone would require more space than we have at our disposal for this brief notice. His works consist of thirteen annual reports of the State Agricultural Society, and other reports on the resources and progress of Wisconsin; on the London International Exhibition; on the Paris Exposition Universelle; on the Railroad Commission; as chairman of the National University Committee; a work on "University Progress;" and numerous monographs, industrial, educational and scientific. The doctor has a well stored mind, and its resources are ever at his fullest command for the work of the hour and the age. Mr. H. A. Tenney has figured in many other chapters of our history, and he must not be forgotten among our authors. To him are due the earliest sketches extant of Dane and Pierce counties, and innumerable contributions preserved by the State Historical Society. He has been a Wisconsin man from a very early date. He has now almost ready for the press, a volume on "Early Humor in "Wisconsin," which should have a good sale. D. S. Durrie, whose unobtrusive labors in the State Historical Library have been too little noticed, deserves more than a passing mention. He has long filled the position of Librarian. His works consist of the "Bibliography of Wisconsin;" "Early Outposts of Wisconsin;" "Bibliographic Genealogy of America;" "The Steele Family;" "Holt Genealogy;" "Utility of the Study of Genealogy;" "History of the Four Lake Country;" and parts of the "History of Wisconsin;" of Iowa and Missouri. Mr. Durrie compiles with faithfulness, and has a conscience in his literary labors. C. W. Butterfield was born in July, 1824, and has prosecuted his literary labors with much good fortune. His principal works are the "History of Seneca County," Ohio; "A System of Grammatical and Rhetorical Punctuation;" "Crawford's Expedition against Sandusky, in 1782;" and in conjunction with Mr. Draper, Mr. Butterfield has produced "Border Forays." A new edition of Crawford's Expedition may be expected shortly. His "Washington Crawford Letters," have just appeared. Rev. J. B. Pradt has long been a resident in this state. He has issued ten volumes of the Wisconsin Journal of Education, from 1860 to 1865, as editor and publisher, and from 1871 to the present time, as co-editor and publisher. Mr. Pradt has also assisted in issuing eight annual reports of the Department of Public Instruction; and an edition of the Constitutions of the United States and Wisconsin, with historical notes, questions and glossary. Rev. Ames C. Pennock came to Wisconsin in 1844, and four years later, joined the M. E. Conference, preaching in this state and in Minnesota until 1862, when in consequence of impaired health, it became necessary to abate his labors. Mr. Pennock has had experience as a farmer, merchant, agent, author,' editor and newspaper correspondent. He is now a publisher of books as well as a writer. His mind revels alike in poetry and prose, and those who have encountered him in theological controversy will long remember the event. He has published a brief, but very exhaustive work, on "The Fall and the Rescue of Man;" also recently issued "The Problem of Evil, or Theory and Theology," and has written a volume of poetry. Professor Nicodemus has now ready for the press a translation of "Weisbach's Engineer," a work of admitted value, which cannot fail to be recognized as a standard production. The translation from the Swedish, by Professor Anderson, of Svedelius' "Handbook for Charcoal Burners," was edited by Mr. Nicodemus, who contributed copious notes from the writings of acknowledged authorities. Many articles in the published proceedings of the Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters are due to his industry, and other additions to our current literature might be given, were it necessary to complete the catalogue. Prof. Searing, superintendent of public instruction, was one of the faculty of Milton College, in this state, prior to his election to the office now worthily filled by him. His published works consist of an address on the "Character of Abraham Lincoln," delivered shortly after the assassination of the martyred president, and a school edition of Virgil's Eneid. The great success of the book last named, led to the preparation of an edition of Homer's Iliad, which was nearly ready for publication when Mr. Searing was elected. In consequence of his call to the unsought honor, the book has not yet seen the light, but its appearance may be anticipated shortly, and its success looked upon as assured, so great and well applied has been the labor, and so exceptionally elegant will be the illustrations. Prof. Searing deserves high honor for the strenuous personal efforts by which he has earned his own advancement in the department of letters. His official services have been properly noticed elsewhere. His career has been highly meritorious, and substantially successful; he is yet only on the thresh-hold of his literary eminence. Mr. John Y. Smith, who wrote a history of Madison, in brief, for one of the earlier Directories, was a writer of great force, and fineness of intellect; but want of space precludes a becoming notice of his merits. Col. Slaughter has been frequently mentioned in our pages, and it remains only to say that as a writer, he is a gentleman of high repute. He is now engaged on a series of Wisconsin Biographies, which will widely extend his fame. Jas. R. Stuart is a native of South Carolina, where his forefathers settled in the first half of the eighteenth century, hence probably his adhesion to the "lost cause" for which he fought. His scientific training was procured in Harvard, his first instruction in art in the studio of Joseph Ames of Boston. After some years of school teaching in Savannah, he was enabled to prosecute his art studies in the academies of Munich and Carlsruhe. Mr. Stuart came to Madison in 1872, and many of his pictures have commanded admiration. Judges Dunn and Paine, in the supreme court rooms, are from his studio, and he has also painted Gen. Allen, of Oshkosh, Judges Miller, Smith and Jonathan E. Arnold, of Milwaukee, "besides many others. The fineness of touch for which Mr. Stuart is justly praised does not detract in any degree from the faithfulness of his presentations. Judge Arthur B. Braley, one of the oldest and most respected members of the Dane County Bar, and who for many years has held the responsible office of municipal judge, in which position he has discharged the duties with impartiality and a strict regard, to law and justice that has won for him the esteem of all lovers of law and order. The Judge has delighted the readers of one of our public journals, with a very clear and analytical commentary on some of the leading characters in Shakespere's plays. That on Hamlet cannot be excelled in the completeness of its portraiture of the King, Queen and Prince. We trust the Judge will favor his many friends by publishing the articles in book form. Miss Ella A. Giles, authoress of "Bachelor Ben," and "Out from the Shadows," has been honored with copious notices in metropolitan journals accustomed to wield the scalpel of criticism with little mercy. Her books survive such scrutiny, and further contributions from her pen may be anticipated. Mrs. Sara C. Bull has recently entered the field of literature, and has already established for herself a brilliant record by her excellent translation of Jonas Lie's "The Pilot and his Wife." The leading periodicals on both sides of the Atlantic are loud in their praises of Mrs. Bull's book, and, indeed, she has chosen for translation a novelist whose pictures of Norse life cannot be surpassed. They are like the music of Ole Bull played by Ole Bull himself, or like sky rockets that burst in the zenith and fall in gentle showers of fiery rain. "The Pilot and his Wife" is already in its second edition, and more books may soon be looked for from Mrs. Bull's pen. Miss Ella Wheeler has won triumphs as an authoress in this city, and her residence in Dane county enables us to include her name among the Litterateurs that adorn the history of Madison. The young poetess came before the public first in New York in 1873, when "Drops of Water" was the significant title of her work. During the same year, and almost at the same time, her second book "Shells" was being published in Milwaukee, so that east and west were alike doing homage to her genius. "Maurine," her third production, has evoked much friendly criticism, but we believe that "The Messenger," a piece published by Harper and Brothers, New York, will hardly be excelled by any of her later productions, bright and telling as they prove. Miss Wilhelmina Fillans, an artist of considerable merit, has been already referred to as occupying a suite of rooms in the capitol; but since that mention was made, Miss Fillans has removed to other quarters. The lady comes of a family of artists, and her skill is beyond question. Many of her paintings grace the homes of Madison, and her modelings are no less fine. Among which are a life-sized bust, of Judge L. S. Dixon, and Chief Justice E. G. Ryan of the Supreme Court room, and also a crayon portrait of Gov. Taylor for the Agricultural rooms. Additional Comments: Extracted from: History of Madison Section MADISON, DANE COUNTY AND SURROUNDING TOWNS; BEING A HISTORY AND GUIDE TO PLACES OF SCENIC BEAUTY AND HISTORICAL NOTE FOUND IN THE TOWNS OF DANE COUNTY AND SURROUNDINGS, INCLUDING THE ORGANIZATION OF THE TOWNS, AND EARLY INTERCOURSE OF THE SETTLERS WITH THE INDIANS, THEIR CAMPS, TRAILS, MOUNDS, ETC. WITH A COMPLETE LIST OF COUNTY SUPERVISORS AND OFFICERS, AND LEGISLATIVE MEMBEES, MADISON VILLAGE AND CITY COUNCIL. ILLUSTRATED, MADISON, WIS.: PUBLISHED BY WM. J. PARK & CO., BOOKSELLERS, STATIONERS AND BINDERS, 11 KING STREET. 1877. COPYRIGHT. WM. J. PARK & CO. 1877. DAVID ATWOOD, STEREOTYPER AND PRINTER, MADISON, WIS. File at: http://files.usgwarchives.net/wi/dane/history/1877/madisond/chapteri13nms.txt This file has been created by a form at http://www.genrecords.net/wifiles/ File size: 29.7 Kb