Biographical Sketches of Officers of the State Governement and judges of the Supreme Court of Appeals, West Virigina, 1917 This file was submitted by Valerie Crook, E-mail address: This file may be freely copied by individuals and non-profit organizations for their private use. All other rights reserved. Any other use, including publication, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission by electronic, mechanical, or other means requires the written approval of the file's author. This file is part of the WVGenWeb Archives. If you arrived here inside a frame or from a link from somewhere else, our front door is at http://www.usgwarchives.net/wv/wvfiles.htm Biographical Sketches of Officers of the State Governement and judges of the Supreme Court of Appeals, West Virigina, 1917 Source: West Virginia Legislative Hand Book and Manual and Official Register, 1917, Compiled and Edited by John T. Harris, Clerk of the Senate, The Tribune Printing Co., Charleston, West Va. pgs. 753 - 770 pg. 753 ELECTIVE STATE OFFICERS. Governor. JOHN JACOB CORNWELL, (Democrat), the fifteenth Governor of West Virginia, was born July 11, 1867, in Ritchie county, West Virginia, on a farm near the town of Pennsboro, the son of Jacob H. Cornwell and Mary E. (Taylor) Cornwell. The elder Cornwell moved the family to Hampshire county in 1870 where the younger Cornwell and future Governor of the State was reared to man- nood on a Hampshire county farm. Educated in the public schools and at Shep- herd College, he began teaching at the age of sixteen and followed that profession for seven years, being the principal of the graded schools in Romney during the years 1889-90. In the fall of 1890 with his brother, W. B. Cornwell, he bought the Hampshire Review, published at Romney, and has been the editor of that publication—the single newspaper published in Hampshire county—for a period of over twenty-five years, retiring as the active editor when he was sworn in as Governor of West Virginia. In connection with his newspaper work he studied law in the offices of his brother and was admitted to practice in 1894. He has been largely instrumental in the development of his section of the State. It was through his efforts that the railroad was constructed from Romney to Moorefield, tapping a rich territory and permitting development. He has been active for many years in the development of his section as a commercial fruit- growing country. In 1896 Governor Cornwell made his entry into politics and was elected a delegate to the Democratic National Convention held at Chicago where William Jennings Bryan was nominated for the first time for the Presidency. In 1898 Governor Cornwell was elected to the State Senate from the old Twelfth Sena- torial District which was composed of the counties of Hampshire, Hardy, Mineral, Grant, Pendleton and Tucker. In 1902 he was re-elected to the State Senate from the Fifteenth Senatorial District, the Legislature having re-districted the State, increasing the number of senatorial districts from thirteen to fifteen. While serving a second term as a member of the State Senate he was nominated by the Democratic party in State convention at Parkersburg for Governor of West Virginia. In the campaign that followed he ran 25,000 votes ahead of his ticket, being defeated by 8,000 majority by the late W. M. O. Dawson, when Theodore Roosevelt carried the State by 33,000 majority. In 1912 Governor Cornwell was elected a delegate to the Democratic National Convention at Baltimore and four years later was nominated in a general pri- mary election to be the Democratic nominee for Governor of West Virginia. The vote in the 1916 election showed Governor Cornwell to have been the sole Demo- crat on the State ticket to be elected. The Governor was married in 1891 to Miss Edna Brady and they have one surviving child, Mrs. Eugene E. Ailes, of Washington. Since his inauguration as Governor on March 4, 1917, Governor Cornwell called the State Legislature into extraordinary session on May 14, 1917, and that body responded to his wishes in submitting to a vote of the people a constitutional amendment proposing a budget system, designed to place a check on ruthless expenditures from the State treasury. The Legislature also enacted a number of war measures through the operation of which Governor Cornwell has been desirous of assisting the Federal Government in the prosecution of the war with Germany. He has been the "war Governor" in fact as well as in name, devoting his energies to arousing the people of the State to the causes which impelled America to enter the war against the Imperial Government of Germany. He has been a fore- most figures in the Liberty Loan, Red Cross, Y. M. C A. and other campaigns through which funds have been and are being raised to diligently and successfully prosecute the war. Secretary of State. HOUSTON G. YOUNG (Republican), was born October 10, 1882, on a farm near Clarksburg, Harrison county, West Virginia; was elected Secretary of State November, 1916, for a term of four years beginning March 4, 1917. pg. 754 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES Superintendent of Free Schools. MORRIS PURDY SHAWKEY (Republican), State Superintendent of Free Schools of West Virginia, was born at Sigel, Pennsylvania, in 1868. He is one of the numerous sons of the old Keystone State who have gone to other fields to do a worthy work. In many senses Mr. Shawkey may be regarded as a typical American citizen. His father was a sturdy and energetic Teuton, born not far from the banks of the Rhine, in 1830. His mother was of Scotch-Irish blood and a descendant of the family of John Witherspoon, who was in Revolu- tionary times President of Princeton University and a signer of the Declaration of Independence. After his graduation from the Ohio Wesleyan University, Mr. Shawkey taught school for a time in Kansas and Pennsylvania and served one year as super- intendent of schools at Reynolds, North Dakota, gathering in all these places a valuable fund of information and experience in school affairs. He came to West Virginia in 1895, and since that time has been closely identified with the educational interests of this State. He became a member of the faculty of the West Virginia Wesleyan College at Buckhannon, leaving there in 1897 to accept the position of chief clerk in the State Department of Schools. In 1906 he was- elected county superintendent of schools of Kanawha county and two years later was elected state superintendent. The most recent honor to come to him was his election to the presidency of the Department of Superintendence of the National Education Association for the 1916 meeting at Detroit. In 1903 Mr. Shawkey served a term in the State Legislature where, as chair- man of the Commmittee on Education, he played an important part in working out a revision of the School Law, which marked an epoch in the educational his- tory of West Virginia. The new laws included the uniform examination law, the compulsory attendance law, the free text book law, and the institute attendanc& law. Mr. Shawkey's administration as State Superintendent has been marked by a systematic campaign for the betterment of the rural schools of the state. His ability as a leader and organizer and his untiring energy have won for West Virginia an enviable reputation as the most progressive state in the south in educational methods. West Virginia's "Social Center" plan has attracted wide attention and is being used as a model in many other states. The growth of high schools, the thousands of volumes added to the school libraries, and the im- proved sanitary conditions are some of the substantial evidences of school progress in the state, and explain why Mr. Shawkey is known in West Virginia as the "human dynamo." In connection with his official services he has also found time to do some editorial and literary work. Superintendent Shawkey is the author of a geog- raphy of West Virginia which has had a very wide use in the State and is also author of a history of West Virginia in pamphlet form. He is one of the editors of the West Virginia School Journal and Educator, a journal which has been active and influential in the up-building of school sentiment in West Virginia. While not lacking in appreciation of the purely cultural arts, Mr. Shawkey is by nature of a practical turn of mind, and is essentially an organizer and builder. Every turn of his life has something to show for the work he has done. At Wes- leyan College, Buckhannon, he founded and built up the college lecture course, which is still flourishing. He was also one of two men to take the responsibility for the first summer school in that institution. As State Superintendent, Mr. Shawkey originated and built up the custom of observance of Clean-up and Beautify Day, the State Honor Roll, which has added thousands of days in the aggregate to the attendance of pupils, the present system of state high schools, the present plan of rural supervision by the state, the summer school for colored teachers, and other features of the present progressive educational system. As a member of the State Board of Regents he has been instrumental in building up the more efficient courses of work in both the normal schools and the uni- versity and in many other features of the state educational work his hand may be seen as the hand of a public builder of enterprises. Mr. Shawkey was nominated by the Republican party at the June, 1916, primary election and was re-elected the following November. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES pg. 755 State Auditor. JOHN SHERMAN DARST (Republican), was born in Cheshire, Gallia county, Ohio, October 3, 1860. He attended the public schools, where he acquired his education, and later learned the miller's trade, which he followed for a number of years both in Ohio and West Virginia. When he came to West Virginia he located in Jackson county, with his home and business at Cottageville. The first public office held by Mr. Darst was member of the House of Dele- gates from Jackson county. He was elected in 1896 and took an active part in framing the laws of the State. He was twice re-elected as a member of the House of Delegates and in 1902 was elected to the State Senate, where he served four years. During his term in the Senate, Mr. Darst became a potent factor in the creation of the new tax system and was also the patron of the constitutional amendment, later ratified by the voters of the State, which placed the office of State Auditor on a salary basis, made the Secretary of State an elective officer and eliminated the fee system in both offices. Mr. Darst was appointed Assistant State Tax Commissioner following his term in the State Senate and served until 1908 when he was made the Republican nominee for State Auditor. With his associates on the Republican State ticket he was elected in 1908 and re-elected in 1912. Mr. Darst now lives at Charleston and is a citizen of Kanawha county. He married Miss Blanch McKay, of Meigs county, Ohio, and they have three children — Lieutenant Gilford Darst, of the United States Navy, assigned to special duty at Baltimore; Mrs. Helen Corbin, of Morgantown; and Moses Darst, First Lieutenant United States Regulars, at this date (October 25, 1917) stationed at Ft. Sill, Oklahoma. Mr. Darst as Auditor of West Virginia is also ex-officio Insurance Commissioner of the State and was honored in 1915 with election to the Presidency of the International Convention of Insurance Commissioners. He is also a successful business man, heavily interested in Charleston real estate and a stockholder in banks and mercantile establishments. At the primary election held June 6, 1916, Mr. Darst was nominated for State Auditor on the Republican ticket, and was re-elected at the general elec- tion November 7th, following. State Treasurer. WILLIAM S. JOHNSON (Republican), is a native West Virginian. He was born in Fayette county, November 13, 1873. His father was one of the pioneers of that section and the younger Johnson spent his early days on his father's farm. Taking advantage of the opportunities that were offered, he attended the public schools and later became a teacher. He continued in this work for a number of years and attained such success that he was elected County Superintendent of Schools of Fayette county in 1902 by an overwhelming majority. It was his first public office. He applied efficiency and energy to his task and was rewarded with splendid success in his efforts to improve the school system of that county. Mr. Johnson was elected to the West Virginia State Senate in 1904, from the Ninth Senatorial District, and was re-elected in 1908. It was as a member of the State legislature that he introduced and had enacted into law—after months of perseverance—the "Johnson Pistol Law," aimed to prohibit the indiscriminate carrying of concealed weapons. Ridiculed in the beginning, it is now recognized as one of the most effective and beneficial laws of the State. Statistics show that it has practically eliminated the carrying of concealed weapons and has reduced murders fifty per cent. During his eight years of service in the State Senate, Senator Johnson was the author and patron of much progressive educational legislation, permitting West Virginia to keep step with sister States in advancing the public school system. He assisted in the preparation of the educational code; labored for increased pg. 756 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES teachers' salaries; for extension of the school term; for State aid for poor dis- tricts; for the establishment of high schools; and through his efforts the powers and duties of county superintendents were enlarged. As Chairman of the Senate Committee on Mines and Mining he secured the enactment of new mining statutes designed for the protection of 80,000 miners and re-organizing the State Depart- ment of Mines on a more efficient basis. In recognition of his services in behalf of the public schools, Senator Johnson was unanimously endorsed, in 1911, for the office of State Superintendent of Schools by the teachers of Fayette county. In 1916 he became a candidate for the Republican nomination for State Treasurer in the first state-wide primary held under the direct primary statute. He was nominated by the largest majority received by any successful candidate in the primary and was elected in November of the same year. Attorney General. E. T. ENGLAND (Republican), the son of A. J. S. and Mary (Welch) England, was born and reared on a farm in Jackson county, West Virginia. During his boyhood he attended the public schools in his native county; later he was a student at the public schools at Bramwell, Mercer county. After becoming large enough to perform manual labor to any advantage, he would work on a farm and at public works in the summer season, and on the earnings thus accumulated, pursued his studies at school in the winter, the public school at that time lasting usually four months. He entered the Concord Normal School, at Concord (now Athens), Mercer county, in the fall of 1889, graduating therefrom in 1892. After graduating, he taught school for several years in order to procure money to further continue his education. He continued his studies at the Concord Normal School, taking the academic course in the year? 1893 and 1895. Later he entered the Southern Normal University at Huntingdon, Tennessee, graduating therefrom in 1898 in law and receiving the L. L. B. degree; in 1900 he graduated from this institution in the scientific course, receiving the B. S. degree. He started the practice of law in Wyoming county, West Virginia, moving to Logan county in the year 1901. He was married in 1901, at Moulton, Iowa, to Huldah Leoma Lenburg, daughter of Peter and Maggie Lenburg. They have the following children: Arline, age 15; Max, age 10, and Marjorie, age 5. In 1903 Mr. England was elected Mayor of Logan, defeating the Democratic candidate, although at that time the town was strongly Democratic. In 1908 he was elected to the State Senate, from the Eighth Senatorial District, composed of the counties of Boone, Logan and Kanawha, and was re-elected in 1912. During his term in the Senate he served on many important committees, being chairman of the Judiciary Committee for the sessions of 1911 and 1913, and floor leader of that body for both of these sessions. He was President of the Senate for the 1915-1916 session, and by virtue of said office was Lieutenant Governor of the State for that period of time. He presided over the first meeting of Lieutenant Governors of the United States held at Rhea Springs, Tennessee, on June 9-12, 1915. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias; Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and Loyal Order of Moose. He is Grand Inner Guard in the K. of P., and looks forward with much satisfaction to the time when he will get to be Grand Chan- cellor Commander of this great secret order. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and has been for a good many years. In 1916 he was elected Attorney General of this State, his term beginning on March 4, 1917, and will end March 4, 1921. He lead the State ticket by several thousand votes. His father died in 1899, but his mother, now at the age of 74 years, is still jiving and resides at Beckley, West Virginia. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES pg. 757 The legislature of 1917, at its regular session, enacted the "Good Roads Law" and the "Bond Approval Law," requiring the Attorney General to approve or disapprove the validity of all bonds issued by any county, school district or in- dependent school district, municipality or any other political division or divisions. These two laws increased largely the business of the Attorney General's office, and other legislation, also recently enacted, together with the natural increase of business has enhanced the duties of this office more than one-third, although there has been no increase in the office force. Each time Mr. England was a candidate for office he ran largely ahead of his ticket. As President of the Senate his rulings were eminently fair and impartial. Possessing rare ability as a parliamentarian, his decisions as presiding officer of the Senate were seldom questioned. As Attorney General he has had many important questions to grapple with. One of his first official duties was to defend the State and members of the Legis- lature in the famous Virginia Debt case, in which it was sought in a mandamus proceeding to compel the Legislature to provide ways and means by which the judgment of the Supreme Court of the United States should be liquidated. His constructions and interpretations of the various statutes have, among the legal fraternity, been generally conceded to be correct, and in this, as well as the many other official duties he has performed as Attorney General, he has shown his legal ability. Commissioner of Agriculture. JAMES H. STEWART (Republican), was born at Raymond City, Putnam county, Virginia (now West Virginia), June 20, 1859, a son of Dr. James Stewart. He was educated in the common schools and the State university. Graduated with A. B. degree in 1882; M. A. degree in 1884; L. L. B. degree in 1885. Elected to the State Senate in 1892; Regent of the State University 1893-1896; Director of the West Virginia Experiment Station 1897-1912; elected Commissioner of Agriculture, November, 1916; a member of the State Geological Survey; a granger; a member of the American Association of Advanced Science and of the National Association of State Agricultural Commissioners. Was married to Minnie Louisa Vance in 1882. APPOINTIVE STATE OFFICERS. State Tax Commissioner. WALTER S. HALLANAN (Republican), was born April 29, 1890, at Hunt- ington, West Virginia; educated in the common schools of Huntington and later entered Morris Harvey College, at Barboursville, W. Va. , where he completed his college course; engaged in newspaper business in Huntington for a number of years and in 1912 was assistant publicity director of the Republican State Execu- tive Committee; appointed as Private Secretary by Governor Henry D. Hatfield, in August, 1913; appointed State Tax Commissioner by Governor Hatfield, March 1, 1917; term expires February 28, 1923. pg. 758 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES State Board of Control. DR. E. B. STEPHENSON, President. (Democrat.) Was born May 13. 1873, in the town of Clay, the county seat of Clay county, West Virginia; was educated in the public schools and at Concord Normal School, Athens; taught school for two years; attended the University of Louisville where he graduated in medicine in March, 1896; was appointed on the State Board of Control, October 1, 1910, by Governor Glasscock as the successor of Thomas E. Hodges, who resigned. Dr. Stephenson was elected Treasurer of the Board and served in that capacity until the expiration of his term, when he was succeeded by Dr. William- son. July 1,1917, Dr. Stephenson was appointed by Governor Cornwell as a mem- ber of the Board of Control for a term of six years, and was elected President of the Board. While a resident of Clay county. Dr. Stephenson served as Chairman of the Democratic Executive Committee and also served on the Democratic State Executive Committee. He was Chairman of the Kanawha County Democratic Executive Committee up to July 1, 1917, when he tendered his resignation, upon his appointment to the Board of Control. Dr. Stephenson has not been actively engaged in the practice of medicine for several years, devoting his time chiefly to large business interests with which he is associated. He is connected with the Carroll Hardwood Lumber Company and is President and a director of the Stephenson Hardwood Lumber Compant. Dr. J. M, WILLIAMSON (Democrat) is a native of Washington county, Ohio, and a descendant of Scotch-Irish ancestors. He is the third son of Captain J. W. Williamson, a pioneer steamboat captain and pilot of the upper and lower Ohio and Mississippi rivers. Dr. Williamson was reared in West Virginia and received his education in the common schools of this State and the high schools of Ohio. In 1881-2 he prepared himself for his chosen profession—that of dental surgery —and in 1883 opened an office in New Matamoras, Ohio, the place of his birth. In 1894 he removed to West Virginia, locating in Moundsville. There he built and furnished an office with the most modern equipments available for the prosecu- tion of his profession. After his appointment to his present position, Dr. William- son was succeeded in his profession and business by his son, Dr. C. D. William- son, who now has charge of the large practice. In the year 1907 Dr. J. M. Williamson was elected Mayor of the city of Mounds- ville on a straight Democratic ticket, and it was his distinction to be the first and only person ever elected to the mayoralty of that city as a Democrat, on a strictly party ticket. He succeeded himself for three consecutive terms of two years each. When he took charge of affairs he found the city financially embarrassed, with heavy damage suits pending. Under his management and through his foresight, these damage suits were won for the city. He also found the finances in bad con- dition, with no funds on hand to meet demands and the city practically without credit. City street orders were selling for fifty cents on the dollar. There was also passed down to him as Mayor a legacy in the form of a floating city order debt of $52,000.00, that had been contracted when the city had licensed saloons and boasted of the same as a source of revenue. Under a strictly "dry" rule— the lid being on tight—these financial conditions had to be met. At the end of Mayor Williamson's third term, with no saloon license taxes, the floating order debt had been reduced to $6,000, and not a dollar of new floating order debt created. The city made rapid improvements during his three terms of office. During his incumbency as Mayor of Moundsville, Dr. Williamson headed a movement for a bond issue for a separate system of sanitary sewerage and surface draining. The bond issue carried by nearly five to one, and the city sewerage was completed. It can be said that no city in the State has a better and more up-to- date sanitary system than the city of Moundsville, consisting of more than twenty- nine miles. It is said that this was the largest contract ever let at one time in this State. At the same time the city of Moundsville enjoyed the distinction of being the first city in the State to install an auto fire truck, consisting of hose, ladder and chemical combination. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES pg. 759 On the 6th day of February, 1914, Dr. Williamson was appointed by Governor Henry D. Hatfield as the minority member of the State Board of Control and served as auditor of the board. Upon the reorganization of the board July 1,1917, he was elected as its treasurer. Dr. Williamson is an enthusiastic horticulturist, and has great faith in the Upper Ohio Panhandle of West Virginia as a fruit growing section. He owns and is now having operated, by the most modem methods, the largest commercial apple orchard in that section of the State. JAMES S. LAKIN (Republican), is the eldest son of Calvin H. and Catherine (Finney) Lakin, and was born at Moundsville, West Virginia, March 1, 1864. His father is a retired minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, living at Huntington, who spent half a century in active work in the West Virginia and Iowa conferences, including service as Presiding Elder of the Oakland and Hunt- ington districts. James S. Lakin received his earlier education m the common schools and later attended the Fairmont State Normal and the Ohio Wesleyan University, at Delaware, Ohio. In 1889 he became a member of the mercantile firm of Offutt & Lakin, doing business at Terra Alta, Preston county. He had full charge of its affairs until 1909, when he relinquished the work to accept a position as one of the members of the State Board of Control. He was succeeded as manager of the mercantile firm by his brother, Finney L. Lakin, who still occupies that position. The business of this firm was successful from the beginning, and from a strictly mercantile business branched into other lines, particularly dealigg [sic] in timber lands. In connection with his business success, Mr. James S. Lakin naturally became interested in banking, and has served as President of the First National Bank of Terra Alta and as one of the directors of the Terra Alta bank. He has always taken an active interest in political and public affairs and for a number of years was a member of the Republican Executive Committee of Pres- ton county. In 1899, Governor Atkinson appointed him First Lieutenant of Company M, First West Virginia Infantry. Governor White, in 1901, made him a director of the West Virginia Asylum, at Huntington, and in 1905 he was re-appointed by Governor Dawson. In 1906 Mr. Lakin was the Republican candidate for Congress in the Second Congressional District and was only de- feated by a small majority. He was appointed in 1909 by Governor Glasscock as one of the members of the newly created Board of Control to have charge of the business and financial side of all State institutions. The other members were John A. Sheppard and Thomas E. Hodges. Mr. Lakin was elected President of the Board and in that position had ample opportunity to demonstrate his marked and excellent ability as an organizer. His service in that position was continuous except for a brief leave of absence during the political campaign of 1912, when he served as Chairman of the Republican State Committee. In 1913 Governor Hatfield appointed Mr. Lakin a member of the new Public Service Commission, of which he was elected Chairman. Subsequently, it was held that he was ineligible to a position on the Commission because of a provision in the law covering the State Board of Control. He was thereupon restored by Governor Hatfield to membership on the Board of Control and was again elected President of the Board. In 1914-15 he was a member of the Executive Committee of the West Virginia-Panama Pacific International Exposition at San Francisco. In 1915 he was re-appointed on the State Board of Control for the term of six years, and served as President until the reorganization of the Board in 1917. Mr. Lakin's only son—James O. Lakin—is a Lieutenant in the 150th Regi- ment, United States Army. Public Service Commission. E. F. MORGAN, Chairman, (Republican), was born at Forksburg, Marion county, West Virginia, January 16, 1869; educated in the public schools, Fair- mont State Normal, and West Virginia University; taught in public schools of Marion county for nine years; graduated in the law department of West Virginia University, in the class of 1897; engaged in practice of law at Fairmont, West Virginia, in 1898; was judge of Intermediate Court of Marion County for a term of six years, 1907-1913; at the expiration of his term resumed the practice of pg. 760 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES law; appointed a member of the Public Service Commission of West Virginia by Governor Hatfield for a term of four years, commencing June 1, 1915. Since June 1, 1916, Judge Morgan has been Chairman of the Public Service Commission. E. G. RIDER, Commissioner, (Republican), was born in Braxton county, September 24, 1868; received his education in the public schools of the county and at Lebanon, Ohio; took the law course at Washington and Lee University, completing the same in 1893, and practiced at Sutton up to the time of his ap- pointment to his present position. Mr. Rider was elected prosecuting attorney of Braxton county and served four years from January 1, 1905. He was ap- pointed Referee in Bankruptcy in the Southern District, soon after that dis- trict was created, and filled the position until September 1, 1916. He was a member of the Republican State Executive Committee, 1912-16, and was a member and chairman of the Braxton county Republican Executive Committee for many years. On the 2nd day of September, 1916, Governor Hatfield ap- pointed Mr. Rider a member of the Public Service Commission to serve the un- expired term of Ex-Governor William M. O. Dawson, deceased. GEORGE R. C. WILES, Commissioner, (Democrat), was born at Rugby, Grayson county, Virginia, May 29, 1877; moved with his father to Logan county, West Virginia, in 1886; resided in Logan county until the formation of Mingo, and since that time has lived in Mingo county; received his elementary educa- tion in the common schools; academic and legal education at West Virginia University; graduated in the College of Law at that institution in 1900, and was admitted to the bar at Williamson, in Mingo county, the same year; prac- ticed at Williamson continuously until he was appointed by Governor Cornwell, April, 1917, as a member of the Public Service Commission. In 1903 Mr. Wiles represented Mingo county in the House of Delegates, and was Democratic candi- date for Congress in the Fifth District in 1916. Compensation Commissioner. LEE OTT (Republican), was bom at Hopewell, Bedford county, Pennsylvania January 5, 1859, and received his education in the common schools. He was reared on a farm until he was sixteen years of age, when he went to work in the mines. He came to West Virginia in June, 1897, and was appointed Superin- tendent of the Thomas plant of the Davis Coal & Coke Company, filling that position until April, 1900. At that time he was transferred as Superintendent to the Elk Garden Mines, but returned to Thomas, November 1, 1906, as General. Superintendent of all the mines of the Davis Coal & Coke Company. During his very able management of the company's mines and ovens he brought them to a high state of efficiency and economical production. He also had charge of all the vast improvements enumerated and outlined in the history of the company. Mr. Ott was one of the best known and esteemed business men of that region and was connected with various other concerns and enterprises, besides being a director of the Davis National Bank of Piedmont. He is an official of the affilia- tion board of the Goal Mining Institute of America, and a member of the execu- tive board of the West Virginia Coal Mining Institute. He is also well known in Masonic circles, being a life member of Logan Lodge, No. 490, of Altoona, Penn- sylvania; a member of West Virginia Consistory, No. 1, Wheeling, West Vir- ginia; and Osiris Shrine, Wheeling, West Virginia. He is also a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. In his political opinion, Mr. Ott is an adherent of the Republican party. Al- though he was never active in politics, his support was always solicited by poli- ticians in the five counties of West Virginia along the eastern border, and his acquaintance covers a considerable portion of the State, with business concerns, especially. His interest, however, is always strong in any movement affecting the public welfare. Mr. Ott was appointed by Governor Hatfield a member of the Public Service Commission on the 19th day of July, 1913, serving as Chairman of that body until June 30, 1915, when he was appointed State Compensation Commissioner. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES pg. 761 Health Commissioner. S. L. JEPSON, M. D., (Republican), was bom on a farm in Ohio, ten miles- west of Wheeling, and soon after—on account of a severe injury that rendered him permanently lame—his father gave up farming and opened a store in St. Clairsville. There the boy grew to manhood. In an ungraded school he pursued his studies which included Latin, Greek and some of the higher mathematics. Applying for admission to the junior class of Washington College, Pennsylvania, (now Washington and Jefferson) he was for several months put on probation. At the end of two years he was graduated (A. B.,) eighth in a class of thirty, being one of the commencement speakers, and sharing the literary honors of the class with one who is now the Bishop of New York. Later, the study of medicine was commenced, and in 1868 the degree of M. D. was conferred by the Medical College of Ohio. The young doctor succeeded—by a competitive examination—in securing a position as resident physician and surgeon in the Cincinnati Hospital, which position he filled for a year. Locating in Wheeling in April, 1869, he was, in 1873, elected as City Health Officer, and held this position for six years. In September, 1895, on account of the long-continued presence of small-pox in the city, he was urged to take the office again. He assumed charge of thirty-six cases. In four weeks but three cases remained in the city. For his services $2,000.00 extra compensation was paid, and he was twice re-elected, making a total of eleven years of service as health officer. In 1877 he went to Europe for medical study, spending nearly a year in Edin- burgh, London and Vienna. Always active in medical societies, Dr. Jepson has served as secretary and twice as President of the Ohio County Medical Society, for three years as Secretary and in 1887 as President of the State Medical Association, and for three years as a member of the Judicial Council of the Ameri- can Medical Association. He is also a member of the American Public Health Association, and until the present year was a member of the American Medical Editors Association, and in 1915 a member of its Executive Committee of three. During 1915 he was Vice President of the National Federation of Medical Ex- amining Boards. He was editor of The West Virginia Medical Journal, from its origin, in 1896, until the end of 1915. He has written many medical papers for the journals and societies. From 1884 to 1889 he served in Wheeling as Acting Assistant Surgeon in the United States Marine Hospital Service; from 1889 to 1893 and from 1907 to 1915 as United States examining surgeon for pensions; on the medical staff of the City Hospital, Wheeling, from 1890 to 1915. Always interested in education, he served for sixteen years on the Wheeling Board of Education, part of the time as president. He was the author of resolu- tions that established a High School and also a Public Library. Since 1904 he has been a member of the Board of Trustees of Washington and Jefferson Col- lege. From this college he received the degree of A. M., and in 1907 the honorary degree of Doctor of Science was conferred by the University of Pittsburgh. In June, 1913, Dr. Jepson was made a member and Secretary of the State Board of Health by His Excellency, Governor Hatfield, and in June, 1914, under the new law constituting a State Department of Health, Governor Hatfield ap- pointed him as the first Commissioner of Health, for a term of four years. State Geologist. DR. I. C. WHITE, (Republican). Michael White, the father of I. C. White, married Mary Anne Russell (probably Rischel, originally, since her ancestors were all from Holland) and settled on a farm of two hundred acres in western Monongalia county, about three miles below the head of the Pennsylvania Fork of Dunkard, and the same distance above the village of Jollytown, Pennsylvania. Six children were bom of this union; viz., Henry Solomon, William Thomas, Lydia Anne, Catherine, Israel C. and John, two of whom (John and Catherine), died during childhood, and the mother herself died in 1852. pg. 762 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES Israel C. White, the subject of this sketch, was born at the old homestead in Battelle district in the western portion of Monongalia county, November 1, 1848, and grew to manhood (nineteen) on the farm, with only such educational advantages as the "subscription schools" of the time, previous to 1865, afforded. His father had a high appreciation of the value of education, however, and made many sacrifices to give to his children the advantage of the best "subscription schools" available. Michael White was a strong, virile citizen, a born leader of men, and one of the five persons selected to divide the county of Monongalia into districts, and give names to the same after the formation of West Virginia. He gave the name "Battelle" to the most western district, in which he also resided, naming it after Rev. Gordon Battelle, a talented Methodist Espiscopal minister of Wheeling, who, through a series of newspaper articles, accomplished more than any other one man in crystalizing the public sentiment of West Vir- ginia in favor of separation from the mother State. It was while attending one of these "subscription schools", taught by George Fletcher, a graduate of Al- leghany College, at Meadville, Pennsylvania, that the subject of this sketch conceived the idea of securing a college education. Hence, when the West Vir- ginia Agricultural College was established at Morgantown and opened its doors for the higher education of the young men of the State, in September, 1867, Israel C. White became one of the matriculates at the opening, through the encouragement of his intelligent and appreciative father. This father, however, Although one of the strongest men physically the county ever produced—never having been outdone in wood chopping, rail making or lifting contests—sickened and died at the end of 1868, during the middle of the son's second college year. Thrown upon his own resources at the age of twenty, the son determined to cany out his father's wishes and graduate from the State's highest institution of learn- ing. He taught school, worked on the farm during vacations, sold his small con- tingent interest in the farm, and graduated with honor in the class of 1872, not owing any one a dollar, but with only about $10 in cash ahead for future capital. Soon after graduation in June, 1872, he married Emma Shay, a talented teacher of the Morgantown public schools. Both taught school for the first and second years of their married life, and in 1874 Mr. White was elected principal of a private school at Hunterdon, New Jersey, where they went to reside. Soon after the birth of his oldest daughter (now Mrs. Joseph H. Mills), Mrs. White died, November 24, 1874, and Mr. White relinquished the profession of teaching to take up the study of geology, having secured an appointment as aid to his old teacher in geology, Dr. John J. Stevenson, on the Second Geological Survey of Pennsylvania, beginning work thereon in May, 1875. He was made full assistant in 1876, and remained in connection therewith until that survey came to a close in 1884, being the author of eight volumes of the Reports of that survey; was professor of Geology in the West Virginia University from 1877 to 1892, and one of the assistant geologists on the United States Geological Survey from 1884 to 1888, during which time he prepared and published Bulletin 65 on the "Strati- graphy of the Appalachian Coal Field." In 1892 he resigned his position in the University to take charge of a large petroleum business which he had developed for himself and associates, through scientific discoveries made in connection with his studies of the occurrence of petroleum, natural gas and coal, in all of which he is an expert specialist, being the author of the anticlinal or structural theory for the occurrence of oil and gas. Dr. White was treasurer of the Geological Society of America from 1892 to 1907, Vice-President of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Section E (Geology) 1896-7; delegate to the Interna- tional Geological Congress held in St. Petersburg, 1897, and in Paris, 1900. Dr. White has been State Geologist of West Virginia since 1897, and has prepared and published five of the volumes of the reports; viz., Vols. I and I (A) on "Petroleum and Natural Gas," and Vols. II and II (A) on "Coal," and Bulletin Two on "Levels and Coal Analysis." He has also supervised and edited the publication of nineteen other volumes published by the West Virginia Geological Survey which were prepared by his Assistants. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES pg. 763 In 1904-5 Dr. White visited Brazil at the request of the Brazilian government to make studies and an official report on the coal fields of South Brazil. His report—a large quarto volume with numerous illustrations on the "Brazilian Coal Fields"—was published in both English and Portuguese in 1908. He was invited by President Roosevelt to be the second speaker on the program at the White House Conference of Governors in May, 1908, where he delivered an address on "The Waste of Our Fuel Resources" and this in connection with an address before the American Mining Congress, at Pittsburgh, December 6, 1908, on "The Barren Zone of the Appalachian Coal Field," has greatly aided the conservation movement inaugurated by President Roosevelt. Dr. White, although a very busy man, finds time to take an active interest in civic affairs, having been the Vice-President for West Virginia of the Interna- tional League for Highway Improvement, President of the West Virginia State Board of Trade, and President of the Morgantown Board of Trade, and is also a member of the Federal Trade Committee of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States. Dr. White was married a second time, in December, 1878, to Miss Mary Moor- head, of New Castle, Pennsylvania, who has borne him five children: Nell, wife of C. W. Maxwell, Attorney at Law, Elkins, West Virginia; Fannie, wife of H. P. Brightwell, Cashier, Union Trust Company, Charleston, West Virginia; Edith, wife of Karl L. Kithil, Technologist, United States Bureau of Mines, Denver, Colorado; Charles, purchasing Agent for the Pittsburgh & Lake Erie Railway, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and Gertrude, wife of E. R. Wise, Architect, Cleve- land, Ohio. Dr. White is the happy grandfather of ten grandchildren, five boys and five girls, ranging in age from one to twelve years. Commissioner of Banking. SAMUEL PRESTON SMITH (Republican), was born March 20, 1875 at East Bank, Kanawha county, West Virginia, and received his education in the public schools. From 1904 to 1908 he was Assistant Commissioner of Bank- ing; from 1909 to 1913 was Treasurer and Sheriff of Kanawha county. April 1, 1915, he was appointed Commissioner of Banking by Governor Hatfield for a term of four years. Chief of the Mine Department. EARL A. HENRY (Republican), was born November 25, 1867, at Winifrede, Kanawha county, being the oldest of five sons. When he was three years old the family moved to West Columbia and after a few years moved to Clifton, Mason county, where he still resides. His father having spent the greater part of his life in the coal mines of this State; nothing was more natural than that his son should follow in his foot- steps, so at the age of nine years he entered the mine with his father and has spent his entire life in the coal industry of the State, except four years, from 1897 to 1901, when he was Deputy Sheriff of Mason county. Beginning in 1876 as trapper boy, he worked his way up to Mine Foreman, and then to District Mine Inspector, being appointed by Governor White in 1901, and reappointed by Governor Dawson in 1905 and by Governor Glasscock in 1909, from which position he was appointed Chief of the Department of Mines by Governor Hat- field, on September 1, 1913. His promotion to chief of the department was a just recognition of faithful and efficient service rendered the State. Commissioner of Labor. SAMUEL B. MONTGOMERY (Republican), was born on May 15, 1876, in the Digman homestead, Laurel Creek, Barbour county, West Virginia. He was the son of Adam and Susan (Digman) Montgomery, being the descendant of a family which for generations has lived among the hills of West Virginia. He removed with his parents to Preston county in 1878, and was reared at New- burg. At the age of thirteen years, upon the death of his father, which occurred as a result of exposure and wounds received hinthe service of the Union Army, as a member of Company H, 7th West Virginia Volunteer Infantry, he was com- pg. 764 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES pelled to stop school and assist in the support of a large family. He started as coke-drawer at the plant of the Newburg-Orrel Coal & Coke Company, and later was day laborer and mule driver for the Monongah Coal & Coke Company, now merged into the Consolidation Coal Company. In 1896-7, he was an em- ployee of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company as brakeman. Prior to this he was newsboy for the Union News Company, running between Wheeling and Cumberland. He located at Tunnelton in 1899, and the next year was elected Justice of the Peace for Kingwood District. In 1902 he was elected Mayor, and was re-elected in 1903 and 1908. In 1903 he was appointed Postmaster by President Roosevelt, but resigned in 1904, when he was elected to the State Senate from the Four- teenth District, comprising the counties of Preston, Tucker, Mineral, Grant and Hardy. This is the only time that Mr. Montgomery's name has ever appeared on his party ticket, and it is interesting to note that he ran ahead of his ticket. As a member of the senate he voted for the initiative, referendum and recall, for a production tax on oil and gas, state-wide prohibition, and was the champion of many humane, constructive and progressive measures which are now upon the statute books of the State. In 1908 Senator Montgomery was appointed by President Theodore Roose- velt as Special Agent in the Department of Commerce and Labor, and later he was promoted to Chief Special Agent, which position he held until he resigned to take up the study of law and economics (world wide labor problems) at the West Virginia University. He has been Active in fraternal circles. On November 26, 1901, at Tunnelton, he became a charter member of McKinley Lodge No. 135, Knights of Pythias. The month following he was elected Outer Guard and continued to advance until he reached the summit of Pythian distinction, when at Elk-ins, on September 15, 1910, he was elected and installed as Grand Chancellor of West Virginia. At Wheeling, August 18, 1911, he was elected Grand Keeper of Records and Seal, which position he now holds. He is also a member of Kingwood Lodge No. 107, I. O. O. P.; Invincible Council No. 147; Jr. O. U. A. M.; Shiraz Temple No. 29, D. O. K. K.; Vesta Temple No. 50, Pythian Sisters; Kanawha Lodge No. 1444, L. O. O. M.; Tunnelton Camp W. O. W. Among the societies which claim him as a member are the American Academy of Social and Political Science of Philadelphia; the Southern Sociological Con- gress of Nashville; the National Geographic Society, the National Conservation Congress, Washington, D. C., and the Beta Theta Pi Chapter, West Virginia University. He is noted throughout the State as a brilliant, fraternal and political speaker, and his address on the "History of Odd Fellows," his lecture on "John Wesley," and his address on "West Virginia and Its Future," delivered before the West Virginia Editorial Association, are among the public utterances that have attracted wide and favorable comment. A member of the Methodist Episcopal church, he has served as Vice-President of the Laymen's Association, and on the Board of Stewards of the General Conference of West Virginia. On February 29, 1896, Senator Montgomery married Grace K. Orr, a daughter of Major and Mrs. Uriah N. Orr, of Kingwood. Mr. and Mrs. Montgomery have two children—William Newton and Mary Susan—students in the Charles- ton High school. He was appointed State Commissioner of Labor and ex-officio Commissioner of Weights and Measures by Governor H. D. Hatfield, for a term of four years, assuming his duties March 1, 1917. The Adjutant General. GEN. JOHN C. BOND (Republican), was born in Pendleton county, West Virginia, November 9, 1880; worked on a farm, on lumber mill and as railroad brakeman; attended the public schools and graduated from Fairmont State Normal School in 1902; taught school two years and then took up newspaper work, which he followed until appointed to present office; enlisted in the First West Virginia Volunteer Infantry during the Spanish-American War, in 1898, and has since served in the West Virginia National Guard; appointed Adjutant General, with rank of Brigadier General, July 15, 1914. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES 765 Forest, Game and Fish Warden. J. A. VIQUESNEY (Republican), was born near Belington, Barbour county, West Virginia, April 7, 1869. His father emigrated to the United States from France, when a boy, and his mother moved to Barbour county from Page county, Virginia, prior to the civil war. He obtained his education from the common free schools, the commercial department of the Methodist Episcopal Seminary at Buckhannon, West Virginia, and the law school of the West Virginia University. Before he was twenty years old he began teaching in the common free schools, and afterwards specialized in the teaching of penmanship. In the year 1893 he entered the employment of the Baltimore & Ohio and the West Virginia Central Railroad companies, and worked as telegraph operator and assistant passenger and freight agent, at Belington, West Virginia, for four years. Since that time, he has been engaged in the buying and selling of real estate and the practice of law, becoming the junior member of the law firm of Ware & Viquesney, in the year 1905, with offices at Belington and Philippi. On February 23, 1909, he was appointed by Governor Wm. M. O. Dawson as Game and Fish Warden of West Virginia for an unexpired term ending July 1, 1909, and was appointed as State Forest, Game and Fish Warden by Governor Wm. E. Glasscock, for a term of four years, and reappointed by Governor H. D. Hatfield. Always taking an active part as a Republican in politics, he served a number of years as committeeman on both the county and congressional committee. He was never a candidate for office, except he served four terms as Mayor of the town of Belington. He is a member of Grafton Lodge, B. P. O. E., a K. of P., W. O. W., and Modem Woodmen of America. In a business capacity he is President of the Citizens National Bank, of Beling- ton; officer and director of several corporations; engaged in horticulture and agriculture; and is President of Allegheny and Cheat Mountain Clubs, two organi- zations controlling nearly one hundred thousand acres of land in Randolph and Pocahontas counties, on which is being demonstrated the possibilities of propa- gating all kinds of game and fish, and which he expects to develop into the most attractive club proposition in America. Secretary to the Governor. JAMES WESTON WEIR was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey, March 12, 1882. He was educated in the common schools and later attended the Washington, D. C. high schools. He is a journalist by profession and is the owner of the "Randolph Review," published at Elkins, one of the leading Demo- cratic newspapers in West Virginia. Aside from his work as an editorial manager, Mr. Weir has also had wide experience as a newspaper reporter and general cor- respondent. He reported the proceedings of the legislative sessions of 1909, 1911 and 1915 for the Wheeling "Register" and other papers, and was a member of the House of Delegates from Randolph county in 1909, 1915 and 1917. In 1911 he became the Private Secretary to United States Senator Clarence W. Watson, and filled the position until the close of that gentleman's term. In 1917 Mr. Weir was appointed Secretary to Governor John J. Cornwell. At the opening of the extraordinary session of the Legislature in May, following his appointment, he resigned as a member of the House from Randolph county. Pardon Attorney. JAMES E. CUTLIP (Democrat), was bom in Braxton county, West Virginia. He received his education in the public schools. In 1888 he was made the prin- cipal of the public schools at Ripley, Jackson county, holding that position until 1893. While filling the position at Ripley, he studied law in the offices of Hon. Warren Miller, and in 1892 was admitted to the bar. In the spring of 1893 he returned to his native county and took up the active practice of law. In 1904 he was elected Prosecuting Attorney of Braxton county, and was again elected to that office in 1912. He was appointed Pardon Attorney by Governor Cornwell in March, 1917, taking up the duties of that office immediately after his ap- pointment. pg. 766 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES State Historian and Archivist. WILS0N MATTHEWS FOULK (Democrat), was born at Greencastle, Pennsylvania, December 4, 1855. Two years later the family moved to Balti- more, Maryland, where he passed his childhood. He received his elementary education in the schools—graded and high—of that city, completing his col- legiate education at Dickinson College. After several years teaching experience - as Head Master of St. Luke's Academy, Brooklyn, New York, and a like expe- rience at Rugby Academy, Wilmington, Delaware, he came into West Virginia in 1891, and since that date, as a teacher and institute instructor, has been prominently identified with its educational development. He was in charge of the schools of Piedmont from 1890 to 1903 and of the city of Huntington from 1905 to 1915. He was appointed State Historian and Archivist by Governor Cornwell October 1, 1917. State Librarian. BENJAMIN H. OXLEY, State Librarian of West Virginia, after receiving the rudiments of an education in the subscription schools of Virginia, came, with his parents, to Lincoln county, West Virginia, and engaged in farming and teaching. He afterwards attended summer normal schools in Lincoln county and later— while continuing teaching—began the study of law. In 1881 he obtained a license to practice from the judges of the supreme court. He practiced his profession for several years in the counties of Lincoln, Boone, Logan and Cabell. In 1884 Mr. Oxley represented Lincoln county in the House of Delegates, and in 1886 was elected to the State Senate from the old seventh senatorial district, extending, from Lincoln to Mercer county. He was for four years bookkeeper in the State Auditor's office, and was made adjutant general by Governor Fleming, serving through the latter's incumbency in office. He was for twelve consecutive years secretary of the State Democratic Execu- tive Committee. In 1913 he was appointed by the late Judge Samuel D. Littlepage as one of the commissioners to adjust and pay off Chesapeake & Ohio Railway coupons, held by numerous citizens of the State. Mr. Oxley is a law-book author, "Instructions to Juries" having been written by him in 1906. On March 26, 1917, Governor John J. Cornwell appointed Mr. Oxley to the position of State Librarian. State Road Commission. A. DENNIS WILLIAMS, Chairman, (Republican), was born on a farm in Pocahontas county, May 22, 1878; educated in the public schools of that county and Concord State Normal, at Athens, and studied engineering in the field under Major P. B. Houston. Mr. Williams' early life was spent on a farm. He taught three terms of public school, from 1891 to 1898, and from the latter year until 1901 was in the engineering department of the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway. In 1901-2 he was engineer for the Greenbrier & Iron Mountain Railway; 1902-3 engineer for the West Virginia Pulp and Paper Company and the G. C. & E. Railway; 1903-13 had a general engineering office at Marlinton, Pocahontas county, during which time he was engineering for the M. & C., G. & C. and G. & I. M. Railways, and many lumber and industrial companies. Mr. Williams was elected to the legislature from Pocahontas county in 1908, and represented that county in the session of 1909, serving as chairman of the Committee on Roads and Internal Navigation, and was in a measure instrumental in the passage of the revised road laws enacted at that session, which laid the foundation for the present road development in the State. He was appointed as Chief Road Engineer by Governor H. D. Hatfield, July 8, 1913, and served as such until May 23, 1917, when the law under which he was serving was supplanted by the acts of 1917. June 1, 1917, Governor John J. Cornwell commissioned him as a member of the State Road Commission for a term of four years. In the organization he was elected chairman. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES pg. 767 Mr. Williams is a member of the Methodist Protestant church. He repre- sented the West Virginia Conference in the General Conference at Pittsburgh in 1908; at Baltimore in 1912; at the General Special Conference on Church Union at Columbus, Ohio, in 1914; and the General Conference at Zanesville Ohio, in 1916. He was a member of the Board of Trustees of Adrian College, Michigan, from 1908 to 1916, and in the latter year was elected a member of the General Educational Board. He has been elected annually to the West Virginia Conference, and has served as President of the Laymen's Council since 1908 He represented the State as one of the delegates to the Head Camp Meeting M. W. of A., at Peoria, Illinois, in 1908. Was elected president of the Southern Appalachian Good Roads Association at Nashville, Tenn., October 19, 1917. On the 23rd of January, 1902, Mr. Williams was married to Miss Lulu A. Waugh. He is connected with horticultural, agricultural, manufacturing and mining development enterprises located in the State. T. S. SCANLON, Commissioner and Secretary-Treasurer, (Democrat) was born in Harrisonburg, Rockingham county, Virginia, November 15, 1858; moved with his parents, while an infant, to a point three or four miles west of Coving- ton, Virginia, where his father—a contractor on the construction of what is now the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway—died in the spring of 1860; he then moved with his mother and eight sisters and brothers to a point near Lewisburg, where his mother rented what was known as the Joe Finster farm. His oldest brother. then nearing manhood, was drafted into the Confederate army. About the second year of the war of the rebellion, he, with his mother and the other children trecked over the mountains into the Kanawha valley, where she rented another farm in the neighborhood of Red House, and lived until the war was over, and the oldest brother returned unhurt and went to contracting, taking the family with him, on the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway, near what is now Montgomery upon the revival of construction on that road from the White Sulphur west to the Sandy River. The younger Scanlon received only such schooling as could be gotten in the district schools of the State at that time. At the finishing up of the construction of the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway, he went into the service of that company, being then about fifteen years old, and remained in their service for nine years, filling all kinds of positions from roustabout up to trainmaster, which latter position he held the last three years of his service. He then located in Huntington—at the age of about twenty-four—conducting a retail shoe busi- ness, out of which he made a very respectable living; took a great interest in politics, as a Democrat; was City Treasurer of Huntington, being elected yearly from 1891 to 1896, inclusive; during that time handled the first large bond issue that was the beginning of the permanent public improvements of the city, there being at that time some six miles of paving and considerable amount of trunk sewerage put in; declined to serve any longer after this improvement was ad- vanced; was a member of the City Council several terms; was active as such, as the council at that time constituted the School Board, as well as a governing body, in getting built the first good school now in the Huntington system—The Oley; has been rather active in school matters, having been partly instrumental by some financial aid and considerable hard work in keeping in existence the West Virginia Colored Orphans Home for probably nine years, while it lived on volun- tary contributions, and was finally instrumental in getting the State to take it over. Four years before going out of the shoes business, he became interested in construction work, road building, streets and sewerage. Finally, in 1906, he sold out his shoe business and since then, up to his appointment on the Road Commission, has been actively engaged in this work. Three years of the time in connection with his contracting work, lie was a member of the "Four City Com- missioners" of the city of Huntington, which gave the city probably the most active administration it has ever had, having spent—to the satisfaction apparently of all the people—well on to a million and a quarter dollars a year, including regular running expenses of the city and public improvements. Mr. Scanlon was appointed June 1, 1917, as a member of the West Virginia State Road Com- mission, by Governor John J. Cornwell. pg. 768 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES JUDICIARY DEPARTMENT. Judges of the Supreme Court of Appeals. CHARLES W. LYNCH (Republican), President of the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia, was born in Harrison county, March 11, 1851. He graduated from the West Virginia University in 1874 with the A. B. degree and received the degree A. M. in 1877. Previous to 1882 he was superintendent of public schools at Burning Springs and Clarksburg. Meanwhile he studied law and was admitted to the bar in that year. He soon took commanding rank at the bar. He frequently has been honored by the Republican party in having conferred upon him unsought nominations for public office. He was a member of the House of Delegates 1882-3 and 1891-2; prosecuting attorney for Harrison county 1885-9 and 1893-7; Judge of the Circuit Court of the Thirteenth Judicial Circuit 1905-13. In 1912 Judge Lynch was nominated for his present position of Judge of the Supreme Court of Appeals without his knowledge or consent, and was elected at the ensuing election. He began his service on that high tribunal January 1, 1913. Judge Lynch's long practice of the law, and his large experience as a circuit judge, thoroughly equipped him for the arduous duties of his present position in which he is making a most enviable record as an appellate judge. Judge Lynch is a York rite and Scottish rite Mason of the thirty-second degree and is past grand master of the Grand Lodge of West Virginia. He is President of the Board of Trustees of West Virginia Wesleyan College from which institu- tion he received the degree of LL. D. in 1915, and is an official member of the Methodist Episcopal Church in the activities of which he has long been prominent. GEORGE POFFENBARGER (Republican), the senior member of the Su- preme Court of Appeals, was born in Mason county, November 24, 1861, and is still a resident of that county. He acquired a thorough education by his own close application and continuous effort, and a period of study in Rio Grande College, Rio Grande, Ohio. He successfully taught public schools for seven years, and while thus engaged began the study of law under the direction of Hon. John W. Eng- lish, later a Judge of the Supreme Court. Judge Poffenbarger was admitted to the bar in 1887 He was for many years an active leader in the Republican party and was also an effective campaign speaker, which largely extended his acquaintance throughout the State. At the early age of twenty-six he was elected to the responsible office of Sheriff of his native county. Judge Poffenbarger was elected to the Supreme Court in 1900, over his old instructor, Judge English, and so thoroughly satisfactory were his services to the people of the State that he was re-elected in 1912. His term of office will expire December 31, 1924. Only one other judge—the late Henry Brannon—has been honored with elections to two full terms. Judge Poffenbarger is in the full vigor of the prime of life, loves his work, pursues it with unflagging industry, and has already achieved a reputation as a jurist which places him among the distinguished leaders of the judiciary of the State. He has a vigorous, analytical and discriminative mind and his written opinions are widely cited by the profession and discussed in law journals. During his incumbency he has been influential in altering and improving the methods of procedure of the court of last resort, of which he has several times been president. Judge Poffenbarger is a member of the Presbyterian Church, the Sons of the American Revolution, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and other organi- zations. WILLIAM N. MILLER (Republican), was born in Ohio, October 18, 1855, and was educated in the public schools and Ottervein University, from which institution he received the degree of A. B. in 1879 and A. M. in 1881. He early came to Parkersburg, West Virginia, and read law in the office of William L. Cole. He was admitted to the bar in 1882, and become a member of the firm of Cole & Miller. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES pg. 769 Judge Miller was appointed Judge Advocate General by both Governor White and Governor Dawson. For fifteen years he was an officer of the West Virginia State Bar Association and has been for many years a member of the American Bar Association. On January 28, 1907, he was appointed a Judge of the Supreme Court of Appeals to succeed Judge Cox, and was elected by the people to the same office in 1908, and ever since he ascended the bench he has performed the responsible duties of his high office with conspicuous ability. His record as a judge of the court of last resort has been eminently satisfactory both to the bar and litigants. His written opinions are clear, terse and logical and constitute each within itself a valuable precedent. His persistent labor on the bench, in con- ference, and in his private office, and his conscientious and painstaking conside- ration of each case before the court, win for him the highest commendation. He has twice filled the office as President of the Court. Judge Miller has been a life-long Republican, and before ascending the bench he was a leader of his party and frequently advocated its principles as a cam- paign speaker. In 1892 he was a delegate to the Republican National Conven- tion which renominated President Benjamin Harrison. He is a member of the Elks and other orders, an Episcopalian, and a public spirited citizen, whose popu- larity is attested by a host of friends throughout all parts of the State. At the Republican convention held on August 10, 1916, Judge Miller was re- nominated, and was re-elected for the full term of twelve years at the general election in November following. L. JUDSON WILLIAMS (Republican), was born in Greenbrier county, October 18, 1856. His ancestors were pioneers of that county. He was educated in the common schools and the West Virginia University, and took his law course in the University of Virginia. After spending some time in teaching, he was ad- mitted to the bar in 1888 and later formed a law partnership with Judge Charles S. Dice, under the firm name of Williams & Dice, which firm had a large and important practice in the State and Federal Courts. Judge Williams was a member of the State Tax Commission of 1901-2 and assisted in drafting the bills which were the basis of the new tax system adopted in 1904. From 1903 to 1908, he was a member of the State University Board of Regents and took great interest in the duties of that position. In 1908 he was the Republican nominee for the supreme bench, and was elected. He has served two terms as president of that august tribunal. His painstaking application to his judicial duties, and his clear and comprehensive written opinions, have won the commendation of the bar of the State. His judicial temperament, persistent industry and physical vigor give promise of long continued usefulness on the bench. Judge Williams is a thirty-second degree Mason, an active official in the Metho- dist Episcopal Church, South, and is identified with several charitable organiza- tions. His public spirit is shown in the uniform interest he takes in community betterment and the State's welfare. HAROLD A. RITZ (Republican), is a citizen of Bluefield, in the southern tier of counties, but was born in the northern Panhandle. Wheeling is his birthplace and the date of his birth was July 25, 1873. He was educated in the public schools of the State and graduated from Marshall College at Huntington in 1889. In 1899-90, he taught public school in Wayne county. Soon after he began the study of law and after passing the required bar examination he was admitted in 1894, and located in Bluefield at the age of 21, for the practice of his profession. His thorough preparation caused him to take high rank as a lawyer and his splendid physique enabled him to perform all the work of the large practice that almost immediately came to him in that section of the State, which developed so rapidly. He was engaged in nearly all the important litigation in the courts in which he practiced. In 1906, when a vacancy occurred in the office of Circuit Judge of the Eighth Circuit, Judge Ritz was appointed by Governor Dawson and served most acceptably from June to December of that year. He also served on Governor Dawson's staff as Aide de Camp. In 1909 President Taft appointed Judge Ritz U. S. District Attorney for the Southern District of West Virginia, and he ably pg. 770 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES discharged the duties of that responsible office for a full term of four years. After the expiration of his term of office he resumed his lucrative practice at Bluefield. On August 10, 1916, with Judge Miller, he was nominated by the Republican party as a candidate for the highest State tribunal and was elected at the en- suing general election. His large experience as a trained lawyer and his marked judicial temperament qualified him to enter upon the discharge of his appellate duties with a high order of merit. From the very beginning of his term he has rendered able service, and the supreme bench has been greatly strengthened by the acquisition of his vigorous and pronounced judicial powers. WILLIAM BURDETTE MATHEWS (Republican), the efficient Clerk of the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia, was born August 27, 1866, at Round Bottom (once owned by George Washington), Marshall county, this State. He taught school for six years, three as principal of the McMechen public schools. He received the degree of A. M. from Waynesburg (Pa.) College and LL. B. from Columbian (now George Washington) University, Washington, D. C. He was admitted to the bar in 1892. He practiced law in the District of Columbia, Moundsville and Charleston. He served as Chief Clerk of the State Auditor's office and as Assistant Attorney General under Attorney General Freer. Mr. Mathews is a Republican and served as Secretary of the Marshall County Executive Committee in 1896. In 1900 he acted as President of the State League of Republican Clubs, and presided over its convention at Parkersburg. The same year he was chosen a McKinley and Roosevelt elector to fill a vacancy in the elec- toral college. He also has been State President of the Epworth League, twice a delegate to the General Conference of the M. E. Church, and in 1911 was a dele- gate to the Methodist Ecumenical Conference at Toronto, Canada. For four years—1902-6—he was a member of the Charleston Common Coun- cil and as Chairman of the Finance Committee of that body he instituted a great[l]y improved fiscal system. He is treasurer of the Bar Association of the City of Charleston and has long been a member of the State and American Bar Associations. He is a member of the Masonic bodies, the Elks and other orders. Mr. Mathews is State Chairman of the Four Minute Men, organized under authority of the Committee on Public Information.